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Transforming a text - narrative or poetic - into a play, made of dialogues and organized into scenes, has been one of the most frequent forms of literary transcodification both in the past and in the present. We can find examples of this procedure at the very origins of Italian theatre, which indeed began as the rewriting of earlier texts, both in the "sacre rappresentazioni" and in the profane field: the Bible in the first case and the Ovidian mythologies in the second. Poliziano's "Fabula d'Orfeo" and "Cefalo e Procri" by Niccolò da Correggio are the first well-known examples of this process. Thus, the metamorphosis of a text into a dramatization has many models in the history of theatre and literature. It would be of great interest to start with an overview of the different types, aims, and forms of transcodification of texts that are enacted in order to create dramatizations capable of being performed on stage. Erminia Ardissino attempts to offer an introduction to her study of Giovanni Giudici's play about Dante's "Paradiso" with a brief discussion of three different practices of theatrical transcodification. She looks at three pièces written at the request of the Italian scenographer Federico Tiezzi between 1989 and 1990 as stage productions of the three cantiche of the Divine Comedy. Although they belong to the same project, are inspired by the same person, and share a unified aim, the three pièces created by Edoardo Sanguineti, Mario Luzi, and Giovanni Giudici show three different approaches to the task of transcodifying a text in order to produce a drama - the task, in Genette's words, of creating a theatrical palimpsest.
This paper is a study of language disorders in two works by twentieth-century poets in dialogue with Dante's Paradiso: Vittorio Sereni's "Un posto di vacanza" (1971) and Andrea Zanzotto's 'Oltranza oltraggio' (1968). The constellations that Francesca Southerden focuses on are linguistic, and the specific 'disorder' she wants to consider is aphasia - the dissolution of language. Charting the way in which Sereni and Zanzotto construct the universes of their poems as 'per-tras-versioni' of their Dantean counterpart - something 'turned aside' or 'diverted', which 'cuts across' the ideal, Dantean scheme - she shows how, in different ways, the intertextual dialogue between modern and medieval author manifests itself as a 'resemanticization' of the language of "Paradiso" or, better, of that coming-into-language of desire and the poem which, textually speaking, Dante's third canticle takes as its alpha and omega.
Although Dante’s influence on modernism has been widely explored and examined from different points of view, the aspects of Virginia Woolf's relationship with the Florentine author have not yet been extensively considered. Woolf's use of Dante is certainly less evident and ponderous than that of authors such as T.S. Eliot and James Joyce; nonetheless, this connection should not be disregarded, since Woolf's reading of Dante and her meditations on his work are inextricably fused with her creative process. As Teresa Prudente shows in this essay, Woolf's appreciation of Dante is closely connected to major features of her narrative experimentation, ranging from her conception of the structure and design of the literary work to her reflections concerning the meaning and function of literary language.
Even if the title of Wolfgang Koeppen's last novel, "Der Tod in Rom", alludes quite obviously to Thomas Mann's novella, "Der Tod in Venedig", Koeppen's text must be understood first and foremost as a response to Mann's most controversial novel, "Doktor Faustus". The novels of Mann and Koeppen rank among the most well-known literary examinations of National Socialism but stand in a complementary relation to each other. "Doktor Faustus", published in 1947, analyses the cultural and intellectual origins of German fascism, while "Der Tod in Rom", published only seven years later in 1954, criticizes the continuity of National Socialist ideologies in post-war Germany. Both authors focus their analyses of fascism on fictional avant-garde composers who seem at first glance detached from any political context. [...] The actual starting point of Florian Trabert's paper, however, is the fact that both novels are preceded by epigraphs taken from Dante's "Inferno". Trabert begins by commenting on the references to Dante in "Doktor Faustus" and then continues by analysing the allusions to the "Commedia" in Koeppen's novel, which constitute, as Trabert demonstrates, a complex constellation among the three texts.
