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Erbe ausgeschlagen?
(2011)
Vom 28. bis 30. Januar [2011] lud Günter Grass auch in diesem Jahr wieder ausgewählte Autoren zum Lübecker Literaturtreffen ein, um über dies und das zu debattieren. Mit einer Neuauflage der berühmt berüchtigten Gruppe 47 hat das Treffen nichts zu tun. Aber wofür stehen die Autoren? (...) Neun Autoren sind angereist, so viele wie noch nie; Altbekannte und weniger Bekannte, manche zum ersten, einige bereits zum sechsten Mal: Sherko Fatah, Olga Flor, Eleonora Hummel, Eva Menasse, Norbert Niemann, Knud Romer, Fridolin Schley, Jens Sparschuh und Tilman Spengler.
Small bowel endoscopy is crucial for diagnosing small bowel Crohn’s disease, and capsule endoscopy is complemented by balloon-assisted enteroscopy to take biopsies and by magnetic resonance imaging to visualize enteral and extra-intestinal involvement. Recently, imaging has also become a key instrument to manage Crohn’s disease patients. Treatment control is advised for patients who have undergone bowel resections and is increasingly used to testify treatment success in non-operated patients, too. In this review we present the modern imaging methods to diagnose and to manage Crohn’s disease with a special focus on the small bowel. Moreover, current knowledge on the impact of diagnostic methods on the patients’ outcome is reported.
Editorial: Michael Heise : The Chief Economist of Allianz SE about the economic outlook for 2011 Research Finance: Andreas Hackethal, Utpal Bhattacharya, Benjamin Loos, Simon Kaesler, Steffen Meyer : "Unbiased Financial Advice – Wanted but not Followed" Research Law: Katja Langenbucher : "Insider Trading in Europe" Research Money/Macro: Thomas Laubach, Michael U. Krause, Matthias Hoffmann : "Long-Run Growth Expectations and Current Account Balances" Policy Platform: Heinz Hilgert, Jan Pieter Krahnen, Günther Merl, Helmut Siekmann : "Proposal for a Reorganisation of the German Landesbanks and Savings Banks Sector" Interview: Viral V. Acharya : "The Dodd-Frank Act Leaves a Lot to be Desired"
"Mir doch egal, ob das jetzt gerecht ist. Hauptsache, ich habe meinen Vorteil!" Wann hätte je ein Politiker, Wirtschaftslenker oder Vertreter einer Interessengruppe so argumentiert? Jeder sagt stattdessen: "Wenn wir unsere Ziele durchsetzen, dann geht es unterm Strich auch in der gesamten Gesellschaft gerechter zu." So begründen beispielsweise alle, die sich an der Diskussion über die Reform des Sozialstaats beteiligen, ihre gegensätzlichen Positionen – etwa zum sogenannten Existenzminimum – mit dem Verweis auf Gebote der Gerechtigkeit, je nach Couleur auch verbunden mit der Forderung, dass sich Leistung (wieder) lohnen müsse.
Background: We aimed to investigate the influences of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on response evaluation, as reflected by the postimperative negative variation (PINV), a slow event-related potential. Methods: We investigated PINV as an indicator of performance uncertainty in an audio-visual contingent negative variation (CNV) paradigm with an interstimulus interval of 3 seconds. A constant, unilateral, quick motor reaction with either the right or the left thumb was required after an auditory forewarned (S1) visual imperative stimulus (S2). We examined 18 ADHD patients (combined or hyperactive-impulsive subtype) aged between 8 and 14 years and an age-, sex and IQ-matched control group of 19 healthy subjects using 64-channel high-density EEG. A first run was recorded drug-free, a second one under methylphenidate (MPH) medication in the ADHD group. Results: We found a significantly increased negativity of the PINV-component over the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex in ADHD children compared to the healthy control group. PINV amplitude was influenced by movement side, most likely due to the slightly more difficult task when left hand responses were required. After the intake of MPH, PINV amplitudes of ADHD children normalized. Conclusions: We conclude that children with ADHD are likely to be more uncertain about the correctness of their performance and interpret the increased PINV as a hint towards compensatory mechanisms for a deficit in the evaluation of contingencies. Further studies are needed to assess the exact extent to which remainders of eye-movement related potentials contribute to PINV amplitude despite the correction for eye-artifacts.
