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This paper discusses the question of how Translation Theory and German Philology can be helpful to each other. It starts with some general observations on the history of the German Language with special emphasis on Middle High German. In the second part, a Middle High German Poem is translated into Portuguese.
This paper deals with the linguistic situation of the European Union, especially considering the role played by the German language. Beginning with some general remarks on the historical mechanisms that may influence the relative importance of a given language on a global scale, the history of the German language is discussed with the aim of explaining its present situation as the language with the greatest number of native speakers in Europe. which, at the same time, plays a relatively unimportant role in international communication.
Aspectos dos tempos verbais
(1998)
In this paper I present two tenses of the German verbal system, the so called Doppelperfekt and Doppelplusquamperfekt. Although these tenses have only been marginally dealt with in the grammars, more studies have recently been made on them within the field of Linguistics. In order to describe these tenses, I will concentrate on the following authors: Hauser-Suida & Hoppe-Beugel (1972), Eroms (1984), Thieroff (1992) und Vater (1994). The tenses will be analysed formally and their meaning and usage illustrated with examples taken from the articles above.
In September of 1997, a group of German and Brazilian literary critics met at the University of São Paulo, in order to comment on the aesthetics of two great soccer schools. As our "basic text" we chose the match Germany vs Brazil (final score: 3 : 3; half-time score: 0 : 3), which took place in Washington, in June 1993, between the two tripte World Champions. Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht (Stanford University) proposed a philosophical reflection on football/Fußball, combined with a comparative analysis of soccer and American football. In both modalities he identified the magic phenomenon of "production of presence", which expresses itself through three functions: the ontological function (action vs nothing), the "epiphany of form" (the touch of genius) and the oscillation between finality and telos (linked to the mise-en-scène of intention and contingency). These three functions manifest themselves in both American football and soccer, but in different forms. Flávio Aguiar (University of Säo Paulo) pointed out the phenomenon of empty spaces and the occupation of space. Antonio Medina (University of São Paulo) contrasted the somewhat ontologic character of American football with the mimetic character of soccer, especially as played in Brazil, where the paradigm of masters and slaves is still present. José Miguel Wisnik (University of São Paulo) elaborated on the dialectics of production of presence (resistance against interpretation, "no-hermeneutics") and production of sense. In his reply, Gumbrecht explained that the concepts of empty and occupied space imply religious allusions (transcendental emptiness). Willi Bolle (University of São Paulo) raised the question of the extent to which the issue of aesthetics, seen from the perspective of American football and soccer, must be totally reconsidered.
This article deals with the annotations made by Victor Klemperer, in the diary of his 1925 journey to Rio de Janeiro. His descriptions are shown to be pervaded by his constant attempt to analyse, to interpret objectively and to compare his observations with what he already knew, and not merely a protocol of his emotions and the impressions brought about by the newness and the exotism of his experiences during the journey.
O olhar estrangeiro
(1998)
This text tries to illustrate what we understand by strangeness, alterity and exotopy. From the point of view of a stranger, we, as Brazilians, see and read products of foreign cultures in an exotopic way, which is quite productive. The same occurs with Germans looking at US, which gives us another view of ourselves. As an illustration, the poem "calypso" from Ernst Jandl will be discussed in this context.
This paper aims to present a type of verb which serves to connect two or more propositions to each other in a way similar to that carried out by connectors such as conjunctions and prepositions. It is the objective of this paper to classify the types of semantic connections they establish, such as cause and effect, equivalence, and temporality. Verbs with this type of connectivity are called "connection verbs". They are investigated both in German and Portuguese, organized according to the semantic relations they indicate, and described by means of syntactic and semantic criteria.
This text aims to describe and to discuss the two different images of Brazil present in the travel notes and in the poetry of the German writer Marie Luise Kaschnitz.
Heinrich Heine and Castro Alves wrote poems with the same title: "Das Sklavenschiff" and "O Navio Negreiro". However, this does not mean that Castro Alves plagiarized Heinrich Heine, the author of the first source. Although both of the poems deal with the same theme, an analysis will show and prove the evident divergency in the convergency.
This paper is meant to be an introduction to the works of Hubert Fichte. It presents some passages from his texts that help to understand his ethnopoetics.
In a taxonomic survey carried out in cerrado vegetation from Alagoinhas county, State of Bahia, 15 species of Bryophyta, were identified distributed into 12 genera and 9 families, and 12 species of Hepatophyta distributed in 7 genera and 2 families. Cheilolejeunea rigidula (Mont. ) Schust., Diplasiolejeunea cobrensis Gott. ex Steph., Diplasiolejeunea rudolphiana Steph., Frullanoides corticalis (Lehm. & Lindenb.) van Slag., Frullania neesii Lindenb., Lejeunea glaucescens Gott. and Leucolejeunea unciloba (Lindenb.) Evans are mentioned for the first time for Bahia and Harpalejeunea stricta (Lindenb. & Gott.) Steph. is new for Brazil.
