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Knowledge about useful plants and their various applications in West Africa is scattered over many publications and often in form of grey literature difficult to access. Several online-databases compile large scale information from these sources and provide comprehensive summarized descriptions of plant usages. Our aim is to additionally build up a database (UseDa) for primary ethnobotanical interview data. Thus, quantitative data can be extracted and synthesized and data sets can be treated according to different research questions analyzing for example uses in specific areas, of different ethnic groups or user groups, which is essential for practical applications on a local level. In this article we give an overview on the technical structure and the content of the database and discuss at the end the possible output for practical application. The database was set up in the frame of the EU-funded Project UNDESERT.
Use of drug-eluting balloon coronary intervention prior to living donor kidney transplantation
(2014)
Background: Kidney transplantation is the gold standard of therapy in patients with terminal renal insufficiency. Living donor transplantation is a well-established option in this field. Enlarging the donor's pool implicates the acceptance of an increased rate of comorbidities. Among them, coronary artery disease is a growing problem. An increasing number of patients, undergoing living donation, receive antiplatelet therapies due to coronary disease.
Case presentation: Here we report about the perioperative treatment with a drug-eluting balloon in a patient with major cardiac risk factors who underwent kidney transplantation.
Conclusion: At the current time no recommendation can be given for the routine use of drug-eluting balloons.
Am Ende seiner 'Archäologie der Humanwissenschaften' hat Michel Foucault darauf gewettet, dass der Mensch - diese "junge Erfindung" - "verschwindet wie am Meeresufer ein Gesicht im Sand." Gemeint war damit nicht die Möglichkeit der physischen Auslöschung der Gattung, die zur Zeit der Erstveröffentlichung des Buches im Jahre 1966 - unter den Bedingungen des Kalten Krieges - immerhin breit diskutiert wurde. Vielmehr erwartete Foucault eine grundlegende Transformation der Episteme, in deren Gefolge 'der Mensch' seine zentrale Stellung zur Erklärung der Gesellschaft und der Geschichte wieder verlieren würde - eine Depotenzierung und Dezentrierung des Menschen, die Foucault in den Arbeiten von Marx, Nietzsche und Freud angebahnt sah. Die aktuelle Konjunktur des Begriffs 'Anthropozän' verdient vor diesem Hintergrund besondere Beachtung.
The disintegrin and metalloproteinases ADAM10 and ADAM17 are regarded as the most important α-secretases involved in the physiological processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in brain. Since it has been suggested that processing of APP by α-secretases could be involved in the reorganization of the brain following injury, we studied mRNA expression of the two α-secretases Adam10 and Adam17, the ß-secretase Bace1, and the App-gene family (App, Aplp1, Aplp2) in the dentate gyrus of the mouse following entorhinal denervation. Using laser microdissection, tissue was harvested from the outer molecular layer and the granule cell layer of the denervated dentate gyrus. Expression levels of candidate genes were assessed using Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Gene 1.0 ST arrays and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, revealing an upregulation of Adam10 mRNA and Adam17 mRNA in the denervated outer molecular layer and an upregulation of Adam10 mRNA and App mRNA in the dentate granule cell layer. Immunolabeling for ADAM10 or ADAM17 in combination with markers for astro- and microglia revealed an increased labeling of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in the denervated outer molecular layer that was associated with reactive astrocytes but not with microglia. Collectively, these data show that denervation affects the expression level of APP and its two most important α-secretases. This suggests that APP-processing could be shifted towards the non-amyloidogenic pathway in denervated areas of the brain and, thus, towards the formation of neuroprotective APP cleavage products, such as APPsα.
Franz Kafkas Äußerungen zu seiner angeblichen Unmusikalität sind in der Kafka-Forschung hinlänglich bekannt. Weniger erforscht ist, wie diese spezifische Unmusikalität mit Kafkas poetologischem Konzept zu vereinen ist. Die Auffassung von Musik in seinen Texten, wie zum Beispiel in 'Josefine, die Sängerin' oder 'Das Volk der Mäuse', im Schluss des Romanfragments 'Der Verschollene' und in seinen Briefen und Tagebucheintragungen, verdeutlicht, dass er ein ganz anderes Verständnis von Musik hatte als etwa sein musikalischer Freund Max Brod. Vor dem Hintergrund von Brods Übersetzungsarbeit am Libretto von Leoš Janáčeks 'Jenůfa (Ihre Ziehtochter)' und von der Einführung der Oper auf die internationale Szene wird ein Zusammenhang zwischen Musikalität und Kafkas Auffassung von Literatur hergestellt.
Understanding the diverging opinions of academic experts, stakeholders and the public is important for effective conservation management. This is especially so when a consensus is needed for action to minimize future risks but the knowledge upon which to base this action is uncertain or missing. How to manage non-native, invasive species (NIS) is an interesting case in point: the issue has long been controversial among stakeholders, but publicly visible, major disagreement among experts is recent. To characterize the multitude of experts’ understanding and valuation of non-native, NIS we performed structured qualitative interviews with 26 academic experts, 13 of whom were invasion biologists and 13 landscape experts. Within both groups, thinking varied widely, not only about basic concepts (e.g., non-native, invasive) but also about their valuation of effects of NIS. The divergent opinions among experts, regarding both the overall severity of the problem in Europe and its importance for ecosystem services, contrasted strongly with the apparent consensus that emerges from scientific synthesis articles and policy documents. We postulate that the observed heterogeneity of expert judgments is related to three major factors: (1) diverging conceptual understandings, (2) lack of empirical information and high scientific uncertainties due to complexities and contingencies of invasion processes, and (3) missing deliberation of values. Based on theory from science studies, we interpret the notion of an NIS as a boundary object, i.e., concepts that have a similar but not identical meaning to different groups of experts and stakeholders. This interpretative flexibility of a concept can facilitate interaction across diverse groups but bears the risk of introducing misunderstandings. An alternative to seeking consensus on exact definitions and risk assessments would be for invasive species experts to acknowledge uncertainties and engage transparently with stakeholders and the public in deliberations about conflicting opinions, taking the role of honest brokers of policy alternatives rather than of issue advocates.
