Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Preprint (673)
- Article (461)
- Conference Proceeding (4)
- magisterthesis (1)
- Working Paper (1)
Has Fulltext
- yes (1140)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (1140)
Keywords
- Heavy Ion Experiments (20)
- Hadron-Hadron Scattering (11)
- Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments) (11)
- LHC (9)
- Heavy-ion collision (6)
- inflammation (6)
- macrophage (6)
- cancer (5)
- sphingosine-1-phosphate (5)
- ALICE experiment (4)
- Collective Flow (4)
- Jets (4)
- Quark-Gluon Plasma (4)
- apoptosis (4)
- reactive oxygen species (4)
- tumor microenvironment (4)
- ALICE (3)
- Heavy Ions (3)
- Immunology (3)
- Jets and Jet Substructure (3)
- lipocalin-2 (3)
- macrophage polarization (3)
- macrophages (3)
- pp collisions (3)
- psoriasis (3)
- Atmospheric science (2)
- Beauty production (2)
- Breast cancer (2)
- Breast tumors (2)
- Charm physics (2)
- Climate change (2)
- Experimental nuclear physics (2)
- Experimental particle physics (2)
- Gene expression (2)
- Heavy Quark Production (2)
- Lepton-Nucleon Scattering (experiments) (2)
- Macrophages (2)
- Nrf2 (2)
- Particle Correlations and Fluctuations (2)
- Particle and resonance production (2)
- Particle correlations and fluctuations (2)
- Pb–Pb collisions (2)
- QCD (2)
- Single electrons (2)
- angiogenesis (2)
- atherosclerosis (2)
- chemotherapy (2)
- iron (2)
- lung cancer (2)
- phagocytosis (2)
- sepsis (2)
- 900 GeV (1)
- ALICE detector (1)
- Acute inflammation (1)
- Adjuvant procedure (1)
- Adjuvantes Verfahren (1)
- Advanced breast cancer (1)
- Aggression (1)
- Angioplasty (1)
- Anti-nuclei (1)
- Antihormone therapy (1)
- Atmospheric chemistry (1)
- Biomarker (1)
- Biomarkers (1)
- Bipolar disorder (1)
- Boosted Jets (1)
- CLOUD experiment (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cancer genomics (1)
- Careers (1)
- Cell binding (1)
- Cell staining (1)
- Centrality Class (1)
- Centrality Selection (1)
- Circadian (1)
- Clinical Trials and Observations (1)
- Collective Flow, (1)
- Comparison with QCD (1)
- Cytoskeleton (1)
- DNA methylation (1)
- Decision making (1)
- Diagnostic medicine (1)
- Electron-pion identification (1)
- Electroweak interaction (1)
- Elliptic flow (1)
- Environmental impacts (1)
- Epigenetics (1)
- Erzähltechnik (1)
- Extended donor criteria (1)
- Extracellular vesicles (1)
- Femtoscopy (1)
- Fibre/foam sandwich radiator (1)
- Flow cytometry (1)
- Functional mitral regurgitation (1)
- G2A (1)
- GEMs (1)
- GPCR (1)
- Gene/Regulation (1)
- Genetic loci (1)
- Genetic networks (1)
- Genetics (1)
- Glycolysis (1)
- HBT (1)
- HCC marker (1)
- HDAC (1)
- HER2 c-erbB2 (1)
- HER2/neu (1)
- HIF-2 (1)
- Hadron production (1)
- Hadron-Hadron Scattering Heavy (1)
- Hadron-hadron interactions (1)
- Hard Scattering (1)
- Health care sector (1)
- Heavy Ion Experiment (1)
- Heavy flavor production (1)
- Heavy flavour production (1)
- Heavy ions (1)
- Heavy-flavour decay muons (1)
- Heavy-flavour production (1)
- Heavy-ion collisions (1)
- Hemodynamics (1)
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (1)
- Heregulin (1)
- Hypoxia (1)
- IFN-β (1)
- IL-1β (1)
- IL-27 cytokine (1)
- ISR (1)
- Immune cells (1)
- Immunogenetics (1)
- Inclusive spectra (1)
- Inflammation (1)
- Intensity interferometry (1)
- Invariant Mass Distribution (1)
- Ionisation energy loss (1)
- Iron (1)
- Jet Physics (1)
- Jet Substructure (1)
- Kupffer cells (1)
- LDHB (1)
- Langzeiteffekt (1)
- Long-term effect (1)
- Lymphocytes (1)
- Lymphoid tissues (1)
- MAGGIC score (1)
- MM-121 (1)
- Macrophage (1)
- Material budget (1)
- Mechanism of action (1)
- Medical education (1)
- Messenger RNA (1)
- Metastatic (1)
- Methylation (1)
- Meyrink, Gustav / Der Golem (1)
- Mid-rapidity (1)
- Minimum Bias (1)
- Mitochondrial ROS (1)
- MitraClip (1)
- Monte Carlo (1)
- Mouse models (1)
- Multi-Parton Interactions (1)
