Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Preprint (2006) (remove)
Has Fulltext
- yes (2006) (remove)
Keywords
- Kollisionen schwerer Ionen (33)
- heavy ion collisions (27)
- Deutsch (23)
- Quark-Gluon-Plasma (14)
- equation of state (13)
- QGP (12)
- Kongress (10)
- Syntax (10)
- quark-gluon plasma (10)
- Multicomponent Tree Adjoining Grammar (9)
- Quark Gluon Plasma (9)
- Schweizerdeutsch (9)
- quark (9)
- Hadron (8)
- Meson (8)
- Syntaktische Analyse (8)
- Zustandsgleichung (8)
- collision (8)
- heavy-ion collisions (8)
- meson (8)
- Semantik (7)
- heavy ion collision (7)
- quark gluon plasma (7)
- Chatten <Kommunikation> (6)
- E2 enzyme (6)
- Energie (6)
- Kollision (6)
- Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammar (6)
- Quanten-Chromodynamik (6)
- Quark (6)
- TRACT (6)
- UrQMD (6)
- baryon (6)
- oligomerization (6)
- ubiquitination (6)
- Dialektologie (5)
- Kryptologie (5)
- LHC (5)
- MEMOs (5)
- Online-Publikation (5)
- Optimalitätstheorie (5)
- QCD (5)
- Quantum Chromodynamic (5)
- RHIC (5)
- Range Concatenation Grammar (5)
- Relativistic heavy-ion collisions (5)
- energy (5)
- hadronic (5)
- quark matter (5)
- quark-gluon-plasma (5)
- relativistic (5)
- syntax (5)
- Aufsatzsammlung (4)
- Dirac (4)
- Englisch (4)
- German (4)
- Grammatik (4)
- Griechisch (4)
- ISGylation (4)
- Quark Materie (4)
- SPS (4)
- Satzanalyse (4)
- Soziolinguistik (4)
- black holes (4)
- hadron (4)
- heavy ion colliders (4)
- nucleon (4)
- Bremsstrahlung (3)
- Gross-Neveu model (3)
- Liebesbrief (3)
- Literatur (3)
- Molekulare Dynamik (3)
- Neutronenstern (3)
- Nominalisierung (3)
- Nukleon (3)
- Prosodie (3)
- Präposition (3)
- RQMD (3)
- Rumänisch (3)
- Sinotibetische Sprachen (3)
- Spracherwerb (3)
- Standardsprache (3)
- Strahl (3)
- Strangelets (3)
- Tree Adjoining Grammar (3)
- Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (3)
- UrQMD Modell (3)
- Zustandsgleichungen (3)
- autophagy (3)
- bremsstrahlung (3)
- density functional theory (3)
- gluon (3)
- hadronic matter (3)
- heavy ion (3)
- hydrodynamical model (3)
- hydrodynamisches Modell (3)
- inhomogeneous phases (3)
- jet (3)
- kaon (3)
- mean-field (3)
- moat regime (3)
- neutron star (3)
- nuclear collisions (3)
- phase diagram (3)
- relativistic quantum molecular dynamics (3)
- relativistisch (3)
- schwere Ion Kollision (3)
- schwere Ion-Kollision (3)
- stability analysis (3)
- strangelets (3)
- two-point function (3)
- wave-function renormalization (3)
- α-RuCl3 (3)
- Baryon (2)
- Brief (2)
- CDM (2)
- Charmonium (2)
- Chinesisch (2)
- Commitment Scheme (2)
- Deutschland (2)
- Dichte (2)
- Dirac-Brueckner theory (2)
- Dirac-Brückner Theorie (2)
- Drell-Yan (2)
- EEG (2)
- FOS: Physical sciences (2)
- Frage (2)
- Geschichte (2)
- Grammaires d’Arbres Adjoints (2)
- HCV (2)
- Haiku (2)
- ISGlyation (2)
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (2)
- Kaon (2)
- Kerne (2)
- Kontrastive Linguistik (2)
- Lagrangian (2)
- MCTAG (2)
- MRI (2)
- Materie (2)
- Meson production (2)
- Moran model (2)
- Morphologie (2)
- NS3 (2)
- NS5A (2)
- Nambu Jona-Lasinio Modell (2)
- Nambu Jona-Lasinio model (2)
- Oblivious Transfer (2)
- PBPK (2)
- Partikelspektren (2)
- Phasenübergang (2)
- Phonologie (2)
- Plasma (2)
- QMD (2)
- Quanten Chromodynamik (2)
- Quantenchromodynamik (2)
- Quantum Chromodynamics (2)
- Quantum Molecular Dynamics (2)
- Quark gluon Plasma (2)
- Quark-Gluon Plasma (2)
- San Jose (2)
- Schwelle (2)
- Sprache (2)
- Sprachnorm (2)
- Sprachwandel (2)
- Substandardsprache (2)
- Teilchen (2)
- Temperatur (2)
- Tree Adoining Grammar (2)
- Tree Description Grammar (2)
- Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Model (2)
- Ultrarelativistisches Quant Molekulares Modell (2)
- UrQMD model (2)
- Walecka model (2)
- aging (2)
- alpha power (2)
- ancestral selection graph (2)
- antibaryon (2)
- antikaon (2)
- black hole (2)
- bound state (2)
- case (2)
- cold dark matter (2)
- collaboration script (2)
- computational complexity (2)
- critical phenomena (2)
- degrees of freedom (2)
- dense matter (2)
- dichte Materie (2)
- duality (2)
- electronic transport (2)
- fixation probability (2)
- freeze out (2)
- grammaires à concaténation d’intervalles (2)
- große Extradimensionen (2)
- hadronische Materie (2)
- hydrodynamics (2)
- kalte dunkle Materie (2)
- kinetic equation (2)
- kinetische Gleichung (2)
- large extra dimensions (2)
- masse (2)
- matter (2)
- modeling and simulation (2)
- natural scenes (2)
- neuronal populations (2)
- neutralino (2)
- non-structural proteins (2)
- nuclear broadening effect (2)
- nuclear matter (2)
- nuclei (2)
- p-n junction (2)
- particle spectra (2)
- particles (2)
- plasma (2)
- primary visual cortex (2)
- prompt photon (2)
- proteasome (2)
- protein degradation (2)
- proteolysis systems (2)
- referential communication (2)
- relativistic heavy ion collision (2)
- relativistische schwere Ion Kollision (2)
- scanning tunneling microscopy (2)
- scattering (2)
- schwarze Löcher (2)
- schwere Ion-Kollisionen (2)
- statistical coalescence model (2)
- statistisches Fusionsmodell (2)
- stimulus encoding (2)
- strange hadronic matter (2)
- temperature (2)
- thermalization (2)
- ultrarelativistisch (2)
- ultrarelativistische (2)
- visual attention (2)
- white matter hyperintensity (2)
- Übersetzung (2)
- Λ−coalescent (2)
- (QGP) (1)
- 26 LncRNA (1)
- 2D vdW magnets (1)
- A+A collisions (1)
- ADD (1)
- AGS (1)
- Absorption (1)
- Acinetobacter baumannii (1)
- Acquisition (1)
- Adjektiv (1)
- Adjustment (1)
- Adler, Alfred (Pädagoge) (1)
- Adorno, Theodor W. / Negative Dialektik (1)
- Adulthood (1)
- African Diaspora (1)
- African Sleeping Sickness (1)
- Agamben, Giorgio (1)
- Albert (1)
- Alemannisch (1)
- Algorithmus (1)
- Allegorie (1)
- Alteritätserlebnis (1)
- Amblyopia (1)
- Analyse syntaxique déductive (1)
- Anders, Günther (1)
- Anisotropic flow (1)
- Anpassung (1)
- Anthropologie (1)
- Anti-Kaon (1)
- Antigens/Peptides/Epitopes (1)
- Antikaon (1)
- Antike (1)
- Antiteilchen (1)
- Arabisch (1)
- Arrhythmia (1)
- Auftraggeber (1)
- Ausfrieren (1)
- Auto-ML (1)
- Automatentheorie (1)
- Automatische Sprachanalyse (1)
- B-slope (1)
- BESIII (1)
- BRAF (1)
- Bantu (1)
- Beauvoir (1)
- Benin (1)
- Benjamin (1)
- Benjamin, Walter (1)
- Bernd (1)
- Bernhard, Thomas (1)
- Bestattung (1)
- Bildnisplastik (1)
- Binding (1)
- Binocular Rivalry (1)
- Bioenabling formulations (1)
- Bjorken Modell (1)
- Bjorken model (1)
- Blind Signature (1)
- Block Korkin—Zolotarev reduction (1)
- Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (1)
- Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck Gleichung (1)
- Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck equation (1)
- Born cross section measurement (1)
- Brauchtum (1)
- Brazil (1)
- Browsertool (1)
- Buparlisib (1)
- C. elegans (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- CRISPR/Cas9 (1)
- Calderón problem (1)
- Camus (1)
- Cannabis (1)
- Cardiac arrest (1)
- Cavell, Stanley (1)
- Cechov, Anton P. (1)
- Cellular neuroscience (1)
- Charge fluctuations (1)
- Charm Produktion (1)
- Charmed mesons (1)
- Charmed quarks (1)
- Charmonium (-like) (1)
- Charmonium Produktion (1)
- Charmonium production (1)
- Chatraum (1)
- Chemical equilibration (1)
- Chemikalie (1)
- Chemische Gleichgewichtherstellung (1)
- Chiffrierung (1)
- Chinese Remainder Theorem (1)
- Chiral symmetries (1)
- Chiton (1)
- Chocó rainforest (1)
- Chomsky (1)
- Christian (1)
- Clitic Doubling (1)
- Clitic-Doubling (1)
- Closest Vector Problem (1)
- Cluster distribution (1)
- Cluster integrals (1)
- College Students (1)
- College Teachers (1)
- Collision (1)
- Commitment (1)
- Commitment schemes (1)
- Computational model (1)
- Computer Mediated Communication (1)
- Computerlinguistik (1)
- Computervermittelte Kommunikation (1)
- Conservation Laws (1)
- Coreference annotation (1)
- Cortical column (1)
- D-Dbar (1)
- D-meson spectral density (1)
- DN interaction (1)
- Das Andere (1)
- Data Analysis (1)
- Datenbank (1)
- Datenstruktur (1)
- Deep time (1)
- Degradation (1)
- Description Tree Grammar (1)
- Dessins d'enfants (1)
- Deuteron (1)
- Deutsches Sprachgebiet (1)
- Deutschunterricht (1)
- Die kluge Bauerntochter (1)
- Dielectron (1)
- Dielektron (1)
- Diffraction (1)
- Dilepton (1)
- Discrete Logarithm (1)
- Doktor Faustus (1)
- Donau <Motiv> (1)
- Drell-Yan production (1)
- Drell-Yan ratio (1)
- Drell-Yan-Prozess (1)
- Droste-Hülshoff, Annette von (1)
- Droste-Hülshoff, Annette von: Die Taxuswand (1)
- Drug-Drug Interactions (1)
- Drung (1)
- Dutschke (1)
- Dynamik (1)
- Dyson-Schwinger equation (1)
- EGFR (1)
- EOS (1)
- East Africa (1)
- Economic development (1)
- Ecuador (1)
- Educational outcomes (1)
- Elastic Scattering (1)
