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Fachkräftesicherung durch betriebliche Aus- und Weiterbildung :
IAB-Betriebspanel Report Hessen 2018
(2019)
Mit einer beruflichen Ausbildung, dual oder vollzeitschulisch, beginnt für einen Großteil der jungen Menschen in Deutschland der Start ins Berufsleben. Ausgestattet mit spezifischen Kompetenzen, Wissen und erster Arbeitserfahrung erleben Auszubildende in Hessen heute bessere Chancen nach ihrem
Abschluss von ihrem Ausbildungsbetrieb übernommen zu werden als noch vor zehn Jahren. Treiber dieser Entwicklung sind einerseits in der Alterszusammensetzung der Belegschaften, die das Nachrücken von jüngeren Beschäftigten erfordert, zu suchen. Andererseits trägt der anhaltende Trend zur Akade- misierung dazu bei, dass sich das Angebot an potentiell verfügbaren Fachkräften mit abgeschlossener Berufsausbildung, nicht nur demografiebedingt, weiter verknappt. Erwarteten im Jahr 2018 Ausbildungsbetriebe, dass sie in den kommenden beiden Jahren Schwierigkeiten bei der Rekrutierung von Fach- kräften auf dem Arbeitsmarkt erfahren, waren sie etwas häufiger daran interessiert Auszubildende zu übernehmen. Die ausgelernten Auszubildenden werden dabei nicht nur vom Aus- bildungsbetrieb umworben. Besonders die kleineren Betriebe stehen mit den Großbetrieben im Wettbewerb um ihre Absol- ventinnen und Absolventen, wobei die Großbetriebe aufgrund der sich dort bietenden Karriere- und Verdienst- möglichkeiten als besonders attraktiv gelten. Großbetriebe in Hessen konnten im
Jahr 2018 dann auch drei von vier eigenen Auszubildenden für eine Beschäftigung im Betrieb gewinnen. Die Kleinstbetriebe (1 bis 9 Beschäftigte) erreichten sogar eine noch größere Über- nahmequote, sie übernahmen vier von fünf ausgebildeten Fach- kräften – dabei gilt es allerdings zu berücksichtigen, dass sie mit 2.500 Absolventinnen und Absolventen nur ein Fünftel der Absolventenzahl der Großbetriebe erreichten. Die mittel- großen Betriebe (50 bis 249 Beschäftigte) vermeldeten hingegen Absolventenzahlen in der Größenordnung der Großbetriebe, beschäftigten in Folge aber deutlich weniger eigene Auszu- bildende. Trotz oder vielleicht gerade aufgrund des stetigen Bestandsverlusts an Ausbildungsbetrieben im Verlauf der vergangenen zehn Jahre zeigten sich die verbliebenen aus- bildungsberechtigten Betriebe auch im Jahr 2018 wieder besonders häufig in Ausbildung aktiv. Für das Ausbildungsjahr 2017/2018 wurde zudem mit einem Angebot von mehr als 62 Tausend neuen Ausbildungsplätzen ein neuer Maximalwert seit Beginn der Beobachtungen im Jahr 2002 erreicht. Allerdings erlebten die Betriebe in diesem Jahr auch besonders große Schwierigkeiten alle angebotenen Plätze zu besetzen: Der Anteil besetzter Plätze fiel erstmals unter 80 Prozent. Besonders viele Ausbildungsplätze hatten für das Ausbildungsjahr 2017/2018 die sonstigen Dienstleistungen gemeldet. Allerdings traf dieses Angebot nicht in ausreichender Zahl auf potentiell Interessierte und so blieb eine von vier Ausbildungsstellen unbesetzt. Weit weniger Stellen hingegen hatte die Öffentliche Verwaltung bzw. Organisationen ohne Erwerbszweck ausgeschrieben, konnten diese dafür fast vollständig besetzen. Wie die Übernahmebereitschaft korrelieren auch die Ausbildungsaktivitäten der Betriebe mit der Erwartung, wie sich die Fachkräftesituation in den kommenden Jahren gestalten wird. Betriebe, die in den kommenden beiden Jahren vermehrt Schwierigkeiten bei der Rekrutierung von Fachkräften auf dem Arbeitsmarkt erwarteten, waren wiederum häufiger in Ausbildung aktiv. Während die berufliche Erstausbildung grundlegend für einen Beruf qualifiziert, wird in Weiterbildungen Wissen aktualisiert oder Neues vermittelt. Angesichts der sich verändernden Rahmenbedingungen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt, auch aufgrund der fortschreitenden Digital- isierung, wird erwartet, dass sich der Aufgabenzuschnitt der meisten Beschäftigten zukünftig immer häufiger verändern wird. Weiterbildungen gewinnen in diesem Fall für alle Beschäft-igtengruppen an Bedeutung. Entgegen der Erwartung, dass die Betriebe entsprechend ihre Weiterbildungsaktivitäten steigern, unterstützte im ersten Halbjahr 2018 nur noch jeder zweite Betrieb Hessens seine Beschäftigten bei einer Weiterbildung. Im Vor jahreszeitraum waren dies noch 54 Prozent gewesen. Geringer als im Vorjahr fiel die Weiterbildungsbeteiligung der kleineren Betriebe bis 49 Beschäftigte aus, die mittelgroßen Betriebe (50 bis 249 Beschäftigte) waren hingegen deutlich häufiger in Weiterbildung aktiv. Am häufigsten nahmen, wie in den Vorjahren, auch im ersten Halbjahr des Jahres 2018 qualifiziert Beschäftigte an Weiterbildungen teil, auch wenn ihr Anteil im Vergleich zum Vorjahr weiter gefallen ist. Die Weiterbildungsquote der Beschäftigten für einfache Tätigkeiten verfehlte ebenfalls den Vorjahreswert. Frauen hatten wiederholt bessere Chancen als Männer bei einer Weiterbildung durch den Betrieb gefördert zu werden. Frauen waren gleichzeitigt in den Wirtschaftszweigen mit besonders hohen Weiterbildungs- quoten überdurchschnittlich stark vertreten.
Seit 1995 werden in der Region Rhein-Main jährlich schriftlich Betriebe zu ihrer Beschäftigungserwartung in den kommenden beiden Jahren sowie zu wechselnden Schwerpunktthemen befragt. Die Befragung und Auswertung wird vom Institut für Wirtschaft, Arbeit und Kultur (IWAK), Zentrum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, in Kooperation mit der Regionaldirektion Hessen der Bundesagentur für Arbeit und dem Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung der Bundesagentur für Arbeit durchgeführt. Ziel der Befragung ist es, Einschätzungen der Betriebe über zukünftige Entwicklungen auf dem regionalen Arbeitsmarkt zu erhalten und auf diesem Weg evidenzbasiertes und strategisches Handeln zu fördern. Der demographische Wandel, die Globalisierung und die Digitalisierung sind Megatrends, welche die Wirtschaft, den Arbeitsmarkt, die Bildung und die Kultur beeinflussen. Insbesondere die Folgen einer zunehmenden Digitalisierung und Automatisierung der Arbeitswelt werden aktuell intensiv diskutiert. Dabei liegt der Fokus meist auf den Substituierbarkeitspotenzialen menschlicher Arbeitskraft, seltener werden Wahrnehmung und Folgenabschätzung durch die Betriebe untersucht. Die aktuelle IWAK-Betriebsbefragung liefert Erkenntnisse darüber, welche Bedeutung die Betriebe in der Region Rhein-Main der Digitalisierungsthematik beimessen und welche Veränderungen sie wahrnehmen. Darüber hinaus wird erfasst, in welchem Umfang und mit welcher Motivation die Betriebe in der Region mit dem Einsatz moderner digitaler Technologien mobiles Arbeiten fördern. Grundgesamtheit der Bruttostichprobe ist die Betriebsdatei der Bundesagentur für Arbeit, welche alle Betriebe mit mindestens einem sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten enthält. Für die Befragung im Herbst 2018 wurden ca. 6.900 Betriebe in der Region Rhein-Main angeschrieben und eine Rücklaufquote von 13 Prozent erreicht. Damit Aussagen zu allen Betrieben in der Region möglich sind, werden die Daten zu den Einzelbetrieben nach Betriebsgröße und Wirtschaftszweig gemäß der tatsächlichen Verteilung der Betriebe in der Region gewichtet. Die Angaben sind nach der Gewichtung repräsentativ für alle Betriebe und Dienststellen in der Region Rhein-Main mit mindestens einem sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten. Die Abgrenzung der Region Rhein-Main umfasst im Einzelnen die IHK-Bezirke Rheinhessen, Wiesbaden, Frankfurt, Limburg, Gießen-Friedberg, Hanau-Gelnhausen-Schlüchtern, Offenbach, Darmstadt sowie Aschaffenburg. Diese repräsentieren insgesamt 24 Landkreise und kreisfreie Städte in der Region.
