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Master of science in international economics and economic policy : guidelines winter term 2017/2018
(2017)
HADES is a fixed target experiment using SIS18 heavy-ion beams. It investigates the microscopic properties of matter formed in heavy-ion, proton and pion - induced reactions in the 1-3.5 GeV/u energy regime. In 2014 HADES used a secondary pion beam produced by interaction between high-intensity nitrogen primary beam and a beryllium target. In these conditions beam losses, generated by slow extraction and beam transport to the experimental area, led to activation of the beam line elements and triggered radiation alarms. The primary beam intensity had to be reduced and the beam optics modified in order to keep radiation levels within the allowed limits. Similar beam conditions are requested by HADES experiment for upcoming run in 2018 and in the following years. Therefore, a number of measures have been proposed to improve beam transmission and quality. These measures are: additional shielding, additional beam instrumentation, modification of beam optics and increase of vacuum chambers' apertures in critical locations. The optics study and preliminary results of FLUKA simulations for optimization of location of loss detectors are presented.
Due to the massive parallel operation modes at GSI accelerators, a lot of accelerator setup and re-adjustment has to be made by operators during a beam time. This is typically done manually using potentiometers and is very time-consuming. With the FAIR project the complexity of the accelerator facility increases further and for efficiency reasons it is recommended to establish a high level of automation for future operation. Modern Accelerator Control Systems allow a fast access to both, accelerator settings and beam diagnostics data. This provides the opportunity to implement algorithms for automated adjustment of e.g. magnet settings to maximize transmission and optimize required beam parameters. The fast-switching magnets in GSI-beamlines are an optimal basis for an automatic exploration of the parameter-space. The optimization of the parameters for the SIS18 multi-turn-injection using a genetic algorithm has already been simulated*. The first results of our automatized online parameter optimization at the CRYRING@ESR injector are presented here.
The article presents in its first part approaches to the concept of text genres and some milestones in the evolution of text linguistics. The aim of this linguistics consists in the research of different ways of constructing texts, regardles of style and genre. Starting from the premise that some textual elements are indices for the text genres, the article exposes some observations regarding delimitations between text genres and research approaches from the intercultural and interdisciplinary perspective.
Life in Saxon and Romanian neighbourly communities in the common homeland of Transylvania is reflected in the vocabulary of the Transylvanian-Saxon vernaculars. This lingual contact results in “collective bilingualism”, a term used in the respective specialist literature. This contribution aims at the analysis of the loan verbs from a semantic viewpoint, at their classification according to their phonetic levelling to the vernacular phonetic system and at giving recapitulatory comments concerning the loan words’ integration process. The case examples are taken from the Transylvanian-Saxon Dictionary, from the North-Transylvanian-Saxon Dictonary and other specialist literature.
The present paper accumulates information and studies the etymology of the Romanian ethnonym “Aleman” and its versions, beginning from their geographical spread throughout Romania and Germany. The Romanian surnames “Aleman” and “Aloman” (highest prevalence in the area of Transylvania, in the Sibiu and Alba counties), as well as “Aliman”, “Alimănescu”, “Alaman” and “Alman” (highest prevalence in the areas of Muntenia, Oltenia and Dobrogea) do not come from the French term “allman” as their German equivalents “Allman”, “Allmang”, “Lallemand” do, which are concentrated in the Western Germany (in the Saarland, Rhineland-Palatinate German federal districts), due to the fact that there are no correspondents to the surnames of the Transylvanian Saxons. Therefore, the origin of these Romanian surnames is more likely to relate to the Turkish term “aleman” (see Iordan, 1983, p. 25 and 23), which also refers to the Germanic tribe of alamans or alemans, having the same meaning of “German”. The geographical proliferation of the “Aleman” and “Aliman” versions of the term is specific to the East to West population migration phenomena. These versions are the only ones existent in today’s Germany. Thus the “Aleman” and “Aliman” surnames are to be found in strongly industrialized centers such as Munich, Stuttgart, Karlsruhe, Mannheim, Wiesbaden, Bielefeld, Hamburg and not in the area of the German-French frontier (see following map).
