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Joachim Wittstock (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Klingsoriana Poetisches aus dem Umfeld einer Kulturzeitschrift und ihres Redakteurs Harald Krasser (13)
Roxana Nubert/Ana-Maria Dascălu-Romiṭan (Temeswar): Raumerfahrungen bei Oskar Walter Cisek (29)
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Sunhild Galter (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Weibliche Lebensräume in Gabriele Wohmanns Erzählungen (60)
Christel Baltes-Löhr (Luxemburg): Geschlecht, Migration und Raum als Kontinuum. Versuch einer Begriffsbestimmung (74)
Marcela Ivan (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Aspekte der Raumgestaltung in Andreas Birkners Erzählung Der Brautschmuck des Sebastian Hann (99)
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Claudia Spiridon (Klausenburg): Die Funktion des Schweigens in Herta Müllers Erzählung Niederungen (156)
Oana Angharad Frandeş (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Der Mythos des Ahasver in der klinischen Praxis (174)
II. Sprachwissenschaft
Hermann Scheuringer (Regensburg): Historische Mehrsprachigkeit mit Deutsch im östlichen Europa (187)
Doris Sava (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Empirische Methoden und Beschreibungsverfahren der korpusbasierten Phraseografie (204)
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Mihaela Parpalea (Kronstadt): Sprachliche Aspekte des Schweigens in verschiedenen Kulturen (256)
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Delia Eṣian (Iassy): Mite Kremnitz als Übersetzerin und Romanschriftstellerin (275)
Alexandra Chiriac (Iassy): Katharina die II. von Russland. Die kulturelle Übersetzung und der ideologische Transfer vom Westen nach Osten (290)
Verzeichnis der AutorInnen (311)
The principles of the Islamic mystical exegesis are presented in this article. The sources of Islamic mystical exegesis of the Qur’an starts with Prophet Muhammad and his companions and continues with the following generations. In this regard, the narratives of ʿUmar and Ibn ʿAbbās are noteworthy because they were the first who disclosed the underlying meaning of certain verses which have reached us until today. The commentaries of the Islamic mystical exegetes are supported by the Qurʾān, some key Hadith of the Prophet and actions and words of his companions. This is a type of knowledge by unveiling (kašf) and is obtained by a channel that is confidential and closed to others. This leads to an ongoing debate as the confirmability is difficult. It is acknowledged that as long as these commentaries do not contradict with the literal meaning of the verses, are supported by solid narrations, or do not harm the boundaries of sharia they should be accepted as an enrichment.
This article is concerned with the mystical exegesis of the journey between Moses and Ḫiḍr mentioned in the Qurʾān in Sūrah al-Kahf (18/60-82). The verses are viewed and analysed by the commentaries of classic commentators (mufassirūn) aṭ-Ṭabarī, az-Zamaḫšarī and ar-Razī. The emphasis is set on the content-related description of Moses and Ḫiḍr which are found in Sūrah al-Kahf. The supreme allegory of the journey is that divinely-inspired knowledge (al-ʿilm al-ladunnī) may be received in the form of revelation (as Moses did) or as mystical, intuitive knowledge (as was given to Ḫiḍr). Classic commentators suggest, despite the distinguished position of Moses as a prophet, that the knowledge given to Ḫiḍr is superior and described as a secret or hidden knowledge. For this reason, Ḫiḍr holds an essential position in Islamic mystical tradition (taṣawwuf), in which Sūrah al-Kahf is considered as a legitimation for the mystical dimension in Islam.
İşârî Tefsirlerin Işığında Hz. Zekeriya'nın Vesâyeti Altındaki Meryem ve Onun Kur’ân’daki Mucizes
(2016)
The purpose of this article is to explore the Qurʾānic verses that mention Mary and the miraculous events that occured in particular during the guardianship of Zacharia. In this context commentators from the Islamic mystical tradition underline the link between the aspects of asceticism (riyāḍa) and miracles (karāmāt) with the Sufi tradition. They emphasise on the superior status of Mary in the sight of Allah Who has raised and protected her with great care. Commentators agree that Mary is not a Prophet, but can be seen as a serveant who became a friend of Allah (walī). Moreover, they highlight that Allah will always protect and support those who have obtained this superior status just as He did with Mary.