In Teil I des vorliegenden Dossiers wird zunächst ein Überblick über die vorliegende Literatur zur Gruppe der geringqualifizierten Beschäftigten, ihrer Beteiligung an Weiterbildung und Motivation zur Teilnahme daran präsentiert. Hierbei wird nach hemmenden und förderlichen Faktoren unterschieden. Im daran anschließenden Teil II werden die Perspektive Beschäftigter in der Nachqualifizierung und die empirisch untersuchten förderlichen Faktoren beleuchtet. Dazu wird zunächst das Studiendesign, das methodische Vorgehen und das Sample beschrieben und anschließend die aus der Studie abzuleitenden Ergebnisse präsentiert. Zusammengeführt werden die Ergebnisse in der Typisierung an- und ungelernter Beschäftigter in der Nachqualifizierung. Daraufhin werden in Teil III anhand der einzelnen Typen von Beschäftigten Empfehlungen für die Beratung abgeleitet und erläutert. Auf diese Weise soll den Beratungskräften der Initiative ProAbschluss, die sowohl Unternehmen als auch Beschäftigte direkt ansprechen können, eine Unterstützung geboten werden, um Beratung fein auszutarieren und noch zielgruppengerechter zu gestalten
Kapitel 1 des Dossiers beschreibt zunächst das Zulassungsverfahren für Externenprüfungen, erläutert im Rahmen der Datenauswertung verwendete Begrifflichkeiten und stellt das methodische Vorgehen vor. In Kapitel 2 wird die Bedeutung der Nachqualifizierung in Hessen insgesamt beleuchtet. Hier werden die Teilnahmen an Externenprüfungen im bundesdeutschen wie auch im Vergleich der Regionen des Bundeslandes dargestellt und Entwicklungen der vergangenen Jahre nachgezeichnet. Im Anschluss werden die Personen, die an einer Externenprüfung teilgenommen haben, anhand soziodemografischer Daten (Alter, Geschlecht, schulische Vorbildung) näher beschrieben und mit den Bezieherinnen und Beziehern des hessischen Qualifizierungsschecks verglichen. Das Kapitel endet mit einer Darstellung der Berufe, in denen in Hessen besonders viele Externenprüfungen absolviert wurden. Auch hier wird ein Vergleich mit den ProAbschluss‐Statistiken vorgenommen. Kapitel 3 beinhaltet regionalisierte Analysen für die zehn IHK‐Kammerbezirke in Hessen: Im ersten Teil wird das Ausmaß, in dem Berufsabschlüsse per Nachqualifizierung erlangt werden, für die Berufe mit den meisten Externenprüfungen verglichen. Im zweiten Teil folgt eine detaillierte Betrachtung der Situation innerhalb der einzelnen IHK‐Kammerbezirke, wobei verdeutlicht wird, in welchen Berufen vergleichsweise wenige Externenprüfungen absolviert werden. Das Dossier schließt mit einem Fazit in Kapitel 4.
Das Projekt „Frühinformationssystem regio pro“1 liefert Informationen über die zukünftigen Entwicklungen auf den hessischen Arbeitsmärkten. Dabei handelt es sich um mittelfristige Prognosen zur Entwicklung von Beschäftigung differenziert nach Berufsgruppen, Qualifikationsebenen und Wirtschaftszweigen für Hessen, für die drei Regierungsbezirke sowie für alle 26 Kreise und kreisfreien Städte. Diese Form von Prognosen wird bereits seit 2007 erstellt, alle zwei Jahre aktualisiert und fortgeschrieben. In diesem Bericht werden Prognosen bis zum Jahr 2024 vorgelegt, wobei die Berechnungen auf den Daten des Jahres 2017 basieren. Die Beschäftigungsprognosen können als Orientierungswissen für Akteure aus der Politik, der Wirtschaft und dem Bildungsbereich sowohl auf Landesebene als auch in den Regionen dienen. Zudem bieten die Daten eine solide Grundlage für die Entwicklung regionaler Arbeitsmarkt- und Fachkräftesicherungsstrategien.
Bis zum Jahr 2024 wird in Hessen laut Prognose mit einem Engpass von rund 174.710 Fach- kräften zu rechnen sein. Davon entfallen 135.070 auf Beschäftigte mit Berufsausbildung und 39.640 auf Beschäftigte mit (Fach-)Hochschulabschluss. Bei den Personen ohne Berufsabschluss werden leichte Überhänge von 3.310 Personen erwartet. Die für das Jahr 2024 geschätzte Fachkräftelücke entspricht rund sieben Prozent der Beschäftigten im Jahr 2017, dem Ausgangsjahr der Prognose.
In den meisten Wirtschaftszweigen in Hessen werden Engpässe erwartet. Besonders stark betroffen sind die Branchen Gesundheits- und Sozialwesen, Verkehr und Logistik, Information und Kommunikation, die Baubranche und das Produzierende Gewerbe. Auch bei der Mehrzahl der Berufe werden bis 2024 Engpässe erwartet. Besonders hoch fallen diese in den Berufen der Gesundheits- und Krankenpflege, Rettungsdienst und Geburtshilfe, Altenpflege, Erziehung, Sozialarbeit und Heilerziehungspflege, Arzt- und Praxishilfe sowie Fahrzeugführung im Straßenverkehr aus. Bei den meisten Berufsgruppen ist hinsichtlich der höheren Anforderungsniveaus „Fachkraft“, „Spezialist“ und „Experte“ fast immer mit Engpässen zu rechnen. Demgegenüber sind auf dem Anforderungsniveau „Helfer“ je nach Berufsgruppe Überhänge oder Engpässe vorhanden.
Im Regierungsbezirk Darmstadt wird bis 2024 ein Engpass von 95.190 Fachkräften geschätzt. Geringer stellen sich die Lücken in den Regierungsbezirken Gießen mit 38.480 und Kassel mit 41.040 fehlenden Fachkräften dar. Die bis 2024 entstehenden Lücken sind im Verhältnis zu den Beschäftigtenzahlen im Jahr 2017 in ländlichen Regionen deutlich größer als in Mittelzentren und Kreisen, die näher an den Großstädten liegen. Selbst für die urbanen Gebiete wird prognostiziert, dass das Zuwanderungsniveau auf heutigem Stand, die Lücken im Jahr 2024 nicht mehr ausreichend kompensieren könnte.