Based on the specific use of fixed expressions in everyday communication or in written messages, the paper presents modifications of reiterated discourse (suppresion, addition, substitution, permutation) that are illustrated by adapted common phrases and innovations of text types with formalized language.
In our “House Europe” the exchange of ideas is going on intensively and the multi-cultural societies are in continuous transformation. An interesting example for cultural transfer in a multi-lingual and multi-confessional society is the reception of the St. Martin’s Day combined with the lantern procession organized by the German schools in Transylvania. The schools with German teaching language in Romania became a practice area for intercultural communication. Since 1997, first grade students at German schools in Romania learn from a new reading primer. One of the reading passages, “Our Lantern Festival”, initiated the spreading of a feast which had not been popular before neither with the German speaking minority of the Transylvanian Saxons, nor with the Romanian majority. The Lantern Festival is closely linked to the celebration of St. Martin, who is a European figure of high symbolic power. We can allege that the cultural diversity is an additional value for Europe. In the era of globalization, when migration processes and cultural hybridization are getting more intense, the intercultural communication has to adjust its inherited paradigm to the contemporary dynamics and heterogeneity of cultures.
Undoubtedly, the episode referring to the ,Minnegrotteʼ contains the most different interpretative approaches from the entire Tristan narrative. It is nevertheless possible that many motives and methods of procedure specific to various traditions (antique and Christian, in particular) merge into one unity, in order to legitimize the extramarital relationship between Tristan and Isolde in a secluded space which subordinates itself to a completely different view of the world. When contemplating the parallelization to the sacred love, Gottfried implies that the lovers find themselves in a place, which serves them as shelter, and within this place only the harmony generated by love may prevail. This creates an alternative reality in the Minnegrotte, where the transition between Marke’s court and the ,Lustortʼ can be observed. Providing a detailed description of the latter (with the main focus on the food miracle and the autobiographical excursus), the author has succeeded in bringing together the conceptual topological features of the locus amoenus, the ,love cathedralʼ, and the paradisus, in order to include the real ,minneʼ in the memoria.
Auf Wolke Siebenbürgen … : eine Kindheit voller Gefahren. Die „Deportation“ und Rettung der Mutter
(2017)
Transylvania is a region that frequently appears in the texts of the German speaking writers from Romania. Walther Gottfried Seidner‘s story makes no exception. In the center is the narrator, a kindergarten child, who explores the history of Europe experienced from a subjective point of view. His attention is directed especially to the mother, who is in danger of being deported to the Soviet Union. The red thread of the narrative is interrupted by retrospectives, which complete the image of Transylvania at the beginning of the year 1945. This analysis refers to several aspects within the original text: the Cibin River and its significance to the community of Sibiu, the Christian cross and the swastika, the German National Socialism and the Communism, the deportation of the German minority.
It is well known that the media has strongly shaped the life of the people in many respects and that it exerts a sustained influence on our value systems and ways of thinking. Thus it also shows a clear extension of the human life. By far less famously however is the fact that nowadays media is the basis for all forms of mental development. This is why the relation between the people and the media is extremely tightened. Nevertheless, this ambivalent relation offers multi-complex material for the literary inspiration. Addressing the topic of the media in the literature combines two aspects ritically: On the one hand it reflects the human behaviour compared with the media and, on the other hand, it underlines emphatically the intermedial writing itself. My speech will be dedicated to the question: how these both aspects interact with each other. The narrative text of Alfred Andersch’s Erinnerte Gestalten will serve the answers to my topic. In this three prosaic texts Andersch shows the subject of the intermedial writing from different perspectives and he discusses certain human reactions to the media.
Erwin Neustädter was a novellist and poet of the German minority in Romania, who published two novels and some poems in the period between the two World Wars. After WW II he has been inprisoned several times. I want to present in my text his report about the time in prison between 1961 and 1963. The typoscript of about 200 pages has been found after his and his wife’s death in 1995 and has been published by the family in 2015. I want to present this book to a larger audience, because it is an authentic report on the situation during the 1950s and 1960s in communist Romania, which doesn’t focus on the political aspects of detention but on the psychological ones.
