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The gigas species group of the subgenus Canthidium (Neocanthidium) is defi ned and described. This species group is composed of three described species [C. gigas Balthasar, 1939, Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including intrusions into Cerrado, C. bokermanni (Martínez et al., 1964), Chaco and western Cerrado in Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina, and C. kelleri (Martínez et al., 1964), Brazilian Cerrado and neighbouring open areas] and three new species: Canthidium stofeli sp. nov. from the western and southern regions of the Brazilian Amazon, Canthidium feeri sp. nov. from French Guiana, and Canthidium ayri sp. nov. from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We present descriptions and redescriptions, illustrations, an identifi cation key and comments on the distributions of the species of the gigas group.
A group of Amazonian harvestmen is recognized and described as Amazochroma gen. nov. This taxon includes Discocyrtus carvalhoi Mello-Leitão, 1941 (type species), the only species of Discocyrtus previously thought to occur in Amazonia, and Amazochroma pedroi gen. et sp. nov., described here from the Brazilian states of Acre and Rondônia. New records are added for Amazochroma carvalhoi gen. et comb. nov, expanding its distribution from the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso northwards also to Pará and Amazonas in Brazil and additionally French Guiana and Suriname. Diagnostic features of Amazochroma gen. nov. include: trichromatic pattern of legs, dry marks on the dorsal scutum and base of legs and diastema in the row of macrosetae C of the penis ventral plate. A morphological maximum parsimony analysis (1022 scorings; 16 taxa; 64 characters) is performed to test whether Amazochroma gen. nov. is a member of Discocyrtus and if the traditional allocation of Discocyrtus in Pachylinae is defendable. A clade is retrieved containing three groups: Amazochroma carvalhoi gen. et comb. nov, here described as a new subfamily of Gonyleptidae - Roeweriinae subfam. nov. Discocyrtanus Roewer, 1929 and Roeweria Mello-Leitão, 1923 are accordingly here transferred from Pachylinae to Roeweriinae subfam. nov.
Adenomera simonstuarti is a poorly known species complex inhabiting western Amazonia. Here we reevaluate the species diversity within this complex based on previously documented and newly acquired molecular and phenotypic data. We also redescribe the calling pattern of the nominal species based on the original recording (Peru) and a new recording (Brazil). Our results indicate eight geographically structured genetic lineages and the nominal species with a multi-note call pattern. This is the first association of calls and DNA sequence from a voucher specimen, thereby enabling the assignment of A. simonstuarti to one specific lineage within the complex. The multi-note call was not previously reported and represents an important additional diagnostic character within Adenomera. The geographic distribution of A. simonstuarti is substantially narrowed down to the southwestern portion of the entire geographic range recognized for the complex. The lack of taxonomic resolution in the complex is a major conservation concern by preventing us from evaluating the potential threats and extinction risks of each of the lineages. Future research should follow the protocol of combining calls and DNA sequences associated with voucher specimens as a means to address the taxonomic status of genetic lineages within the A. simonstuarti complex.
Macrobrachium australe is an amphidromous prawn living in the insular freshwater systems of the Indo-Pacific. Because it possesses few informative morphological characters, that often vary from one habitat to another, M. australe has produced much taxonomic confusion and has historically been described under eight synonyms. Here, 53 specimens collected throughout the Indo-Pacific under the name M. australe were phylogenetically and morphologically examined. Results revealed that what has been called M. australe belongs to at least two distinct species: M. australe, distributed from the Southwest Indian Ocean to the Central Pacific Ocean, and a cryptic species potentially restricted to the Northwest Pacific Ocean, here identified as M. ustulatum, which until now was considered as a junior synonym. Although they are not quite found in the same habitat (lentic-lotic), the presence of these distinct, and reciprocally monophyletic entities in the same rivers on the islands of Palau and Santo strongly favors the hypothesis of two reproductively isolated entities. Six morphological characters, including the proportions of the joints of the male second pereiopod, the shape of the epistome lobe and the armature of the fourth thoracic sternite, are evidenced as diagnostic. A neotype of M. australe is designated and deposited in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris.