Beschäftigungsprognose 2020/2021 für die Region Rhein-Main : IWAK-Betriebsbefragung im Herbst 2019
(2019)
Seit 1995 werden in der Region Rhein-Main jährlich schriftlich Betriebe zu ihrer Beschäftigungserwartung in den kommenden beiden Jahren sowie zu wechselnden Schwerpunktthemen befragt. Die Befragung und Auswertung wird vom Institut für Wirtschaft, Arbeit und Kultur (IWAK), Zentrum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, in Kooperation mit der Regionaldirektion Hessen der Bundesagentur für Arbeit und dem Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung der Bundesagentur für Arbeit, durchgeführt. Ziel der Befragung ist es, Einschätzungen der Betriebe über zukünftige Entwicklungen auf dem regionalen Arbeitsmarkt zu erhalten und mögliche Problemlagen frühzeitig zu erkennen. Eine auf die Zukunft gerichtete Untersuchung bietet dabei allen Arbeitsmarktakteuren eine wertvolle Informationsbasis für evidenzbasiertes und strategisches Handeln. Die Beschäftigungsprognose 2020/2021 stellt die betrieblichen Einschätzungen zur Entwicklung der Beschäftigtenzahlen von Ende 2019 bis Ende 2020 bzw. Ende 2021 vor.1 Im aktuellen Bericht wird neben einer allgemeinen Analyse der Beschäftigungserwartungen auch über die erwartete Entwicklung der sozialversicherungspflichtigen Beschäftigung berichtet. Ebenfalls dargestellt wird die Verbreitung geringfügiger Beschäftigung und die Entwicklung von Auszubildendenzahlen in den Betrieben. Die Er- wartungen der Betriebe werden nach Wirtschaftszweigen und Betriebsgrößenklassen differenziert. Grundgesamtheit der Bruttostichprobe bildet die Betriebsdatei der Bundesagentur für Arbeit, welche alle Betriebe mit mindestens einem sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten enthält. Sie umfasste zum Zeitpunkt der Ziehung der Stichprobe rund 148.000 Betriebe. Für die diesjährige Befragung wurden ca. 6.900 Betriebe in der Region Rhein-Main angeschrieben und eine Rücklaufquote von 14 Prozent erreicht. Damit Aussagen zu allen Betrieben in der Region möglich sind, werden die Daten zu den Einzelbetrieben nach Betriebsgröße und Wirtschaftszweigen gemäß der tatsächlichen Verteilung der Betriebe in der Region gewichtet. Die Angaben sind nach der Gewichtung repräsentativ für alle Betriebe und Dienststellen in der Region Rhein-Main mit mindestens einem sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten. Die Abgrenzung der Region Rhein-Main umfasst im Einzelnen die IHK-Bezirke Rheinhessen, Wiesbaden, Frankfurt, Limburg, Gießen-Friedberg, Hanau-Gelnhausen-Schlüchtern, Offenbach, Darmstadt sowie Aschaffenburg, welche insgesamt 24 Landkreise und kreisfreie Städte repräsentieren.
Das IAB-Betriebspanel wird seit 1996 jährlich bundesweit im Auftrag des Instituts für Arbeitsmarktund Berufsforschung der Bundesagentur für Arbeit (IAB) durchgeführt. In den Monaten Juli bis Oktober 2018 wurden die Betriebe erneut zu betrieblichen Bestimmungsgrößen der Beschäftigung befragt. Grundlage der Auswertungen für Hessen sind Befragungsdaten von insgesamt 1.046 Betrieben aus Hessen. Die befragten Betriebe repräsentieren die Grundgesamtheit von rund 162 Tausend Betrieben in Hessen mit mindestens einem sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten. Im Folgenden werden die wichtigsten Ergebnisse zu Beschäftigungspotenzialen in den hessischen Betrieben dargestellt.
Evaluierung des Gesetzes über die Anerkennung ausländischer
Berufsqualifikationen des Landes Berlin
(2019)
Evaluierung des Hamburgischen Gesetzes über die Anerkennung ausländischer Berufsqualifikationen
(2019)
Welche Bedeutung haben psychogene Sehstörungen, rotierende Scheiben, blinde Kinder, spiritistische Erscheinungen, Wahrnehmungsexperimente und erblindete Fotografen für die Entwicklung der Disziplinen Physiologie und Ophthalmologie oder auch für ästhetische und literarische Diskurse? Wie haben sie unser Verständnis vom Sehen geprägt, das längst nicht mehr als rein physiologische Fähigkeit, sondern vielmehr als sozial, historisch und kulturell präfigurierte Aktivität gilt? Die Beiträge des interdisziplinären Bandes zeigen, dass sich das Wissen vom Sehen und vom Auge maßgeblich über die Grenzen des Sehens konstituiert. Ob in physiologischen, philosophischen oder psychoanalytischen Diskursen; ob in der Literatur, der bildenden Kunst oder im Film - stets sind es der Ausfall des Visuellen, die Trübung des Blicks oder die Einschränkung des Sichtfeldes, die Auskunft darüber geben sollen, wie das 'richtige' Sehen funktioniert.
50 Meter, so lang ist die Betonbrüstung in der Eingangshalle des Fachbereichs Architektur an der Technischen Universität Darmstadt. Für die Ausstellung Max Bächer. 50 Meter Archiv wurde der Handlauf der Treppenbrüstung mit Archivfunden überbaut. Bächer war Architekt, Preisrichter, Publizist – und er lehrte 30 Jahre lang als Professor in Darmstadt.
Die Ausstellung präsentierte erstmalig Materialien aus dem Nachlass Bächers, der sich im Deutschen Architekturmuseum in Frankfurt am Main befindet. Mit seinen Unterlagen lässt sich die Architekturproduktion der Nachkriegszeit aus einem neuen Blickwinkel betrachten. Insbesondere Bächers Rolle als „großer Vorsitzender“ in vielen Wettbewerbsjurys ermöglicht Einblicke in die Mechanismen, wie Architektur entsteht. Öffentliche Debatten, Polemiken und ideologische Grabenkämpfe zu wichtigen Wettbewerben hat Bächer mit Humor und Elan aufgegriffen.
Ausstellung von Studierenden der Kunstgeschichte sowie der Curatorial Studies der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main und Architekturstudierenden der Technischen Universität Darmstadt im Rahmen des Center for Critical Studies in Architecture (CCSA).
Beteiligte Studierende: Christina Armanious, Iskender Caliskan, Leonardo Costadura, Jennifer Dyck, Nicole Fecher, Jule Försch, Jessica Girschik, Hilla Nienke Griesemann, Anastasia Gugushvili, Sarah Heuberger, Kiumars Kazerani, Anne Konopka, Anna Lazaridi, Ekaterina Meisner, Hendrike Nagel, Clara Nicolay, Paula Pohle, Arne Udo Schneider, Andrea Strehl, Isabelle Emilie Tondre, Maximilian Wahlich, Alessia Weckenmann, Ben Livne Weitzman, Sandra Zaitsev, Borui Zhang, Nan Zhao
Redaktion: Jennifer Dyck und Frederike Lausch
Dieser Sammelband präsentiert die Ergebnisse der Arbeit der didaktischen Sektion bei der Konferenz des Tschechischen Germanistenverbandes in Pilsen im Mai 2018. Die Beiträge spiegeln die Vielfalt der diskutierten Themen wider, haben aber alle eines gemeinsam: das Bestreben, neue Wege zu suchen, wie – im Einklang mit dem Motto der Konferenz – Deutsch immer effektiver vermittelt werden kann, und dabei auch didaktische Experimente zu wagen.
With the demographic explosion of young people in major African cities, we are witnessing the emergence of youth languages and new speech forms. In search of well-being, these young people, plagued by poverty, social injustice, unemployment and idleness, invent linguistic codes that allow them to find themselves. The linguistic and sociolinguistic description of these youth languages is the object of this volume. The contributions inform on the statutes and functions of the youth languages of Africa, their forms and structures, their representations, and envisage perspectives and prospective didactics.
Over the past fifteen years, Weaver Press has published seven anthologies of some one hundred short stories giving voice to new and established Zimbabwean writers. In Windows into Zimbabwe Franziska Kramer and Jürgen Kramer have selected from these anthologies twenty-three stories, which they consider the best or most representative of a particular period in the Zimbabwean narrative since 1980. They present the stories within sections which frame certain themes such as Independence, Gukurahundi, Land, Gender Relations, Money Matters, Social Relations, Exile and Resilience. For the general reader, Windows into Zimbabwe contains some wonderful stories rich in insight, perception, nuance and humour. Writers such as Charles Mungoshi, Petina Gappah, NoViolet Bulawayo, Valerie Tagwira and Shimmer Chinodya are included as well as relative newcomers with new perceptions and fresh voices. The compilers have also provided an introductory overview casting light on the relationship between fiction and society; and for teachers(in schools, colleges and universities) each story is accompanied by explanatory notes, questions and study tasks to further the reader's understanding. Windows into Zimbabwe will positively deepen your appreciation of the country and its people.