Der in Pamuks Memoiren zentrale Begriff 'hüzün' lässt sich nicht einfach mit Melancholie übersetzen. Im Gegensatz zu dem individuell erlebten Gefühl der Melancholie – im Türkischen verwendet Pamuk hier den dem Französischen entlehnten Begriff 'melankoli' – beschreibt 'hüzün' ein kollektives Gefühl, das die Stadt in ihren Bewohnern auslöst. 'Hüzün' ist die Reaktion auf die Schwarzweißatmosphäre der Stadt an einem grauen Wintertag, Ausdruck der Schicksalsergebenheit ihrer Bewohner und gleichzeitig ein Gefühl, das der Anblick der Ruinen der einstmaligen osmanischen Hauptstadt im Betrachter hervorruft. Pamuks Werk zeichnet das Bild der Istanbuler als eine affektive, durch 'hüzün' verbundene Gemeinschaft. [...] Die Memoiren veranschaulichen die Faszination, die für Pamuk mit den melancholischen Porträts der Stadt in der westeuropäischen wie der türkischen Literatur, Kunst und Fotografie verbunden ist. Sie verfolgen, wie der Autor sich 'hüzün' als Quelle literarischen Schaffens zu eigen macht. Ob und zu welchem Zweck Pamuk, wie Kemal und Tanpınar vor ihm, 'hüzün' zu einem kollektiven, nationalen Affekt stilisiert, soll im Folgenden untersucht werden.
The 1935 Fox Films "Dante's Inferno" (directed by Harry Lachman) traces the rise and fall of an entrepreneur. Its protagonist, Jim Carter (played by Spencer Tracy), begins the story as a stoker on a cruise liner. The narrative opens with a burst of flames from the ship's boiler, and the ensuing scene goes on to show the protagonist competing at shovelling coal for a bet in the sweltering engine-room. Interspersed are shots of the superstructure directly above with a number of elegant and vapid passengers following the game below. This initial sequence thus concisely conveys the main features of the film's social agenda through imagery that anticipates that of two of its later 'infernal' sequences. [...] Spectacular admonition and concern about the ruthless pursuit of wealth are the main features which link this "Inferno" of the thirties to the one that had appeared some six hundred years earlier. Wealth and avarice were, of course, demonstrably serious concerns for Dante: as Peter Armour, for example, has shown, there is a recurrent and pervasive concern with money, its meaning, and its misuse throughout the "Commedia". So it is not surprising that the "Inferno" should also have been appropriated by social critics some hundred years before the 1935 Hollywood fable. [...] Some of the narrative and visual patterns in "Dante's Inferno" imply an uneasy underlying vision of the movie industry and its practices. Other productions, publicity, and journalism of the time reinforce suggestions of such a metafictional approach to movies, morality, and the market in the 1935 "Dante's Inferno".
Early in his life Pasolini showed interest in Dante: in a letter sent to Luciano Serra in 1945, he declared that 'la questione di Dante è importantissima'. He later reaffirmed his interest in Dante in two attempts to rewrite the "Commedia": "La Mortaccia" and "La Divina Mimesis". [...] In 1963 he mentioned "La Divina Mimesis" for the first time. [...] Critics have mostly focused on the work's unfinished condition as a sign of the poetic crisis which Pasolini experienced at the end of his life. Scholarly interpretations of "La Divina Mimesis" can be divided into three main groups: the first strain can be primarily attributed to a 1979 essay by Giorgio Bàrberi Squarotti, four years after the publication of La Divina Mimesis. Bàrberi Squarotti attributes Pasolini's difficulty in completing his rewriting of the "Divine Comedy" to the author's ideology. The work's intermittent irony and its unfinished state are good indicators of the impossibility of recreating Dante's achievement, in particular the Dantean ideology. [...] The second strain of interpretation stresses the work's linguistic dimensions. The period when Pasolini conceives of the project of "La Divina Mimesis" corresponds, according to his repeated declarations, to a time of dramatic change in the Italian linguistic context. [...] Finally, the third type of interpretation locates "La Divina Mimesis" in the theoretical context of Pasolini's final conception of poetry. Here critics stress in particular the difference between the poet's intentions and the final result.[...] These three interpretative strains share the conviction that, in comparison with its model, Pasolini's project ends in failure. It is a failure in at least three senses: on the level of its ideology (not as strong as Dante's), on the level of reality (because of the linguistic standardization of Italian society), and on the level of aesthetics (even though the author pretends that his failure possesses an aesthetic value). This paper would like to question this conclusion: by redefining the object of mimesis and its conditions Davide Luglio tries to understand the reason why the author decided to print his work in a form that at first sight appears ill-defined and fragmentary.