In shelled molluscs, assigning valid species names to independent evolutionary lineages can be a difficult task. Most original descriptions are based on empty shells and the high levels of variation in shape, color and pattern in some groups can make the shell a poor proxy for species-level identification. The deep-sea gastropod turbinid genus Bolma is one such example, where species-level identification based on shell characters alone is challenging. Here, we show that in Bolma both traditional and molecular taxonomic treatments are associated with a number of pitfalls that can lead to biased inferences about species diversity. Challenges derive from the few phylogenetically informative characters of shells, insufficient information provided in original descriptions and sampling artefacts, which at the molecular level in spatially fragmented organisms can blur distinctions between genetically divergent populations and separate species. Based on a comprehensive dataset combining molecular, morphological and distributional data, this study identified several cases of shell-morphological plasticity and convergence. Results also suggest that what was thought to be a set of distinct, range-restricted species corresponds instead to a smaller number of more widespread species. Overall, using an appropriate sampling design, including type localities, allowed us to assign available names to evolutionarily significant units.
An alphabetical list of 352 type lots of molluscs housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo is presented following the standards of the previous list by Dornellas & Simone (2011), with a few adjustments. Important items listed herein include types of species described after the previous compilation, as well as recently acquired paratypes of Asian Pomatiopsidae and Diplommatinidae (Gastropoda) taxa described by Rolf A.M. Brandt (1960s), P. Temcharoen (1970s) and W.J.M. Maassen (2000s), all of which belonged to the private collection of Jens Hemmen, Wiesbaden, Germany. Relevant items also include types of recently described species coming from the French- Brazilian Marion Dufresne MD55 expedition, and other types deposited by researchers from Brazil and the world. A list of authors and photographs of specimens are also provided.
In scholarly discussions, ancient didactic poetry is sometimes considered a 'technical' form of literature. The 'technical' aspect of didactic poems would seem to concern mainly their contents, not the poems' form, which is described instead as literary. And so, didactic poetry appears to be both 'technical' and, at the same time, more than just technical. To what extent were didactic poems considered 'artistic' in our modern sense? Or should we call them simply 'technical' poems in the sense that they deal with 'techne' as a form of practical expertise? Was the 'art' of ancient didactic poems one specific domain that ancient audiences easily identified? Or was this somewhat unclear? These are some of the key questions that I am concerned with, as I wish to explore to what extent the ancient poets themselves utilize the idea of 'techne' and what is the added value that the concept of 'techne' brings to their poetic works. I will present three authors to address these questions, namely in order: Ovid, whom I take as example of a poet who grandly advertises the presence of 'ars' in his poem; then, Archestratus of Gela, the first, partly extant poet to write 'didactic poems' in Greece in the manner that will impose itself in the following centuries, and an early example of how this poetry engages with what idea(s) about 'ars'; and, lastly, Aratus of Soli, the likely most canonical author of this type of poetry in Antiquity. This selection of authors, to be sure, does not provide a full picture of didactic poetry in Antiquity, with all its peculiarities. But it does have some paradigmatic meaning for two reasons. First, Archestratus and Aratus are significant within the history of didactic poetry, as I anticipated, because the former is a pioneer in this genre and the latter is a widely popular and influential author. Thus, analysis of their poems is useful to understand also certain features of the didactic genre more in general. Ovid's "Ars Amatoria", on the other hand, while perhaps being less influential for the whole history of the genre, becomes paradigmatic in so far as one explores the issue of didactic 'art'. For, this work features the topic of 'techne' much more extensively than many other didactic poems. But before I move to these authors, I wish to make a preamble about ancient didactic poetry as genre. For one might then wonder whether these questions about didactic poetry and 'techne' would find an easy solution if one considered first the meaning and category of the 'didactic' - a name that by itself seems to evoke the idea of knowledge and the sharing of a certain form of expertise.
Se presenta una sinopsis de los Phycitinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) de Chile, incluyendo listado sistemático con su distribución geográfi ca. Se registra la presencia de Inverina suizensis Neunzig y Goodson, 1992, por primera vez en Chile y se describe una nueva especie del género Homoeographa Ragonot, 1888.
Una nueva especie del género Eugnosta Hübner, E. lankinae n.sp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), es descrita para la Provincia de Elqui, Chile. Se entregan los caracteres morfológicos del adulto y las fi guras de la genitalia masculina. Además se discute su posición sistemática con dos especies congéneres Neotropicales.
The description of a new species of Kessleria (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) is presented, based on male and female specimens obtained from laboratory rearing of material collected on their host, Maytenus boaria, of the central region of Chile.