- Multi-strange baryons (1)
- Multi-wire proportional drift chamber (1)
- Myeloid Neoplasia (1)
- Mφs (1)
- NADPH oxidase (1)
- NLRP3 inflammasomes (1)
- Natriuretic peptide (1)
- Neural network (1)
- Neuromodulatorisches Netzwerk (1)
- Neuromodulatory network (1)
- Neurostimulation (1)
- Nuclear modification factor (1)
- Oncology (1)
- Organ allocation (1)
- Oxidative phosphorylation (1)
- PCR (1)
- PD-L1 (1)
- PYTHIA (1)
- Pancreas transplantation (1)
- Particle and Resonance Production (1)
- Pb–Pb (1)
- Peritoneal macrophages (1)
- Physiology (1)
- Production Cross Section (1)
- Professions (1)
- Properties of Hadrons (1)
- Proton–proton (1)
- Psychiatric disorders (1)
- Psychiatry (1)
- Pulmonary embolism (1)
- Pulmonary hypertension (1)
- Quark Deconfinement (1)
- Quark Gluon Plasma (1)
- Quark Production (1)
- Quark gluon plasma (1)
- Quarkonium (1)
- RNA extraction (1)
- RNA isolation (1)
- RNA sequencing (1)
- RNA therapeutics (1)
- RNA/MicroRNA (1)
- ROS (1)
- Rapidity Range (1)
- Receptors/Nuclear (1)
- Rejection (1)
- Relativistic heavy ion physics (1)
- Relativistic heavy-ion collisions (1)
- Resolution Parameter (1)
- S1PR1 (1)
- S1PR4 (1)
- SARS-CoV-2 (1)
- SLC7A11 (1)
- STAT1 (1)
- Seasonal variation (1)
- Seattle heart failure model (1)
- Seribantumab (1)
- Single muons (1)
- Solar insolation (1)
- Suicide (1)
- Sunlight (1)
- Surgeons (1)
- Surgical and invasive medical procedures (1)
- Systematic Uncertainty (1)
- T-DM1 (1)
- TAPSE (1)
- TR (1)
- Time Projection Chamber (1)
- Tracking (1)
- Transition radiation detector (1)
- Transverse momentum (1)
- Trigger (1)
- Troponin (1)
- Undergraduates (1)
- Vector Boson Production (1)
- Wirkmechanismus (1)
- Xenon-based gas mixture (1)
- Zymosan-induced peritonitis (1)
- acute inflammation (1)
- advanced breast cancer (1)
- aerosol formation (1)
- aerosols (1)
- alcoholic hepatitis (1)
- antihormone therapy (1)
- antioxidants (1)
- arachidonate 12/15-lipoxygenase (Alox12/15) (1)
- area expansion (1)
- breast cancer (1)
- breast tumor (1)
- cancer metastases (1)
- cancer-associated fibroblasts (1)
- costimulation (1)
- cytokine (1)
- cytokine, angiogenesis (1)
- cytotoxic T cells (1)
- cytotoxic lymphocytes (1)
- cytotoxicity (1)
- dE/dx (1)
- detector (1)
- diabetic nephropathy (1)
- diagnostic test (1)
- drug discovery (1)
- efferocytosis (1)
- electrophiles (1)
- endothelial cell (1)
- envenomation (1)
- epigenetic (1)
- erastin (1)
- experimental results (1)
- extracellular signal-regulated kinase (1)
- fatty acid (1)
- ferroportin (1)
- ferroptosis (1)
- flow cytometry (1)
- gene expression (1)
- gene signature (1)
- head-and-neck cancer (1)
- heavy ion experiments (1)
- hierarchical clustering (1)
- hypoxia (1)
- immune checkpoint (1)
- immunity (1)
- immunotherapy (1)
- infection (1)
- invasive species (1)
- inflammation (1)
- iron-trafficking (1)
- lapatinib (1)
- lipids (1)
- lipoproteins (1)
- lipoxin A4 (1)
- liver (1)
- liver X receptor (1)
- lung tumor heterogeneity (1)
- lymphangiogenesis (1)
- mammary cancer (1)
- mammary carcinoma (1)
- mast cells (1)
- metabolism (1)
- metastasis (1)
- metastatic (1)
- miR (1)
- microenvironment (1)
- migration (1)
- multispectral flow cytometry (1)
- nanoparticle growth (1)
- natural killer T cells (1)
- nuclear factor 2 (erythroid-derived 2-like factor) (NFE2L2) (Nrf2) (1)
- oxidative stress (1)
- oxidized low density lipoprotein (1)
- p-eIF2α (1)
- pain (1)
- peritoneal macrophages (1)
- peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (1)
- pertuzumab (1)
- polarization (1)
- polyunsaturated fatty acid (1)
- proliferation (1)
- prostaglandins (1)
- protein-protein interaction (1)
- proteomics (1)
- quark gluon plasma (1)
- renal cell carcinoma (1)
- resolution (1)
- resolution of inflammation (1)
- signal transduction (1)
- specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) (1)
- spectra (1)