- Elektron (1)
- Elektronische Publikation (1)
- Elementarteilchen (1)
- Elementary particle (1)
- Employment Effects (1)
- Energy system modelling tool (1)
- Enthalpy (1)
- Entwicklungsphase (1)
- Enzensberger (1)
- Equation of State (1)
- Ereignisschwankungen (1)
- Erhaltungsgesetz (1)
- Erotik <Motiv> (1)
- Erwachsenenalter (1)
- Euler method (1)
- Europa (1)
- Europe (1)
- Evaluation (1)
- Event-by-event fluctuations (1)
- FID model (1)
- Factoring (1)
- Family structure transitions (1)
- Fanon (1)
- Faschismus <Motiv> (1)
- Fehlererkennung (1)
- Fehlertoleranz (1)
- Fendrr (1)
- Fischart, Johann (1)
- Flexion (1)
- Formale Sprache (1)
- Formalismes syntaxiques (1)
- Forstdynamik (1)
- Foucault, Michel (1)
- Frankfurt am Main (1)
- Frantz (1)
- Französisch (1)
- Französische Schweiz (1)
- Frau (1)
- Frau <Motiv> (1)
- Freeze Out (1)
- Freeze out (1)
- Freiheitsgrad (1)
- Freiheitsgrade (1)
- Freud, Sigmund (1)
- Funktion (1)
- GABARAP (1)
- GI pH (1)
- GI solubility (1)
- Germany (1)
- Geschichte 1900-2000 (1)
- Geschichtstheorie (1)
- Geschlechterforschung (1)
- Gespräch (1)
- Giraffa (1)
- Globalization (1)
- Gluon (1)
- Gluon-Plasma (1)
- Grammaires d’arbres adjoints à composantes multiples (1)
- Grammatikalisation (1)
- Grammatikalität (1)
- Grammatiktheorie (1)
- Graph Machine Learning (1)
- Graph Neural Networks (1)
- Graphene (1)
- Gravitational radiation (1)
- Grimm, Jacob (1)
- Grimm, Wilhelm (1)
- Gyromagnetic Moment (1)
- HER2 (1)
- HICs (1)
- HLA class I (1)
- HLHS (1)
- HRAS 28 Gefitinib (1)
- Hadron Gas Modell (1)
- Hadron Materie (1)
- Hadronenbeschleuniger (1)
- Haiti (1)
- Hans Magnus (1)
- Hartree (1)
- Heavy ion collisions (1)
- Heinrich Heine (1)
- Heterotopie (1)
- High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) (1)
- High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (1)
- Hilfsverb (1)
- Historische Sprachwissenschaft (1)
- Hochschuldidaktik (1)
- Hochschullehrer (1)
- Hohe Energie (1)
- Homo sacer (1)
- Homogeneous nucleation (1)
- Human (1)
- Humanitarianism (1)
- Humanitarismus (1)
- Hypercolumn (1)
- Hypermaterie (1)
- ICD (1)
- IQMD Modell (1)
- IQMD model (1)
- Identification (1)
- Ikon (1)
- Ilmenau <2000> (1)
- Immanent Critique (1)
- Immune Response (1)
- Impurismus (1)
- In-Medium Zerfall (1)
- Internetliteratur (1)
- Interpretation (1)
- Isländisch (1)
- Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (1)
- Italien (1)
- J/psi Erhöhung (1)
- J/psi Unterdrückung (1)
- J/psi enhancement (1)
- J/psi suppression (1)
- J/psi yield (1)
- J/ϕ (1)
- Jaspers, Karl (1)
- Jean-Paul (1)
- Job Creation Schemes (1)
- John McDowell (1)
- Jugendsprache (1)
- Jung, Carl G. (1)
- Jürgen Habermas (1)
- K-Meson (1)
- Kaons (1)
- Kapitalismus (1)
- Kausativ (1)
- Kd determination (1)
- Kern-Kern Kollision (1)
- Kernkollision (1)
- Kernkollisionen (1)
- Kernmaterie (1)
- Kernreaktion Modell und Methoden (1)
- Kertész, Imre (1)
- Khoisan (1)
- Kiezdeutsch (1)
- Knapsack problem (1)
- Kochen-Specker theorem (1)
- Kognitionswissenschaft (1)
- Kollisionen des schweren Ions (1)
- Kollisionen schwere Ionen (1)
- Kommunikationsforschung (1)
- Konfliktlösung (1)
- Korean (1)
- Koreanisch (1)
- Korkin—Zolotarev reduction (1)
- Korpusannotation (1)
- Korrelation (1)
- Kosmischer Strahl (1)
- Kosovo-Krieg (1)
- Kulturphilosophie (1)
- LC3 (1)
- LIR motifs (1)
- LLL-reduction (1)
- Lagrangian . equation of state (1)
- Lambda-c(2593) resonance (1)
- Landschaft (1)
- Language (1)
- Langzeitarchivierung (1)
- Large Hadron Collider (1)
- Lattice Reduction (1)
- Lattice basis reduction (1)
- Lehnwort (1)
- Lehrer-Schüler-Interaktion (1)
- Lehrerbildung (1)
- Lehrermerkmale (1)
- Lenz, Hans (1)
- Lernmotivation (1)
- Lerntheorie (1)
- Les mots et les choses (1)
- Levi, Primo (1)
- Lexical Resource Semantics (1)
- Lexical Ressource Semantics (1)
- Lexikologie (1)
- Literaturtheorie (1)
- LncRNA (1)
- Loewner monotonicity and convexity (1)
- Lorentz (1)
- Lorentz contraction (1)
- Low density subset sum algorithm (1)
- MET (1)
- MHC (1)
- Mach Shocks (1)
- Machine Learning (1)
- Manhattan distance (1)
- Mann, Thomas (1)
- Markov chain Monte Carlo Method (1)
- Markt (1)
- Maschinelles Lernen (1)
- Masse (1)
- Massenmedien (1)
- Massenspektrum (1)
- Material budget (1)
- Mathematical Modeling (1)
- McEliece (1)
- Message authentication (1)
- Metastable Exotic Multistrange Objects (1)
- Militärische Intervention (1)
- Mittelalter (1)
- Mittelenglisch (1)
- Model-based public policy (1)
- Modell (1)
- Modernität (1)
- Modular Multiplication (1)
- Mohawk (1)
- Molecular Neuroscience (1)
- Mollusca (1)
- Monte-Carlo model for relativistic heavy ion collisions (1)
- Mortuary culture (1)
- Multicomponent Tree Adjoining Grammars (1)
- Mundart (1)
- Mythologie (1)
- Märchen (1)
- Nambu Jona Lasinio Modell (1)
- Nambu Jona Lasinio model (1)
- Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (1)
- Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Modell (1)
- Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model (1)
- Nationalsozialismus (1)
- Natur (1)
- Natürlichsprachiges System (1)
- Neologismus (1)
- Neopatrimonialism (1)
- Network Neuroscience (1)
- Neugriechisch (1)
- Neural Network (1)
- Neural map (1)
- Neutron (1)
- Nichtumkehrbarkeit (1)
- Nietzsche, Friedrich (1)
- Nkx2-5 (1)
- Noam (1)
- Nominalphrase (1)
- Non-Malleability (1)
- Noticeable Probability (1)
- Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex) (1)
- Nuclear Theory (1)
- Nuclear-reaction models and methods (1)
- Nucleon (1)
- ODE (1)
- ODEs (1)
- OMD (1)
- Object recognition (1)
- Open-source software (1)
- Oper (1)
- Optimal wiring (1)
- Oracle Query (1)
- Orient (1)
- Orientation preference (1)
- Orpheus (1)
- Othello (1)
- Outreach practice (1)
- PIK3CA (1)
- PTSD (1)
- Parental education (1)
- Parkinson diagnosis (1)
- Parliamentary opposition (1)
- Particle Spectra (1)
- Partikelzahlschwankung (1)
- Pb+Pb collisions (1)
- Peltzer, Ulrich (1)
- Perfekt (1)
- Pharmacokinetic Interactions (1)
- Philosophie (1)
- Phonetik (1)
- Photon (1)
- Phylogenomics (1)
- Phytosoziologie (1)
- Pinwheel (1)
- Pion (1)
- Pion Gas (1)
- Plasticity (1)
- Politische Kommunikation (1)
- Polyplacophora (1)
- Potential (1)
- Potsdam <2002> (1)
- Prag <1999> (1)
- Pragmatik (1)
- Praxis (1)
- Precipitation inhibition (1)
- Private Information Retrieval (1)
- Produktion von pentaquark (1)
- Projektion <Psychologie> (1)
- Proposal (1)
- Proteomics (1)
- Protonen (1)
- Proton–Proton Collisions (1)
- Psychologie (1)
- Public Key Cryptosystem (1)
- Public Parameter (1)
- Python (1)
- QCD medium (1)
- QCD plasma (1)
- QFT on curved background (1)
- QGP hadrons phase transition (1)
- QGP signals (1)
- QMC (1)
- Qiang-Sprache (1)
- Quadratic Residue (1)
- Quality of life (1)
- Quanten Chromodynamic (1)
- Quanten-Molekular-Dynamic (1)
- Quanten-Molekular-Dynamik (1)
- Quantendynamik (1)
- Quantum chromodynamics (1)
- Quark Antiquark (1)
- Quark-Sterne (1)
- Quarkonium (1)
- Quel che resta di Auschwitz (1)
- RHIC energies (1)
- Rabehl (1)
- Radiative decay (1)
- Random Oracle (1)
- Random String (1)
- Range Concatenation Grammars (1)
- Raum Zeit (1)
- Ready-made (1)
- Regenerationsnischen (1)
- Reimchronik (1)
- Reise (1)
- Relativistic Excluded Volumes (1)
- Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (1)
- Relativistisch (1)
- Relativistische Kollisionen des schwere Ions (1)
- Relativsatz (1)
- Representation Problem (1)
- Rezension (1)
- Rezeption (1)
- Rhetorik (1)
- Rho-Meson (1)
- Robustheit (1)
- Roman (1)
- Romanian (1)
- Romanische Sprachen (1)
- Rudi (1)
- Russisch (1)
- Römisches Reich (1)
- SARS-CoV-2 (1)
- SENECA model (1)
- SHM (1)
- SMS <Telekommunikation> (1)
- SU (3) - Modell (1)
- SU (3) - Symmetrie (1)
- SU (3) Modell (1)
- SU(3) model (1)
- SU(3)-model (1)
- SU(3)-symmetry (1)
- SYNtax-based Reference Annotation (1)
- San Francisco (1)
- Santa Barbara (1)
- Sartre (1)
- Satzanlyse (1)
- Scene context effects (1)
- Scham (1)
- Schwabenkrieg (1)
- Schwerionenphysik (1)
- Schüler- und Studierendeneinstellungen (1)
- Scrambling (1)
- Screening (1)
- Se questo è un uomo (1)
- Sectoral Heterogeneity (1)
- Security (1)
- Security Parameter (1)
- Semler (1)
- Shakespeare, William (1)
- Shortest lattice vector problem (1)
- Signature (1)
- Simone de (1)
- Simple Range Concatenation Grammar (1)
- Single-mother families (1)
- Skalarpotential (1)
- Skeptizismus (1)
- Sloppiness (1)
- Smith, Adam (1)
- Software (1)
- Software development practice (1)
- Sorstalanság (1)
- Spektren (1)
- Spezifität (1)
- Sprachgewinn (1)
- Sprachinsel (1)
- Sprachliche Universalien (1)
- Sprachverarbeitung (1)
- SrNi2P2 (1)
- Stable reduction algorithm (1)
- Stadtmundart (1)
- Standort (1)