Phenomenology of decolonizing the university : essays in the contemporary thoughts of afrikology
(2019)
The epistemic Eurocentric boarders, expand towards the global south, they dehumanise and obliterate existing forms of thinking through colonialism and coloniality. In doing so, the global south has lost the sense of being self, Africans have become non-thinking objects. This has led to a series of ceaseless conflicts, poor leadership, and developmental crisis and provides fertile ground for Eurocentric superiority. This book Phenomenology of Decolonizing the University: Essays in the Contemporary Thoughts of Afrikology is a diagnosis of the problems of the mind in the global south and provides solutions in the decolonisatiom of the mind such as humanising the university, the rewriting of African stories and facilitates an epistemic rebellion.
Why do we need to communicate science? Is science, with its highly specialised language and its arcane methods, too distant to be understood by the public? Is it really possible for citizens to participate meaningfully in scientific research projects and debate? Should scientists be mandated to engage with the public to facilitate better understanding of science? How can they best communicate their special knowledge to be intelligible? These and a plethora of related questions are being raised by researchers and politicians alike as they have become convinced that science and society need to draw nearer to one another. Once the persuasion took hold that science should open up to the public and these questions were raised, it became clear that coming up with satisfactory answers would be a complex challenge. The inaccessibility of scientific language and methods, due to ever increasing specialisation, is at the base of its very success. Thus, translating specialised knowledge to become understandable, interesting and relevant to various publics creates particular perils. This is exacerbated by the ongoing disruption of the public discourse through the digitisation of communication platforms. For example, the availability of medical knowledge on the internet and the immense opportunities to inform oneself about health risks via social media are undermined by the manipulable nature of this technology that does not allow its users to distinguish between credible content and misinformation. In countries around the world, scientists, policy-makers and the public have high hopes for science communication: that it may elevate its populations educationally, that it may raise the level of sound decision-making for people in their daily lives, and that it may contribute to innovation and economic well-being. This collection of current reflections gives an insight into the issues that have to be addressed by research to reach these noble goals, for South Africa and by South Africans in particular.
African visionaries
(2019)
In over forty portraits, African writers present extraordinary people from their continent: portraits of the women and men whom they admire, people who have changed and enriched life in Africa. The portraits include inventor, founders of universities, resistance fighters, musicians, environmental activists or writers. African Visionaries is a multi-faceted book, seen through African eyes, on the most impactful people of Africa. Some of the writers contributing to the collection are: Helon Habila, Virginia Phiri, Ellen Banda-Aaku, Véronique Tadjo, Tendai Huchu, Solomon Tsehaye, Patrice Nganang and Sami Tchak.
The green building evolution
(2019)
The Green Building Evolution illuminates global examples and makes use of case studies mainly from South Africa. This book is in five parts: Part I is a single introductory chapter centred on the evolution of the green building movement; Part II addresses the green building terrain; Part III presents selected case studies; Part IV focuses on chapters that address pushing the boundaries in the green building space; while Part V presents emerging trends and policy perspectives. Further details are contained in the main body of the book. It is our sincere hope that readers will experience the book as an informative and ground-breaking adventure. Written by 14 authors from different academic disciplines and areas of specialisation, the book comes as the sixth in a series that addresses global and national concerns on climate change, sustainable development and the green economy transition agenda. The book series is conceptualised and coordinated by the Exxaro Chair in Business and Climate Change, led by Prof. Godwell Nhamo and hosted by the Institute for Corporate Citizenship (ICC) at the University of South Africa (UNISA). The books are published by the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) through the Africa Institute of South Africa.
Der vorliegende Sammelband bietet einen Einblick in die Ergebnisse der internationalen Konferenz des Germanistenverbands der Tschechischen Republik, die im Mai 2018 in Pilsen stattgefunden hat und von der Pädagogischen und der Philosophischen Fakultät der Westböhmischen Universität organisiert worden ist. Das Überthema "Experimentierräume" wurde schon vor der Konferenz um zwei zusätzliche Aspekte bereichert: "Herausforderungen und Tendenzen". Das 21. Jahrhundert eröffnet einen neuen Raum (bzw. einen Experimen-tierraum), der stark durch neue Kommunikationsformen und -möglichkeiten geprägt ist. Ob wir im Zusammenhang mit dem heutzutage häufig deklinierten Begriff Industrie 4.0 auch über eine Kommunikation 4.0 sprechen können oder ob (bzw. inwieweit) unsere vertrauten Kommunikationsgewohnheiten im weiteren Sinne des Wortes auch in der heutigen Zeit und in der Zukunft von den modernen Tendenzen unberührt bleiben oder sich verändern, ist eine grundsätzliche Frage, die sich wie ein roter Faden durch das ganze Buch zieht.
Nhakanomics: Harvesting Knowledge and Value for Re-generation Through Social Innovation is a radical departure from the commonly held belief that neo-liberal economics from the US and the West is universal, and is the only solution to underdevelopment and poverty throughout the world. Instead, the book teases out and theorises the intellectually rutted terrain of development studies, and neo-liberal economics from a decolonial Pan-Africanist perspective. Following a path of social innovation, with perspectives drawn from social anthropology, economics, and business and management studies Nhakanomics is a unique socio-economic approach applicable in the Global South and in Southern Africa in particular. The study argues that the process and substance of nhakanomics with its pre-emphasis on the relational South provides a robust and holistic approach to social innovation and social transformation grounded in relational networks and meshworks. The central idea is a call to re-GENE-rate society, through local Grounding and Origination, and tapping into local-global Emergent Foundations via a newly global Emancipatory Navigation, while ultimately culminating in global-local transformative Effects in four recursive cycles of re-GENE-rating C(K)umusha, Culture, Communication, and Capital after re-Constituting Africa-the 5Cs. With a novel and radical approach the book is an interrogation of neo-liberal economics in the Global South. As such, this book is remarkably handy to students and practitioners in the fields of economics, development studies, political science, science and technology studies, business management, sociology, transformation studies, and development related non-Governmental Organisations working with grassroots communities.
South Sudan: Elites, Ethnicity, Endless Wars and the Stunted State is likely to achieve its objective of stimulating debate about the future of South Sudan as a viable polity. The hope is that readers, through the debate generated by this book, will rediscover the commonality that marked the struggle for freedom, justice, and fraternity, and abandon ethnic ideologies as a means of constructing a modern state in South Sudan. South Sudan: Elites, Ethnicity, Endless Wars and the Stunted State is a must-read for South Sudanese intellectuals who want to reshape the socioeconomic and political development trajectory.
To be or not to be is an analysis of linguistic, cultural, political, economic and social factors, which explain the intricate root causes of conflicts which have ravished Sudan. It stands in stark contrast to the dominant simplification and distortions which have come to typify presentations of the region. Central to the book is an unapologetic explanation of Arabization; which often is portrayed as individual choices of religious loyalty, but, in fact, masks an intentional power-system which viciously corrupts Afrikan identities. By highlighting the detrimental complexities of manipulation, geopolitics, identity confusion and cultural imperialism, Hashim has not only written an authoritative book about Sudan, but also presented a comprehensive case study that all of Afrika must learn from. Rarely are we presented with such a vigourous inside-view to an area of Afrika which once was held in the highest civilizational esteem, but has been reduced to an ideological field of Arab-led terror, massacres and disintegration.
Fundamental Theories of Ethnic Conflict : Explaining the Root Causes of Ethnic and Racial Hate
(2019)
This book develops and expands on theories that aim at explaining the root causes of ethnic and racial conflicts. The aim is to shift focus from research, policies and strategies based on tackling the effects of ethnic and racial conflicts, which have so far been ineffective as evidenced by the increase in ethnic conflicts, to more fundamental ideas, models and strategies. Contents extend across many disciplines including evolution, biology, religion, communication, mythology and even introspective perspectives. Drawn from around the world, contributors to the book are respected and experienced award winning authors, scholars and thinkers with deep understanding of their special fields of contribution. The book was inspired by the conditions in Kenya, where ethnic violence flared up with terrifying consequences following a disputed election in 2008. Although the conflict was resolved by the intervention of the international community, Kenyans - like many other Africans - continue to live in fear of ethnic conflicts breaking out with more disastrous consequences. The book will be useful to policy makers, NGOs and others involved in promoting peace. It will also be useful in guiding research and as a text book in universities and colleges.