Meiofauna sampling in the proximity of Syd-Hällsö Island (Strömstad, Sweden) revealed a new species of Kinorhyncha from the Skagerrak. The species, Setaphyes elenae sp. nov., is distinguished from its congeners by the arrangement of the middorsal cuticular specializations (it has shortened, distally rounded middorsal processes on segments 1 and 9 and middorsal elevations throughout segments 2–8), as well as by the presence of paired laterodorsal setae on segments 3, 5, 7 and 9 and ventromedial setae on segments 3, 5 and 7 in both males and females. The finding of a new species from the northeastern Atlantic Ocean, provides new valuable information for the recently established genus in the Allomalorhagida.
Three new species of Willowsia collected from Guizhou Province, China are described here: W. sexachaeta sp. nov., W. christianseni sp. nov., and W. tanae sp. nov. They have spinulate scales on the body. Colour pattern and dorsal chaetotaxy are the main diagnostic characters for these species. A table summarizing the main differences between all Chinese Willowsia species is given.
The generic status of Winitia Chaowasku (Annonaceae Juss., Miliuseae Hook.f. & Thomson) is reaffirmed by an extensive phylogenetic reconstruction using seven plastome regions (matK, ndhF, rbcL, ycf1 exons; trnL intron; psbA-trnH, trnL-trnF intergenic spacers) and including, among others, seven accessions of Winitia plus two accessions of its sister group, Stelechocarpus Hook.f. & Thomson. The results disclosed a maximally supported clade of Winitia, as well as of Stelechocarpus. The sister relationship of the two genera is still rather poorly supported and the branch uniting them is very short, whereas the branches leading to Winitia and to Stelechocarpus are relatively long, corresponding to their considerable morphological differences. Additionally, in Miliuseae there is a particular indel of eight continuous base pairs in the trnL-trnF intergenic spacer potentially diagnostic for generic discrimination, i.e., members in the same genus possess the same indel structure (absence or presence of a gap), and this indel differentiates Winitia from Stelechocarpus. Winitia cauliflora (Scheff.) Chaowasku appears polyphyletic and Winitia longipes (Craib) Chaowasku & Aongyong comb. nov. based on Stelechocarpus longipes Craib is consequently proposed. Furthermore, our phylogenetic data support a new species, Winitia thailandana Chaowasku & Aongyong sp. nov. from southern Thailand, which is described and illustrated. A key to genera in the sageraeoid clade (Sageraea-Winitia-Stelechocarpus) and a key to the four species of Winitia are provided.
The molecular phylogeny of Miliusa (Annonaceae) is reconstructed, with 27 (of ca. 50) species included, using a combination of seven plastid markers (rbcL exon, trnL intron, trnL-F spacer, matK exon, ndhF exon, psbA-trnH spacer, and ycf1 exon) constituting ca. 7 kb. In addition, two new species of Miliusa are described from the Malesian area: M. butonensis sp. nov. from Buton Island, Indonesia and M. viridifl ora sp. nov. from Papua New Guinea. The former is included in the molecular phylogenetic analysis. The reconstructed phylogeny corresponds well to the informal morphological grouping proposed earlier. A revised key to 13 Austro-Malesian species of Miliusa is provided.
Five species of the terrestrial diatom genus Luticola D.G.Mann were found during a taxonomic survey of two small volcanic islands, Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul (Southern Indian Ocean). Apart from the two already known Luticola species L. beyensii Van de Vijver et al. and L. subcrozetensis Van de Vijver et al., two new species are described: L. ivetana Chattová & Van de Vijver sp. nov. and L. vancampiana Chattová & Van de Vijver sp. nov. Finally, one, up to now unknown, Luticola species is briefly discussed and illustrated. Detailed morphological descriptions of these taxa are provided based on both light and scanning electron microscopy observations. Morphological features of the new species are compared to morphologically similar taxa, and notes on their ecology and biogeography are added.
An overview of Nepenthes in the Philippines is presented. Four new species, Nepenthes extincta sp. nov., N. kitanglad sp. nov., N. kurata sp. nov. and N. leyte sp. nov. are described and illustrated from the Philippines and placed in the Nepenthes alata group. An updated circumscription and key to the species of the group is provided. Delimitation and comparison with the Regiae group is given. All four of the newly described species are assessed as threatened using the International Union for the Conservation of Nature 2012 standard, and one, N. extincta sp. nov. is considered likely to be already extinct due to open-cast mining. Logging and conversion of forest habitat are thought to be the main threats to the other three species.