- spider hysteria (1)
- toll-like receptor (1)
- transcription factor (1)
- transcriptional profiling (1)
- transcriptome (1)
- trastuzumab (1)
- tumor progression (1)
- tumor stroma (1)
- tumor-associated macrophages (1)
- tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) (1)
- volatile organic compounds (1)
- yellow sac spiders (1)
- √sN N = 2.76 TeV (1)
Institute
- Physik (1053)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (955)
- Informatik (921)
- Medizin (72)
- Sonderforschungsbereiche / Forschungskollegs (20)
- Biochemie und Chemie (7)
- Geowissenschaften (4)
- Geowissenschaften / Geographie (3)
- Informatik und Mathematik (3)
- Zentrum für Arzneimittelforschung, Entwicklung und Sicherheit (ZAFES) (3)
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment contribute to all stages of tumorigenesis and are usually considered to be tumor-promoting cells. CAFs show a remarkable degree of heterogeneity, which is attributed to developmental origin or to local environmental niches, resulting in distinct CAF subsets within individual tumors. While CAF heterogeneity is frequently investigated in late-stage tumors, data on longitudinal CAF development in tumors are lacking. To this end, we used the transgenic polyoma middle T oncogene-induced mouse mammary carcinoma model and performed whole transcriptome analysis in FACS-sorted fibroblasts from early- and late-stage tumors. We observed a shift in fibroblast populations over time towards a subset previously shown to negatively correlate with patient survival, which was confirmed by multispectral immunofluorescence analysis. Moreover, we identified a transcriptomic signature distinguishing CAFs from early- and late-stage tumors. Importantly, the signature of early-stage CAFs correlated well with tumor stage and survival in human mammary carcinoma patients. A random forest analysis suggested predictive value of the complete set of differentially expressed genes between early- and late-stage CAFs on bulk tumor patient samples, supporting the clinical relevance of our findings. In conclusion, our data show transcriptome alterations in CAFs during tumorigenesis in the mammary gland, which suggest that CAFs are educated by the tumor over time to promote tumor development. Moreover, we show that murine CAF gene signatures can harbor predictive value for human cancer.
Despite the success of immune checkpoint blockade in cancer, the number of patients that benefit from this revolutionary treatment option remains low. Therefore, efforts are being undertaken to sensitize tumors for immune checkpoint blockade, which includes combining immune checkpoint blocking agents such as anti-PD-1 antibodies with standard of care treatments. Here we report that a combination of chemotherapy (doxorubicin) and immune checkpoint blockade (anti-PD-1 antibodies) induces superior tumor control compared to chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade alone in the murine autochthonous polyoma middle T oncogene-driven (PyMT) mammary tumor model. Using whole transcriptome analysis, we identified a set of genes that were upregulated specifically upon chemoimmunotherapy. This gene signature and, more specifically, a condensed four-gene signature predicted favorable survival of human mammary carcinoma patients in the METABRIC cohort. Moreover, PyMT tumors treated with chemoimmunotherapy contained higher levels of cytotoxic lymphocytes, particularly natural killer cells (NK cells). Gene set enrichment analysis and bead-based ELISA measurements revealed increased IL-27 production and signaling in PyMT tumors upon chemoimmunotherapy. Moreover, IL-27 signaling improved NK cell cytotoxicity against PyMT cells in vitro. Taken together, our data support recent clinical observations indicating a benefit of chemoimmunotherapy compared to monotherapy in breast cancer and suggest potential underlying mechanisms.