- Statistical model (1)
- Stepfamilies (1)
- Stochastik (1)
- Streit (1)
- Student Attitudes (1)
- Studentenschaft (1)
- Studienverhalten (1)
- Studierende (Anfangssemester) (1)
- Studium (1)
- Subjektivität (1)
- Subset sum problem (1)
- Sudden cardiac death (1)
- Super Proton Synchrotron (1)
- Supersaturation (1)
- Surrogate endpoint (1)
- Symmetrie (1)
- Syntactic formalisms (1)
- Szenische Interpretation (1)
- Szymborska, Wislawa (1)
- T-wave alternans (1)
- TEPT (1)
- TMT (1)
- TUSNELDA (1)
- TUSNELDA-Standard (1)
- Tagging (1)
- Tanzkunst (1)
- Tanztext (1)
- Tarkowskij, Andrej (1)
- Tarragona <2008> (1)
- Teacher Characteristics (1)
- Teacher Student Interaction (1)
- Teilchenbeschleuniger (1)
- Teilchenspektren (1)
- Teilchenverteilung (1)
- Tevatron (1)
- The claim of reason (1)
- Theory of history (1)
- Thorne Kishino Felsenstein model (1)
- Tibetobirmanische Sprachen (1)
- Tiefenpsychologie (1)
- Tod (1)
- Tragödie (1)
- Transcatheter stage 1 (1)
- Translation (1)
- Transport (1)
- Trapdoor (1)
- Tree Tuple (1)
- Tree-Adjoining Grammar (1)
- Trypanosoma brucei (1)
- Two-component and Multi-component Hadron Gas (1)
- Tübingen <2007> (1)
- UHECR (1)
- URQMD (1)
- USA (1)
- USP28 (1)
- Ulrich / Alle oder keiner (1)
- Ulrich / Bryant Park (1)
- Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamic (1)
- Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics model (1)
- Ultrarelativisitic Quantum Molecular Dynamics model (1)
- Ultrarelativisitisches (1)
- Ultrarelativistisches Quant Molekular Dynamik (1)
- Uniform resource locators (1)
- Unordered Vector Grammar with Dominance Link (1)
- Vagueness (1)
- Van der Waals (1)
- Van der Waals Excluded Volume Model (1)
- Van der Waals model (1)
- Vektorpotential (1)
- Vemurafenib (1)
- Ventricular tachyarrhythmic event (1)
- Verb (1)
- Verbreitung (1)
- Verfremdung (1)
- Vergleich (1)
- Verona (1)
- Vielkörperkorrelationen (1)
- Viewpoint dependence (1)
- Visual cortex (1)
- Walecka Modell (1)
- Walecka-Modell (1)
- Walecka-model (1)
- Walter (1)
- Weltkrieg <1939-1945> (1)
- Wirtschaftsphilosophie (1)
- Wissenschaftsphilosophie (1)
- Wissenschaftstransfer (1)
- Wnt (1)
- Word Sense Disambiguation (1)
- Wortlänge (1)
- Zahlbegriff (1)
- Zeichen (1)
- Zeitung (1)
- Zusammenstoß (1)
- Zweierbeziehung (1)
- Zürich <2000> (1)
- aboveground biomass (1)
- absorption (1)
- acceptability (1)
- acetogen (1)
- acetogenic bacteria (1)
- active sensing (1)
- agree (1)
- allemand (1)
- amorphous solid dispersions (1)
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1)
- anti-kaon (1)
- anticausatives (1)
- antigen processing and presentation (1)
- antiparticles (1)
- antiviral therapy (1)
- approximation complexity (1)
- aprepitant (1)
- argument dislocation (1)
- attitudes (1)
- autoinhibition (1)
- automatic handwriting analysis (1)
- auxiliaries (1)
- auxiliary selection (1)
- average pairwise distance (1)
- bats (1)
- be (1)
- biased signaling (1)
- bicarbonates (1)
- binary neutron star mergers (1)
- binaryfission (1)
- bio-enabling formulations (1)
- biocommodities (1)
- biodiversity (1)
- biodiversity protection (1)
- bioequivalence (1)
- biofuel (1)
- bioreactor (1)
- biotechnology (1)
- bio‐enabling formulations (1)
- brain rhythms (1)
- broadening (1)
- brouillage d’arguments (1)
- buffer capacity (1)
- c-JUN (1)
- c-MYC (1)
- cGMP (1)
- cancer cell dormancy (1)
- canonical strangeness suppression (1)
- canonical suppression (1)
- carbon capture (1)
- caudate (1)
- causatives (1)
- change blindness (1)
- charm (1)
- charm and bottom Produktion (1)
- charm and bottom production (1)
- chemical (1)
- chemical freezeout (1)
- chemisches Ausfrieren (1)
- chiral (1)
- chiral SU (3) (1)
- chiral SU(3) (1)
- chiral SU(3) model (1)
- chiral phase (1)
- chronic (1)
- chronosequence (1)
- chunk parsing (1)
- chunkparsing (1)
- clinical isolates (1)
- cognitive demands (1)
- cognitive interventions (1)
- cold baryon rich matter (1)
- cold quark matter (1)
- collective flow (1)
- color current (1)
- colour model (1)
- coloured quark dynamic (1)
- compact Riemann surfaces (1)
- comparative analysis (1)
- comparative institutional analysis (1)
- compensation (1)
- computational geometry (1)
- concurrent composition (1)
- confinement (1)
- conservation funding (1)
- conservation law (1)
- conservation laws (1)
- conservation planning (1)
- coréen (1)
- cosmic rays (1)
- cosmology (1)
- counterfactual (1)
- coupled-channel self-consistent calculation (1)
- cross-frequency coupling (1)
- culpa asociada a trauma (1)
- cultural change (1)
- cyclicity (1)
- decision making (1)
- deconfinement phase transition (1)
- deductive parsing (1)
- dense (1)
- density perturbations (1)
- detector (1)
- deuteron (1)
- deutsch (1)
- dilepton (1)
- dileptons (1)
- direct democracy (1)
- directed flow (1)
- drug development (1)
- dynamic programming (1)
- early freeze–out (1)
- early modern english (1)
- education (1)
- educational proposals (1)
- elastic particle (1)
- electron (1)
- electron-phonon interactions (1)
- electronic band structure (1)
- electronic pen (1)
- electrophysiology (1)
- elliptic flow analysis (1)
- energie (1)
- episodic memory (1)
- epp (1)
- equality (1)
- ergativity (1)
- etravirine (1)
- event-by-event fluctuations (1)
- exotic matter (1)
- exotische Materie (1)
- experimental results (1)
- extra dimension (1)
- families of hash functions (1)
- features (1)
- femtoscopy data (1)
- fermentation (1)
- fibroblasts (1)
- finite resolution (1)
- finite temperature (1)
- flavour model (1)
- flow (1)
- flow of nucleons (1)
- fluctuations (1)
- forest dynamics (1)
- formalismes grammaticaux (1)
- formate oxidation (1)
- freezeout (1)
- frontotemporal dementia (1)
- functional connectivity (1)
- functional connectome acute (1)
- gastrointestinal drugs (1)
- gauge/gravity duality (1)
- gender (1)
- gene flow (1)
- general cognitive ability (1)
- german (1)
- global change (1)
- gluon plasma (1)
- gradience grammar (1)
- grammaires d’arbres (1)
- grammar formalism (1)
- grammaticality (1)
- graphene (1)
- gravitational radiation (1)
- großer hadron collider (1)
- guanylyl cyclase (GCY) (1)
- gyromagnetic moment (1)
- hadron hadron Kollision (1)
- hadron hadron collision (1)
- hadron interaction models (1)
- hadron matter (1)
- hadron yield (1)
- hadronic freeze-out (1)
- hadronic model (1)
- hard-core (1)
- have (1)
- heavy Hagedorn states (1)
- heavy-flavor quarks (1)
- heiße Kernmaterie (1)
- heiße Materie (1)
- heiße Pion Materie (1)
- heiße hadronic Materie (1)
- heiße und dichte Kernmaterie (1)
- heiße und dichte Materie (1)
- helicity amplitude analysis (1)
- herpes simplex virus type 1 (1)
- herpes simplex virus type 2 (1)
- hheterostructures (1)
- hidden Markov model (1)
- hidden charm production (1)
- hierarchies (1)
- high energie (1)
- high energy (1)
- high energy cosmic ray (1)
- high-energy nuclear collisions (1)
- highly regular nearby points (1)
- hippocampus (1)
- hitze (1)
- hohe Energie (1)
- holistic treatment (1)
- homogene Nukleation (1)
- hot (1)
- hot and dense matter (1)
- hot and dense nuclear matter (1)
- hot hadronic matter (1)
- hot hypernuclear matter (1)
- hot matter (1)
- hot pion matter (1)
- human capital investment (1)
- human intestinal fluid (1)
- hybrid approach to air shower simulations (1)
- hybrid regimes (1)
- hybridization (1)
- hydrogen storage (1)
- hydrogen-dependent CO2 reductase (1)
- hydrogenation of CO2 (1)
- hypermatter (1)
- hyperonic Materie (1)
- hyperonic matter (1)
- hypertrophy (1)
- hypervariable region (1)
- ideal gas (1)
- ideales Gas (1)
- in silico tools (1)
- in-medium decay (1)
- in-medium properties (1)
- inclusive reaction (1)
- incremental schemes (1)
- individual differences (1)
- individual-based models (1)
- inner product (1)
- innovations (1)
- integer points (1)
- integer vector (1)
- integro-differential equation (1)
- inter-individual variability (1)
- internalin B (1)
- intervenciones cognitivas (1)
- intracellular (1)
- introgression (1)
- inverse coefficient problem, (1)
- inverse slope parameter (1)
- irreversibility state (1)
- kaons (1)
- kinetisches Ausfrieren (1)
- kinetisches Modell (1)
- knockout (1)
- kollektive strom (1)
- kollidieren (1)
- lange hadron collider (1)
- language change (1)
- large hadron collider (1)
- lattice field theory (1)
- lead (1)
- light ecology (1)
- live-cell imaging (1)
- local field potentials (1)
- local randomness (1)
- logarithmic geometry (1)
- long wh-movement (1)
- long36 term protection (1)
- longitudinal flow (1)
- loving-kindness meditation (1)
- low energy hadronic model (1)
- lower bounds (1)
- lung cancer (1)
- lung development (1)
- légère sensibilité au contexte (1)
- machine learning (1)
- many-body correlations (1)