Nemoura Latreille, 1796 and Amphinemura Ris, 1902 are the two largest genera of Nemouridae in China. In this paper, two new species are described and illustrated from China: Nemoura lixiana sp. nov. from Sichuan Province and Amphinemura jiaoheensis sp. nov. from Jilin Province. The two new species are diagnostic from congeners by the genitalic structures in males and females.
This paper describes a set of guidelines for the citation of zoological and botanical specimens in the European Journal of Taxonomy. The guidelines stipulate controlled vocabularies and precise formats for presenting the specimens examined within a taxonomic publication, which allow for the rich data associated with the primary research material to be harvested, distributed and interlinked online via international biodiversity data aggregators. Herein we explain how the EJT editorial standard was defined and how this initiative fits into the journal's project to semantically enhance its publications using the Plazi TaxPub DTD extension. By establishing a standardised format for the citation of taxonomic specimens, the journal intends to widen the distribution of and improve accessibility to the data it publishes. Authors who conform to these guidelines will benefit from higher visibility and new ways of visualising their work. In a wider context, we hope that other taxonomy journals will adopt this approach to their publications, adapting their working methods to enable domain-specific text mining to take place. If specimen data can be efficiently cited, harvested and linked to wider resources, we propose that there is also the potential to develop alternative metrics for assessing impact and productivity within the natural sciences.
Odonata records from Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve and the surrounding area in Johor, Peninsular Malaysia are presented. A total of 44 Odonata species from eight families were collected in the area in October 2012. All of these records are new to Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve. Indothemis carnitica is a new record for Malaysia.
New records of Odonata from Kelantan, Malaysia, with a checklist of species recorded from the state
(2017)
We report here the results from field trips to collect Odonata in the central and northeastern parts of Kelantan state, Peninsular Malaysia. Sixty eight species were collected, and 15 of these are new records for the state. Interesting species collected include Euphaea masoni Selys, 1879 and Leptogomphus tioman Choong, 2016. A checklist of the Odonata recorded from Kelantan with a total 131 confirmed species is given in an appendix.
We report here the results from field trips to collect Odonata in the northeastern parts of Kelantan state and the north of Terengganu state, Peninsular Malaysia. Eighty four species were collected, and four of these are new records for the state Kelantan and 10 are new records for the state of Terengganu. Notable records obtained from the field trips were Euphaea masoni, Coeliccia sameerae, Pseudagrion ?lalakense, Leptogomphus tioman and Macromia cupricincta. Checklists for Kelantan (140 species) and Terengganu (132 species) are given in an appendix.
Im Jahr 2019 wurde ein etwa 500 m langer Abschnitt der Trattnach in Schlüßlberg (Bundesland Oberösterreich) restrukturiert. Ziel der libellenkundlichen Untersuchungen in den Jahren 2016 und 2021 war die Bewertung dieser ökologischen Aufwertung durch ein Prae- und ein Post-Monitoring. Die Verbesserungsmaßnahmen führten zu einer Verdopplung der Artengesamtzahl (von fünf auf zehn) und der Zahl der sicher, wahrscheinlich und möglicherweise bodenständigen Arten (von vier auf acht). Es konnten im Jahr 2021 vier der fünf gewässertyp-spezifischen Leitarten nachgewiesen werden: Calopteryx splendens, Calopteryx virgo, Gomphus vulgatissimus und Onychogomphus forcipatus. Das bodenständige Vorkommen dieser Arten bestätigt den hyporhithral/epipotamalen Übergangscharakter der Trattnach in diesem Bereich und indiziert die Ausprägung von geeigneten Strömungs- und Substratverhältnissen sowie von entsprechenden Vegetationsverhältnissen im Uferbereich. Durch die wasserbaulichen Eingriffe wurden insbesondere die rheophilen Spezies gefördert, limnophile Begleitarten waren nur vereinzelt nachzuweisen. Grund dafür ist der weiterhin in überwiegendem Maß gestreckte Verlauf des Flusses und das damit verbundene weitgehende Fehlen lenitischer Bereiche.