Fiktion und Fakten am Beispiel Carmen Elisabeth Puchianus Prosaband "Amsel – schwarzer Vogel"
(2017)
Literary productions live in a multi-dimensional context. On the one hand, the author and his/her reality play a significant role in the creation of the text; on the other hand, the reference to reality takes place through reception, that is, in a dimension where the author and the text are powerless. I would like to research on Carmen Elisabeth Puchianu’s stories Amsel–schwarzer Vogel (München 1995) from this point of view, as some texts have triggered outrageous reactions. These can be explained to some extent as a confusion between fact and fiction as well as a rejection of new literary discourses both in the German literature in Romania and Romanian literature after the political changes in 1989.
The present contribution deals with the three most recent novels of the Romanian-born Swiss Author Catalin Dorian Florescu: Zaira [Zaira] (2008), Jacob beschließt zu lieben [Jacob Decides to Love] (2011) and Der Mann, der das Glück bringt [The Man who Brings Happiness] (2016). The author unfolds in these novels family sagas spanning centuries which make the destiny of migrants between the poles of east and west a subject of discussion. In contrast to Florescu’s three former novels the reader can detect in these family novels the tendency towards a folkloristic presentation of a multicultural ambience at the expense of an intercultural involvement in the narrative depiction.
The fulfillment of a century since the birth of writer and philologist Georg Scherg (1917-2002) is a good opportunity to recall his life and work. Born in Brasov, Scherg arrived in Sibiu only accidentally. Only later in his life he stated here for a longer time. He was appointed Head of the German Department at the recently established University of History and Philology in Sibiu in 1970. For two decades, until 1990, he had a fruitful activity, both as a teacher and as a prolific author and laborious translator of Romanian literature. He participates in research projects and symposiums of philological literary history, his efforts in this field being rewarded by his appointment as doctor honoris causa of the University „Lucian Blaga“ (1997). He was also involved in Sibiu’s literary life, leading for a long period of time a circle of artists attracted to
the poetic creation.
The present paper aims to analyse the linguistic forms and the discourse strategies used in the written press of the 1950’s in order to unmask the political class enemy and thus to support and validate the political power. The cited examples are taken from the newspaper Neuer Weg and the newspaper Scînteia, which report in many editions show trials of persons who are considered by the political authority to belong to the group of class opponents, those persons being presented in the journalistic texts as class enemy. The language use shows aggressiveness and virulence, schematized linguistic constructions and repetitions, while certain specific features can be identified at lexical, morphosyntactical and pragmatic level. The authoress takes the theoretical stance of sociolinguistics and pragmalinguistics in assessing language facts.
Referenz und Prominenz
(2017)
This article refers to a number of translators, who translate from German to Romanian and also to the bibliography of their translations Georg Aescht, Theochar Alexi, Verona Bratesch (Brateş), Maria Dima, Sextil-Iosif Puşcariu, Daniel Friedrich Rhein, Arnold Roth, Christian W. Schenk
The bilingual phraseography with German contains significant shortcomings regarding both the conceptional orientation of the dictionary and the structure of the dictionary articles. The present paper reflects upon the relevance of certain criteria that are decisive for the quality of a dictionary and aims at showing to what extent the description of the selected phraseologisms is adequate with regard to potential users and the specifics of phraseological phenomena.
The article deals with place names/toponyms in Slovene and German, two languages that were in contact since the 8th century. Local names of geographical features are endonyms and differ from the foreign names (exonyms) for the same feature. Since both languages existed at the same territory because of the political reasons, the Slovene ethnic territory was under a strong influence of German language. Because of that German has a lot of german exonyms for Slovene geographical features and the Slovene language has a lot exonyms for geographical features on german territory. For the bilingual region of Austria where a small Slovene minority lives the bilingual endonyms are typical. The pairs of German and Slovene bilingual toponyms were generated also for international regions. The author discusses the types of bilingual geographical names. The knowledge of such bilingual place names is relevant for many issues such as translation and intercultural linguistics.
The DACH concept is meant to offer both german teachers and german learners a theoretical approach for introducing information about german culture and civilization during language classes. It is based on the idea of pluricentricity, meaning that german language is definded on a cultural level by all places where it is spoken, considering Germany, Austria and Switzerland as it main centers. In the following article various course books and exam training materials are beign analysed with the intent to depict the way this concept is transfered from theory into practice.