Botlhodi ? The Abomination is a powerful story about British colonialism and its aftermath in Molepolole, Botswana. It is a compelling juxtaposition between Traditional Setswana ways and Christianity. The protagonist, Modiko, finds himself conflicted when both his strict father, a pastor of Motlhaoetla church, and his grandfather, an unapologetic traditionalist, expect him to choose between Setswana tradition and Christianity. Torn between the two worlds, Modiko at the end makes an informed personal decision. The road is not smooth though, as he experiences persecution, bullying, abuse, witchcraft and nightmares along the way. Other characters in the novel engage in some serious conversations that allude to some important historical developments. In this work, T.J. Pheto presents to his readers a hilarious story pregnant with themes of identity, social change, discrimination, racism, colonialism, love and, ?tradition? versus ?modernity?. This pioneering literary response to British colonialism in Botswana is an outstanding postcolonial fiction of resistance. Pheto?s humor makes the book all the more hard for a reader to put down.
Cameroon is rich in petroleum, minerals, tropical forests, wildlife, water systems, fertile lands, and much more. Paradoxically however, most citizens live in abject poverty and without jobs, potable water, electricity, good healthcare and roads. This book is a thoughtful interrogation of some of the structural factors driving persistent poverty in Cameroon in the midst of natural resource abundance. It engages in a multidimensional critical analysis of the impact of natural resources on basic development indicators and concludes that good resource governance and sound management are the missing link. Natural resources alone will not create socio-economic prosperity void of good management with a clear development vision and strategy in Cameroon. The book assembles a wide diversity of analysis, views, perspectives and recommendations from economists, development experts, social and political scientists, on Cameroon's current development inertia. What emerges in the end is a coherent interdisciplinary analysis of the natural resource-development paradox as it plays out in an African setting. Theories and good practices from Africa and beyond are systematically applied to identify and critique present policy and management approaches while providing alternative options that can unlock Cameroon's natural resource wealth for national prosperity.
Exile and the disruptioon of the exilic period are prominent features in scholarly reconstructions of what influenced the shaping of biblical books and the development of theological thinking. The Babylonian golah community, as an exilic community, is credited by a growing number of scholars with influencing large parts of the Hebrew Bible. This study addresses the question whether the redactions show signs of an exilic mindset (first generation exiles) or are better understood as a reflection of a diaspora mindset (second/third and subsequent generations). This study also reviews all known archaeological diaspora findings from Mesopotamia in the pre-Hellenistic period (aided by insights from Elephantine) in order to build an as comprehensive as possible picture of Jewish diaspora life in Mesopotamia.
Handwell Yotamu Hara (*1942) was an ordinary boy from a village in Mzimba in Malawi. Though his parents were illiterate he was inspired through education and faith to become a primary school teacher and also earned a PhD from Pretoria University and later became a lecturer at Zomba Theological College and ?nally at Mzuzu University. This small autobiography is just one offered as part of the ongoing commitment by Mzuni Press to encourage Malawians to read meaningful books on a range of subjects reflecting their countrys society and culture.
In this remarkable volume covering diverse subjects, in a span of three decades, Kenneth R. Ross articulates his views on the meaning and practice of Christian mission and challenges the binary view of mission that prevailed before the 1950s. He further reflects on Scotland's experiences in the world-wide Christian mission and demonstrates the centrality of Africa in any discourse on Christianity. This volume is invaluable in its argument for a rethinking of Christian mission especially in relation to the West, which is now a new frontier for Christian mission. The book will be immensely beneficial to students of missiology and general readers who are interested in the subject of Christian Mission.
Administrative Law: Cases and Materials is an important and comprehensive contribution to the legal literature on Namibian law. It will contribute to the development of Namibias jurisprudence. Experienced author and judge of the Namibian High Court, Dr Collins Parker discusses key principles of administrative law applicable to Namibia under the common law as developed and broadened by article 18 of the Namibian Constitution. To support propositions of law discussed in the text, he presents carefully selected extracts of judgments delivered in important cases. The book offers a rich source of judicial pronouncements as precedent that are not readily available to many students and teachers of law. The selected cases are from the superior courts in Namibia, South Africa, England, and Canada, all common law countries. There are also footnote references to cases from other common law countries like India, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Practitioners of law at the Bar or on the Bench, law researchers and other professionals in public authorities, including parastatals, private companies and other ord this book useful in the performance of their professional tasks.
Born Nude
(2019)
Born Nude is philosophical poetry that explores myriad themes, from equality to humility and environmental consciousness. It is divided into chapters that pinpoint specific areas of interest. The author delves into human weaknesses and strengths based on nature and nurture. He invites the reader to contemplate the ephemeral nature of all things material, and how to nurture oneself into a higher order and loyalty of being human. The volume's satirical tone is critical of the destructive sterility of zero-sum games of superiority and dominance. It treats as anathema exploitation based on contrived hierarchies of gender, geography, politics and the geopolitik of the modern world.
The ever growing disparity in living standards between the developed and developing polities constitutes a striking feature of life on Planet Earth. This publication is an attempt to highlight some of the factors dividing the worlds apart. A new North-South synergy is needed in creating a balanced world at peace with itself. As long as more than half-the population of the world go to bed hungry there can be no peace. A sting rich world and a sting poor world cannot cohabit peacefully. How to build a more equitable and balanced world is the challenge facing us. We need to embrace and practice our long-aged concepts of 'ubuntu', 'harambee' and 'batho pele' among others in creating, and consolidating the new world order. Africa is underdeveloped. It requires serious structural modification in our current mindset, thinking and actions which calls for total involvement of every citizen. The ideas advanced in this book are strategies and pathways for dealing with the problems of poverty, corruption, the distribution of power, deterrence, good governance, health, human capacity building and the challenge of bringing about a systemic structural-functional governance construct for the African continent.
Wholesome Whole Poetry
(2019)
The subject of real estate is increasingly becoming important, especially in the countries of the developing world. States and governments realise that real estate is a corner stone of socio-economic development. Real estate development contributes immensely to the gross physical capital formation. Its formation, construction and ancillary sectors contribute to the employment, infrastructure development and gross domestic product. The main challenges about real estate is about where to develop it, how to develop it, how to manage and compute valuations about it. Such are the issues discussed in this volume. The book draws on Zimbabwe as a case study, to demonstrate the critical aspects that define theory and real estate practice in various contexts - national, regional and international.
What happens at the nexus of the digital divide and human trafficking? This book examines the impact of the introduction of new digital information and communication technology (ICT) as well as lack of access to digital connectivity on human trafficking. The different studies presented in the chapters show the realities for people moving along the Central Mediterranean route from the Horn of Africa through Libya to Europe. The authors warn against an over-optimistic view of innovation as a solution and highlight the relationship between technology and the crimes committed against vulnerable people in search of protection. In this volume, the third in a four-part series Connected and Mobile: Migration and Human Trafficking in Africa, relevant new theories are proposed as tools to understand the dynamics that appear in mobile Africa. Most importantly, the editors identify critical ethical issues in relation to both technology and human trafficking and the nexus between them, helping explore the dimensions of new responsibilities that need to be defined. The chapters in this book represent a collection of well-documented empirical investigations by a young and diverse group of researchers, addressing critical issues in relation to innovation and the perils of our time.
What happens when digital innovation meets migration? Roaming Africa considers how we understand modern-day mobility in Africa, where age-old routes strengthen the resilience of people roaming the continent for livelihoods and security, assisted by mobile communication. Digital mobility expands connectivity around the world, and also in Africa. In this book, the authors show that mobility, resilience and social protection in the digital age are closely related. Each chapter takes a close look at the migration dynamics in a specific context, using social theory as a lens. This book adopts a critical perspective on approaches in which migration is regarded merely as a hazard. Edited by distinguished scholars from Africa and Europe, this volume, the second in a four-part series Connected and Mobile: Migration and Human Trafficking in Africa, compiles chapters from a diverse group of young and upcoming scholars, making an important contribution to the literature on migration studies, digital science, social protection and governance.