Diyalog 2016/2
(2016)
Die vorliegende Ausgabe sticht mit Beiträgen aus den komparatistischen, imagologischen, sprach-, erziehungs- und translationswissenschaftlichen Fachbereichen der Germanistik hervor. 'Literaturwissenschaftlich' sind die beiden ersten Beiträge, die sich vor allem 'komparatistisch' mit dem Thema Kafka befassen ("Kafka und sozialistischer Realismus im Blick von Peter Weiss. Eine Abhandlung anhand der Verweise des Romans 'Ästhetik des Widerstands' auf die Romane 'Das Schloss' von Kafka und 'Barrikaden am Wedding' von Neukrantz" und "Recht am Bruchpunkt: Individualitäts- Identitäts- und Zugehörigkeitsproblematik in den Romanen 'Der Proceß' von Franz Kafka und 'Das Tagebuch' von Isa von Melih Cevdet Anday"). 'Imagologisch' geht es um die "Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Übersetzung des Fremden in das Eigene am Beispiel Georg Forsters 'Reise um die Welt'", während 'sprachwissenschaftlich' das folgende Problem diskutiert wird: "Syntaktische und semantische Fehler in den von Online-Übersetzungsprogrammen übersetzten Texten - Sprachkombination Deutsch-Türkisch/Türkisch-Deutsch". 'Translationswissenschaftlich' werden "der Begriff Translationskompetenz und seine Implikationen hinsichtlich der akademischen Translationsdidaktik" und "Abnormitäten oder Analogien bei Übersetzungen deutscher und türkischer Nebensatzkonstruktionen" diskutiert. Die Übersetzung von literarischen Titeln am Beispiel von Thomas Manns Erzählung 'Die Betrogene' und ihre Übersetzungen ins Türkische bildet das Thema des dritten Beitrags dieses Fachbereichs. Der Fachbereich "Erziehungswissenschaft" wird von zwei BeiträgerInnen vertreten: Es geht hier einerseits um eine Studie über Gebrauch und Aktivierung des Grammatikwissens in den vier Fertigkeiten im DaF-Unterricht und andererseits um die Untersuchung der Effizienz der Lehrmethoden bei der Vermittlung berufsbezogener Sprachkenntnisse der Tourismusbranche. Zwei Rezensionen ("…Deutsch-türkische Erzähltexte im interkulturellen Literaturunterricht…" und "Reflexionen über Entfremdungserscheinungen in Christa Wolfs 'Medea. Stimmen'") und Berichte über die internationale Tagung "Germanistik zwischen Regionalität und Internationalität: 60 Jahre Temeswarer Germanistik" und über das internationale Symposium "Zum 100. Geburtstag des Dichters Oğuz Tansel und die türkische Märchenwelt" runden die Ausgabe 2016/2 ab.
Carulaspis juniperi (Bouché) is newly documented as occurring in the Korean fauna of armored scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae). The characters of this genus and species are redescribed based on specimens collected in Korea. In addition, four species of aphelinids (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) associated with C. juniperi were collected in Korea during the survey. Of these, Aphytis japonicus DeBach and Azim and Encarsia explorata (Silvestri) are recorded for the fi rst time from C. juniperi.
In diversen Wissenschaftsdisziplinen ist derzeit eine Konjunktur der Begriffe Modell und Modellierung zu beobachten. Darunter sind auch solche Disziplinen, die Begriff wie Praxis des Modells bislang nicht zu ihrem methodischen Kernbereich zählten. Die Aktualität des Begriffs wie die Notwendigkeit einer Arbeit mit Modellen zeigt sich beispielsweise im Kontext sogenannter 'global challenges' wie klimatischer oder ökonomischer Krisen, die immer schon die Zuständigkeit einzelner Wissenschaften überschreiten und eine interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit verlangen. Eine zunehmende Resonanz modellhaften Denkens lässt sich indessen auch dort erkennen, wo kanonische Themen aus dem Geltungsbereich der Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften zur Diskussion stehen. Es liegt daher die Vermutung nahe, der Modellbegriff erweise sein Potenzial nicht nur hinsichtlich der Analyse und Prognose komplexer dynamischer Systeme, sondern auch im Hinblick auf die interdisziplinäre Untersuchung tradierter Gegenstände wie literarischer Formen und Epochen, deren geschichtlicher Wandel beleuchtet werden soll. Die neue Anschlussfähigkeit für literatur- und kulturwissenschaftliche Ansätze ist u. a. der jüngeren Modelltheorie zu verdanken, welche das Modell bzw. den Modellierungsvorgang selbst im Modell erfasst und zugleich auf die 'aktiven Potenziale' sowie auf die Grenzen von Modellen hinsichtlich ihres epistemischen Status oder ihrer Materialität hingewiesen hat.