August von Platen notiert 1816 nach der Lektüre von John Miltons Paradise Lost (1667) in das Memorandum meines Lebens, dass ihm Milton "[a]m glücklichsten […] in seinen eigenen Erfindungen [erscheint], […] weniger interessant ist es mir, wo er nur die Bibel nacherzählt." Die in Platens Tagebucheintrag zu lesende Kritik an Miltons Epos ist rein-ästhetischer Natur. Die Differenz zwischen 'eigenen Erfindungen' und der Nacherzählung der Bibel betrifft die Heilige Poesie selbst aber freilich tiefgreifender. Hier führt das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Poiesis und Nacherzählung zu einem komplexen Legitimationsbedürfnis, ob und wieweit das mythische Wort Gottes, von dem die Heilige Schrift zeugt, in der Heiligen Poesie ausgeführt werden darf.
Meiner These zufolge ist das in 'Paradise Lost' zu findende Sujet des Sündenfalls für die Problemstellung der Heiligen Poesie im Allgemeinen exemplarisch. Es fällt auf, dass sich das an der Heiligen Poesie abzulesende Spannungsverhältnis zwischen dem autoritativen Wort Gottes und der poetischen Freiheit strukturanalog im Sündenfall der Genesis widerspiegelt. Denn so, wie die anthropologischen Überlegungen der Genesis und ihre im 18. Jahrhundert frequente Bearbeitung in der Aufklärungsphilosophie den Menschen zwischen Gehorsam und Freiheit situieren, so verortet sich offenbar auch die Heilige Poesie zwischen den Fronten der religiösen Heteronomie und der poetischen Autonomie.
Türkiye'de Akademik Açık Erişim Dergi Yayıncılığı ve Çeviribilim Alanındaki Açık Erişim Dergiler
(2014)
Bu çalışmada Türkiye'nin akademik açık erişim dergi yayıncılığında geldiği noktayı ortaya koymak, 70'li yıllardan itibaren dilbilim ve filolojiden ayrılarak kendi bilimsel çerçevesini çizen ve kendi bilimsel iletişim sistemini oluşturan Çeviribilim alanının, bilimsel iletişim sisteminin en önemli araçlarından biri olan akademik açık erişim dergicilik konusunda aldığı mesafeyi görmek, bu konuda mevcut eksiklikleri tespit etmek ve bunlara çözüm önerilerinde bulunmak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla ulusal ve uluslararası açık erişim veritabanları incelenerek elde edilen bilgiler değerlendirilmeye çalışıldı. Çalışmanın birinci aşamasında Türkiye'nin akademik açık erişim dergicilik konusundaki mevcut durumu değerlendirilirken ikinci aşamada Çeviribilim alanının durumu ele alındı. Son aşamada ise elde edilen verilerden anlamlı sonuçlar çıkarılarak genel bir değerlendirme yapıldı ve çeşitli öneriler sunuldu.
Wohnen im eigenen kleinen Haus gilt mit seinen Versprechen von Individualität und Privatheit als Topos der Unabhängigkeit. Dergestalt selbstbezogenes Wohnen erscheint zunächst als unvereinbar mit konnexbewusstem ökologischem Engagement. Gleichwohl sind Bewohner von besonders konzipierten Eigenheimen der Ansicht, sie könnten mit ihren Häusern zur Verbesserung der herrschenden ökologischen Verhältnisse beitragen. Diese Meinung lässt sie von 'Öko-Eigenheime' sprechen. In den letzten Jahren forcierte die Politik deren Errichtung durch finanzielle Anreize. Gleichzeitig polarisieren Öko-Eigenheime durch unterschiedliche funktionale und formale Entwürfe. Zu Beginn meiner Untersuchungen, 2006, war das Feld um Öko-Eigenheime noch besonders 'warm'. Dies zeigte sich unter anderem in der Offenheit gegenüber 'Pionieren', sowohl im 'harten' Segment des stofflichen Gehäuses als auch im 'weichen' Segment der Wohnpraxis. Um den innovativen Gehalt des Umgangs mit diesen spezifischen Eigenheimen auszuloten, fragt die hier vorgestellte Studie im Kern nach den Lebensstilen ihrer Bewohner und ferner nach wesentlichen Feldbedingungen.
This paper analyzes two contemporary, „third-generation“ perspectives within critical theory - Nancy Fraser’s and Axel Honneth’s - with the aim of examining the degree to which the two authors succeed in grounding the normative criteria of social critique in the perspectives of ’ordinary’ social actors, as opposed to speculative social theory. To that end, the author focuses on the influential debate between Fraser and Honneth Redistribution or Recognition? which concerns the appropriate normative foundations of a „post-metaphysical“ critical theory, and attempts to reconstruct the fundamental 29 disagreements between Fraser and Honneth over the meaning and tasks of critical theory. The author concludes that both critical theorists ultimately secure the normative foundations of critique through substantive theorizations of the social, which frame the two authors’ „reconstructions“ of the normativity of everyday social action, but argues that post-metaphysical critical theory does not have to abandon comprehensive social theory in order to be epistmologically „non-authoritarian“.