As a surrogate of live cells, proteo-lipobeads are presented, encapsulating functional membrane proteins in a strict orientation into a lipid bilayer. Assays can be performed just as on live cells, for example using fluorescence measurements. As a proof of concept, we have demonstrated proton transport through cytochrome c oxidase.
Die vegetationskundlichen und faunistischen Untersuchungen, die eine Grundlage zur Erarbeitung eines Pflege- und Entwicklungskonzeptes für das einstweilig gesicherte Naturschutzgebiet (NSG) "Harzer Bachtäler" bilden sollen, wurden im Rahmen einer studentischen Projektarbeit am Institut für Landschaftspflege und Naturschutz, Fachbereich Landschaftsarchitektur und Umweltentwicklung, der Universität Hannover durchgeführt. Die folgenden Ausführungen sind ein Auszug aus dieser Arbeit (Fleischer et al. 1994). Für ein 135 ha großes Untersuchungsgebiet, das Teil des einstweilig gesicherten NSG ist, wurden mit Genehmigung des Dezernates Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege des Regierungspräsidiums Magdeburg Arten und Lebensgemeinschaften beschrieben, die Lebensraumqualität beurteilt sowie Vorschläge zur Entwicklung und Pflege unterbreitet. Das Untersuchungsgebiet umfasst die zumeist waldfreien Täler der Rappbode, des Dammbaches, des Schieferbaches, des Giepenbaches sowie das Grüntal südlich von Trautenstein. Von April bis August 1993 wurden eine Biotoptypenkartierung durchgeführt sowie ausgewählte Tiergruppen, vor allem Heuschrecken, Tagfalter und Libellen, erfasst.
This guideline of the German Dermatology Society primarily focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous manifestations of Lyme borreliosis. It has received consensus from 22 German medical societies and 2 German patient organisations. It is the first part of an AWMF (Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften e.V.) interdisciplinary guideline: "Lyme Borreliosis – Diagnosis and Treatment, development stage S3".
The guideline is directed at physicians in private practices and clinics who treat Lyme borreliosis. Objectives of this guideline are recommendations for confirming a clinical diagnosis, recommendations for a stage-related laboratory diagnosis (serological detection of IgM and IgG Borrelia antibodies using the 2-tiered ELISA/immunoblot process, sensible use of molecular diagnostic and culture procedures) and recommendations for the treatment of the localised, early-stage infection (erythema migrans, erythema chronicum migrans, and borrelial lymphocytoma), the disseminated early-stage infection (multiple erythemata migrantia, flu-like symptoms) and treatment of the late-stage infection (acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans with and without neurological manifestations). In addition, an information sheet for patients containing recommendations for the prevention of Lyme borreliosis is attached to the guideline.
Elliptic flow from nuclear collisions is a hadronic observable sensitive to the early stages of system evolution. We report first results on elliptic flow of charged particles at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=130 GeV using the STAR TPC at RHIC. The elliptic flow signal, v_2, averaged over transverse momentum, reaches values of about 6% for relatively peripheral collisions and decreases for the more central collisions. This can be interpreted as the observation of a higher degree of thermalization than at lower collision energies. Pseudorapidity and transverse momentum dependence of elliptic flow are also presented.
The teaching of professional roles in medical education is an interdisciplinary concern. However, surgeons require specific standards of professionalism for certain context-based situations. In addition to communication, studies require collaboration, leadership, error-/conflict-management, patient-safety and decision-making as essential competencies for surgeons. Standards for corresponding competencies are defined in special chapters of the German National Competency-based Learning Objectives for Undergraduate Medical Education (NKLM; chapter 8, 10). The current study asks whether these chapters are adequately taught in surgical curricula. Eight German faculties contributed to analysing mapping data considering surgical courses of undergraduate programs. All faculties used the MERlin mapping platform and agreed on procedures for data collection and processing. Sub-competency and objective coverage, as well as the achievement of the competency level were mapped. Overall counts of explicit citations were used for analysis. Collaboration within the medical team is a strongly represented topic. In contrast, interprofessional cooperation, particularly in healthcare sector issues is less represented. Patient safety and dealing with errors and complications is most emphasized for the Manager/Leader, while time management, career planning and leadership are not addressed. Overall, the involvement of surgery in teaching the competencies of the Collaborator and Manager/Leader is currently low. However, there are indications of a curricular development towards explicit teaching of these roles in surgery. Moreover, implicitly taught roles are numerous, which indicates a beginning awareness of professional roles.