- mass spectra (1)
- maximum recoverable strain (1)
- meditación de bondad amorosa (1)
- memory-based learning (1)
- meson mass (1)
- metagrammars (1)
- methyltransferase (1)
- micropillar compression (1)
- microscopic transport theory (1)
- middle english (1)
- migrants’ language (1)
- mikroskopische Transporttheorie (1)
- mild context-sensitivity (1)
- minimal length (1)
- minimale Länge (1)
- mixing of hadron sources (1)
- modeling & simulation (1)
- moiré patterns (1)
- molecular dynamics (1)
- multi-drug treatment (1)
- multi-ethnolect (1)
- multicluster fission (1)
- multicomponent rewriting (1)
- muon (1)
- mutation parameter estimation (1)
- métagrammaires (1)
- nano-sized drugs (1)
- natural regeneration (1)
- natürliche Regeneration (1)
- neural nets (1)
- neuronal coherence (1)
- neutron and proton chemical potential (1)
- neutron stars (1)
- non-archimedean geometry (1)
- non-equilibrium dynamics (1)
- non-equilibrium quantum field dynamics (1)
- non-malleability (1)
- nuclear (1)
- nuclear cold fission (1)
- nuclear modification (1)
- nuclear shadowing (1)
- nuclear system (1)
- nucleus-nucleus collisions (1)
- offene charm Produktion (1)
- old english (1)
- one-way functions (1)
- open and hidden charm (1)
- open and hidden charm production (1)
- open charm production (1)
- open charm yield (1)
- opportunity structures (1)
- optimal transport (1)
- ordre des mots (1)
- orientation behavior (1)
- p p (1)
- pH (1)
- pQCD (1)
- pair HMM (1)
- parliaments (1)
- particle distribution (1)
- particle number fluctuations (1)
- particle ratios (1)
- parton distribution function (1)
- partonic (1)
- passives (1)
- patrimonial and legal-rational bureaucratic domination (1)
- perceptual closure (1)
- percolation (1)
- perfect (1)
- person splits (1)
- perturbative Quantum Chromodynamic (1)
- pharmacokinetics/ pharmacodynamics (PK/PD), (1)
- phase separation (1)
- phase transition (1)
- phi-features (1)
- phonology (1)
- phosphodiesterase (PDE) (1)
- photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- photon (1)
- phytosociological databank (1)
- pion (1)
- pion gas (1)
- pions (1)
- polnisch (1)
- polyQ (1)
- polynomial random number generator (1)
- population genomics (1)
- post-2020 biodiversity targets (1)
- power (1)
- pp modification (1)
- precision weighting (1)
- prediction error (1)
- predictive coding (1)
- predictive modelling (1)
- predictive processing (1)
- prefrontal cortex (1)
- prion-like (1)
- pro-domain (1)
- pro-enzyme (1)
- production of pentaquark (1)
- protein aggregation (1)
- pseudoelasticity (1)
- public opinion (1)
- pulsed SILAC (1)
- quantum chromodynamics (1)
- quark antiquark (1)
- quark gluon Plasma (1)
- quark mass (1)
- quark-meson coupling model (1)
- quarkonium (1)
- question formation (1)
- random function generator (1)
- random number generator (1)
- range concatenation grammar (1)
- reassembly (1)
- receptor tyrosine kinase (1)
- receptor tyrosine kinase activation (1)
- regeneration niche (1)
- regulatory science (1)
- reich (1)
- relativistic fluid of quarks (1)
- relativistic heavy ion collider (1)
- relativistic heavy ions (1)
- relativistic nuclear collisions (1)
- relativistischer Schwerionen-Zusammenstoßer (1)
- remote collaboration (1)
- rent seeking (1)
- resilience (1)
- resistance (1)
- resistance mutation (1)
- resting state (1)
- resting-state (1)
- resultative (1)
- rho meson (1)
- rhodesain (1)
- rich (1)
- robust parsing (1)
- root classes (1)
- saddle point shapes (1)
- scalar potential (1)
- schizophrenia (1)
- schwarzes Loch (1)
- schwere Hagedorn Zustände (1)
- schwere Ione (1)
- schwere Ionen Kollision (1)
- schweres Ion (1)
- scrambling (1)
- second cluster integral (1)
- security analysis of protocols (1)
- security of data (1)
- semantics (1)
- semidefinite optimization (1)
- sensory acquisition (1)
- sequence alignment (1)
- shared application (1)
- shell eyes (1)
- short integer relation (1)
- short linear motif (1)
- signature size (1)
- similarity-based learning (1)
- single block replacement (1)
- single-molecule FRET (1)
- single-particle tracking (1)
- sleep (1)
- small intestine (1)
- social investment (1)
- social investment (1)
- social structure (1)
- space-momentum correlation (1)
- space-time (1)
- speciation (1)
- spectra (1)
- speech tagging (1)
- spinocerebellar ataxia (1)
- stabile kalte Kerne (1)
- stable cold nuclear matter (1)
- statistical alignment (1)
- statistical model (1)
- statistical production of charmonia (1)
- stochastic population dynamics (1)
- stomach (1)
- storage optimization (1)
- strange (1)
- strange quark star (1)
- strangeness (1)
- strategic site selection (1)
- stress granules (1)
- stress patterns (1)
- subgroup growth (1)
- subject inversion (1)
- substitution attacks (1)
- sulfur (1)
- superheavy (1)
- superheavy nuclei (1)
- superschwer (1)
- superschwere Kerne (1)
- supersymmetric particle (1)
- symmetry potential (1)
- synaesthesia (1)
- syntactic decomposition (1)
- system (1)
- therapeutic equivalence (1)
- therapy evasion (1)
- thermal (1)
- thermosensation (1)
- thermotaxis (1)
- time pressure (1)
- tones (1)
- trafficking (1)
- trans (1)
- transition-metal oxides (1)
- transport models (1)
- transverse flow (1)
- trauma-related guilt (1)
- trauma-related shame (1)
- treatment protocol design (1)
- treatment success (1)
- tree-based grammars (1)
- trees (1)
- triplex (1)
- tropical geometry (1)
- tropical universal Jacobian (1)
- tropicalization (1)
- true ternary fission (1)
- ultra-peripheral collision (1)
- ultra-relativistic heavy ion collision (1)
- ultrarelativistic (1)
- ultrarelativistic energie (1)
- ultrarelativistic heavy ion collision (1)
- ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collision (1)
- ultrarelativistische Kollision des schweren Ionen (1)
- ultrarelativistische energie (1)
- ultrarelativistische schwere Ion Kollision (1)
- universal compactified Jacobian (1)
- value-added chemicals (1)
- van der Waals (1)
- vector meson production (1)
- vector mesons (1)
- vector potential (1)
- vergüenza asociada a trauma (1)
- vocalization production; (1)
- von Neumann algebras (1)
- welfare state (1)
- welfare state reform (1)
- whole-cell catalysis (1)
- whole-genome sequencing (1)
- word order (1)
- word order variation (1)
- zweite Gruppenintegral (1)
- zymogen (1)
- Österreich (1)
- Übertragung <Psychologie> (1)
Institute
- Physik (1237)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (857)
- Informatik (746)
- Medizin (171)
- Extern (82)
- Biowissenschaften (68)
- Ernst Strüngmann Institut (68)
- Psychologie (46)
- MPI für Hirnforschung (45)
- Mathematik (44)
Using 2.93 fb−1 of e+e− collision data taken with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, the observation of the D0→K1(1270)−e+νe semileptonic decay is presented. The statistical significance of the decay D0→K1(1270)−e+νe is greater than 10σ. The branching fraction of D0→K1(1270)−e+νe is measured to be (1.09±0.13+0.09−0.16±0.12)×10−3. Here, the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third originates from the assumed branching fraction of K1(1270)−→K−π+π−. The fraction of longitudinal polarization in D0→K1(1270)−e+νe is determined for the first time to be 0.50±0.19stat±0.08syst.
Using 2.93 fb−1 of e+e− collision data taken with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, the observation of the D0→K1(1270)−e+νe semileptonic decay is presented. The statistical significance of the decay D0→K1(1270)−e+νe is greater than 10σ. The branching fraction of D0→K1(1270)−e+νe is measured to be (1.09±0.13+0.09−0.13±0.12)×10−3. Here, the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third originates from the assumed branching fraction of K1(1270)−→K−π+π−.
The linear and mode-coupled contributions to higher-order anisotropic flow are presented for Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 27, 39, 54.4, and 200 GeV and compared to similar measurements for Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The coefficients and the flow harmonics' correlations, which characterize the linear and mode-coupled response to the lower-order anisotropies, indicate a beam energy dependence consistent with an influence from the specific shear viscosity (η/s). In contrast, the dimensionless coefficients, mode-coupled response coefficients, and normalized symmetric cumulants are approximately beam-energy independent, consistent with a significant role from initial-state effects. These measurements could provide unique supplemental constraints to (i) distinguish between different initial-state models and (ii) delineate the temperature (T) and baryon chemical potential (μB) dependence of the specific shear viscosity ηs(T,μB).
