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Aboona, Bassam ; Adam, Jaroslav ; Adams, Joseph R. ; Agakishiev, Geydar ; Aggarwal, Ishu ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Aitbaev, A. ; Alekseev, Igor G. ; Anderson, Derek M. ; Aparin, Alexey ; Atchison, J. ; Averichev, Georgy S. ; Bairathi, Vipul ; Baker, W. ; Ball Cap, Jonathan Gonzalo ; Barish, Kenneth ; Bhagat, Pratibha ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bhatta, Somadutta ; Bordyuzhin, Igor G. ; Brandenburg, James D. ; Brandin, Andrei V. ; Cai, Xiang-Zhou ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, Manuel ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Češka, Jakub ; Chakaberia, Irakli ; Chan, B. K. ; Chang, Z. ; Chen, D. ; Chen, J. ; Chen, J. H. ; Chen, Z. ; Cheng, J. ; Cheng, Y. ; Choudhury, Subikash ; Christie, William ; Chu, Xiaoxuan ; Crawford, Henry J. ; Csanád, Máté ; Dale-Gau, Gabriel ; Das, A. ; Daugherity, M. ; Dedovich, T. G. ; Deppner, Ingo Martin ; Derevschikov, Anatoly A. ; Dhamija, A. ; Di Carlo, L. ; Didenko, Lidia ; Dixit, Prabhupada ; Dong, X. ; Drachenberg, James Lucus ; Duckworth, Emilie ; Dunlop, James C. ; Engelage, Jon M. ; Eppley, Geary Wareham ; Esumi, ShinIchi ; Evdokimov, Olga Y. ; Ewigleben, A. ; Eyser, Kjeld Oleg ; Fatemi, Renee H. ; Fazio, Salvatore ; Feng, C. J. ; Feng, Yicheng ; Finch, Evan ; Fisyak, Yuri V. ; Flor, Fernando Antonio ; Fu, C. ; Geurts, Frank ; Ghimire, Navagyan ; Gibson, Adam ; Gopal, Krishan ; Gou, X. ; Grosnick, David P. ; Gupta, Anik ; Hamed, Ahmed M. ; Han, Y. ; Harasty, Matthew D. ; Harris, John W. ; Harrison, Hannah ; He, W. ; He, Xionghong ; He, Y. ; Hu, C. ; Hu, Q. ; Hu, Y. ; Huang, H. ; Huang, Huan Zhong ; Huang, Shengli ; Huang, T. ; Huang, X. ; Huang, Y. ; Huang, Y. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Isenhower, D. ; Isshiki, M. ; Jacobs, William W. ; Jalotra, Ashish ; Jena, Chitrasen ; Ji, Yuanjing ; Jia, Jiangyong ; Jin, C. ; Ju, Xin-Yue ; Judd, Eleanor G. ; Kabana, Sonia ; Kabir, M. L. ; Kalinkin, Dmitry ; Kang, K. ; Kapukchyan, David ; Kauder, Kolja ; Ke, Hongwei ; Keane, Declan ; Kechechyan, Armen ; Kelsey, Matthew ; Kimelman, B. ; Kincses, D. ; Kiselev, A. ; Knospe, Anders Garritt ; Ko, H. S. ; Kočenda, L. M. ; Korobitsin, A. A. ; Kravtsov, Peter ; Kumar, Lokesh ; Kumar, Shyam ; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Raghav ; Lacey, Roy Alphanso ; Landgraf, Jeffery M. ; Lebedev, Alexei ; Lednicky, Richard ; Lee, J. H. ; Leung, Yue Hang ; Lewis, N. ; Li, C. ; Li, C. ; Li, W. ; Li, X. ; Li, Y. ; Li, Y. ; Li, Z. ; Liang, X. ; Liang, Y. ; Lin, T. ; Liu, C. ; Liu, F. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, L. ; Liu, T. ; Liu, X. ; Liu, Y. ; Liu, Z. ; Ljubicic, Tonko A. ; Llope, William Joseph ; Lomicky, O. ; Longacre, Ronald S. ; Loyd, E. ; Lu, T. ; Lukow, N. S. ; Luo, X. F. ; Luong, V. B. ; Ma, L. ; Ma, R. ; Ma, Yu-Gang ; Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, Niseem ; Mallick, Dukhishyam ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Matis, Howard S. ; Mazer, Joel Anthony ; McNamara, Grant ; Mi, K. ; Minaev, Nikolai G. ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Mooney, Isaac A. ; Morozov, Dmitry A. ; Mudrokh, A. ; Mukherjee, A. ; Nagy, M. I. ; Nain, A. S. ; Nam, J. D. ; Nasim, Md. ; Neff, D. ; Nelson, John M. ; Nemes, Daniel B. ; Nie, M. ; Nigmatkulov, Grigory A. ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nishitani, R. ; Nogach, Larisa V. ; Nonaka, Toshihiro ; Nunes, A. S. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Ogawa, Akio ; Oh, Saehanseul ; Okorokov, Vitaly A. ; Okubo, K. ; Page, Brian S. ; Pak, Robert ; Pan, Jinjin ; Pandav, Ashish ; Pandey, Ashutosh Kumar ; Panebratsev, Yuri ; Pani, Tanmay ; Parfenov, P. ; Paul, A. ; Perkins, Chris ; Pokhrel, B. R. ; Posik, Matthew ; Protzman, Tristan ; Pruthi, Navneet Kumar ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Qin, Z. ; Qiu, H. ; Quintero, Amilkar ; Racz, Cameron ; Radhakrishnan, Sooraj Krishnan ; Raha, N. ; Ray, Robert L. ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Robertson, C. W. ; Rogachevsky, O. V. ; Aguilar, M. A. Rosales ; Roy, D. ; Ruan, L. ; Sahoo, Aswini Kumar ; Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan ; Sako, H. ; Salur, Sevil ; Samigullin, E. ; Sato, Susumu ; Schmidke, William B. ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seger, Janet Elizabeth ; Seto, Richard ; Seyboth, Peter ; Shah, N. ; Shahaliev, Ehtiram ; Shanmuganathan, Prashanth V. ; Shao, M. ; Shao, Tianhao ; Sharma, M. ; Sharma, Natasha ; Sharma, R. ; Sharma, S. R. ; Sheikh, Ashik Ikbal ; Shen, D. Y. ; Shen, K. ; Shi, Shusu ; Shi, Y. ; Shou, Q. Y. ; Si, F. ; Singh, J. ; Singha, Subhash ; Sinha, P. ; Skoby, Michael J. ; Söhngen, Yannick ; Song, Y. ; Srivastava, B. ; Stanislaus, T. D. Shirvel ; Stewart, David J. ; Strichanov, Michail Nikolaevič ; Stringfellow, Blair ; Su, Y. ; Sun, C. ; Sun, X. ; Sun, Y. ; Sun, Y. ; Surrow, Bernd ; Svirida, Dmitry N. ; Sweger, Zachary W. ; Tamis, A. ; Tang, Aihong ; Tang, Zebo ; Taranenko, Arkadiy ; Tarnowsky, Terence J. ; Thomas, James H. ; Tlusty, David ; Todoroki, Takahito ; Tokarev, M. V. ; Tomkiel, C. A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Tribble, Robert E. ; Tribedy, Prithwish ; Tsai, Oleg D. ; Tsang, C. Y. ; Tu, Zhoudunming ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Underwood, David G. ; Upsal, Isaac ; Van Buren, Gene ; Vasiliev, Alexander Nikolaevich ; Verkest, Veronica ; Videbæk, Flemming ; Vokal, Stanislav ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Wang, F. ; Wang, G. ; Wang, J. S. ; Wang, X. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Z. ; Webb, Jason C. ; Weidenkaff, Philipp ; Westfall, Gary D. ; Wieman, Howard ; Wilks, G. ; Wissink, Scott W. ; Wu, J. ; Wu, J. ; Wu, Xiao ; Wu, Y. ; Xi, B. ; Xiao, Z. G. ; Xie, W. ; Xu, H. ; Xu, N. ; Xu, Qinghua ; Xu, Y. ; Xu, Y. ; Xu, Z. ; Xu, Z. ; Yan, G. ; Yan, Z. ; Yang, C. ; Yang, Q. ; Yang, S. ; Yang, Y. ; Ye, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Yi, L. ; Yip, K. ; Yu, Y. ; Zha, Wangmei ; Zhang, C. ; Zhang, Dingwei ; Zhang, J. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, X. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Z. J. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhao, F. ; Zhao, J. ; Zhao, M. ; Zhou, C. ; Zhou, J. ; Zhou, S. ; Zhou, Y. ; Zhu, X. ; Żurek, Maria Katarzyna ; Zyzak, Maksym
The linear and mode-coupled contributions to higher-order anisotropic flow are presented for Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 27, 39, 54.4, and 200 GeV and compared to similar measurements for Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The coefficients and the flow harmonics' correlations, which characterize the linear and mode-coupled response to the lower-order anisotropies, indicate a beam energy dependence consistent with an influence from the specific shear viscosity (η/s). In contrast, the dimensionless coefficients, mode-coupled response coefficients, and normalized symmetric cumulants are approximately beam-energy independent, consistent with a significant role from initial-state effects. These measurements could provide unique supplemental constraints to (i) distinguish between different initial-state models and (ii) delineate the temperature (T) and baryon chemical potential (μB) dependence of the specific shear viscosity ηs(T,μB).
Abdallah, Mohamed Samy ; Aboona, Bassam ; Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamczyk, Leszek ; Adams, Joseph R. ; Adkins, J. Kevin ; Agakishiev, Geydar ; Aggarwal, Ishu ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Aitbaev, A. ; Alekseev, Igor G. ; Anderson, Derek M. ; Aparin, Alexey ; Aschenauer, Elke Caroline ; Ashraf, Muhammad Usman ; Atetalla, F. G. ; Averichev, Georgy S. ; Bairathi, Vipul ; Baker, W. ; Ball Cap, Jonathan Gonzalo ; Barish, Kenneth ; Behera, Arabinda ; Bellwied, Rene ; Bhagat, Pratibha ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bielčík, Jaroslav ; Bielčíková, Jana ; Bordyuzhin, Igor G. ; Brandenburg, James D. ; Brandin, Andrei V. ; Cai, Xiang-Zhou ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, Manuel ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Chakaberia, Irakli ; Chaloupka, Petr ; Chan, B. K. ; Chang, F-H. ; Chang, Z. ; Chatterjee, A. ; Chattopadhyay, S. ; Chen, D. ; Chen, J. ; Chen, J. H. ; Chen, X. ; Chen, Z. ; Cheng, J. ; Choudhury, Subikash ; Christie, William ; Chu, Xiaoxuan ; Crawford, Henry J. ; Csanád, Máté ; Daugherity, M. ; Dedovich, T. G. ; Deppner, Ingo Martin ; Derevschikov, Anatoly A. ; Dhamija, A. ; Di Carlo, L. ; Didenko, Lidia ; Dixit, Prabhupada ; Dong, X. ; Drachenberg, James Lucus ; Duckworth, Emilie ; Dunlop, James C. ; Engelage, Jon M. ; Eppley, Geary Wareham ; Esumi, ShinIchi ; Evdokimov, Olga Y. ; Ewigleben, A. ; Eyser, Kjeld Oleg ; Fatemi, Renee H. ; Fawzi, F. M. ; Fazio, Salvatore ; Feng, C. J. ; Feng, Yicheng ; Finch, Evan ; Fisyak, Yuri V. ; Francisco, Audrey ; Fu, C. ; Gagliardi, Carl A. ; Galatyuk, Tetyana ; Geurts, Frank ; Ghimire, Navagyan ; Gibson, Adam ; Gopal, Krishan ; Gou, X. ; Grosnick, David P. ; Gupta, Anik ; Guryn, Włodzimierz ; Hamed, Ahmed M. ; Han, Y. ; Harabasz, Szymon ; Harasty, Matthew D. ; Harris, John W. ; Harrison, Hannah ; He, S. ; He, W. ; He, Xionghong ; He, Y. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Herrmann, Norbert ; Hoffman, E. ; Holub, Lukáš ; Hu, C. ; Hu, Q. ; Hu, Y. ; Huang, H. ; Huang, Huan Zhong ; Huang, Shengli ; Huang, T. ; Huang, X. ; Huang, Y. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Isenhower, D. ; Isshiki, M. ; Jacobs, William W. ; Jena, Chitrasen ; Jentsch, Alexander ; Ji, Yuanjing ; Jia, Jiangyong ; Jiang, K. ; Ju, Xin-Yue ; Judd, Eleanor G. ; Kabana, Sonia ; Kabir, M. L. ; Kagamaster, Skipper ; Kalinkin, Dmitry ; Kang, K. ; Kapukchyan, David ; Kauder, Kolja ; Ke, Hongwei ; Keane, Declan ; Kechechyan, Armen ; Kelsey, Matthew ; Kikoła, Daniel P. ; Kimelman, B. ; Kincses, D. ; Kisel, Ivan ; Kiselev, A. ; Knospe, Anders Garritt ; Ko, H. S. ; Kočenda, L. M. ; Korobitsin, A. ; Kosarzewski, Leszek Krzysztof ; Kramarik, L. ; Kravtsov, Peter ; Kumar, Lokesh ; Kumar, Shyam ; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Raghav ; Kwasizur, Joseph H. ; Lacey, Roy Alphanso ; Lan, Shaowei ; Landgraf, Jeffery M. ; Lauret, Jerome ; Lebedev, Alexei ; Lednicky, Richard ; Lee, J. H. ; Leung, Yue Hang ; Lewis, N. ; Li, C. ; Li, C. ; Li, W. ; Li, X. ; Li, Y. ; Liang, X. ; Liang, Y. ; Licenik, Robert ; Lin, T. ; Lin, Y. ; Lisa, Michael A. ; Liu, F. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, P. ; Liu, T. ; Liu, X. ; Liu, Y. ; Liu, Z. ; Ljubicic, Tonko A. ; Llope, William Joseph ; Longacre, Ronald S. ; Loyd, E. ; Lu, T. ; Lukow, N. S. ; Luo, X. F. ; Ma, L. ; Ma, R. ; Ma, Yu-Gang ; Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, Niseem ; Mallick, Dukhishyam ; Manukhov, S. L. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Matis, Howard S. ; Mazer, Joel Anthony ; Minaev, Nikolai G. ; Mioduszewski, Saskia ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Mouli, Mriganka Mouli ; Mooney, Isaac A. ; Morozov, Dmitry A. ; Mukherjee, A. ; Nagy, M. ; Nam, J. D. ; Nasim, Md. ; Nayak, Kishora ; Neff, D. ; Nelson, John M. ; Nemes, Daniel B. ; Nie, M. ; Nigmatkulov, Grigory A. ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nishitani, R. ; Nogach, Larisa V. ; Nonaka, Toshihiro ; Nunes, A. S. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Ogawa, Akio ; Oh, Saehanseul ; Okorokov, Vitaly A. ; Okubo, K. ; Page, Brian S. ; Pak, Robert ; Pan, Jinjin ; Pandav, Ashish ; Pandey, Ashutosh Kumar ; Panebratsev, Yuri ; Parfenov, P. ; Paul, A. ; Pawlik, Bogdan ; Pawłowska, Diana ; Perkins, Chris ; Pluta, Jan Marian ; Pokhrel, B. R. ; Porter, Jeffrey Brent ; Posik, Matthew ; Prozorova, V. ; Pruthi, Navneet Kumar ; Przybycien, Mariusz ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Qiu, H. ; Quintero, Amilkar ; Racz, Cameron ; Radhakrishnan, Sooraj Krishnan ; Raha, N. ; Ray, Robert L. ; Reed, Rosi Jan ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Robotkova, Monika ; Romero, Juan L. ; Roy, D. ; Ruan, L. ; Sahoo, Aswini Kumar ; Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan ; Sako, H. ; Salur, Sevil ; Samigullin, E. ; Sandweiss, Jack H. ; Sato, Susumu ; Schmidke, William B. ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schweid, Benjamin R. ; Seck, Florian ; Seger, Janet Elizabeth ; Seto, Richard ; Seyboth, Peter ; Shah, N. ; Shahaliev, Ehtiram ; Shanmuganathan, Prashanth V. ; Shao, M. ; Shao, Tianhao ; Sharma, R. ; Sheikh, Ashik Ikbal ; Shen, D. Y. ; Shi, Shusu ; Shi, Y. ; Shou, Q. Y. ; Sichtermann, Ernst P. ; Sikora, Rafał ; Singh, J. ; Singha, Subhash ; Sinha, P. ; Skoby, Michael J. ; Smirnov, Nikolai ; Söhngen, Yannick ; Solyst, William ; Song, Y. ; Spinka, Harold. M. ; Srivastava, B. ; Stanislaus, T. D. Shirvel ; Stefaniak, Maria ; Stewart, David J. ; Strichanov, Michail Nikolaevič ; Stringfellow, Blair ; Suaide, Alexandre Alarcon do Passo ; Šumbera, Michal ; Sun, X. M. ; Sun, Xu ; Sun, Y. ; Sun, Y. ; Surrow, Bernd ; Svirida, Dmitry N. ; Sweger, Zachary W. ; Szymański, Paweł ; Tang, Aihong ; Tang, Zebo ; Taranenko, Arkadiy ; Tarnowsky, Terence J. ; Thomas, James H. ; Timmins, Anthony Robert ; Tlusty, David ; Todoroki, Takahito ; Tokarev, Mikhail V. ; Tomkiel, C. A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Tribble, Robert E. ; Tribedy, Prithwish ; Tripathy, Srikanta Kumar ; Truhlar, Tomas ; Trzeciak, Barbara Antonina ; Tsai, Oleg D. ; Tu, Zhoudunming ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Underwood, David G. ; Upsal, Isaac ; Van Buren, Gene ; Vanek, Jan ; Vasiliev, Alexander Nikolaevich ; Vassiliev, Iouri ; Verkest, Veronica ; Videbæk, Flemming ; Vokal, Stanislav ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Wang, F. ; Wang, G. ; Wang, J. S. ; Wang, P. ; Wang, X. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Z. ; Webb, Jason C. ; Weidenkaff, Philipp ; Westfall, Gary D. ; Wieman, Howard ; Wissink, Scott W. ; Witt, Richard ; Wu, J. ; Wu, J. ; Wu, Y. ; Xi, B. ; Xiao, Z. G. ; Xie, Guannan ; Xie, W. ; Xu, H. ; Xu, N. ; Xu, Qinghua ; Xu, Y. ; Xu, Z. ; Xu, Z. ; Yan, G. ; Yang, C. ; Yang, Q. ; Yang, S. ; Yang, Y. ; Ye, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Yi, L. ; Yip, K. ; Yu, Y. ; Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina ; Zha, Wangmei ; Zhang, C. ; Zhang, Dingwei ; Zhang, J. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Z. J. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhao, F. ; Zhao, J. ; Zhao, M. ; Zhou, C. ; Zhou, Y. ; Zhu, X. ; Żurek, Maria Katarzyna ; Zyzak, Maksym
Notwithstanding decades of progress since Yukawa first developed a description of the force between nucleons in terms of meson exchange, a full understanding of the strong interaction remains a major challenge in modern science. One remaining difficulty arises from the non-perturbative nature of the strong force, which leads to the phenomenon of quark confinement at distances on the order of the size of the proton. Here we show that in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, where quarks and gluons are set free over an extended volume, two species of produced vector (spin-1) mesons, namely ϕ and K∗0, emerge with a surprising pattern of global spin alignment. In particular, the global spin alignment for ϕ is unexpectedly large, while that for K∗0 is consistent with zero. The observed spin-alignment pattern and magnitude for the ϕ cannot be explained by conventional mechanisms, while a model with a connection to strong force fields, i.e. an effective proxy description within the Standard Model and Quantum Chromodynamics, accommodates the current data. This connection, if fully established, will open a potential new avenue for studying the behaviour of strong force fields.