Die Funde von Exuvien und Sichtungen frisch emergierter Individuen von G. vulgatissimus und O. forcipatus belegen, dass das Gewässer unmittelbar nach Fertigstellung der Bauarbeiten von diesen Arten mit zweijähriger Entwicklungszeit besiedelt wurde. Die Bewertung des libellen-ökologischen Zustandes basierte auf der Berechnung des Odonata-Fließgewässer-Zonations-Index, in dem allfällige Abweichungen des aktuellen Odonatafauna von einem gewässertyp-spezifischen Referenzzustand (Klasse 1, „sehr guter libellen-ökologischer Zustand“) verrechnet werden. Das Ergebnis ist die Grundlage für die Einstufung in eine der fünf Klassen des ökologischen Zustandes gemäß EU Wasserrahmenrichtlinie. Die Restrukturierungen führten zu einer Verbesserung der libellen-ökologischen Zustandes: der betroffene Abschnitt (vormals Klasse 3, „mäßig“) wurde genauso wie die drei darin liegenden Einzelstrecken (vormals Klassen 4, „unbefriedigend“, und 3, „mäßig“) mit „gut“ (Klasse 2) bewertet. Auch der libellen-ökologische Zustand einer von den Aufwertungsmaßnahmen nicht betroffenen regulierten und in beiden Jahren kartierten oberstromig liegenden Kontrollstrecke veränderte sich von „unbefriedigend“ auf „mäßig“. Aus dem Restrukturierungsbereich wirkende Strahleffekte dürften für diese Verbesserung verantwortlich sein.
Dialogue has become a fashionable word in the theological circles for quite some time now. However, there is a need to review what has been achieved so far. If it is significant, we should then review how much religious tension has been reduced so far. If it is not much, why has there been no progress. In this note I will deal with the issues relating to Hindu-Christian dialogue. I am using Christianity only as a reference point, and the issues raised do have a wider context as well. As far as Hindu-Christian dialogue is concerned, I am of the opinion that there has been hardly any progress all these years. Many academics and theologians have been involved in the exercise so far. The whole literature, over a long period of time, seems to follow a familiar pattern – a discussion on the theory of the dialogue, what should be included in a dialogue, who should and should not be involved in a dialogue, and ends with a lament that there is so very little progress. The problem, according to me, is that the dialogue does not even consider a need to discuss what is the basic difference between Hinduism and Christianity, and an inquiry into whether these come in the way of communal harmony. A dialogue is really not necessary if we are to discuss only what is similar between the two systems. ...
Piratenfilm : ein Dossier
(2011)
Die Handlung des Kerngenres – in der Regel zwischen dem Beginn des 16. und dem Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts angesiedelt – spielt auf hoher See oder exotischen Inseln, meist in der Karibik, seltener im Mittelmeer oder im Indischen Ozean. Schauplatz und Zeit entsprechen weitgehend den realen historischen Begebenheiten. Denn ihren Höhepunkt erreichte die Piraterie in den ersten Jahrhunderten nach der Entdeckung Amerikas, als vor dessen Küsten die europäischen Großmächte Spanien, Portugal, Frankreich und England versuchten, die Handelswege in die Neue Welt unter ihre Kontrolle zu bringen. Im Kampf gegen das lange Zeit übermächtige Spanien setzten dabei vor allem England und Frankreich auf die Piraterie als Mittel der Kolonialpolitik. Beide stellten großzügig Kaperbriefe aus, so genannte „Letters of Marque“, die private Schiffskapitäne gegen einen Anteil an der Beute dazu ermächtigten, feindliche Handelsschiffe zu plündern. Lizenzierte Kaperfahrer, die im Dienst der Krone unterwegs waren, ließen sich freilich nicht immer sauber von eigentlichen Piraten trennen, die „gegen alle Flaggen“ segelten und auf eigene Rechnung Beute machten.
Solenopsis annua, formerly thought to be a Greek endemic, is recorded in Cyprus for the first time. A morphological description and information on its taxonomy, distribution and habitat, as well as its floristic status are provided. It is recommended to treat it at species rank following the currently prevailing trend of a micro-species concept in Solenopsis. Regarding its future Red Data Book status in Cyprus it should be characterised as "Endangered".