Macrophages constitute a major part of the tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Within the tumor microenvironment, they acquire an alternatively activated, tumor-supporting phenotype. Factors released by tumor cells are crucial for the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages. In the present project, we aimed to understand the role of hsa-miR-200c-3p (miR-200c) in the interplay between tumor cells and macrophages. To this end, we employed a coculture system of MCF7 breast tumor cells and primary human macrophages and observed the transfer of miR-200c from apoptotic tumor cells to macrophages, which required intact CD36 receptor in macrophages. We further comprehensively determined miR-200c targets in macrophages by mRNA-sequencing and identified numerous migration-associated mRNAs to be downregulated by miR-200c. Consequently, miR-200c attenuated macrophage infiltration into 3-dimensional tumor spheroids. miR-200c-mediated reduction in infiltration further correlated with a miR-200c migration signature comprised of the four miR-200c-repressed, predicted targets PPM1F, RAB11FIB2, RDX, and MSN.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a pleiotropic, Th17-derived cytokine thought to critically contribute to the pathogenesis of diverse autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Treatment with monoclonal antibodies that block GM-CSF activity is associated with favorable therapeutic effects in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We evaluated the role of GM-CSF as a potential target for therapeutic interference in psoriasis using a combined pharmacologic and genetic approach and the mouse model of imiquimod-induced psoriasiform dermatitis (IMQPD). Neutralization of murine GM-CSF by an anti-GM-CSF antibody ameliorated IMQPD. In contrast, genetic deficiency in GM-CSF did not alter the course of IMQPD, suggesting the existence of mechanisms compensating for chronic, but not acute, absence of GM-CSF. Further investigation uncovered an alternative pathogenic pathway for IMQPD in the absence of GM-CSF characterized by an expanded plasmacytoid dendritic cell population and release of IFNα and IL-22. This pathway was not activated in wild-type mice during short-term anti-GM-CSF treatment. Our investigations support the potential value of GM-CSF as a therapeutic target in psoriatic disease. The discovery of an alternative pathogenic pathway for psoriasiform dermatitis in the permanent absence of GM-CSF, however, suggests the need for monitoring during therapeutic use of long-term GM-CSF blockade.
5-Lipoxygenase contributes to PPAR [gamma] activation in macrophages in response to apoptotic cells
(2012)
Background: One hallmark contributing to immune suppression during the late phase of sepsis is macrophage polarization to an anti-inflammatory phenotype upon contact with apoptotic cells (AC). Taking the important role of the nuclear receptor PPARγ for this phenotype switch into consideration, it remains elusive how AC activate PPARγ in macrophages. Therefore, we were interested to characterize the underlying principle.
Methods: Apoptosis was induced by treatment of Jurkat T cells for 3 hours with 0.5 μg/ml staurosporine. Necrotic cells (NC) were prepared by heating cells for 20 minutes to 65°C. PPARγ activation was followed by stably transducing RAW264.7 macrophages with a vector encoding the red fluorescent protein mRuby after PPARγ binding to 4 × PPRE sites downstream of the reporter gene sequence. This readout was established by treatment with the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone (1 μM) and AC (5:1). Twenty-four hours after stimulation, mRuby expression was analysed by fluorescence microscopy. Lipid rafts of AC, NC, as well as living cells (LC) were enriched by sucrose gradient centrifugation. Fractions were analysed for lipid raft-associated marker proteins. Lipid rafts were incubated with transduced RAW264.7 macrophages as described above. 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) involvement was verified by pharmacological inhibition (MK-866, 1 μM) and overexpression.
Results: Assuming that the molecule responsible for PPARγ activation in macrophages is localized in the cell membrane of AC, most probably associated to lipid rafts, we isolated lipid rafts from AC, NC and LC. Mass spectrometric analysis of lipid rafts of AC showed the expression of 5-LO, whereas lipid rafts of LC did not. Moreover, incubating macrophages with lipid rafts of AC induced mRuby expression. In contrast, lipid rafts of NC and LC did not. To verify the involvement of 5-LO in activating PPARγ in macrophages, Jurkat T cells were incubated for 30 minutes with the 5-LO inhibitor MK-866 (1 μM) before apoptosis induction. In line with our hypothesis, these AC did not induce mRuby expression. Finally, although living Jurkat T cells overexpressing 5-LO did not activate PPARγ in macrophages, mRuby expression was significantly increased when AC were generated from 5-LO overexpressing compared with wild-type Jurkat cells.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that induction of apoptosis activates 5-LO, localizing to lipid rafts, necessary for PPARγ activation in macrophages. Therefore, it will be challenging to determine whether 5-LO activity in AC, generated from other cell types, correlates with PPARγ activation, contributing to an immune-suppressed phenotype in macrophages.