Using literature in culture and civilization classes enables the contact to foreign culture. Literature does not merely copy reality, but has its own rules of story telling, its own way of changing the perspective on reality, of correcting cliches, in omitting something, so as for the reader to become curious and fill in these „gaps”. In this paper, a fragment from a novel shows how a german businessman arriving in interbellic Romania finds that time is measured differently in those two countries.
This paper is a comparative imagological analysis of the novels Die Schrift des Freundes (1998) by Barbara Frischmuth and Über Land (2016) by Hannah Dübgen. It aims to examine the direct communication with the stranger because the discussion with the stranger includes the discussion with the Self. The encounter with other religions and cultures opens up new ways for the self, to understand one’s own self from different angles. In this context, this study is to analyze the two novels with respect to interpretive models of experiencing the strangeness by Ortfried Schäffter and tries to answer the question about the influence of the stranger on the Self and the complementarity between them.
The present article encompasses the bibliography of Prof. Horst Schuller, researcher, literature Historian and translator.
"ein wort / ergibt das andere / wort" : über die Majuskelschrift in den Gedichten von Gerhard Eike
(2017)
Gerhard Eike’s poetry volume, 6 & 60 konelliptische Landschaften, published by the Kriterion Publishing House in Bucharest in 1975, follows the trend of German language literature of Romania of those times, in terms of literary experimentation. Eike’s primary technique consists of capitalizing certain words, sentences or syllables, thus trying to take them out of the context and recontextualize them in new semantic frameworks. The author does not always use the mechanism in a befitting manner, but there are plenty of felicitous cases when language is refreshed and the internal relations of the text are redefined.
Erwin Wittstock (1899-1962), the writer of German expression from Romania, has created a monumental body of works (short stories and novels), which stem from German history and culture from Transylvania. The characters he created are projections of his own life. His novel Januar ’45 oder Die höhere Pflicht, reviewed in the present article from an intercultural point of view, is dedicated to the problem of deportation, a topic which was taboo in the communist regime. His work on the topic is shaped into a novel in Balzacian style, the author writing from the perspective of an eye witness. The problematic invites the description of power, of terror and of repression in totalitarian states. As member of the German community in Romania he depicts the Transylvanian multiethnic and multicultural society in his fiction. The elements of interculturality in his novel can be summarized as: social interethnic relations, imagology, respectively the outlining of the image of otherness, also on a linguistic level.
The intercultural novel of Julya Rabinowich The Earth-eater is fed with complex motivs and intertextual allusions, shows the physical and psychological ruin of a migrant, forced by social conditions to sell her body to survive. Closely interwoven are memories of her childhood and her previous, bitter life. Rabinowich gives an insight into the hardened and thoroughly abysmal emotional world of her protagonist, who belongs to those who „get up and go on”, but also into the capitalist value system, which judges man according to his productive power. In the end, the novel leaves the reality plane and echoes into the surreal to signal the complete descent of the figure into madness and death. In order to better illustrate the psychosis caused by uprooting and abandonment, Julya Rabinowich makes bonds in the Jewish literary traditions.
Es sind die Persönlichkeiten, die die Anwesenden in der Frankfurter Paulskirche bei der Verleihung des Paul Ehrlich- und Ludwig Darmstaedter-Preises gleichermaßen beeindrucken und mitreißen: Vollblut-Wissenschaftler, die mit Begeisterung und Neugier in ihren Laboren nach Neuem suchen und damit Perspektiven für die Heilung von Krankheiten schaffen. In diesem Jahr wurden das US-amerikanische Forscherehepaar Prof. Yuan Chang (57) und Prof. Patrick Moore (60) mit dem Hauptpreis ausgezeichnet, sowie Dr. Volker Busskamp (36) mit dem Nachwuchspreis.
Die Stiftung Polytechnische Gesellschaft vergibt Stipendien an herausragende Nachwuchswissenschaftler, die Lust haben, über den eigenen Tellerrand zu schauen,