Er gilt als Meister der Sprache, als Poet der Empfindsamkeit, als Dichter des Zwischenraums, der die Umbrüche der Moderne antizipierte, als Sonderling und Grenzgänger im Leben wie im Werk, als Projektmacher bis zum selbst inszenierten Tod: Heinrich von Kleist (1777– 1811) entzieht sich allen gewöhnlichen Rubrizierungen. Nicht zuletzt deshalb sind seine Werke für Literaturwissenschaftler bis heute von besonderer Faszination. In pointierten Beiträgen beschreiben Frankfurter Forscher, eine Dramaturgin des Schauspiel Frankfurt und eine Berliner Journalistin, wie sie sich Kleists Texten nähern. Auf das vehemente Posthum-Interesse an seiner Person und seinen schriftstellerischen Hinterlassenschaften hätte Kleist eine ironische Antwort parat, er nahm sie bereits zu Lebzeiten vorweg: "Nachruhm! Was ist das für ein seltsam Ding, das man erst genießen kann, wenn man nicht mehr ist." Kleist Special: * "...zu leben in einer Zeit, die vorbei, oder nicht da ist" – Von einem, der auszog – Kleists Suche nach einer Lebensform über den Augenblick hinaus. [Nora Khuon] * Die Doppelrolle eines simplen Strichs. Wenn der Erzähler erzählt, ohne zu erzählen – Zu Kleists (Gedanken)Strichen. [Waltraud Wiethölter] * "Gott, mein Vater!" Neues von der Marquise von O… [Andreas Kraß] * "Verwahr’ es wohl, es wird dir dereinst das Leben retten!" Kleist und die Biopolitik. [Davide Giuriato] * "Der Krüge schönster ist entzwei geschlagen" Komik in der Materialität des Körpers und des Zeichens. [Heinz Drügh] * "Was weiter erfolgte, brauchen wir nicht zu melden ..." Heinrich von Kleists "Poetik der Unschärfe". [Christian Metz] * "O tief, tief sinkt die Schale des Glückes" Seine zwei letzten Jahre in Berlin: Kleist als Herausgeber der ersten Berliner Tageszeitung - Das heiter inszenierte Ende am Kleinen Wannsee. [Lisette Nichtweiss] * Von der wundersamen Vermehrung der Kleist-Lektüre. Im Gedenkjahr 2011 erweitern neue Bücher und Biografien das Wissen über den Dichter und Dramatiker. [Lisette Nichtweiss]
Introduction: This study presents our online-teaching material within the k-MED project (Knowledge in Medical Education) at the university of Marburg. It is currently organized in five e-learning modules: cytogenetics, chromosomal aberrations, formal genetics, fundamentals of molecular diagnostics, and congenital abnormalities and syndromes. These are basic courses intended to do the educational groundwork, which will enable academic teachers to concentrate on more sophisticated topics during their lectures. Methods: The e-learning modules have been offered to a large group of about 3300 students during four years at the Faculty of Medicine in Marburg. The group consists of science students (human biology) and medical students in the preclinical or the clinical period, respectively. Participants were surveyed on acceptance by evaluating user-tracking data and questionnaires. Results and Conclusion: Analysis of the evaluation data proofs the broad acceptance of the e-learning modules during eight semesters. The courses are in stable or even increasing use from winter term 2005/06 until spring term 2009. Conclusion: Our e-learning-model is broadly accepted among students with different levels of knowledge at the Faculty of Medicine in Marburg. If the e-learning courses are maintained thoroughly, minor adaptations can increase acceptance and usage even furthermore. Their use should be extended to the medical education of technical assistances and nurses, who work in the field of human genetics. Keywords: Human genetics, e-Learning, evaluation, multimedia
The aim of this paper is to examine what has been the role of information provision to the market throughout the crisis. We consider two main sources of information to the market, financial statements and information provided by credit rating agencies. We examine how these sources of information work and the effectiveness of their disclosure process during the crisis. Contrary to the commonly held view, fair value accounting did not have a major impact on the crisis development and severity. However, the structure and lack of accountability of credit rating agencies had a profound impact on their incentives, which may have jeopardized the accuracy of the whole rating process. We claim that the crisis experience has changed the way we think about information as well as market discipline and discuss policy implications and proposals for regulation. JEL Classification: G01, G24, G28, M41, M48
Prepared by Christian Laux, Vienna University of Economics and Business & Center for Financial Studies (CFS) for the “Workshop on Liquidity Premium in Solvency II: Conceptual and Measurement Issues,” DNB Amsterdam, March 18, 2011. The insurance industry and the Committee of European Insurance and Occupational Pension Supervisors (CEIOPS) propose to add a liquidity premium to the risk-free rate when discounting liabilities in times of financial turmoil. The objective is to counterbalance adverse effects on regulatory capital due to a decrease in asset values caused by illiquidity in a crisis. As I argue in this note, although the motive might be sensible, the proposal to add a liquidity premium when discounting liabilities is not the right approach to tackle the problem.