Expeditions of Ron Brechlin, Viktor Synjaev, Mildred Márquez, Juan Machado, Oleg Romanov and other colleagues over the last five years in Colombia, Ecuador and Bolivia have resulted in significant collections of Pterophoridae Zeller, 1841. The article describes five new species: Singularia brechlini Kovtunovich & Ustjuzhanin sp. nov., Singularia sinjaevi Kovtunovich & Ustjuzhanin sp. nov., Singularia guajiro Kovtunovich & Ustjuzhanin sp. nov., Singularia tolima Kovtunovich & Ustjuzhanin sp. nov. and Singularia lesya Kovtunovich & Ustjuzhanin sp. nov.
A new benthic freshwater diatom, Fragilaria rinoi Almeida & C.Delgado sp. nov., is described from river periphyton samples in Portugal. Fragilaria rinoi sp. nov. is illustrated and discussed based on populations collected from the Vouga, Mondego and Lis river basins in central Portugal and compared with the type material of Fragilaria vaucheriae (Kütz.) J.B.Petersen. The morphological features of the new diatom species are documented through light and scanning electron micrographs, including a comparative analysis with related species of the genus (F. candidagilae Almeida, C.Delgado, Novais & S.Blanco, F. intermedia Grunow in Van Heurck, F. neointermedia Tuji & D.M.Williams, F. recapitellata Lange-Bert. & Metzeltin, F. perminuta (Grunow) Lange-Bert., F. vaucheriae and F. microvaucheriae C.E.Wetzel & Ector). Fragilaria rinoi sp. nov. is characterized by solitary cells without spines, lanceolate valves with slightly rostrate apices, a narrow, linear axial area, and a large, unilateral central area. Fragilaria rinoi sp. nov. may be confused with F. microvaucheriae in terms of length, striae density and outline, although a morphometric analysis revealed that F. rinoi sp. nov. is significantly wider. Fragilaria rinoi sp. nov. is present in rivers with high dissolved oxygen concentrations, medium to high conductivity, neutral to slightly alkaline pH and high mean values of nitrates and ammonium.
Isolates of Mesanophrys cf. carcini Small & Lynn in Aescht, 2001 and Parauronema cf. longum Song, 1995 infected a freshwater mussel (bleufer, Potamilus purpuratus (Lamarck, 1819)) collected from Chewacla Creek, Auburn, Alabama, USA. Free-living specimens of Metanophrys similis (Song, Shang, Chen & Ma, 2002) 2002, Uronema marinum Dujardin, 1841, Uronemita filificum Kahl, 1931, Pleuronema setigerum Calkins, 1902 and Pseudocohnilembus hargisi Evans & Thompson, 1964, were collected from estuarine waters near Orange beach, Alabama. Based on observations of living and silver-impregnated cells, we provide redescriptions as well as comparisons with original descriptions for the seven species. We also comment on the geographic distributions of known populations of these aquatic ciliate species and provide a table reporting some aquatic scuticociliates of the eastern US Gulf Coast.
The paper provides the first illustrated key to all described genera of Ceinae, i.e., Bohpa Darling, 1991, Cea Walker, 1837, and Spalangiopelta Masi, 1922. Based on the study of the original material, the genus Diparisca Hedqvist, 1964 stat. nov. is removed from the synonymy with Spalangiopelta and its higher classification is discussed. Spalangiopelta rameli sp. nov. and S. viridis sp. nov. are described from Greece and the Canary Islands, respectively.