In 2005, a United Nations study reported that half of the world's languages (estimated at 6,000) would disappear by the end of this century. A third of these endangered languages are in Africa where, according to the same study, nearly 250 languages have disappeared in the last century. Language is the heart, identity, storage system for the collective and unique memory and experience of every culture, people, including their natural habitat. Loss of language means loss of the ability to retain and pass on not just a belief system but also invaluable knowledge to future generations. This English-Lekongho/Lekongho-English Dictionary is a modest first attempt to minimize the envisaged sad phenomenon of language loss. Nkongho-Mbo people speak Lekongho, one of the five variants of the Mbo language of the Mbo ethnic group of Cameroon, with their ancestral home in the Kupe Muanenguba Administrative Area of the South-west Region. With this book, the authors' fervent hope is that there will no longer surface any justification to continue to refrain from speaking Lekongho on a daily basis. This effort will help to regionalize, nationalize and internationalize the Lekongho language since Nkongho people are spread all over the country, Africa and the world.
International Law in Namibia
(2019)
This book provides readers with the knowledge necessary to fully understand how international law carved the history and life of Namibia. It observes that Namibia has benefited from and contributed to international law in a way that shaped that countrys political and socio-economic development and to an extent that few other countries experienced. For many a year since Namibia achieved Independence on 21 March 1990 and established the Faculty of Law at the University of Namibia in 1992, students and lecturers have relied on materials from South Africa, despite the fact that Namibian law has since then grown apart from its South African heritage. It is high time for lecturers and students in Namibia to teach and learn with a textbook that analyses international law from the distinct standpoint of Namibia and that views the nations legal interactions with other states through its own prism! And this textbook aims to do just that. Through its 19 chapters, this book informs readers about international law, its sources, international treaties, Namibian statehood, dispute resolution, the use of force, human rights, Namibias economic relations with the outside world (including the Southern African Customs Union), and the law of the sea. Namibian courts have in their own way followed the rules of international law scrupulously, but as this book shows international law nonetheless remains the source of Namibian law that lawyers apply the least. Accordingly, this book underlines the significance, the practical utility, and the relevance of international law in the unique Namibian context.
Humanity has extensively exploited natural and physical resources, since the Industrial Revolution in Europe. A geological era, now called the Anthropocene, has been coined in environmental and developmental circles, to mark the increased domination of humanity on Earth and its resources. Today, the ecological footprint on the fragile planet continues to increase. Mass industrialisation, like what China is doing and pushing for, is one of the drivers for increased urbanisation that results in increased demand for land. It is also the stimulus behind increased deforestation, overfishing, and pollution. As the fragility of the Earth increases, global bodies like the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change are pushing to reduce the Earths temperature. Human efforts to manage the problem cascade from a global to a regional, to a national, as well as to much localised scales. Missing though are nuanced contributions at national and community levels, which this book is an attempt to bridge. The nagging sense of responsibility is what this book explores under the label of sustainability ethic. As a case study, the book examines the use of sustainability ethic in the management of the physical, infrastructural and natural resources of Zimbabwe. This ethic is built on pillars that include participation of people (households) in their pursuit for sustainable livelihoods, appropriate technology, tools and techniques for environmental protection. It also hinges on stewardship and structures, institutions, policies and processes of governance and sustainability. There are also the aspects of ethics, laws and indigenous technical knowledge for sustainability, capacity building and education plans and programmes for sustainability and population and demographic determinants, processes and outcomes for sustainability. The book is a timely contribution to an urgent global concern and climate change debate.
Dispatches from the Village
(2019)
In this book, Chris Mabeza takes the reader through a breath taking journey of the vicissitudes of village life in Zimbabwe from the colonial days to the present. This, at a time when telling African stories is enjoying a Risorgimento. Thus, in essence Mabeza 'throws his fingers in the wind' and catches the zeitgeist of African storytelling. The stories leave the reader spellbound. Dispatches from the village has its finger on the pulse of the people. This gorgeous collection of short stories is a product of immersive thick descriptions of rural life as it intersects with urban life. The author grapples with the effects of what has generally been observed as the 'brutish and nasty new normal'. The rural landscape has not been spared the vagaries of this new normal. However, when overwhelmed by the tsunami of negative news that permeate our media, pick-up Dispatches from the village to soothe yourself.
Colonial scholars have taken immense pleasure in portraying Africans as possessed by spirits but as lacking possession and ownership of their resources, including land. Erroneously deemed to be thoroughly spiritually possessed but lacking senses of material possession and ownership of resources, Africans have been consistently dispossessed and displaced from the era of enslavement, through colonialism, to the neocolonial era. Delving into the historiography of dispossession and displacement on the continent of Africa, and in particular in Zimbabwe, this book also tackles contemporary forms of dispossession and displacement manifesting in the ongoing transnational corporations land grabs in Africa, wherein African peasants continue to be dispossessed and displaced. Focusing on the topical issues around dispossession and repossession of land, and the attendant displacements in contemporary Zimbabwe, the book theorises displacements from a decolonial Pan-Africanist perspective and it also unpacks various forms of displacements - corporeal, noncorporeal, cognitive, spiritual, genealogical and linguistic displacements, among others. The book is an excellent read for scholars from a variety of disciplines such as Geography, Sociology, Social Anthropology, History, Linguistics, Development Studies, Science and technology Studies, Jurisprudence and Social Theory, Law and Philosophy. The book also offers intellectual grit for policy makers and implementers, civil society organisations including activists as well as thinkers interested in decolonisation and transformation.
Corrupt business and management practices exist at all levels within the public hospital system (PHS) in Cameroon and are of increasing concern among the polity as the perceptions of key stakeholders who work within the system has not been examined for helping to diminish it. In particular, these practices are affecting the well-being and socioeconomic development of its denizens. The purpose of this research was to provide further understanding of how to diminish corrupt business and management practices that continue to lead to increased monetary cost to individuals and delays in seeking preventative care within the PHS. Stakeholder theory provided a starting point for understanding and explaining the perceptions of stakeholders about corruption within the context of agency governance. The results indicated that staff/client influence rather than only lack of motivation was a rationale for accepting bribes. It also revealed diversion, where physicians keep drugs and sell to patients.
Tracing recent bouts of globalised Mugabephobia to Robert Mugabes refusal to be neoimperially penetrated, this book juxtaposes economic liberalisation with the mounting liberalisation of African orifices. Reading land repossession and economic structural adjustment programmes together with what they call neoimperial structural adjustment of African orifices, the authors argue that there has been liberalisation of African orifices in a context where Africans are ironically prevented from repossessing their material resources. Juxtaposing recent bouts of Mugabephobia with discourses on homophobia, the book asks why empire prefers liberalising African orifices rather than attending to African demands for restitution, restoration and reparations. Noting that empire opposes African sovereignty, autonomy, and centralisation of power while paradoxically promoting transnational corporations centralisation of power over African economies, the book challenges contemporary discourses about shared sovereignty, distributed governance, heterarchy, heteronomy and onticology. Arguing that colonialists similarly denied Africans of their human essence, the tome problematises queer sexualities, homosexuality, ecosexuality, cybersexuality and humanoid robotic sexuality all of which complicate supposedly fundamental distinctions between human beings and animals and machines. Provocatively questioning queer sexuality and liberalised orifices that serve to divert African attention from the more serious unfinished business of repossessing material resources, the book insightfully compares Robert Gabriel Mugabe, Thomas Sankara and Julius Kambarage Nyerere who emphasised the imperatives of African autonomy, ownership, control and sovereignty over natural resources. Observing Africans interest in repossessing ownership and control over their resources, the book wonders why so much, queer, international attention is focused on foisting queer sexuality while downplaying more burning issues of resource repossession, human dignity, equality and equity craved by Africans for whom life is not confined to sexuality. With insights for scholars in sociology, development studies, law, politics, African studies, anthropology, transformation, decolonisation and decoloniality, the book argues that liberal democracy is a façade in a world that is actually ruled through criminocracy.