The linear and mode-coupled contributions to higher-order anisotropic flow are presented for Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 27, 39, 54.4, and 200 GeV and compared to similar measurements for Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The coefficients and the flow harmonics' correlations, which characterize the linear and mode-coupled response to the lower-order anisotropies, indicate a beam energy dependence consistent with an influence from the specific shear viscosity (η/s). In contrast, the dimensionless coefficients, mode-coupled response coefficients, and normalized symmetric cumulants are approximately beam-energy independent, consistent with a significant role from initial-state effects. These measurements could provide unique supplemental constraints to (i) distinguish between different initial-state models and (ii) delineate the temperature (T) and baryon chemical potential (μB) dependence of the specific shear viscosity ηs(T,μB).
Density fluctuations near the QCD critical point can be probed via an intermittency analysis in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We report the first measurement of intermittency in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 7.7-200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The scaled factorial moments of identified charged hadrons are analyzed at mid-rapidity and within the transverse momentum phase space. We observe a power-law behavior of scaled factorial moments in Au+Au collisions and a decrease in the extracted scaling exponent (ν) from peripheral to central collisions. The ν is consistent with a constant for different collisions energies in the mid-central (10-40\%) collisions. Moreover, the ν in the 0-5\% most central Au+Au collisions exhibits a non-monotonic energy dependence that reaches a possible minimum around sNN−−−√ = 27 GeV. The physics implications on the QCD phase structure are discussed.
Density fluctuations near the QCD critical point can be probed via an intermittency analysis in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We report the first measurement of intermittency in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 7.7-200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The scaled factorial moments of identified charged hadrons are analyzed at mid-rapidity and within the transverse momentum phase space. We observe a power-law behavior of scaled factorial moments in Au+Au collisions and a decrease in the extracted scaling exponent (ν) from peripheral to central collisions. The ν is consistent with a constant for different collisions energies in the mid-central (10-40\%) collisions. Moreover, the ν in the 0-5\% most central Au+Au collisions exhibits a non-monotonic energy dependence that reaches a possible minimum around sNN−−−√ = 27 GeV. The physics implications on the QCD phase structure are discussed.
Observation of directed flow of hypernuclei Λ³H and Λ⁴H in √sNN = 3 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC
(2023)
We report here the first observation of directed flow (v1) of the hypernuclei 3ΛH and 4ΛH in mid-central Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 3 GeV at RHIC. These data are taken as part of the beam energy scan program carried out by the STAR experiment. From 165 × 106 events in 5%-40% centrality, about 8400 3ΛH and 5200 4ΛH candidates are reconstructed through two- and three-body decay channels. We observe that these hypernuclei exhibit significant directed flow. Comparing to that of light nuclei, it is found that the midrapidity v1 slopes of 3ΛH and 4ΛH follow baryon number scaling, implying that the coalescence is the dominant mechanism for these hypernuclei production in such collisions.
Observation of directed flow of hypernuclei Λ³H and Λ⁴H in √sNN = 3 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC
(2022)
We report here the first observation of directed flow (v1) of the hypernuclei 3ΛH and 4ΛH in mid-central Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 3 GeV at RHIC. These data are taken as part of the beam energy scan program carried out by the STAR experiment. From 165 million good events in 5-40% centrality, about 8400 3ΛH and 5200 4ΛH candidates are reconstructed through two- and three-body decay channels. We observe that these hypernuclei exhibit significant directed flow. Comparing to that of light nuclei, it is found that the mid-rapidity v1 slopes of 3ΛH and 4ΛH follow baryon number scaling, implying that the coalescence is the dominant mechanism for these hypernuclei production in such collisions.
In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, a global spin polarization, PH, of Λ and Λ¯ hyperons along the direction of the system angular momentum was discovered and measured across a broad range of collision energies and demonstrated a trend of increasing PH with decreasing sNN−−−√. A splitting between Λ and Λ¯ polarization may be possible due to their different magnetic moments in a late-stage magnetic field sustained by the quark-gluon plasma which is formed in the collision. The results presented in this study find no significant splitting at the collision energies of sNN−−−√=19.6 and 27 GeV in the RHIC Beam Energy Scan Phase II using the STAR detector, with an upper limit of PΛ¯−PΛ<0.24% and PΛ¯−PΛ<0.35%, respectively, at a 95% confidence level. We derive an upper limit on the naïve extraction of the late-stage magnetic field of B<9.4⋅1012 T and B<1.4⋅1013 T at sNN−−−√=19.6 and 27 GeV, respectively, although more thorough derivations are needed. Differential measurements of PH were performed with respect to collision centrality, transverse momentum, and rapidity. With our current acceptance of |y|<1 and uncertainties, we observe no dependence on transverse momentum and rapidity in this analysis. These results challenge multiple existing model calculations following a variety of different assumptions which have each predicted a strong dependence on rapidity in this collision-energy range.
In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, a global spin polarization, PH, of Λ and Λ¯ hyperons along the direction of the system angular momentum was discovered and measured across a broad range of collision energies and demonstrated a trend of increasing PH with decreasing sNN−−−√. A splitting between Λ and Λ¯ polarization may be possible due to their different magnetic moments in a late-stage magnetic field sustained by the quark-gluon plasma which is formed in the collision. The results presented in this study find no significant splitting at the collision energies of sNN−−−√=19.6 and 27 GeV in the RHIC Beam Energy Scan Phase II using the STAR detector, with an upper limit of PΛ¯−PΛ<0.24% and PΛ¯−PΛ<0.35%, respectively, at a 95% confidence level. We derive an upper limit on the naïve extraction of the late-stage magnetic field of B<9.4⋅1012 T and B<1.4⋅1013 T at sNN−−−√=19.6 and 27 GeV, respectively, although more thorough derivations are needed. Differential measurements of PH were performed with respect to collision centrality, transverse momentum, and rapidity. With our current acceptance of |y|<1 and uncertainties, we observe no dependence on transverse momentum and rapidity in this analysis. These results challenge multiple existing model calculations following a variety of different assumptions which have each predicted a strong dependence on rapidity in this collision-energy range.
In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, a global spin polarization, PH, of Λ and Λ¯ hyperons along the direction of the system angular momentum was discovered and measured across a broad range of collision energies and demonstrated a trend of increasing PH with decreasing sNN−−−√. A splitting between Λ and Λ¯ polarization may be possible due to their different magnetic moments in a late-stage magnetic field sustained by the quark-gluon plasma which is formed in the collision. The results presented in this study find no significant splitting at the collision energies of sNN−−−√=19.6 and 27 GeV in the RHIC Beam Energy Scan Phase II using the STAR detector, with an upper limit of PΛ¯−PΛ<0.24% and PΛ¯−PΛ<0.35%, respectively, at a 95% confidence level. We derive an upper limit on the naïve extraction of the late-stage magnetic field of B<9.4⋅1012 T and B<1.4⋅1013 T at sNN−−−√=19.6 and 27 GeV, respectively, although more thorough derivations are needed. Differential measurements of PH were performed with respect to collision centrality, transverse momentum, and rapidity. With our current acceptance of |y|<1 and uncertainties, we observe no dependence on transverse momentum and rapidity in this analysis. These results challenge multiple existing model calculations following a variety of different assumptions which have each predicted a strong dependence on rapidity in this collision-energy range.
In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, a global spin polarization, PH, of Λ and Λ¯ hyperons along the direction of the system angular momentum was discovered and measured across a broad range of collision energies and demonstrated a trend of increasing PH with decreasing sNN−−−√. A splitting between Λ and Λ¯ polarization may be possible due to their different magnetic moments in a late-stage magnetic field sustained by the quark-gluon plasma which is formed in the collision. The results presented in this study find no significant splitting at the collision energies of sNN−−−√=19.6 and 27 GeV in the RHIC Beam Energy Scan Phase II using the STAR detector, with an upper limit of PΛ¯−PΛ<0.24% and PΛ¯−PΛ<0.35%, respectively, at a 95% confidence level. We derive an upper limit on the naïve extraction of the late-stage magnetic field of B<9.4⋅1012 T and B<1.4⋅1013 T at sNN−−−√=19.6 and 27 GeV, respectively, although more thorough derivations are needed. Differential measurements of PH were performed with respect to collision centrality, transverse momentum, and rapidity. With our current acceptance of |y|<1 and uncertainties, we observe no dependence on transverse momentum and rapidity in this analysis. These results challenge multiple existing model calculations following a variety of different assumptions which have each predicted a strong dependence on rapidity in this collision-energy range.
We report the first measurements of cumulants, up to 4th order, of deuteron number distributions and proton-deuteron correlations in Au+Au collisions recorded by the STAR experiment in phase-I of Beam Energy Scan (BES-I) program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Deuteron cumulants, their ratios, and proton-deuteron mixed cumulants are presented for different collision centralities covering a range of center of mass energy per nucleon pair sNN−−−√ = 7.7 to 200 GeV. It is found that the cumulant ratios at lower collision energies favor a canonical ensemble over a grand canonical ensemble in thermal models. An anti-correlation between proton and deuteron multiplicity is observed across all collision energies and centralities, consistent with the expectation from global baryon number conservation. The UrQMD model coupled with a phase-space coalescence mechanism qualitatively reproduces the collision-energy dependence of cumulant ratios and proton-deuteron correlations.
We report results on an elastic cross section measurement in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy s√=510 GeV, obtained with the Roman Pot setup of the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The elastic differential cross section is measured in the four-momentum transfer squared range 0.23≤−t≤0.67 GeV2. We find that a constant slope B does not fit the data in the aforementioned t range, and we obtain a much better fit using a second-order polynomial for B(t). The t dependence of B is determined using six subintervals of t in the STAR measured t range, and is in good agreement with the phenomenological models. The measured elastic differential cross section dσ/dt agrees well with the results obtained at s√=546~GeV for proton--antiproton collisions by the UA4 experiment. We also determine that the integrated elastic cross section within the STAR t-range is σfidel=462.1±0.9(stat.)±1.1(syst.)±11.6(scale) μb.
We report results on an elastic cross section measurement in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy s√=510 GeV, obtained with the Roman Pot setup of the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The elastic differential cross section is measured in the four-momentum transfer squared range 0.23≤−t≤0.67 GeV2. We find that a constant slope B does not fit the data in the aforementioned t range, and we obtain a much better fit using a second-order polynomial for B(t). The t dependence of B is determined using six subintervals of t in the STAR measured t range, and is in good agreement with the phenomenological models. The measured elastic differential cross section dσ/dt agrees well with the results obtained at s√=546 GeV for proton--antiproton collisions by the UA4 experiment. We also determine that the integrated elastic cross section within the STAR t-range is σfidel=462.1±0.9(stat.)±1.1(syst.)±11.6(scale) μb.