A new genus and species of sympagic trachymedusa, Glaciambulata neumayeri gen. et sp. nov., are described based on material from Antarctica. Its generic features are compared to those of its relatives, Ptychogastria Allman, 1878 and Tesserogastria Beyer, 1959, and a review of the family Ptychogastriidae Mayer, 1910, based on literature data, is provided. From this, it results that the poorlyknown Pectis antarctica Haeckel, 1879, formerly assigned to Ptychogastria by a number of authors, displays all characters of the contemporary rhopalonematid genus Voragonema Naumov, 1971. It is additionally demonstrated that V. laciniata Bouillon et al., 2001 is coterminous with P. antarctica, a finding that clarifies, 137 years later, the morphology and the taxonomic status of Haeckel’s medusa. In accordance with the Principle of Priority, Pectis is recognized as the valid name of the genus, and Voragonema is assigned to its synonymy. Similarly so, the specific name introduced by Haeckel has priority over laciniata.
The Australian endemic staphylinoid plant bug genus Carvalhoma Slater & Gross, 1977 is revised. The genus is redescribed and its systematic position within Cylapinae is discussed. Carvalhoma malcolmae Slater & Gross, 1977 and C. taplini Slater & Gross, 1977 are redescribed. Three species, C. ovatum sp. nov., C. parvum sp. nov., and C. weiri sp. nov., are described as new to science. A key to species, digital habitus images, SEM images, drawings of male and female genitalia and distribution map are provided.
Macunahyphes zagaia sp. nov. and M. araca sp. nov. are described based on imagines collected from the Amazon biome in Brazil. Specimens belonging to all species of the genus were examined and a diagnosis for each one is provided. Variation seen in the male imago of M. eduardoi is described, as well as the female and egg for the first time. Together with M. eduardoi, the two new species share the presence of a basal swelling on segment II of the forceps, which raises important questions concerning the evolution of this character in Leptohyphidae. Finally, a re-definition of the genus is proposed.
The spider diversity of the family Anyphaenidae in premontane, low evergreen montane and cloud forest from the Chocó region of Ecuador is examined. A total of 287 adult specimens were collected and 19 morphospecies were identified based on male specimens. Thirteen new species are described and one new genus is proposed. Five new species are described in the genus Katissa Brescovit, 1997: Katissa kurusiki sp. nov., K. puyu sp. nov., K. tamya sp. nov., K. yaya sp. nov. and K. guyasamini sp. nov. The new genus Shuyushka gen. nov. is proposed and includes three species: Shuyushka achachay gen. et sp. nov., S. moscai gen. et sp. nov. and S. wachi gen. et sp. nov. Finally, five species are described in the genus Patrera Simon, 1903: P. hatunkiru sp. nov., P. philipi sp. nov., P. suni sp. nov., P. shida sp. nov. and P. witsu sp. nov. New records are provided for Patrera fulvastra Simon, 1903 and Josa nigrifrons Simon, 1897.
The fossil sirenian material from the upper Oligocene Linz Sands of Upper Austria is reviewed and re-described in detail following a recent approach on the invalidity of the genus Halitherium Kaup, 1838. This morphological study provides the first evidence for the synonymy of “Halitherium” cristolii Fitzinger 1842, “H.” abeli Spillmann, 1959 and “H.” pergense (Toula, 1899), supporting the hypothesis that only a single species inhabited the late Oligocene shores of present-day Upper Austria. In the course of the taxonomic revision of the “Halitherium” species-complex, this taxon is now assigned to the new genus Lentiarenium Voss gen. nov. It represents a more derived sirenian compared to Eocene and early Oligocene taxa distributed across Central Europe and North Africa, which is in accordance with the stratigraphical data. An updated inventory list of all identifiable and referable skeletal material is provided, including a detailed synonymy list for the new taxonomic combination.
The Lycocerus hanatanii species group is revised, with the addition of seven taxa: L. araticollis (Fairmaire, 1897), L. nigripennis (Pic, 1938), L. griseopubens (Pic, 1928), L. yitingi Hsiao & Okushima sp. nov., L. aurantiacus Hsiao & Okushima sp. nov., L. evangelium Hsiao & Okushima sp. nov. and L. kintaroi Hsiao & Okushima sp. nov. Supplementary descriptions of the males of L. araticollis and L. griseopubens are provided. Lycocerus nigripennis (Pic, 1938) and L. pictus (Wittmer, 1983) are redescribed in detail. Each species is provided with photos or illustrations of genitalia of both sexes and abdominal ventrite VII of the female if available. Distribution maps and a key to the species of the L. hanatanii species group are presented. In addition, the monophyly of the L. hanatanii species group is supported based on a morphological phylogenetic analysis.