Anthropological reflections on citizenship focus on themes such as politics, ethnicity and state management. Present day scholarship on citizenship tends to problematise, unsettle and contest often taken-for- granted conventional connotations and associations of citizenship with imagined culturally bounded political communities of rigidly controlled borders. This book, the result of two years of research conducted by South African and Japanese scholars within the framework of a bilateral project on citizenship in the 21st century, contributes to such ongoing efforts at rethinking citizenship globally, and as informed by experiences in Africa and Japan in particular. Central to the essays in this book is the concept of flexible citizenship, predicated on a recognition of the histories of mobility of people and cultures, and of the shaping and reshaping of places and spaces, and ideas of being and belonging in the process. The book elucidates the contingency of political membership, relationship between everyday practices and political membership, and how citizenship is the mechanism for claiming and denying rights to various political communities. Self requires others to construct itself, a reality that is subject to renegotiation as one continues to encounter others in a world characterised by myriad forms of interconnecting mobilities, both global and local. Citizenship is thus to be understood within a complex of power relationships that include ones formed by laws and economic regimes on a local scale and beyond. Citizenship in Africa, Japan and, indeed, everywhere is best explored productively as lying between the open-ended possibilities and tensions interconnecting the global and local.
This book explores a collective understanding of the perception and treatment of borders in Africa. The notion of boundary is universal as boundaries are also an important part of human social organization. Through the ages, boundaries have remained the container by which national space is delineated and contained. For as long as there has been human society based on territoriality and space, there have been boundaries. With their dual character of exclusivism and inclusivism, states have proven to adopt a more structural approach to the respect of the former in consciousness of the esteem of international law governing sovereignty and territorial integrity. However, frontier peoples and their realities have often opted for the latter situation, imposing a more functionalist perception of these imaginary lines and prompting a border opinion shift to a more blurring form of representation and meaning in most African communities. This collective multidisciplinary effort of understanding how tangible and intangible borders have influenced Africas attitude and existence for ages is worthy in its own rights. The difference between what borders are and what they are not to a people is the mere product of their own estimations and practices, a disposition that leads the contributors to this book to study borders beyond states or nations and how borders are crossed or transferred from one point to the other for the convenience of their histories and being.
This book focuses on the work of one of the leading African scholars on the land question and agrarian transformation in AfricaSam Moyo. It offers a critical discussion, in conversation with Sam Moyo, of the land question and the response of African states. Since independence, African states have been trying to address the colonial legacy on land policy and governance. After six decades of formulating and implementing land reforms, most countries have not succeeded in decolonising approaches to land policy and the administrative framework. The book brings together the broader debates on the implications of decolonisation of Africas land policy. Through case studies from several African countries, the book offers an empirical analysis on land reforms and the emerging land relations, and how these affect land allocation and use, including agricultural production. Most of the chapters discuss how the unresolved land question in post-colonial Africa impacts on agricultural production and rural development broadly. The failure to decolonise colonial land policy and the imported tenure systems has left post-colonial African states dancing to two tunes, resulting in schizophrenic land and agrarian policies. The book demonstrates that the failure by African states to reconcile imported and indigenous land tenure systems and practices is evident in the deliberate denigration of customary tenure. It is also evident in the rising land inequality and the neglect of the agricultural sector, the small-scale and subsistence sub-sectors in particular.
Sierra Leone experienced 11 years civil war after the incursion of the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) from adjacent Liberia. The war of Sierra Leone is one of the most researched in Africa. However, the foci of studies are mostly on the RUF. Other armed groups are not sufficiently studied. This book focuses on the governmental side of the Kamajor and the Civil Defence Force (CDF). Kamajors were community-based vigilantes mobilised by paramount chiefs in various Mende communities. During the course of the war, the government organised Kamajors into a pro-governmental militia, the CDF. This book examines how human networks worked in the course of the formation of Kamajor and of the CDF. Even though the roles of human networks have been discussed in the realm of African politics, they have been left hypothetical. Few studies demonstrate the whole picture on how neopatrimonialism, patron client relations or informal networks function within an organisation. This book describes the course of Kamajor/CDF along with functions of the human networks. In the networks, the threads of human relations are interwoven by subsuming the local, the international and the global dimensions of the armed conflict. Some connect to governmental figures. Others have transnational networks in adjacent Liberia. In the changing situations of the war, some of the relations are maintained, while some relations are disintegrated. Those who emerge as prominent figures in the Kamajor/CDF use their own human networks to obtain resources for the Kamajor/CDF, which in turn, afford themselves higher positions in the force.
Genocide has been called the crime of crimes and an odious scourge. With millions of victims in the last century alone, it is one of the great moral and political challenges of our age. Despite the challenges, such human cruelty has not stopped. The 21st century is recording its first genocide in Cameroon with only a scanty few raising a finger. The significance of the odious scourge has compelled Tatah Mentan to research on the trajectory of the scourge in Africa over the past centuries. The targeted ongoing mass killings in Cameroon, like those of Rwanda before, have driven the scholar to expand his focus beyond the Holocaust, which had long been the primary case study. In this book, Tatah Mentan explains that these cases were not merely a human catastrophe, nor an atavistic reversion to the barbarism of a past epoch, but rather an event produced by the unfolding of the logic of capitalism itself. This book therefore critically explores the essence of capitalism as genocide in Africa and its consequences on Africans during their colonisation and incorporation into the European-dominated racialised capitalist world system in the late 18th century. It uses multidimensional, comparative methods, and critical approaches to explain the dynamic interplay among social structures, human agency, and terror to explain the connection between structural capitalist terrorism and the emergence of the capitalist world system. Tatah Mentan proposes a genuine participatory democratic alternative to the unending genocide nightmares. Nurturing participatory attitudes, would facilitate and reinforce self-management, and educate and empower individuals and dispossessed and under-represented communities to seek self-determination and democratic participation in the political arena. Tatah Mentan concludes that the same fundamental commitments that urge humanity to promote participatory political democracy should compel them to promote truly inclusive economic democracy as well. Political economists, historians, students, corporate managers and policy makers at national and international levels are invited to share the insights of this book.
Zero Point Soldier
(2019)
It took two years for this collection of poems to see the light of day. Two years. Two whole years. But two whole years of thinking, feeling and working through and from one of the strangest and certainly most torturous facts of life on Earth, and one of the least explored themes in the world of the modern woman of Africa, or my world, at least. This is the fact of Death. But not the fact of the death of all. Not the fact of the death of any. It is that of the modern man, the man, of Africa.
Kenyas nationalism during the colonial period was marked by two main characteristics that feature in this book. First, the struggle for independence that was mainly characterized by the claim for land that had been taken away by the colonizers. Second was the struggle for autonomy and self-determination, mainly through political resistance. The authors in this book analyse historical trajectories of Kenya's nationalism trends while highlighting the role of political leaders, large as well as small ethnic groups, perennial conflicts, community as well as religious leaders, among others. The discussions demonstrate that quest for a national identity that is inclusive at all levels whether politically, economically, religiously and ethnically has marked Kenya's struggle for nationalism, sometimes leading to violence, especially during election periods, national unity through political coalitions and reconciliation, as well as institutional reforms. In conclusion, the authors demonstrate that while Kenya is gradually advancing towards national cohesion, there are still many challenges yet to be surmounted.