The longitudinal and transverse spin transfers to Λ (Λ¯¯¯¯) hyperons in polarized proton-proton collisions are expected to be sensitive to the helicity and transversity distributions, respectively, of (anti-)strange quarks in the proton, and to the corresponding polarized fragmentation functions. We report improved measurements of the longitudinal spin transfer coefficient, DLL, and the transverse spin transfer coefficient, DTT, to Λ and Λ¯¯¯¯ in polarized proton-proton collisions at √s = 200 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The data set includes longitudinally polarized proton-proton collisions with an integrated luminosity of 52 pb−1, and transversely polarized proton-proton collisions with a similar integrated luminosity. Both data sets have about twice the statistics of previous results and cover a kinematic range of |ηΛ(Λ¯¯¯¯)| < 1.2 and transverse momentum pT,Λ(Λ¯¯¯¯) up to 8 GeV/c. We also report the first measurements of the hyperon spin transfer coefficients DLL and DTT as a function of the fractional jet momentum z carried by the hyperon, which can provide more direct constraints on the polarized fragmentation functions.
The longitudinal and transverse spin transfers to Λ (Λ¯¯¯¯) hyperons in polarized proton-proton collisions are expected to be sensitive to the helicity and transversity distributions, respectively, of (anti-)strange quarks in the proton, and to the corresponding polarized fragmentation functions. We report improved measurements of the longitudinal spin transfer coefficient, DLL, and the transverse spin transfer coefficient, DTT, to Λ and Λ¯¯¯¯ in polarized proton-proton collisions at s√ = 200 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The data set includes longitudinally polarized proton-proton collisions with an integrated luminosity of 52 pb−1, and transversely polarized proton-proton collisions with a similar integrated luminosity. Both data sets have about twice the statistics of previous results and cover a kinematic range of |ηΛ(Λ¯¯¯¯)| < 1.2 and transverse momentum pT,Λ(Λ¯¯¯¯) up to 8 GeV/c. We also report the first measurements of the hyperon spin transfer coefficients DLL and DTT as a function of the fractional jet momentum z carried by the hyperon, which can provide more direct constraints on the polarized fragmentation functions.
The longitudinal and transverse spin transfers to Λ (Λ¯¯¯¯) hyperons in polarized proton-proton collisions are expected to be sensitive to the helicity and transversity distributions, respectively, of (anti-)strange quarks in the proton, and to the corresponding polarized fragmentation functions. We report improved measurements of the longitudinal spin transfer coefficient, DLL, and the transverse spin transfer coefficient, DTT, to Λ and Λ¯¯¯¯ in polarized proton-proton collisions at s√ = 200 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The data set includes longitudinally polarized proton-proton collisions with an integrated luminosity of 52 pb−1, and transversely polarized proton-proton collisions with a similar integrated luminosity. Both data sets have about twice the statistics of previous results and cover a kinematic range of |ηΛ(Λ¯¯¯¯)| < 1.2 and transverse momentum pT,Λ(Λ¯¯¯¯) up to 8 GeV/c. We also report the first measurements of the hyperon spin transfer coefficients DLL and DTT as a function of the fractional jet momentum z carried by the hyperon, which can provide more direct constraints on the
The differential cross section for Z0 production, measured as a function of the boson's transverse momentum (pT), provides important constraints on the evolution of the transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs). The transverse single spin asymmetry (TSSA) of the Z0 is sensitive to one of the polarized TMDs, the Sivers function, which is predicted to have the opposite sign in p+p →W/Z+X from that which enters in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering. In this Letter, the STAR Collaboration reports the first measurement of the Z0/γ∗ differential cross section as a function of its pT in p+p collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 510 GeV, together with the Z0/γ∗ total cross section. We also report the measurement of Z0/γ∗ TSSA in transversely polarized p+p collisions at 510 GeV.
For the search of the chiral magnetic effect (CME), STAR previously presented the results from isobar collisions (9644Ru+9644Ru, 9640Zr+9640Zr) obtained through a blind analysis. The ratio of results in Ru+Ru to Zr+Zr collisions for the CME-sensitive charge-dependent azimuthal correlator (Δγ), normalized by elliptic anisotropy (v2), was observed to be close to but systematically larger than the inverse multiplicity ratio. The background baseline for the isobar ratio, Y=(Δγ/v2)Ru(Δγ/v2)Zr, is naively expected to be (1/N)Ru(1/N)Zr; however, genuine two- and three-particle correlations are expected to alter it. We estimate the contributions to Y from those correlations, utilizing both the isobar data and HIJING simulations. After including those contributions, we arrive at a final background baseline for Y, which is consistent with the isobar data. We extract an upper limit for the CME fraction in the Δγ measurement of approximately 10% at a 95% confidence level on in isobar collisions at sNN−−−√=200 GeV.
The chiral magnetic wave (CMW) has been theorized to propagate in the deconfined nuclear medium formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, and to cause a difference in elliptic flow (v2) between negatively and positively charged hadrons. Experimental data consistent with the CMW have been reported by the STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), based on the charge asymmetry dependence of the pion v2 from Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 27 to 200 GeV. In this comprehensive study, we present the STAR measurements of elliptic flow and triangular flow of charged pions, along with the v2 of charged kaons and protons, as a function of charge asymmetry in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 27, 39, 62.4 and 200 GeV. The slope parameters extracted from the linear dependence of the v2 difference on charge asymmetry for different particle species are reported and compared in different centrality intervals. In addition, the slopes of v2 for charged pions in small systems, \textit{i.e.}, p+Au and d+Au at sNN−−−√ = 200 GeV, are also presented and compared with those in large systems, \textit{i.e.}, Au+Au at sNN−−−√ = 200 GeV and U+U at 193 GeV. Our results provide new insights for the possible existence of the CMW, and further constrain the background contributions in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC energies.
Elliptic flow of heavy-flavor decay electrons in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 27 and 54.4 GeV at RHIC
(2023)
We report on new measurements of elliptic flow (v2) of electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays at mid-rapidity (|y|<0.8) in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 27 and 54.4 GeV from the STAR experiment. Heavy-flavor decay electrons (eHF) in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 54.4 GeV exhibit a non-zero v2 in the transverse momentum (pT) region of pT< 2 GeV/c with the magnitude comparable to that at sNN−−−√=200 GeV. The measured eHF v2 at 54.4 GeV is also consistent with the expectation of their parent charm hadron v2 following number-of-constituent-quark scaling as other light and strange flavor hadrons at this energy. These suggest that charm quarks gain significant collectivity through the evolution of the QCD medium and may reach local thermal equilibrium in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√=54.4 GeV. The measured eHF v2 in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√= 27 GeV is consistent with zero within large uncertainties. The energy dependence of v2 for different flavor particles (π,ϕ,D0/eHF) shows an indication of quark mass hierarchy in reaching thermalization in high-energy nuclear collisions.
Elliptic flow of heavy-flavor decay electrons in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 27 and 54.4 GeV at RHIC
(2023)
We report on new measurements of elliptic flow (v2) of electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays at mid-rapidity (|y|<0.8) in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 27 and 54.4 GeV from the STAR experiment. Heavy-flavor decay electrons (eHF) in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 54.4 GeV exhibit a non-zero v2 in the transverse momentum (pT) region of pT< 2 GeV/c with the magnitude comparable to that at sNN−−−√=200 GeV. The measured eHF v2 at 54.4 GeV is also consistent with the expectation of their parent charm hadron v2 following number-of-constituent-quark scaling as other light and strange flavor hadrons at this energy. These suggest that charm quarks gain significant collectivity through the evolution of the QCD medium and may reach local thermal equilibrium in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√=54.4 GeV. The measured eHF v2 in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√= 27 GeV is consistent with zero within large uncertainties. The energy dependence of v2 for different flavor particles (π,ϕ,D0/eHF) shows an indication of quark mass hierarchy in reaching thermalization in high-energy nuclear collisions.
Elliptic flow of heavy-flavor decay electrons in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 27 and 54.4 GeV at RHIC
(2023)
We report on new measurements of elliptic flow (v2) of electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays at mid-rapidity (|y|<0.8) in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 27 and 54.4\,GeV from the STAR experiment. Heavy-flavor decay electrons (eHF) in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 54.4\,GeV exhibit a non-zero v2 in the transverse momentum (pT) region of pT< 2\,GeV/c with the magnitude comparable to that at sNN−−−√=200 \,GeV. The measured eHF v2 at 54.4\,GeV is also consistent with the expectation of their parent charm hadron v2 following number-of-constituent-quark scaling as other light and strange flavor hadrons at this energy. These suggest that charm quarks gain significant collectivity through the evolution of the QCD medium and may reach local thermal equilibrium in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√=54.4\,GeV. The measured eHF v2 in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√= 27\,GeV is consistent with zero within large uncertainties. The energy dependence of v2 for different flavor particles (π,ϕ,D0/eHF) shows an indication of quark mass hierarchy in reaching thermalization in high-energy nuclear collisions.
The STAR experiment at RHIC reports new measurements of jet quenching based on the semi-inclusive distribution of charged-particle jets recoiling from direct photon (γdir) and neutral pion (π0) triggers in p+p and central Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV, for triggers in the range 9<EtrigT<20 GeV. The datasets have integrated luminosities of 3.9 nb−1 for Au+Au and 23 pb−1 for p+p collisions. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-kT algorithm with resolution parameters R=0.2 and 0.5. The large uncorrelated jet background in central Au+Au collisions is corrected using a mixed-event approach, which enables precise charged-particle jet measurements at low transverse momentum pchT,jet and large R. Recoil-jet distributions are reported in the range pchT,jet<25 GeV. Comparison of the distributions measured in p+p and Au+Au collisions reveals strong medium-induced jet yield suppression for R=0.2, with markedly less suppression for R=0.5. These data provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying jet quenching, and the angular dependence of medium-induced jet-energy transport.
We report the first measurements of cumulants, up to 4th order, of deuteron number distributions and proton-deuteron correlations in Au+Au collisions recorded by the STAR experiment in phase-I of Beam Energy Scan (BES) program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Deuteron cumulants, their ratios, and proton-deuteron mixed cumulants are presented for different collision centralities covering a range of center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sNN−−−−√~=~7.7 to 200~GeV. It is found that the cumulant ratios at lower collision energies favor a canonical ensemble over a grand canonical ensemble in thermal models. An anti-correlation between proton and deuteron multiplicity is observed across all collision energies and centralities, consistent with the expectation from global baryon number conservation. The UrQMD model coupled with a phase-space coalescence mechanism qualitatively reproduces the collision-energy dependence of cumulant ratios and proton-deuteron correlations.