The moss flora of the state of Bahia is represented by 208 species distributed in 88 genera and 34 families. Of these, 188 have already been recorded for the Bahia. In this paper are reported 18 species of mosses belonging to 16 genera and 12 families (Archidiaceae, Orthotrichaceae, Bartramiaceae, Bryaceae, Thuidiaceae, Sematophyllaceae, Pterobryaceae, Meteoriaceae, Hookeriaceae, Pottiaceae, Calymperaceae and Fissidentaceae) for Bahia and represent an additional contribution to the knowledge of the bryophyte flora of this state.
This article deals with the notion of reality. During the last twenty years, public discourse in Western societies has identified the opposition between the real and the virtual as one of the cultural key questions. Taking concrete examples as a point of departure, the paper investigates the semantics of the polysemic tems virtual and real. A semiotic model of the relation between (human) organisms, concepts and signs is used in order to demonstrate that the virtual cannot be adequately described as something opposed to reality, but must be seen as an indispensable part of it. The way in which organisms constitute reality is discussed in the light of the basic cognitive operations of categorization and the formation of conceptual relations, and also of their linguistic counterparts. The apparent conflict between the real and the virtual, which has led many critics to develop apocalyptic visions of the end of civilization, is, in fact, a phantom, product of an outdated theory of semantics.
This paper examines four German transportation verbs with the prefix weg-, concentrating on their syntax and their semantic and pragmatic interpretations. The empirical data investigated are from across-linguistic Corpus of German and Brazilian Portuguese as foreign languages. The analysis is based on the concept of focus, which is defined as a point on the path along which the patient of the process moves. The focus must be either mentioned or contextually evident. Each transportation verb will be able to establish a typical focus. German prefix-verbs with weg- are characterized by a focus-conflict that can be resolved through different interpretation strategies.
O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar algumas idéias sobre o tema do treinamento corporal e sua relação com o domínio da natureza. Para isso apresenta-se a teoria da formação do sujeito e da civilização desenvolvida por Theodor W. Adorno e Max Horkheimer, sobretudo na Dialética do esclarecimento. A ênfase recai sobre o papel do sacrifício nesse processo, e a relação deste com o corpo. A partir daí procura-se entender o esporte, e dentro dele o treinamento corporal, com vistas a desenvolver uma análise daquele baseada na lógica sacrificial e na correspondente redução do corpo a uma naturalidade desqualificada e fungível.
Tomando a questão do trabalho como referência básica, analisa-se a obra de Habermas conforme três aspectos básicos: a relação entre sua obra e a de Marx; a relação entre sua teoria e a Teoria Crítica da Sociedade; a crítica ao conceito habermasiano de sociedade. Argumenta-se que, ao colocar-se fora da esfera do trabalho, a análise de Habermas permanece prisioneira da forma histórica particular do trabalho no capitalismo.
Contesta-se a tese de Habermas que toma o marxismo como urna variante da filosofia da consciência. O materialismo histórico é reconstruído a partir da inter-relação dialética entre as categorias trabalho e linguagem, abrindo a possibilidade de recuperação da crítica marxista às instituições modernas: o Estado e a empresa capitalista. Argumenta-se que a tentativa habermasiana de escapar das malhas da filosofia da consciência acaba recaindo no que o autor denomina solipsismo social.
In this Paper, the idea of "ethnopoetics" is seen not exclusively as the characteristic trait of Hubert Fichte's (1935-1986) work, but as one among several forms of New Ethnology, which appeared in the context of the crisis of traditional ethnology in the 20th century. The first part intends to conceptually clarify several issues introduced by Fichte, such as the transformation of the world into words, the connection between fieldwork and interpretation, the "participant observation", and the encounter between hegemonic and peripheral cultures, comparing them with the ethnographical essays of Lévi-Strauss, Malinowski, Evans-Pritchard and Ruth Benedict. The second part is devoted to Fichte's posthumous book "Explosion", published in 1993 – where he relates his experience of three journeys in Brazil, between 1969 and 1982, a text which may be considered as his working journal and guide to all his publications on Brazil. I discuss how far the author realized his proposals to write a "novel of ethnology" and to create a "new ethnology".
This article shows how the genre Bildungsroman (self-development novel) has been assimilated to the Brazilian literary tradition. Through the examples of Cristina Ferreira Pinto's "O 'Bildungsroman' feminino" ("The female novel of development") and Eduardo de Assis Duarte's "Jorge Amado e o 'Bildungsroman' proletário" ("Jorge Amado and the proletarian novel of development"), this article focuses the dynamic process by means of which a typical European genre has been assimilated by a young South-American literary tradition.