An annotated world catalogue and bibliography of the cucujoid family Propalticidae (Coleoptera) is presented. Each taxon is accompanied by a complete taxonomic history, including a full annotated synonymy with original references cited, and current location and status of primary types. The name Slipinskogenia nom. nov. is proposed to replace Discogenia Kolbe, 1897, junior homonym of Discogenia LeConte, 1866, resulting in 11 new combinations. A key is provided for separation of the two genera included in the family. Complete published and previously unpublished distributional data are given.
Versetzen, Einfügen, Einwachsen – das sind die Umschreibungen der Aufpfropfung als einer Agrartechnik, mit der seit der Antike […] Pflanzen veredelt werden. Veredeln heißt dabei zum einen: Kultivieren, impliziert also eine qualitative Steigerung durch einen technischen Eingriff; zum anderen bedeutet Veredeln aber auch Konservieren: durch ein Verfahren der nicht-sexuellen, künstlichen Fortpflanzung Kopien herstellen und so das Veredelte in Kopie bewahren. Die Reproduktion fungiert mithin als eine Art ›Massenspeicher‹ des bereits Kultivierten. […] Im Folgenden möchte ich […] der Frage nachgehen, inwiefern sich Kultur als Pfropfung und Pfropfung als Kulturmodell begreifen lässt: In welcher Weise und in welchem Zusammenhang wurde und wird die Aufpfropfung als Metapher für kulturelle Prozesse, Praktiken und Produkte in Dienst genommen? Wie setzt sich der Begriff des Pfropfens gegen den momentan fast inflationär gebrauchten Begriff des Hybridisierens ab? Welchen intellektuellen Mehrwert bringt der Rekurs auf den Pfropfungsbegriff für poetologische, philosophische, interkulturelle, aber auch wissenschaftsgeschichtliche Fragestellungen? Anders gewendet: Was trägt das Aufpfropfungsmodell zum Verständnis von Kultur als Kulturprozess bei?
In this paper we challenge the view that corporate bonds are always arm’s length debt. We analyze the effect of bond ratings on the stock price return to acquirers in M&A transactions, which tend to have significant effects on creditor wealth. We find acquirers abnormal returns to be higher if they are unrated, controlling for a wide variety of other effects identified in the literature. Tracing the difference in returns to distinct managerial decisions, we find that, everything else constant, rated firms increase their leverage in takeover transactions by less than their unrated counterparts. Consistent with a significant role for rating agencies, we find monitoring effects to be strongest when acquirer bonds are rated at the borderline between investment grade and junk. Finally, we are able to empirically exclude a large number of alternative explanations for the empirical regularities that we uncover. JEL Classification: G21, G24, G32, G34 Keywords: Acquisitions, Credit Ratings, Mergers and Acquisitions, Arm’s Length Debt, Abnormal Returns
Innovation oder Wiederkehr? : Das Methodenspektrum im Kurzzeitgedächtnis der Literaturwissenschaft
(2011)
In recent years, a pronounced methodological self-reflexiveness has been established as a standard in studying language and literature. Methodological pluralism and a specific methodological adaptation to the objects of study are a characteristic feature of present-day literary and cultural studies. In keeping with this tendency, introductory textbooks on literary studies often provide an overview of the broad discussion and spectrum of methods and their seemingly boundless possible applications and the options for combining them. But this is not the first time that the boundaries of our discipline have undergone dissolution. Beginning with early examples of accounts of methodological variety and methodological reflection (Oscar Benda, Harry Maync, Emil Ermatinger, Julius Petersen), the present article discusses the ways in which an awareness of a surprisingly long tradition of discussions concerning methodological competence affects the present self-conception and identity of philology.
This paper outlines a new method for using qualitative information to analyze the monetary policy strategy of central banks. Quantitative assessment indicators that are extracted from a central bank's public statements via the balance statistic approach are employed to estimate a Taylor-type rule. This procedure allows to directly capture a policymaker's assessments of macroeconomic variables that are relevant for its decision making process. As an application of the proposed method the monetary policy of the Bundesbank is re-investigated with a new dataset. One distinctive feature of the Bundesbank's strategy consisted of targeting growth in monetary aggregates. The analysis using the proposed method provides evidence that the Bundesbank indeed took into consideration monetary aggregates but also real economic activity and inflation developments in its monetary policy strategy since 1975. JEL Classification: E52, E58, N14 Keywords: Monetary Policy Rule, Statement Indicators, Bundesbank, Monetary Targeting