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This paper deals with complex prefix-particle structures like aberkennen in German. First, it presents a scheme to analyse these double complex words from a synchronic point of view. Second, it is shown for words with ab-, that this type of word formation is typical for Middle and Early Modern High German and reasons for the decrease are discussed.
This paper investigates the spelling of compound nouns in a corpus comprised of Early New High German protocols of witch trials from the 16th and 17th century. Previous studies on the spelling of compound nouns in printed texts have found that scribes increasingly write compound nouns as one word during the 16th century. However, this paper will show that there is still much variation in handwritten texts from that time. The study focusses on identifying factors that lead scribes to write compound nouns either as one word or two, such as linking elements and the use of upper case letters. I will argue that while there is more variation in the spelling of compound nouns in the handwritten corpus than in printed texts, there still is a strong tendency to line up the boundaries of the graphemic and syntactic words.
This paper studies the morphological productivity of German N+N compounding patterns from a diachronic perspective. It argues that the productivity of compounds increases due to syntactic influence from genitive constructions ("improper compounds") in Early New High German. Both quantitative and qualitative productivity measures are adapted from derivational morphology and tested on compound data from the Mainz Corpus of (Early) New High German (1500–1710).
Im Folgenden versuche ich auf einige relevante Triebkräfte aufmerksam zu machen, die in den Mischungsprozessen in den Inselmundarten der frühneuhochdeutschen Zeit in Mähren wirksam wurden. In diesem Zusammenhang ist noch darauf hinzuweisen, was bereits implizit angedeutet wurde, dass sich die Tendenzen zur Mischung in Mähren auch deswegen etwas anders gestalten als im Binnenland, weil es sich um eine Sprachinselproblematik handelt. […] Vorausschicken möchte ich allerdings noch zwei Bemerkungen: 1. Ich konzentriere mich mehr auf die Triebkräfte der Mischung als auf das – wenn auch sprachtheoretisch sehr wichtige, so doch sehr komplizierte – Verhältnis zwischen der Mischung und dem Sprachausgleich und 2. stehen in meinen Ausführungen mehr sprachexterne als sprachinterne Motivationen im Vordergrund.
Based on translations of the Lord's Prayer (Mt 6, 9-13) and translations of other Bible passages dating from 1522 to 2017, Luther's working processes were reconstructed and his influence on later editions of his Bible was traced. It becomes evident that Luther wanted not 'merely' to translate the Bible, but to actually write a German Bible.
Frühneuhochdeutsche Register mündlicher Kommunikation in Olmützer Prozessakten von 1550 bis 1630
(2018)
One of the significant fields of institutional communication in the Early New High German period was the legal system. It can therefore be assumed that court documents from that era include elements of the contemporary spoken language. This paper presents the results of a corpus analysis examining 40 examples of two text types in court documents - witness accounts and testimonies of men tortured on the rack. Elements of the spoken language were found on the phonetic/phonological, morphological and syntactic/textual levels.
This paper takes as its starting point several statements by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz on the role of the German language in literary and scholarly life during Leibniz's era. The languages of scholarship were Latin and French, and Leibniz himself published in both these languages. German was the language of practical life. Viewed from this perspective, it was almost inevitable that medieval and early modern medicine - not in the sense of academic theory, but as a practical activity - developed its own fully-fledged specialist language, which was largely based on the vernacular. In her studies of the language of historical medicine, Lenka Vaňková has shown how such vernacular language was (and potentially still is) able to function in specialist domains
Kunínský rukopis R 16 obsahuje několik významných farmaceutických textů. Obsahový a jazykový rozbor traktátu o nádorech doplņuje předcházející jiţ zveřejněné publikace k tomuto rukopisu a poukazuje na provázanost témat, která jsou pojednána v jeho jednotlivých částech.
In diesem Aufsatz geht es um Sätze, deren Vorfeld mit einem anaphorischen d-Pronomen des Typs der/die/das besetzt ist und die - im Gegensatz zu Relativsätzen - Zweitstellung des Finitums aufweisen (d-V2-Sätze), wie in: "Ich habe einen Bekannten, der fährt einen Porsche." Sätze dieser Art werden in drei Perioden der Sprachgeschichte untersucht. Das Korpus besteht aus Texten aus dem Frühneuhochdeutschen, dem 19. Jahrhundert und der deutschen Gegenwartssprache. In allen drei Perioden kommen d-V2- Sätze vor. Sie werden nach ausgewählten Kriterien untersucht und mit Relativsätzen verglichen. Es werden Bedingungen formuliert, unter denen Relativsätze durch d-V2-Sätze substituiert werden können.
The Early New High German period is characterized by the reduction of the former four-stage ablaut system (e. g. werfen inf. - warf pret.sg. - wurfen pret. pl. - geworfen past part.) into a three-stage system (werfen- warf-geworfen), involving the loss of the number distinction in the preterite. In earlier approaches this development has been analyzed as being triggered by the functional discrepancy between three tenses and four ablaut stages, or, as put forward by natural morphologists, by the adaptation of the strong verb system to the more natural weak verb pattern. This paper rejects these hypotheses and argues that the development is best attributed to the growing stem allomorphy in the verbal system (due to phonological changes) and the remarkable decrease in the token frequency of verbs in the preterite, which lead to the loss of the least relevant category distinction, i. e. number.