Nach muslimischer Auffassung kommt der Mensch mit bestimmten gottgegebenen Anlagen ausgestattet auf die Welt. Diese Anlagen entwickeln sich unter vielfältigen Umwelteinflüssen fort. Diese Weiterentwicklung sollte adäquat zur natürlichen Veranlagung geschehen, um eine gesunde Entwicklung zu sichern (positive Erziehung) und eine Fehlentwicklung zu unterbinden (negative Erziehung). Um eine gute und gesunde Entwicklung zu gewährleisten, sollte dem Individuum natürliche positive Bildung und Erziehung zugänglich sein. Dies geschieht meist in der Kindheit und Jugend und ist Aufgabe der Erwachsenen. Die wichtigsten Erwachsenen für ein/en Kind/Jugendlichen sind die Erwachsenen der Familie und der Lehrer. Gemeinsam mit der Familie ist der Lehrer verantwortlich für die Fortentwicklung der natürlichen Anlagen des Zöglings. Im Gegensatz zur Familie ist die Verantwortung des Lehrers professioneller Art. Er wirkt ab dem ersten Kontakt des Schülers mit der Schule sichtbar auf ihn ein. Um am Ende dieser Einwirkung ein positives Ergebnis zu erzielen, ist der Lehrer angehalten die Problemstellungen seiner Aufgabe und ihre Lösungen zu kennen. Denn sowohl die Bildung als auch die Erziehung sind dynamischveränderlich und wie alles auf dieser Welt ständig in Veränderung. Der Lehrer spielt in der islamischen Bildungs- und Erziehungstradition eine große Rolle, weil der Prophet Muhammad als solcher gilt. Demgemäß genießt der Lehrerberuf als der „Beruf des Propheten“ ein hohes Ansehen. Die folgenden Kapitel eruieren die Rolle des Lehrers aus dieser Ausgangslage heraus.
For much of the last thirty years, the caesalpinioid genus Bauhinia has been recognised by numerous authors as a broadly circumscribed, ecologically, morphologically and palynologically diverse pantropical taxon, comprising several subgenera. One of these, Bauhinia subg. Phanera has recently been reinstated at generic rank based on a synthesis of morphological and molecular data. Nevertheless, there remains considerable diversity within Phanera. Following a review of palynological and molecular studies of Phanera in conjunction with a careful re-examination of the morphological heterogeneity within the genus, we have found strong evidence that the species of Phanera subsect. Corymbosae are a natural group that warrant generic status. We describe here the genus Cheniella R.Clark & Mackinder gen. nov. to accommodate them. It comprises 10 species and 3 subspecies, one newly described here. Generic characters include leaves that are simple and emarginate or bilobed; flowers with elongate hypanthia which are as long as or much longer than the sepals; pods that are glabrous, compressed, oblong, indehiscent or tardily dehiscent; and with numerous seeds, the seeds bearing an unusually long funicle extending most of the way around their circumference. A further distinctive floral character was found to be a fleshy disc on which the staminodes are mounted. An analysis carried out for this study reveals Cheniella to be characterised by a pollen type that is unique to the genus and previously unknown in the Leguminosae. Species diversity is richest in southern China, the full distribution extending westward to India and south- and eastward through Indochina into Malesia.
Data are presented for 29 chrysomelid species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) occurring in the Cayman Islands, West Indies, 26 of these not having been reported from these islands previously. Altica occidentalis Suffrian is removed from the genus Lysathia Bechyné and reinstated in Altica Geoffroy. Chaetocnema perplexa Blake is synonymized with Chaetocnema confinis Crotch, new synonymy. Omophoita cyanipennis octomaculata (Crotch) is synonymized with Omophoita cyanipennis (Fabricius), new synonymy. The following nine species are named and described: Apraea luciae, Apraea priscilae, Cryptocephalus catharinae, Cryptocephalus kirki, Cryptocephalus paulotigrinus, Longitarsus alisonae, Megistops adiae, Nyctiplanctus bifasciatus, Syphrea thurstonae, all are new species. Taxonomic notes and a key to species, as well as information on plant associations and extralimital distribution, are also provided.
The Anthonomus juniperinus group, with descriptions of two new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
(2010)
The Anthonomus juniperinus (Sanborn) species group is defined and two new species, Anthonomus sanborni, new species, and A. rileyi new species, from the United States are described, keyed and illustrated. The three species of the group are associated with the plant genus Juniperus and the larvae of A. juniperinus are known to develop in fungal galls of Gymnosporangium spp. as well as fruits of the Eastern redcedar, Juniperus virginiana L. The biology of the group and its taxonomic relationships to other species of Anthonomus Germar are also discussed.