In heavy-ion collision experiments, the global collectivity of final-state particles can be quantified by anisotropic flow coefficients (vn). The first-order flow coefficient, also referred to as the directed flow (v1), describes the collective sideward motion of produced particles and nuclear fragments in heavy-ion collisions. It carries information on the very early stage of the collision, especially at large pseudorapidity (η), where it is believed to be generated during the nuclear passage time. Directed flow therefore probes the onset of bulk collective dynamics during thermalization, providing valuable experimental guidance to models of the pre-equilibrium stage. In 2018, the Event Plane Detector (EPD) was installed in STAR and used for the Beam Energy Scan phase-II (BES-II) data taking. The combination of EPD (2.1<|η|<5.1) and high-statistics BES-II data enables us to extend the v1 measurement to the forward and backward η regions. In this paper, we present the measurement of v1 over a wide η range in Au+Au collisions at √sNN= 19.6 and 27 GeV using the STAR EPD. The results of the analysis at √sNN=19.6 GeV exhibit excellent consistency with the previous PHOBOS measurement, while elevating the precision of the overall measurement. The increased precision of the measurement also revealed finer structures in heavy-ion collisions, including a potential observation of the first-order event-plane decorrelation. Multiple physics models were compared to the experimental results. Only a transport model and a three-fluid hybrid model can reproduce a sizable v1 at large η as was observed experimentally. The model comparison also indicates v1 at large η might be sensitive to the QGP phase transition.
With the STAR experiment at RHIC, we characterize √sNN = 200 GeV p+Au collisions by event activity (EA) measured within the pseudorapidity range η∈[−5,−3.4] in the Au-going direction and report correlations between this EA and hard- and soft-scale particle production at mid-rapidity (η∈[−1,1]). At the soft scale, charged particle production in low-EA p+Au collisions is comparable to that in \pp collisions and increases monotonically with increasing EA. At the hard scale, we report measurements of high transverse momentum (pT) jets in events of different EAs. In contrast to the soft particle production, high-pT particle production and EA are found to be inversely related. To investigate whether this is a signal of jet quenching in high-EA events, we also report ratios of pT imbalance and azimuthal separation of dijets in high- and low-EA events. Within our measurement precision, no significant differences are observed, disfavoring the presence of jet quenching in the highest 30% EA p+Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV.
Atomic nuclei are self-organized, many-body quantum systems bound by strong nuclear forces within femtometer-scale space. These complex systems manifest a diverse set of shapes~, traditionally explored via non-invasive spectroscopic techniques at low energies. Their instantaneous shapes, obscured by long-timescale quantum fluctuations, are considered not directly observable at low energy. We introduce a complementary method, collective flow assisted nuclear shape imaging, to image the nuclear global shape by colliding them at ultrarelativistic speeds and analyzing the collective response of outgoing debris. This technique captures a collision-specific snapshot of the spatial matter distribution in the nuclei, which, through the hydrodynamic expansion, leaves imprints on the particle momentum distribution patterns observed in detectors. We benchmark this method in collisions of ground state Uranium-238 nuclei, known for its elongated, axial-symmetric shape. Our findings, while confirming an overall deformation broadly consistent with prior low-energy experiments, also indicate a small deviation from axial symmetry in the nuclear ground state. This approach marks a new way of imaging nuclei, especially those with uncertain shape characteristics, and refines initial conditions in high-energy nuclear collisions. It tackles the important issue of nuclear structure evolution across various energy scales.
In a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), the fundamental building blocks of matter, quarks and gluons, are under extreme conditions of temperature and density. A QGP could exist in the early stages of the Universe, and in various objects and events in the cosmos. The thermodynamic and hydrodynamic properties of the QGP are described by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and can be studied in heavy-ion collisions. Despite being a key thermodynamic parameter, the QGP temperature is still poorly known. Thermal lepton pairs (e+e− and μ+μ−) are ideal penetrating probes of the true temperature of the emitting source, since their invariant-mass spectra suffer neither from strong final-state interactions nor from blue-shift effects due to rapid expansion. Here we measure the QGP temperature using thermal e+e− production at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The average temperature from the low-mass region (in-medium ρ0 vector-meson dominant) is (1.99±0.24)×1012 K, consistent with the chemical freeze-out temperature from statistical models and the phase transition temperature from LQCD. The average temperature from the intermediate mass region (above the ρ0 mass, QGP dominant) is significantly higher at (3.40±0.55)×1012 K. This work provides essential experimental thermodynamic measurements to map out the QCD phase diagram and understand the properties of matter under extreme conditions.
We report results on an elastic cross section measurement in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy s√=510 GeV, obtained with the Roman Pot setup of the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The elastic differential cross section is measured in the four-momentum transfer squared range 0.23≤−t≤0.67 GeV2. We find that a constant slope B does not fit the data in the aforementioned t range, and we obtain a much better fit using a second-order polynomial for B(t). The t dependence of B is determined using six subintervals of t in the STAR measured t range, and is in good agreement with the phenomenological models. The measured elastic differential cross section dσ/dt agrees well with the results obtained at s√=546 GeV for proton--antiproton collisions by the UA4 experiment. We also determine that the integrated elastic cross section within the STAR t-range is σfidel=462.1±0.9(stat.)±1.1(syst.)±11.6(scale) μb.
The STAR Collaboration presents measurements of the semi-inclusive distribution of charged-particle jets recoiling from energetic direct-photon γdir and neutral-pion (π0) triggers in p+p and central Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV over a broad kinematic range, for jet resolution parameters R=0.2 and 0.5. Medium-induced jet yield suppression is observed to be larger for R=0.2 than for 0.5, reflecting the angular range of jet energy redistribution due to quenching. The magnitude of suppression is similar for γdir- and π0-triggered data, which constrains the color-charge and path-length dependence of jet quenching. Theoretical model calculations incorporating jet quenching do not fully describe the measurements.
The STAR Collaboration presents measurements of the semi-inclusive distribution of charged-particle jets recoiling from energetic direct-photon γdir and neutral-pion (π0) triggers in p+p and central Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√=200 GeV over a broad kinematic range, for jet resolution parameters R=0.2 and 0.5. Medium-induced jet yield suppression is observed to be larger for R=0.2 than for 0.5, reflecting the angular range of jet energy redistribution due to quenching. The magnitude of suppression is similar for γdir- and π0-triggered data, which constrains the color-charge and path-length dependence of jet quenching. Theoretical model calculations incorporating jet quenching do not fully describe the measurements.
We measure triangular flow relative to the reaction plane at 3 GeV center-of-mass energy in Au+Au collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. A significant v3 signal for protons is observed, which increases for higher rapidity, higher transverse momentum, and more peripheral collisions. The triangular flow is essentially rapidity-odd with a slope at mid-rapidity, dv3/dy|(y=0), opposite in sign compared to the slope for directed flow. No significant v3 signal is observed for charged pions and kaons. Comparisons with models suggest that a mean field potential is required to describe these results, and that the triangular shape of the participant nucleons is the result of stopping and nuclear geometry.
We measure triangular flow relative to the reaction plane at 3 GeV center-of-mass energy in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. A significant v3 signal is observed for protons, whose magnitude increases for higher rapidity, higher transverse momentum, and more peripheral collisions. The triangular flow is essentially rapidity-odd with a rapidity slope at mid-rapidity, dv3/dy|(y=0), opposite in sign compared to the slope for directed flow. No significant v3 signal is observed for charged pions and kaons. Comparisons with models suggest that a mean field potential is required to describe these results, and that the triangular shape of the participant nucleons is the result of stopping and nuclear geometry.
We report results on an elastic cross section measurement in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy s√=510 GeV, obtained with the Roman Pot setup of the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The elastic differential cross section is measured in the four-momentum transfer squared range 0.23≤−t≤0.67 GeV2. We find that a constant slope B does not fit the data in the aforementioned t range, and we obtain a much better fit using a second-order polynomial for B(t). The t dependence of B is determined using six subintervals of t in the STAR measured t range, and is in good agreement with the phenomenological models. The measured elastic differential cross section dσ/dt agrees well with the results obtained at s√=546 GeV for proton--antiproton collisions by the UA4 experiment. We also determine that the integrated elastic cross section within the STAR t-range is σfidel=462.1±0.9(stat.)±1.1(syst.)±11.6(scale) μb.
Abstract
Seed harvesting from wild plant populations is key for ecological restoration, but may threaten the persistence of source populations. Consequently, several countries have set guidelines limiting the proportions of harvestable seeds. However, these guidelines are so far inconsistent, and they lack a solid empirical basis. Here, we use high-resolution data from 298 plant species to model the demographic consequences of seed harvesting. We find that the current guidelines do not protect populations of annuals and short-lived perennials, while they are overly restrictive for long-lived plants. We show that the maximum possible fraction of seed production – what can be harvested without compromising the long-term persistence of populations – is strongly related to the generation time of the target species. When harvesting every year, this safe seed fraction ranges from 80% in long-lived species to 2% in most annuals. Less frequent seed harvesting substantially increases the safe seed fraction: In the most vulnerable annual species, it is safe to harvest 5%, 10% or 30% of population seed production when harvesting every two, five or ten years, respectively. Our results provide a quantitative basis for seed harvesting legislations worldwide, based on species’ generation time and harvesting regime.
Significance The UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, 2021-2030, foresees upscaling restoration, and the demand for native seed is skyrocketing. Seeds for restoring native vegetation are often harvested in wild, but too intensive harvest can threaten the donor populations. Existing guidelines that set limits to wild seed harvest are mostly based on expert opinions, yet they commonly lack empirical basis and vary among regions in one order of magnitude. We show that the current guidelines urgently need to be reformulated, because they are overly restrictive in long-lived species, while they do not protect annual plants from extinction. Using matrix population models of nearly 300 plant species, we provide a quantitative basis for a new seed harvesting legislation world-wide.
Measurements of exclusive J/ψ, ψ(2s), and electron-positron (e+e−) pair photoproduction in Au+Au ultra-peripheral collisions are reported by the STAR experiment at √sNN=200 GeV. We report several first measurements at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider, which are i) J/ψ photoproduction with large momentum transfer up to 2.2 (GeV/c)2, ii) coherent J/ψ photoproduction associated with neutron emissions from nuclear breakup, iii) the rapidity dependence of incoherent J/ψ photoproduction, iv) the ψ(2s) photoproduction cross section at mid-rapidity, and v) e+e− pair photoproduction up to high invariant mass of 6 GeV/c2. For measurement ii), the coherent J/ψ total cross section of γ∗+Au→J/ψ+Au as a function of the center-of-mass energy Wγ∗N has been obtained without photon energy ambiguities. The data are quantitatively compared with the Monte Carlo models STARlight, Sartre, BeAGLE, and theoretical calculations of gluon saturation with color glass condensate, nuclear shadowing with leading twist approximation, Quantum Electrodynamics, and the Next-to-Leading Order perturbative QCD. At the photon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 25.0 GeV, the coherent and incoherent J/ψ cross sections of Au nuclei are found to be 71±10% and 36±7%, respectively, of that of free protons. These data provide an important experimental constraint for nuclear parton distribution functions and a unique opportunity to advance the understanding of the nuclear modification effect at the top RHIC energy.