Zimbabwe Will Never be a Colony Again! : Sanctions and Anti-Imperialist Struggles in Zimbabwe
(2019)
This is a thought-provoking original book, based on a wealth of empirical case studies of how Zimbabwe experienced illegal economic sanctions. It is a study of how the humanly constructed obstructions - from external remittances/finance flows into the country to finance embargos or total financial blockages - are deliberately created by so-called 'powerful' governments to deal with an 'errand' country. The infamous Zimbabwe Democracy Economic Recovery Act of 2001 (ZDERA) is part of a raft of punitive measures and discourses that the USA, UK and Europe used to make the economy, in the words of US's Chester Crooker 'scream'. It is the same 'powerful' countries who allow their Multinational Corporations to loot while they impose sanctions against African governments and their peoples to make them scream. The book is an insightful contribution on Africa's contemporary post-colonial liberation politics of development economics. It focuses on Zimbabwe as a synthesis of microcosmic study that provides accessible in-depth analysis of key aspects of sanctions as a weapon of control wielded by the so-called 'powerful' governments of the Global North. Zimbabwe was clobbered with post-independence economic sanctions after its land reform programme, which benefitted its mostly colonially dispossessed African citizens. The land reform was intended as a reversal of colonial injustice and a counter restitutive measure against imperialism. The book invites the reader to see power differently: as compassion and the capacity to right past wrongs by protecting all and sundry from inequality and poverty. Sanctions, even when called targeted, are non-discriminatory as they affect ordinary citizens with the same ferocity and savagery as against intended target, albeit often missing the target. Sanctions are lethal. Sanctions are a graveyard for the poor, weak and vulnerable. This is an idea of power that the Global North failed to grasp when they decided to punish the Mugabe government for daring to contemplate justice and restitution.
Violence in its various proportions, genres and manifestations has had an enduring historical legacy the world over. However, works speaking to approaches aimed at mitigating violence characteristic of Africa are very limited. As some scholars have noted, Africans have experienced cycles of violence since the pre-colonial epoch, such that overt violence has become banalised on the African continent. This has had the effect of generating complex results, legacies and perennial emotional wounds that call for healing, reconciliation, justice and positive peace. Yet, in the absence of systematic and critical approaches to the study of violence on the continent, discourses on violence would hardly challenge the global matrices of violence that threaten peace and development in Africa. This volume is a contribution in the direction of such urgently needed systematic and critical approaches. It interrogates, from different angles and with inspiration from a multidisciplinary perspective, the contentious production and resilience of violence in Africa. It calls for a paradigm shift an alternative approach that forges and merges African customary dispute resolution and Western systems of dispute resolution towards a framework of positive peace, holistic restoration, sustainable development and equity. The book is a welcome contribution to students and practitioners in security studies, African studies, development studies, global studies, policy studies, and political science.
Dont sit on your stool, watching life go by, insists Soutcho Lydie Touré. In this collection of reflections written over a decade, she explores insecurities and vulnerabilities, with which many a reader will relate. She shares about loneliness and feeling different and goes on to ponder everyday life in Politicking and VDN a memorable highway in Dakar which pedestrians must cross under the mocking smile of the sun. Touré draws on experiences and insights from her life betwixt and between West Africa and North America. In her verses, spiced with nature, color, joy, humor and fantasy, questions and answers compete equally for the readers attention. A veritable source of confidence in the force of life and love. Confidence that makes one grow wings.
Highlighting the problematiques of working with a narrow version of greenhouse effects or global warming, this book posits the theory of necroclimatism that encompasses broader versions of greenhouse effects and global warming. Conceiving cultures, societies, moral sensibilities, epistemologies, polities, economies, legal systems and religions of the formerly colonised peoples as greenhoused and entrapped in the heat of global apartheid and neo-colonialism, the book refuses to be confined to the pufferies of physical conceptualisations of greenhousing and global warming. Underlining the supposed disposability and dispensability of colonised peoples, the notion of necroclimatism explicates ways in which some people suffer various forms of death, which have increasingly become a feature of global apartheid and neo-colonialism that are cast in spectral sacrificial logics. Deemed to constitute disposable bodies, disposable cultures, disposable polities, disposable societies, disposable epistemologies, disposable religions, disposable laws and disposable economies, the sacrificed are, in the age of climate catastrophism, once again reminded that they have duties to die, to become extinct in order to save the global spaceship that is sinking due to climate change and global warming. This book therefore argues that in a sacrificial world (dis)order, binaries between humans and animals, good and evil, moral and immoral, the dead and the living necessarily vanish in the nefarious logic of what marks the era of climate catastrophism and the attendant necroclimatism. The book further argues that a sacrificial world (dis)order is necessarily a posthumanist and postanthropocentric world (dis)order, which should be never granted space in African worlds and even beyond. The book thus, raises fundamental questions for African anticipatory regimes, and for this reason it is handy for scholars in political science, sociology, social anthropology, development studies, environmental studies, agricultural studies, legal studies, food science, geography, religious studies and decolonial fields of studies.
At the heart of 21st century discourses are questions of whose lives may matter more than others. While the debates themselves are not new, the #hashtags they are linked to and the media through which concerns around moralities of living together are expressed allow for debates to reach large numbers of people in accelerated, individualised and accessible ways. The new media have been powerful in (re)igniting debates and (re)activating demands for social change. Yet, the focus of ubiquitous #hashtags on binary positions may render it easy to neglect their nuances and facets. In recognition of grey-zones, contradictions and ambiguities, this ethnography focuses on a suburb of Cape Town, Observatory, and its recently revived Neighbourhood Watch as an urban renewal project and attempt to decrease notions of vulnerability to crime and violence. In Observatory considered to be liberal and bohemian by its inhabitants the framing of topics within the Neighbourhood Watch group often take on an abstract, intellectualised form. Nevertheless, the group with its rather clashing ideals is grounded in and fuelled by recycled crime stories as well as snapshots of suspected criminals that continue to reappear via various social media channels. Individual experiences, stories and inner conflicts of local Neighbourhood Watch members are at the centre of this exploratory engagement with how fear becomes embodied, everyday practice and the ways in which desires for relationality and spatial exclusivity become entangled in a place where every life matters only in principle.
As the world today faces messy problems, what in some circles has been called global weirding, the term resilience has taken centre stage. This is crunch time - as we grapple with the negative effects of both climate change and urbanisation. Some commentators have compared the huge problems we face today to Oom Schalk's proverbial leopard waiting for us in the withaak's shade. Do we endlessly count Oom Schalk's proverbial leopard's spots? This is the question posed by a stellar cast of academics, researchers, and experts whose contributions in this text is a rallying cry for action to build resilience to the challenging impact of urbanisation and climate change. To that end, this volume gives hope about the potential for human agency. Our challenge however, is to re-examine our values, to change our conservation conversation and return to a more wise and holistic understanding of ourselves and our place in the Universe. Perhaps, then only can the obituaries on our demise stay locked in the drawer.
Telecommunications Law and Practice in Nigeria -Perspectives on Consumer Protection is intended primarily to provide an indigenous source of information on the theoretical and legal framework of the regulation of telecommunications in Nigeria with respect to how such legal framework assists in addressing the consumers problems in the field of telecommunications. The book covers the evolution of telecommunications the world over and its variant in Nigeria, a variety of issues including the early controlling organs, regulatory regimes, the deregulation era, interconnectivity and privacy law, telecommunications and intellectual property, international trade and drafting of international trade contracts, encryption technology and privacy in telecommunications. The book should be an invaluable companion on the Nigerian telecommunications law and practice with perspectives on consumer protection.
The Law of Banking in Nigeria - Principles, Statutes and Guidelines captures the general principles of banking law, statutes and guidelines relating to banking transactions. The book is presented in a very simple, precise, and clear language and contains three parts of thirty-one chapters in all covering the general principles of banking. It should create considerable awareness among the general public, law students, law teachers, bank customers as well as banks and bankers. Most certainly, it is a book that will assist the students and researchers in this area of law in wading through the general principles of banking law as well as the numerous Legislation and Guidelines on banking business.
Two Mothers and Son explores the seeming needless, perpetual conflict between wife and mother-in-law in a typical African marriage; it is set in twenty-first century Nigeria which itself is a victim of conflicting and confusing interruptions of life. The son who is at the centre of it all, is caught between two loves, both possessive and obsessive, equally important but suffocating in a most debilitating manner. Added to this is the issue of religion which attempts to resolve the crisis but inadvertently contributes to the sad resolution of the conflict.