New species of anthophilous Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) are described from Bolivia:
Molorchini, Merionoedopsis zamalloae sp. nov.; Heteropsini, Chrysoprasis azurearegina sp. nov., and C. maryhowardae sp. nov.; Rhopalophorini, Dihammaphora densiserrata sp. nov., D. dilmanappae sp. nov., D. espinotibia sp. nov., D. fosterorum sp. nov., D. paraperforata sp. nov., D. pilcomayoensis sp. nov., and Rhopalophora santacruzensis sp. nov. All species are illustrated and host flower records are provided.
A revision of the genus Acyphoderes Audinet-Serville, 1833 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), with a brief synopsis of the genus Bromiades Thomson, 1864, is presented. Acyphoderes to comprise eight South American species, Acyphoderes aurulenta (Kirby, 1818), A. abdominalis (Olivier, 1795), A. auricapilla Fisher, 1947, A. crinita (Klug, 1825), A. hirtipes (Klug, 1825), A. rubrohirsutotibialis Tippmann, 1953, A. carinicollis Bates, 1873 and A. amboroensis Clarke 2013; and Acyphoderes is divided into three informal species groups. A new genus, Ameriphoderes, is proposed for eleven Mexican and Central American species, Ameriphoderes acutipennis (Thomson, 1860), A. amoena (Chemsak and Linsley, 1979), A. ayalai (Chemsak and Linsley, 1988), A. bayanicus (Giesbert, 1991), A. cribricollis (Bates, 1892), A. magna (Giesbert, 1991), A. parva (Chemsak and Linsley, 1979), A. prolixa (Chemsak and Linsley, 1979), A. suavis (Bates, 1885), A. velutina (Bates, 1885) and A. yucateca (Bates, 1892); and Ameriphoderes is divided into two informal species groups. Acyphoderes delicata Horn, 1894 is placed in its own genus, Amerispheca. Other new genera are proposed for the following; Acyderophes for Acyphoderes fulgida Chemsak and Linsley, 1979; Brachyphoderes for Acyphoderes dehiscens Chemsak, 1997 and A. longicollis Chemsak and Noguera, 1993; Acutiphoderes for Acyphoderes odyneroides White, 1855; and Anomaloderes for Acyphoderes itaiuba Martins and Galileo, 2004. Acyphoderes sexualis Bates, 1885 and Sphecomorpha forficulifera (Gounelle, 1913) are moved to the new genus Forficuladeres. Acyphoderes synoecae Chemsak and Noguera, 1997 from Mexico is treated as a junior synonym of Sphecomorpha vespiventris
(Bates, 1880) from Guatemala. Acyphoderes cracentis Chemsak and Noguera, 1997 from Mexico, and Acyphoderes violaceus Bezark, Santos-Silva and Martins, 2012 from Costa Rica are placed in the new genus Odontogracilis, together with two species, Odontocera exilis Fisher, 1947 from Mesoamerica and Odontocera gracilis (Klug, 1825) from Brazil. Identification keys are provided for the genera, species groups (and the species in each one). All species are illustrated (both male and female when available). Plates illustrating the following are also provided; types of abdomen, hind leg, and aedeagus (tegmen and median lobe). Host-flower records are provided for many species.
Epimelitta postimelina Giesbert, 1996 and Odontocera apicula Bates, 1885 are transferred to the new genus Odontomelitta. Epimelitta postimelina, with closed procoxal cavities, cannot remain in Epimelittta Bates, 1870, a genus characterized by open procoxal cavities. The short elytra and tegmen (with caliper-shaped lateral lobes) of the aedeagus of both species excludes them from the genus Odontocera Audinet-Serville, 1833, with long elytra and tegmen (with strap-shaped lateral lobes). Both species are illustrated, and host plant and host flower records provided for O. apicula.