Using e+e− annihilation data sets collected with the BESIII detector, we measure the cross sections of the processes e+e−→e+e− and e+e−→μ+μ− at fifteen center-of-mass energy points in the vicinity of the J/ψ resonance. By a simultaneous fit to the measured, center-of-mass energy dependent cross sections of the two processes, the combined quantities ΓeeΓee/Γtot and ΓeeΓμμ/Γtot are determined to be (0.346±0.009) and (0.335±0.006) keV, respectively, where Γee, Γμμ, and Γtot are the electronic, muonic, and total decay widths of the J/ψ resonance, respectively. Using the resultant ΓeeΓμμ/Γtot and ΓeeΓee/Γtot, the ratio Γee/Γμμ is calculated to be 1.031±0.015, which is consistent with the expectation of lepton universality within about two standard deviations. Assuming lepton universality and using the branching fraction of the J/ψ leptonic decay measured by BESIII in 2013, Γtot and Γll are determined to be (93.0±2.1) and (5.56±0.11) keV, respectively, where Γll is the average leptonic decay width of the J/ψ resonance.
Cyclin CLB2 mRNA localization and protein synthesis link cell cycle progression to bud growth
(2024)
Clb2 is a conserved mitotic B-type cyclin, the levels of which are finely controlled to drive progression through the cell cycle. While it is known that CLB2 transcription and Clb2 protein degradation are important for precise control of its expression, it remains unclear whether the synthesis of Clb2 is also regulated. To address whether and how Clb2 expression levels respond to cell growth changes and adapt cell cycle progression, we combined single-cell and single-molecule imaging methods to measure CLB2 mRNA and protein expression throughout the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle. We found that the CLB2 mRNA was efficiently localized to the yeast bud as soon as this compartment was formed, but strikingly the Clb2 protein accumulated in the mother nucleus. The CLB2 mRNA localization in the yeast bud by the She2-3 complex did not control protein localization but rather promoted CLB2 translation. Moreover, CLB2 mRNA bud localization and protein synthesis were coupled and dependent on a single secondary structure -a ZIP code-located in the coding sequence. In a CLB2 ZIP code mutant, mRNA localization was impaired and Clb2 protein synthesis decreased, resulting in changes in cell cycle distribution and increased size of daughter cells at birth. Finally, while in WT cells the Clb2 protein concentration followed bud growth, this relationship was impaired in the ZIP code mutant. We propose that S. cerevisiae couples the control of CLB2 mRNA bud localization and protein synthesis to coordinate cell growth and cell cycle progression. This mechanism extends our knowledge of CLB2 expression regulation, and constitutes a novel function for mRNA localization.
The quantum entangled J/ψ→Σ+Σ¯− pairs from (1.0087±0.0044)×1010 J/ψ events taken by the BESIII detector are used to study the non-leptonic two-body weak decays Σ+→nπ+ and Σ¯−→n¯π−. The CP-odd weak decay parameters of the decays Σ+→nπ+ (α+) and Σ¯−→n¯π− (α¯−) are determined to be −0.0565±0.0047stat±0.0022syst and 0.0481±0.0031stat±0.0019syst, respectively. The decay parameter α¯− is measured for the first time, and the accuracy of α+ is improved by a factor of four compared to the previous results. The simultaneously determined decay parameters allow the first precision CP symmetry test for any hyperon decay with a neutron in the final state with the measurement of ACP=(α++α¯−)/(α+−α¯−) = −0.080±0.052stat±0.028syst. Assuming CP conservation, the average decay parameter is determined as ⟨α+⟩=(α+−α¯−)/2 = −0.0506±0.0026stat±0.0019syst, while the ratios α+/α0 and α¯−/α¯0 are −0.0490±0.0032stat±0.0021syst and −0.0571±0.0053stat±0.0032syst, where α0 and α¯0 are the decay parameters of the decays Σ+→pπ0 and Σ¯−→p¯π0, respectively.
The radiative hyperon decay Λ→nγ is studied using (10087±44)×106 J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector operating at BEPCII. The absolute branching fraction of the decay Λ→nγ is determined with a significance of 5.6σ to be [0.832±0.038(stat.)±0.054(syst.)]×10−3, which lies significantly below the current PDG value. By analyzing the joint angular distribution of the decay products, the first determination of the decay asymmetry αγ is reported with a value of −0.16±0.10(stat.)±0.05(syst.).
Using about 23 fb−1 of data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, a precise measurement of the e+e−→π+π−J/ψ Born cross section is performed at center-of-mass energies from 3.7730 to 4.7008 GeV. Two structures, identified as the Y(4220) and the Y(4320) states, are observed in the energy-dependent cross section with a significance larger than 10σ. The masses and widths of the two structures are determined to be (M,Γ) = (4221.4±1.5±2.0 MeV/c2, 41.8±2.9±2.7 MeV) and (M,Γ) = (4298±12±26 MeV/c2, 127±17±10 MeV), respectively. A small enhancement around 4.5 GeV with a significance about 3σ, compatible with the ψ(4415), might also indicate the presence of an additional resonance in the spectrum. The inclusion of this additional contribution in the fit to the cross section affects the resonance parameters of the Y(4320) state.
Using about 23 fb−1 of data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, a precise measurement of the e+e−→π+π−J/ψ Born cross section is performed at center-of-mass energies from 3.7730 to 4.7008 GeV. Two structures, identified as the Y(4220) and the Y(4320) states, are observed in the energy-dependent cross section with a significance larger than 10σ. The masses and widths of the two structures are determined to be (M,Γ) = (4221.4±1.5±2.0 MeV/c2, 41.8±2.9±2.7 MeV) and (M,Γ) = (4298±12±26 MeV/c2, 127±17±10 MeV), respectively. A small enhancement around 4.5 GeV with a significance about 3σ, compatible with the ψ(4415), might also indicate the presence of an additional resonance in the spectrum. The inclusion of this additional contribution in the fit to the cross section affects the resonance parameters of the Y(4320) state.
The cross sections of e+e−→K+K−J/ψ at center-of-mass energies from 4.127 to 4.600 GeV are measured based on 15.6 fb−1 data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Two resonant structures are observed in the line shape of the cross sections. The mass and width of the first structure are measured to be (4225.3 ± 2.3 ± 21.5) MeV and (72.9±6.1±30.8) MeV, respectively. They are consistent with those of the established Y(4230). The second structure is observed for the first time with a statistical significance greater than 8σ, denoted as Y(4500). Its mass and width are determined to be (4484.7 ± 13.3 ± 24.1) MeV and (111.1 ± 30.1 ± 15.2) MeV, respectively. The first presented uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The product of the electronic partial width with the decay branching fraction Γ(Y(4230)→e+e−)B(Y(4230) → K+K−J/ψ) is reported.
The cross sections of e+e−→K+K−J/ψ at center-of-mass energies from 4.127 to 4.600~GeV are measured based on 15.6 fb−1 data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Two resonant structures are observed in the line shape of the cross sections. The mass and width of the first structure are measured to be (4225.3±2.3±21.5) MeV and (72.9±6.1±30.8)~MeV, respectively. They are consistent with those of the established Y(4230). The second structure is observed for the first time with a statistical significance greater than 8σ, denoted as Y(4500). Its mass and width are determined to be (4484.7±13.3±24.1) MeV and (111.1±30.1±15.2) MeV, respectively. The first presented uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The product of the electronic partial width with the decay branching fraction Γ(Y(4230)→e+e−)B(Y(4230)→K+K−J/ψ) is reported.
The cross sections of e+e−→K+K−J/ψ at center-of-mass energies from 4.127 to 4.600~GeV are measured based on 15.6 fb−1 data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Two resonant structures are observed in the line shape of the cross sections. The mass and width of the first structure are measured to be (4225.3±2.3±21.5) MeV and (72.9±6.1±30.8)~MeV, respectively. They are consistent with those of the established Y(4230). The second structure is observed for the first time with a statistical significance greater than 8σ, denoted as Y(4500). Its mass and width are determined to be (4484.7±13.3±24.1) MeV and (111.1±30.1±15.2) MeV, respectively. The first presented uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The product of the electronic partial width with the decay branching fraction Γ(Y(4230)→e+e−)B(Y(4230)→K+K−J/ψ) is reported.
We present the first observation of the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay Λ+c→ΛK+π0 with a significance of 5.7σ and the first evidence of Λ+c→ΛK+π+π− decay with a significance of 3.1σ, based on e+e− annihilation data recorded by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 6.4 fb−1, in the center-of-mass energy range from 4.600 GeV to 4.950 GeV. We determine the branching fractions of Λ+c→ΛK+π0 and Λ+c→ΛK+π+π− relative to their Cabibbo-favored counterparts to be B(Λ+c→ΛK+π0)B(Λ+c→Λπ+π0)=(2.09±0.39stat.±0.07syst.)×10−2 and B(Λ+c→ΛK+π+π−)B(Λ+c→Λπ+π+π−)=(1.13±0.41stat.±0.06syst.)×10−2, respectively. Moreover, by combining our measured result with the world average of B(Λ+c→Λπ+π0), we obtain the branching fraction B(Λ+c→ΛK+π0)=(1.49±0.27stat.±0.05syst.±0.08ref.)×10−3. This result significantly departs from theoretical predictions based on quark SU(3) flavor symmetry, which is underpinned by the presumption of meson pair S-wave amplitude dominance.
We present the first observation of the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay Λ+c→ΛK+π0 with a significance of 5.7σ and the first evidence of Λ+c→ΛK+π+π− decay with a significance of 3.1σ, based on e+e− annihilation data recorded by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 6.4 fb−1, in the center-of-mass energy range from 4.600 GeV to 4.950 GeV. We determine the branching fractions of Λ+c→ΛK+π0 and Λ+c→ΛK+π+π− relative to their Cabibbo-favored counterparts to be B(Λ+c→ΛK+π0)B(Λ+c→Λπ+π0)=(2.09±0.39stat.±0.07syst.)×10−2 and B(Λ+c→ΛK+π+π−)B(Λ+c→Λπ+π+π−)=(1.13±0.41stat.±0.06syst.)×10−2, respectively. Moreover, by combining our measured result with the world average of B(Λ+c→Λπ+π0), we obtain the branching fraction B(Λ+c→ΛK+π0)=(1.49±0.27stat.±0.05syst.±0.08ref.)×10−3. This result significantly departs from theoretical predictions based on quark SU(3) flavor symmetry, which is underpinned by the presumption of meson pair S-wave amplitude dominance.