Barth und Benjamin verbindet ein radikales Bemühen, um ein neues Wort- und Sprachverständnis, das der eine gegen die traditionelle Theologie, der andere gegen eine positivistische Geisteswissenschaft vorbringt. Damit nehmen sie gewollt oder ungewollt eine prophetische Haltung ein, die sie zeitweise zu absonderlichen Einzelgängern und zu Protagonisten auf verlorenem Posten macht. Barths Diagnose der Erfahrungsarmut traditioneller Exegese für die Arbeit des Theologen ebenso wie Benjamins Sprachduktus und die teils surrealistisch anmutende Themenwahl seiner wissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen lassen vermuten, dass der prophetische Gestus ihres Selbstverständnisses die Ablehnung der Umwelt schon einbezieht und Benjamins Text "Der destruktive Charakter" den Keim einer Theorie der Prophetie 'en miniature' für beide bereitzuhalten scheint. Denn der "destruktive Charakter steht in der Front der Traditionalisten" (GS IV, 398), von denen sich Barth und Benjamin umgeben sahen. Und so könnte man sagen, der Prophet (ebenso wie der destruktive Charakter) zertrümmert nicht einfach das Überlieferte. Er erarbeitet "Trümmer [...] um des Weges willen, der sich durch sie hindurchzieht" (ebd.). "[N]ur eine Parole: Platz schaffen", schreibt Benjamin, "nur eine Tätigkeit: räumen ", in einem Bedürfnis "nach frischer Luft und freiem Raum" (396).
Eigentlich sollte es bei der heutigen Pressekonferenz in London um das neue technische System der Plattform gehen – SSL sei nicht mehr sicher, man bastele an einem „state-of-the-art secure submission system“, hieß es. Doch davon war auf der Pressekonferenz keine Rede mehr. Stattdessen wurde die „neue Phase“ von WikiLeaks mit einer neuen Veröffentlichung eingeleitet: den #SpyFiles...
»Wo ist der Platz, den man jetzt in der Welt einzunehmen sich bestreben könnte, im Augenblick, wo alles seinen Platz in verwirrter Bewegung verwechselt.« Diese Zeilen schreibt Kleist im Juni 1807 aus der Kriegsgefangenschaft in Châlons-sur-Marne an seine Cousine Marie von Kleist. […] Seine Literatur wird gleichsam bestimmt von Figuren, deren Leben und Erleben keine Kontinuität kennt. Kleist stellt seine Figuren in einen Versuchsraum, er treibt sie in Zustände der innersten Gespanntheit und Zerspaltenheit, lässt sie gegen eine Welt anrennen, die sie nicht begreifen, stürzt sie in die Tiefe ihres Inneren, das ins Bodenlose führt, setzt sie einem ständigen Wechsel der Empfindung und der Wahrnehmung aus. […] In „Die Marquise von O….“ [markiert] [e]inzig ein Gedankenstrich […] die Geburt der Gegensätze, die im Folgenden an der Marquise zerren. In diesen Gedankenstrich legt Kleist die Zeugung des Kindes. Ob Vergewaltigung oder Liebesakt, in Ohnmacht oder bei klarem Verstand, ist hier nicht zu klären. Aber es ist ein Akt, der sich nicht im Bewusstsein der Marquise verankert und dessen Folgen doch alles verändern.