Epimelitta Bates, 1870 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) is redescribed with two species: Epimelitta scoparia (Klug, 1825) and Epimelitta rufiventris Bates, 1870; Epimelitta meliponica Bates, 1870 syn. nov. and Epimelitta acutipennis Fisher, 1947 syn. nov. are considered junior synonyms of E. scoparia. Exepimelitta gen. nov. is described with five species: Exepimelitta mimica (Bates, 1873), Ex. nigerrima (Bates, 1892), Ex. consobrina (Melzer, 1931) (=Epimelitta nigerrima var. flavipubescens Fisher, 1947, syn. nov.), Ex. lestradei (Peñaherrera-Leiva and Tavakilian, 2003) and Ex. windsori sp. nov. Charisia Champion, 1892 is revalidated and redescribed with six species: Charisia euphrosyne (Newman, 1840), C. mneme (Newman, 1841), C. melanaria Gounelle, 1911, C. ornaticollis Zajciw, 1973, C. bleuzeni (Peñaherrera-Leiva and Tavakilian, 2003) and C. durantoni (Peñaherrera-Leiva and Tavakilian, 2003).
Erratamelitta gen. nov. is described with two species: Erratamelitta erato (Newman, 1840) (= Epimelitta bicolor (Bates, 1873), syn. nov.) and Er. eliasi sp. nov.. Adepimelitta gen. nov. is described with two species: Adepimelitta debilis (Gounelle, 1911) and Ad. eupheme (Lameere, 1884). A brief synopsis of the genus Acorethra Bates, 1873 is presented, with two species included: Acorethra chrysaspis Bates, 1873, revalidated, and Ac. aureofasciata Gounelle, 1911. All species are illustrated (including genitalia when available); and keys to the genera, and their species, are provided.
New Bolivian Rhinotragini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae) are described: three species of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 (P. longiscopifera sp. nov., P. boliviensis sp. nov. and P. chaquensis sp. nov.); and one species of Phygopoides Peñaherrera-Leiva and Tavakilian, 2007 (P. maxwelli sp. nov.). Two Brazilian species of Neophygopoda Melzer, 1933 are transferred to the genus Phygopoda: P. exilis (Melzer, 1933) comb. nov. and P. agdae (Martins, Galileo and Santos-Silva, 2015) comb. nov. All the species are illustrated, and a key to the Bolivian species of Phygopoda and host flower records are provided.
The taxonomic history of the rhinotragine genera Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian and Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) are discussed, and evidence is presented to suggest that some recent taxonomic changes made by Carelli and Monné (2015) were unjustified. Consequently, Phygopoda nigritarsis Gounelle, 1911 is moved to the genus Neophygopoda Melzer, 1933, creating the new combination Neophygopoda nigritarsis, the genera Panamapoda Clarke, 2014 and Paraphygopoda Clarke, 2014 are revalidated, and the species Paraphygopoda viridimicans (Fisher, 1952) and Paraphygopoda nappae Clarke, 2014 are also revalidated.
Klugiatragus gen. nov. is described for Epimelitta laticornis (Klug, 1825) because this species has closed procoxal cavities, a crucial diagnostic incompatible with Epimelitta Bates, 1870, which has open procoxal cavities. Both sexes of this species are illustrated.
A revised checklist for the butterfly families Papilionidae, Pieridae and Nymphalidae of Trinidad (Trinidad and Tobago) is presented, bringing nomenclature in line with modern usage, indicating synonyms from earlier lists and adding new records since the last checklist was published in 1970. Migrant and vagrant species are provisionally recognised, and records considered incorrect are discussed. The checklist includes 204 species: 15 Papilionidae, 29 Pieridae and 160 Nymphalidae. The only taxonomic change is to treat Hamadryas feronia insularis (Fruhstorfer) as a synonym of H. f. feronia (Linnaeus), syn. nov., and not as a synonym of H. feronia farinulenta (Fruhstorfer).
A revised checklist for the butterfl y families Hedylidae and Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) of Trinidad (Trinidad and Tobago) is presented, bringing nomenclature in line with modern usage, and indicating synonyms from earlier lists and papers. The following are new records for Trinidad: Thessia athesis (Hewitson), Bungalotis clusia Evans, Sarmientoia eriopis (Hewitson), Pellicia tyana toza Evans, Quadrus contubernalis contubernalis (Mabille) and Decinea decinea derisor (Mabille). The checklist includes two species of Hedylidae and 314 species of 157 genera of Hesperiidae, comprising 87 species of 37 genera of Eudaminae, 73 species of 41 genera of Pyrginae, and 154 species of 80 genera of Hesperiinae.