Abdallah, Mohamed Samy ; Aboona, Bassam ; Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamczyk, Leszek ; Adams, Joseph R. ; Adkins, J. Kevin ; Agakishiev, Geydar ; Aggarwal, Ishu ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Aitbaev, A. ; Alekseev, Igor G. ; Anderson, Derek M. ; Aparin, Alexey ; Aschenauer, Elke Caroline ; Ashraf, Muhammad Usman ; Atetalla, F. G. ; Averichev, Georgy S. ; Bairathi, Vipul ; Baker, W. ; Ball Cap, Jonathan Gonzalo ; Barish, Kenneth ; Behera, Arabinda ; Bellwied, Rene ; Bhagat, Pratibha ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bielčík, Jaroslav ; Bielčíková, Jana ; Bordyuzhin, Igor G. ; Brandenburg, James D. ; Brandin, Andrei V. ; Cai, Xiang-Zhou ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, Manuel ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Chakaberia, Irakli ; Chaloupka, Petr ; Chan, B. K. ; Chang, F-H. ; Chang, Z. ; Chatterjee, A. ; Chattopadhyay, S. ; Chen, D. ; Chen, J. ; Chen, J. H. ; Chen, X. ; Chen, Z. ; Cheng, J. ; Choudhury, Subikash ; Christie, William ; Chu, Xiaoxuan ; Crawford, Henry J. ; Csanád, Máté ; Daugherity, M. ; Dedovich, T. G. ; Deppner, Ingo Martin ; Derevschikov, Anatoly A. ; Dhamija, A. ; Di Carlo, L. ; Didenko, Lidia ; Dixit, Prabhupada ; Dong, X. ; Drachenberg, James Lucus ; Duckworth, Emilie ; Dunlop, James C. ; Engelage, Jon M. ; Eppley, Geary Wareham ; Esumi, ShinIchi ; Evdokimov, Olga Y. ; Ewigleben, A. ; Eyser, Kjeld Oleg ; Fatemi, Renee H. ; Fawzi, F. M. ; Fazio, Salvatore ; Feng, C. J. ; Feng, Yicheng ; Finch, Evan ; Fisyak, Yuri V. ; Francisco, Audrey ; Fu, C. ; Gagliardi, Carl A. ; Galatyuk, Tetyana ; Geurts, Frank ; Ghimire, Navagyan ; Gibson, Adam ; Gopal, Krishan ; Gou, X. ; Grosnick, David P. ; Gupta, Anik ; Guryn, Włodzimierz ; Hamed, Ahmed M. ; Han, Y. ; Harabasz, Szymon ; Harasty, Matthew D. ; Harris, John W. ; Harrison, Hannah ; He, S. ; He, W. ; He, Xionghong ; He, Y. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Herrmann, Norbert ; Hoffman, E. ; Holub, Lukáš ; Hu, C. ; Hu, Q. ; Hu, Y. ; Huang, H. ; Huang, Huan Zhong ; Huang, Shengli ; Huang, T. ; Huang, X. ; Huang, Y. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Isenhower, D. ; Isshiki, M. ; Jacobs, William W. ; Jena, Chitrasen ; Jentsch, Alexander ; Ji, Yuanjing ; Jia, Jiangyong ; Jiang, K. ; Ju, Xin-Yue ; Judd, Eleanor G. ; Kabana, Sonia ; Kabir, M. L. ; Kagamaster, Skipper ; Kalinkin, Dmitry ; Kang, K. ; Kapukchyan, David ; Kauder, Kolja ; Ke, Hongwei ; Keane, Declan ; Kechechyan, Armen ; Kelsey, Matthew ; Kikoła, Daniel P. ; Kimelman, B. ; Kincses, D. ; Kisel, Ivan ; Kiselev, A. ; Knospe, Anders Garritt ; Ko, H. S. ; Kočenda, L. M. ; Korobitsin, A. ; Kosarzewski, Leszek Krzysztof ; Kramarik, L. ; Kravtsov, Peter ; Kumar, Lokesh ; Kumar, Shyam ; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Raghav ; Kwasizur, Joseph H. ; Lacey, Roy Alphanso ; Lan, Shaowei ; Landgraf, Jeffery M. ; Lauret, Jerome ; Lebedev, Alexei ; Lednicky, Richard ; Lee, J. H. ; Leung, Yue Hang ; Lewis, N. ; Li, C. ; Li, C. ; Li, W. ; Li, X. ; Li, Y. ; Liang, X. ; Liang, Y. ; Licenik, Robert ; Lin, T. ; Lin, Y. ; Lisa, Michael A. ; Liu, F. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, P. ; Liu, T. ; Liu, X. ; Liu, Y. ; Liu, Z. ; Ljubicic, Tonko A. ; Llope, William Joseph ; Longacre, Ronald S. ; Loyd, E. ; Lu, T. ; Lukow, N. S. ; Luo, X. F. ; Ma, L. ; Ma, R. ; Ma, Yu-Gang ; Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, Niseem ; Mallick, Dukhishyam ; Manukhov, S. L. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Matis, Howard S. ; Mazer, Joel Anthony ; Minaev, Nikolai G. ; Mioduszewski, Saskia ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Mouli, Mriganka Mouli ; Mooney, Isaac A. ; Morozov, Dmitry A. ; Mukherjee, A. ; Nagy, M. ; Nam, J. D. ; Nasim, Md. ; Nayak, Kishora ; Neff, D. ; Nelson, John M. ; Nemes, Daniel B. ; Nie, M. ; Nigmatkulov, Grigory A. ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nishitani, R. ; Nogach, Larisa V. ; Nonaka, Toshihiro ; Nunes, A. S. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Ogawa, Akio ; Oh, Saehanseul ; Okorokov, Vitaly A. ; Okubo, K. ; Page, Brian S. ; Pak, Robert ; Pan, Jinjin ; Pandav, Ashish ; Pandey, Ashutosh Kumar ; Panebratsev, Yuri ; Parfenov, P. ; Paul, A. ; Pawlik, Bogdan ; Pawłowska, Diana ; Perkins, Chris ; Pluta, Jan Marian ; Pokhrel, B. R. ; Porter, Jeffrey Brent ; Posik, Matthew ; Prozorova, V. ; Pruthi, Navneet Kumar ; Przybycien, Mariusz ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Qiu, H. ; Quintero, Amilkar ; Racz, Cameron ; Radhakrishnan, Sooraj Krishnan ; Raha, N. ; Ray, Robert L. ; Reed, Rosi Jan ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Robotkova, Monika ; Romero, Juan L. ; Roy, D. ; Ruan, L. ; Sahoo, Aswini Kumar ; Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan ; Sako, H. ; Salur, Sevil ; Samigullin, E. ; Sandweiss, Jack H. ; Sato, Susumu ; Schmidke, William B. ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schweid, Benjamin R. ; Seck, Florian ; Seger, Janet Elizabeth ; Seto, Richard ; Seyboth, Peter ; Shah, N. ; Shahaliev, Ehtiram ; Shanmuganathan, Prashanth V. ; Shao, M. ; Shao, Tianhao ; Sharma, R. ; Sheikh, Ashik Ikbal ; Shen, D. Y. ; Shi, Shusu ; Shi, Y. ; Shou, Q. Y. ; Sichtermann, Ernst P. ; Sikora, Rafał ; Singh, J. ; Singha, Subhash ; Sinha, P. ; Skoby, Michael J. ; Smirnov, Nikolai ; Söhngen, Yannick ; Solyst, William ; Song, Y. ; Spinka, Harold. M. ; Srivastava, B. ; Stanislaus, T. D. Shirvel ; Stefaniak, Maria ; Stewart, David J. ; Strichanov, Michail Nikolaevič ; Stringfellow, Blair ; Suaide, Alexandre Alarcon do Passo ; Šumbera, Michal ; Sun, X. M. ; Sun, Xu ; Sun, Y. ; Sun, Y. ; Surrow, Bernd ; Svirida, Dmitry N. ; Sweger, Zachary W. ; Szymański, Paweł ; Tang, Aihong ; Tang, Zebo ; Taranenko, Arkadiy ; Tarnowsky, Terence J. ; Thomas, James H. ; Timmins, Anthony Robert ; Tlusty, David ; Todoroki, Takahito ; Tokarev, Mikhail V. ; Tomkiel, C. A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Tribble, Robert E. ; Tribedy, Prithwish ; Tripathy, Srikanta Kumar ; Truhlar, Tomas ; Trzeciak, Barbara Antonina ; Tsai, Oleg D. ; Tu, Zhoudunming ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Underwood, David G. ; Upsal, Isaac ; Van Buren, Gene ; Vanek, Jan ; Vasiliev, Alexander Nikolaevich ; Vassiliev, Iouri ; Verkest, Veronica ; Videbæk, Flemming ; Vokal, Stanislav ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Wang, F. ; Wang, G. ; Wang, J. S. ; Wang, P. ; Wang, X. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Z. ; Webb, Jason C. ; Weidenkaff, Philipp ; Westfall, Gary D. ; Wieman, Howard ; Wissink, Scott W. ; Witt, Richard ; Wu, J. ; Wu, J. ; Wu, Y. ; Xi, B. ; Xiao, Z. G. ; Xie, Guannan ; Xie, W. ; Xu, H. ; Xu, N. ; Xu, Qinghua ; Xu, Y. ; Xu, Z. ; Xu, Z. ; Yan, G. ; Yang, C. ; Yang, Q. ; Yang, S. ; Yang, Y. ; Ye, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Yi, L. ; Yip, K. ; Yu, Y. ; Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina ; Zha, Wangmei ; Zhang, C. ; Zhang, Dingwei ; Zhang, J. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Z. J. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhao, F. ; Zhao, J. ; Zhao, M. ; Zhou, C. ; Zhou, Y. ; Zhu, X. ; Żurek, Maria Katarzyna ; Zyzak, Maksym
The strong force, as one of the four fundamental forces at work in the universe, governs interactions of quarks and gluons, and binds together the atomic nucleus. Notwithstanding decades of progress since Yukawa first developed a description of the force between nucleons in terms of meson exchange, a full understanding of the strong interaction remains a major challenge in modern science. One remaining difficulty arises from the non-perturbative nature of the strong force, which leads to the phenomenon of quark confinement at distance scales on the order of the size of the proton. Here we show that in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, where quarks and gluons are set free over an extended volume, two species of produced vector (spin-1) mesons, namely ϕ and K∗0, emerge with a surprising pattern of global spin alignment. In particular, the global spin alignment for ϕ is unexpectedly large, while that for K∗0 is consistent with zero. The observed spin-alignment pattern and magnitude for the ϕ cannot be explained by conventional mechanisms, while a model with strong force fields accommodates the current data. This is the first time that the strong force field is experimentally supported as a key mechanism that leads to global spin alignment. We extract a quantity proportional to the intensity of the field of the strong force. Within the framework of the Standard Model, where the strong force is typically described in the quark and gluon language of Quantum Chromodynamics, the field being considered here is an effective proxy description. This is a qualitatively new class of measurement, which opens a new avenue for studying the behaviour of strong force fields via their imprint on spin alignment.
Abdallah, Mohamed Samy ; Aboona, Bassam ; Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamczyk, Leszek ; Adams, Joseph R. ; Adkins, J. Kevin ; Agakishiev, Geydar ; Aggarwal, Ishu ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Aitbaev, A. ; Alekseev, Igor G. ; Anderson, Derek M. ; Aparin, Alexey ; Aschenauer, Elke Caroline ; Ashraf, Muhammad Usman ; Atetalla, F. G. ; Averichev, Georgy S. ; Bairathi, Vipul ; Baker, W. ; Ball Cap, Jonathan Gonzalo ; Barish, Kenneth ; Behera, Arabinda ; Bellwied, Rene ; Bhagat, Pratibha ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bielčík, Jaroslav ; Bielčíková, Jana ; Bordyuzhin, Igor G. ; Brandenburg, James D. ; Brandin, Andrei V. ; Cai, Xiang-Zhou ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, Manuel ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Chakaberia, Irakli ; Chaloupka, Petr ; Chan, B. K. ; Chang, F-H. ; Chang, Z. ; Chatterjee, A. ; Chattopadhyay, S. ; Chen, D. ; Chen, J. ; Chen, J. H. ; Chen, X. ; Chen, Z. ; Cheng, J. ; Choudhury, Subikash ; Christie, William ; Chu, Xiaoxuan ; Crawford, Henry J. ; Csanád, Máté ; Daugherity, M. ; Dedovich, T. G. ; Deppner, Ingo Martin ; Derevschikov, Anatoly A. ; Dhamija, A. ; Di Carlo, L. ; Didenko, Lidia ; Dixit, Prabhupada ; Dong, X. ; Drachenberg, James Lucus ; Duckworth, Emilie ; Dunlop, James C. ; Engelage, Jon M. ; Eppley, Geary Wareham ; Esumi, ShinIchi ; Evdokimov, Olga Y. ; Ewigleben, A. ; Eyser, Kjeld Oleg ; Fatemi, Renee H. ; Fawzi, F. M. ; Fazio, Salvatore ; Feng, C. J. ; Feng, Yicheng ; Finch, Evan ; Fisyak, Yuri V. ; Francisco, Audrey ; Fu, C. ; Gagliardi, Carl A. ; Galatyuk, Tetyana ; Geurts, Frank ; Ghimire, Navagyan ; Gibson, Adam ; Gopal, Krishan ; Gou, X. ; Grosnick, David P. ; Gupta, Anik ; Guryn, Włodzimierz ; Hamed, Ahmed M. ; Han, Y. ; Harabasz, Szymon ; Harasty, Matthew D. ; Harris, John W. ; Harrison, Hannah ; He, S. ; He, W. ; He, Xionghong ; He, Y. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Herrmann, Norbert ; Hoffman, E. ; Holub, Lukáš ; Hu, C. ; Hu, Q. ; Hu, Y. ; Huang, H. ; Huang, Huan Zhong ; Huang, Shengli ; Huang, T. ; Huang, X. ; Huang, Y. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Isenhower, D. ; Isshiki, M. ; Jacobs, William W. ; Jena, Chitrasen ; Jentsch, Alexander ; Ji, Yuanjing ; Jia, Jiangyong ; Jiang, K. ; Ju, Xin-Yue ; Judd, Eleanor G. ; Kabana, Sonia ; Kabir, M. L. ; Kagamaster, Skipper ; Kalinkin, Dmitry ; Kang, K. ; Kapukchyan, David ; Kauder, Kolja ; Ke, Hongwei ; Keane, Declan ; Kechechyan, Armen ; Kelsey, Matthew ; Kikoła, Daniel P. ; Kimelman, B. ; Kincses, D. ; Kisel, Ivan ; Kiselev, A. ; Knospe, Anders Garritt ; Ko, H. S. ; Kočenda, L. M. ; Korobitsin, A. ; Kosarzewski, Leszek Krzysztof ; Kramarik, L. ; Kravtsov, Peter ; Kumar, Lokesh ; Kumar, Shyam ; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Raghav ; Kwasizur, Joseph H. ; Lacey, Roy Alphanso ; Lan, Shaowei ; Landgraf, Jeffery M. ; Lauret, Jerome ; Lebedev, Alexei ; Lednicky, Richard ; Lee, J. H. ; Leung, Yue Hang ; Lewis, N. ; Li, C. ; Li, C. ; Li, W. ; Li, X. ; Li, Y. ; Liang, X. ; Liang, Y. ; Licenik, Robert ; Lin, T. ; Lin, Y. ; Lisa, Michael A. ; Liu, F. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, P. ; Liu, T. ; Liu, X. ; Liu, Y. ; Liu, Z. ; Ljubicic, Tonko A. ; Llope, William Joseph ; Longacre, Ronald S. ; Loyd, E. ; Lu, T. ; Lukow, N. S. ; Luo, X. F. ; Ma, L. ; Ma, R. ; Ma, Yu-Gang ; Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, Niseem ; Mallick, Dukhishyam ; Manukhov, S. L. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Matis, Howard S. ; Mazer, Joel Anthony ; Minaev, Nikolai G. ; Mioduszewski, Saskia ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Mouli, Mriganka Mouli ; Mooney, Isaac A. ; Morozov, Dmitry A. ; Mukherjee, A. ; Nagy, M. ; Nam, J. D. ; Nasim, Md. ; Nayak, Kishora ; Neff, D. ; Nelson, John M. ; Nemes, Daniel B. ; Nie, M. ; Nigmatkulov, Grigory A. ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nishitani, R. ; Nogach, Larisa V. ; Nonaka, Toshihiro ; Nunes, A. S. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Ogawa, Akio ; Oh, Saehanseul ; Okorokov, Vitaly A. ; Okubo, K. ; Page, Brian S. ; Pak, Robert ; Pan, Jinjin ; Pandav, Ashish ; Pandey, Ashutosh Kumar ; Panebratsev, Yuri ; Parfenov, P. ; Paul, A. ; Pawlik, Bogdan ; Pawłowska, Diana ; Perkins, Chris ; Pluta, Jan Marian ; Pokhrel, B. R. ; Porter, Jeffrey Brent ; Posik, Matthew ; Prozorova, V. ; Pruthi, Navneet Kumar ; Przybycien, Mariusz ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Qiu, H. ; Quintero, Amilkar ; Racz, Cameron ; Radhakrishnan, Sooraj Krishnan ; Raha, N. ; Ray, Robert L. ; Reed, Rosi Jan ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Robotkova, Monika ; Romero, Juan L. ; Roy, D. ; Ruan, L. ; Sahoo, Aswini Kumar ; Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan ; Sako, H. ; Salur, Sevil ; Samigullin, E. ; Sandweiss, Jack H. ; Sato, Susumu ; Schmidke, William B. ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schweid, Benjamin R. ; Seck, Florian ; Seger, Janet Elizabeth ; Seto, Richard ; Seyboth, Peter ; Shah, N. ; Shahaliev, Ehtiram ; Shanmuganathan, Prashanth V. ; Shao, M. ; Shao, Tianhao ; Sharma, R. ; Sheikh, Ashik Ikbal ; Shen, D. Y. ; Shi, Shusu ; Shi, Y. ; Shou, Q. Y. ; Sichtermann, Ernst P. ; Sikora, Rafał ; Singh, J. ; Singha, Subhash ; Sinha, P. ; Skoby, Michael J. ; Smirnov, Nikolai ; Söhngen, Yannick ; Solyst, William ; Song, Y. ; Spinka, Harold. M. ; Srivastava, B. ; Stanislaus, T. D. Shirvel ; Stefaniak, Maria ; Stewart, David J. ; Strichanov, Michail Nikolaevič ; Stringfellow, Blair ; Suaide, Alexandre Alarcon do Passo ; Šumbera, Michal ; Sun, X. M. ; Sun, Xu ; Sun, Y. ; Sun, Y. ; Surrow, Bernd ; Svirida, Dmitry N. ; Sweger, Zachary W. ; Szymański, Paweł ; Tang, Aihong ; Tang, Zebo ; Taranenko, Arkadiy ; Tarnowsky, Terence J. ; Thomas, James H. ; Timmins, Anthony Robert ; Tlusty, David ; Todoroki, Takahito ; Tokarev, Mikhail V. ; Tomkiel, C. A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Tribble, Robert E. ; Tribedy, Prithwish ; Tripathy, Srikanta Kumar ; Truhlar, Tomas ; Trzeciak, Barbara Antonina ; Tsai, Oleg D. ; Tu, Zhoudunming ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Underwood, David G. ; Upsal, Isaac ; Van Buren, Gene ; Vanek, Jan ; Vasiliev, Alexander Nikolaevich ; Vassiliev, Iouri ; Verkest, Veronica ; Videbæk, Flemming ; Vokal, Stanislav ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Wang, F. ; Wang, G. ; Wang, J. S. ; Wang, P. ; Wang, X. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Z. ; Webb, Jason C. ; Weidenkaff, Philipp ; Westfall, Gary D. ; Wieman, Howard ; Wissink, Scott W. ; Witt, Richard ; Wu, J. ; Wu, J. ; Wu, Y. ; Xi, B. ; Xiao, Z. G. ; Xie, Guannan ; Xie, W. ; Xu, H. ; Xu, N. ; Xu, Qinghua ; Xu, Y. ; Xu, Z. ; Xu, Z. ; Yan, G. ; Yang, C. ; Yang, Q. ; Yang, S. ; Yang, Y. ; Ye, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Yi, L. ; Yip, K. ; Yu, Y. ; Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina ; Zha, Wangmei ; Zhang, C. ; Zhang, Dingwei ; Zhang, J. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Z. J. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhao, F. ; Zhao, J. ; Zhao, M. ; Zhou, C. ; Zhou, Y. ; Zhu, X. ; Żurek, Maria Katarzyna ; Zyzak, Maksym
The strong force, as one of the four fundamental forces at work in the universe, governs interactions of quarks and gluons, and binds together the atomic nucleus. Notwithstanding decades of progress since Yukawa first developed a description of the force between nucleons in terms of meson exchange, a full understanding of the strong interaction remains a major challenge in modern science. One remaining difficulty arises from the non-perturbative nature of the strong force, which leads to the phenomenon of quark confinement at distance scales on the order of the size of the proton. Here we show that in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, where quarks and gluons are set free over an extended volume, two species of produced vector (spin-1) mesons, namely ϕ and K∗0, emerge with a surprising pattern of global spin alignment. In particular, the global spin alignment for ϕ is unexpectedly large, while that for K∗0 is consistent with zero. The observed spin-alignment pattern and magnitude for the ϕ cannot be explained by conventional mechanisms, while a model with strong force fields accommodates the current data. This is the first time that the strong force field is experimentally supported as a key mechanism that leads to global spin alignment. We extract a quantity proportional to the intensity of the field of the strong force. Within the framework of the Standard Model, where the strong force is typically described in the quark and gluon language of Quantum Chromodynamics, the field being considered here is an effective proxy description. This is a qualitatively new class of measurement, which opens a new avenue for studying the behaviour of strong force fields via their imprint on spin alignment.
Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamczyk, Leszek ; Adams, Joseph R. ; Adkins, J. Kevin ; Agakishiev, Geydar ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Alekseev, Igor G. ; Anderson, Derek M. ; Aparin, Alexey ; Aschenauer, Elke Caroline ; Ashraf, Muhammad Usman ; Atetalla, F. G. ; Attri, Anjali ; Averichev, Georgy S. ; Bairathi, Vipul ; Barish, Kenneth ; Behera, Arabinda ; Bellwied, Rene ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bielčík, Jaroslav ; Bielčíková, Jana ; Bland, Leslie C. ; Bordyuzhin, Igor G. ; Brandenburg, James D. ; Brandin, Andrei V. ; Butterworth, Joseph ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, Manuel ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Chakaberia, Irakli ; Chaloupka, Petr ; Chan, B. K. ; Chang, F-H. ; Chang, Z. ; Chankova-Bunzarova, N. ; Chatterjee, A. ; Chen, D. ; Chen, J. ; Chen, J. H. ; Chen, X. ; Chen, Z. ; Cheng, J. ; Cherney, Michael Gerard ; Chevalier, M. ; Choudhury, Subikash ; Christie, William ; Chu, Xiaoxuan ; Crawford, Henry J. ; Csanád, Máté ; Daugherity, M. ; Dedovich, T. G. ; Deppner, Ingo Martin ; Derevschikov, Anatoly A. ; Didenko, Lidia ; Dilks, Christopher ; Dong, X. ; Drachenberg, James Lucus ; Dunlop, James C. ; Edmonds, Terrence ; Elsey, Nicholas ; Engelage, Jon M. ; Eppley, Geary Wareham ; Esumi, ShinIchi ; Evdokimov, Olga Y. ; Ewigleben, A. ; Eyser, Kjeld Oleg ; Fatemi, Renee H. ; Fazio, Salvatore ; Federič, Pavol ; Fedorišin, Jan ; Feng, C. J. ; Feng, Yicheng ; Filip, Peter ; Finch, Evan ; Fisyak, Yuri V. ; Francisco, Audrey ; Fulek, Łukasz ; Gagliardi, Carl A. ; Galatyuk, Tetyana ; Geurts, Frank ; Ghimire, Navagyan ; Gibson, Adam ; Gopal, Krishan ; Gou, X. ; Grosnick, David P. ; Guryn, Włodzimierz ; Hamad, A. I. ; Hamed, Ahmed M. ; Harabasz, Szymon ; Harris, John W. ; He, S. ; He, W. ; He, Xionghong ; He, Y. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Herrmann, Norbert ; Hoffman, E. ; Holub, Lukáš ; Hong, Y. ; Horvat, S. ; Hu, Y. ; Huang, Huan Zhong ; Huang, Shengli ; Huang, T. ; Huang, X. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Huo, P. ; Igo, George J. ; Isenhower, D. ; Jacobs, William W. ; Jena, Chitrasen ; Jentsch, Alexander ; Ji, Yuanjing ; Jia, Jiangyong ; Jiang, K. ; Jowzaee, S. ; Ju, Xin-Yue ; Judd, Eleanor G. ; Kabana, Sonia ; Kabir, M. L. ; Kagamaster, Skipper ; Kalinkin, Dmitry ; Kang, K. ; Kapukchyan, David ; Kauder, Kolja ; Ke, Hongwei ; Keane, Declan ; Kechechyan, Armen ; Kelsey, Matthew ; Khyzhniak, Yevheniia V. ; Kikoła, Daniel P. ; Kim, C. ; Kimelman, B. ; Kincses, D. ; Kinghorn, Todd Adler ; Kisel, Ivan ; Kiselev, A. ; Kocan, Michal ; Kočenda, L. M. ; Kosarzewski, Leszek Krzysztof ; Kramarik, L. ; Kravtsov, Peter ; Krueger, Keith William ; Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, Nalinda ; Kumar, Lokesh ; Kumar, Shyam ; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Raghav ; Kwasizur, Joseph H. ; Lacey, Roy Alphanso ; Lan, Shaowei ; Landgraf, Jeffery M. ; Lauret, Jerome ; Lebedev, Alexei ; Lednicky, Richard ; Lee, J. H. ; Leung, Yue Hang ; Li, C. ; Li, C. ; Li, W. ; Li, W. ; Li, X. ; Li, Y. ; Liang, Y. ; Licenik, Robert ; Lin, T. ; Lin, Y. ; Lisa, Michael A. ; Liu, F. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, P. ; Liu, P. ; Liu, T. ; Liu, X. ; Liu, Y. ; Liu, Z. ; Ljubicic, Tonko A. ; Llope, William Joseph ; Longacre, Ronald S. ; Lukow, N. S. ; Luo, S. ; Luo, X. ; Ma, G. L. ; Ma, L. ; Ma, R. ; Ma, Yu-Gang ; Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, Niseem ; Majka, Richard Daniel ; Mallick, Dukhishyam ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Matis, Howard S. ; Mazer, Joel Anthony ; Minaev, Nikolai G. ; Mioduszewski, Saskia ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Mouli, Mriganka Mouli ; Mooney, Isaac A. ; Moravcova, Zuzana ; Morozov, Dmitry A. ; Nagy, M. ; Nam, J. D. ; Nasim, Md. ; Nayak, Kishora ; Neff, D. ; Nelson, John M. ; Nemes, Daniel B. ; Nie, M. ; Nigmatkulov, Grigory A. ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nogach, Larisa V. ; Nonaka, Toshihiro ; Nunes, A. S. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Ogawa, Akio ; Oh, Saehanseul ; Okorokov, Vitaly A. ; Page, Brian S. ; Pak, Robert ; Pandav, Ashish ; Panebratsev, Yuri ; Pawlik, Bogdan ; Pawłowska, Diana ; Pei, Hua ; Perkins, Chris ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pintér, Roland Laszlo ; Pluta, Jan Marian ; Pokhrel, B. R. ; Porter, Jeffrey Brent ; Posik, Matthew ; Pruthi, Navneet Kumar ; Przybycien, Mariusz ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Qiu, H. ; Quintero, Amilkar ; Radhakrishnan, Sooraj Krishnan ; Ramachandran, Suvarna ; Ray, Robert L. ; Reed, Rosi Jan ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Rogačevskij, Oleg V. ; Romero, Juan L. ; Ruan, L. ; Rusnak, Jan ; Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan ; Sako, H. ; Salur, Sevil ; Sandweiss, Jack H. ; Sato, Susumu ; Schmidke, William B. ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schweid, Benjamin R. ; Seck, Florian ; Seger, Janet Elizabeth ; Sergeeva, Maria ; Seto, Richard ; Seyboth, Peter ; Shah, N. ; Shahaliev, Ehtiram ; Shanmuganathan, Prashanth V. ; Shao, M. ; Sheikh, Ashik Ikbal ; Shen, W. Q. ; Shi, Shusu ; Shi, Y. ; Shou, Q. Y. ; Sichtermann, Ernst P. ; Sikora, Rafał ; Šimko, Miroslav ; Singh, J. ; Singha, Subhash ; Smirnov, Nikolai ; Solyst, William ; Sorensen, Paul Richard ; Spinka, Harold. M. ; Srivastava, B. ; Stanislaus, T. D. Shirvel ; Stefaniak, Maria ; Stewart, David J. ; Strichanov, Michail Nikolaevič ; Stringfellow, Blair ; Suaide, Alexandre Alarcon do Passo ; Šumbera, Michal ; Summa, Branden ; Sun, X. M. ; Sun, X. ; Sun, Y. ; Sun, Y. ; Surrow, Bernd ; Svirida, Dmitry N. ; Szymański, Paweł ; Tang, Aihong ; Tang, Zebo ; Taranenko, Arkadiy ; Tarnowsky, Terence J. ; Thomas, James H. ; Timmins, Anthony Robert ; Tlusty, David ; Tokarev, Mikhail V. ; Tomkiel, C. A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Tribble, Robert E. ; Tribedy, Prithwish ; Tripathy, Srikanta Kumar ; Tsai, Oleg D. ; Tu, Zhoudunming ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Underwood, David G. ; Upsal, Isaac ; Van Buren, Gene ; Vanek, Jan ; Vasiliev, Alexander Nikolaevich ; Vassiliev, Iouri ; Videbæk, Flemming ; Vokal, Stanislav ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Wang, F. ; Wang, G. ; Wang, J. S. ; Wang, P. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Z. ; Webb, Jason C. ; Weidenkaff, Philipp ; Wen, L. ; Westfall, Gary D. ; Wieman, Howard ; Wissink, Scott W. ; Witt, Richard ; Wu, Y. ; Xiao, Z. G. ; Xie, Guannan ; Xie, W. ; Xu, H. ; Xu, N. ; Xu, Qinghua ; Xu, Y. F. ; Xu, Y. ; Xu, Z. ; Xu, Z. ; Yang, C. ; Yang, Q. ; Yang, S. ; Yang, Y. ; Yang, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Yi, L. ; Yip, K. ; Yu, Y. ; Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina ; Zha, Wangmei ; Zhang, C. ; Zhang, Dingwei ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, X. P. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Z. J. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhao, J. ; Zhong, C. ; Zhou, C. ; Zhu, X. ; Zhu, Z. ; Żurek, Maria Katarzyna ; Zyzak, Maksym
The STAR Collaboration reports measurements of the transverse single-spin asymmetry (TSSA) of inclusive 𝜋0 at center-of-mass energies (√𝑠) of 200 GeV and 500 GeV in transversely polarized proton-proton collisions in the pseudo-rapidity region 2.7 to 4.0. The results at the two different energies show a continuous increase of the TSSA with Feynman-𝑥, and, when compared to previous measurements, no dependence on √𝑠 from 19.4 GeV to 500 GeV is found. To investigate the underlying physics leading to this large TSSA, different topologies have been studied. 𝜋0 with no nearby particles tend to have a higher TSSA than inclusive 𝜋0. The TSSA for inclusive electromagnetic jets, sensitive to the Sivers effect in the initial state, is substantially smaller, but shows the same behavior as the inclusive 𝜋0 asymmetry as a function of Feynman-𝑥. To investigate final-state effects, the Collins asymmetry of 𝜋0 inside electromagnetic jets has been measured. The Collins asymmetry is analyzed for its dependence on the 𝜋0 momentum transverse to the jet thrust axis and its dependence on the fraction of jet energy carried by the 𝜋0. The asymmetry was found to be small in each case for both center-of-mass energies. All the measurements are compared to QCD-based theoretical calculations for transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions and fragmentation functions. Some discrepancies are found, which indicates new mechanisms might be involved.
Measurement of inclusive charged-particle jet production in Au + Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV
(2020)
Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamczyk, Leszek ; Adams, Joseph R. ; Adkins, J. Kevin ; Agakishiev, Geydar ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Alekseev, Igor G. ; Anderson, Derek M. ; Aparin, Alexey ; Aschenauer, Elke Caroline ; Ashraf, Muhammad Usman ; Atetalla, F. G. ; Attri, Anjali ; Averichev, Georgy S. ; Bairathi, Vipul ; Barish, Kenneth ; Behera, Arabinda ; Bellwied, Rene ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bielčík, Jaroslav ; Bielčíková, Jana ; Bland, Leslie C. ; Bordyuzhin, Igor G. ; Brandenburg, James D. ; Brandin, Andrei V. ; Butterworth, Joseph ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, Manuel ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Chakaberia, Irakli ; Chaloupka, Petr ; Chan, B. K. ; Chang, F-H. ; Chang, Z. ; Chankova-Bunzarova, N. ; Chatterjee, A. ; Chen, D. ; Chen, J. H. ; Chen, X. ; Chen, Z. ; Cheng, J. ; Cherney, Michael Gerard ; Chevalier, M. ; Choudhury, Subikash ; Christie, William ; Chu, Xiaoxuan ; Crawford, Henry J. ; Csanád, Máté ; Daugherity, M. ; Dedovich, T. G. ; Deppner, Ingo Martin ; Derevschikov, Anatoly A. ; Didenko, Lidia ; Dong, X. ; Drachenberg, James Lucus ; Dunlop, James C. ; Edmonds, Terrence ; Elsey, Nicholas ; Engelage, Jon M. ; Eppley, Geary Wareham ; Esha, Roli ; Esumi, ShinIchi ; Evdokimov, Olga Y. ; Ewigleben, A. ; Eyser, Kjeld Oleg ; Fatemi, Renee H. ; Fazio, Salvatore ; Federič, Pavol ; Fedorišin, Jan ; Feng, C. J. ; Feng, Yicheng ; Filip, Peter ; Finch, Evan ; Fisyak, Yuri V. ; Francisco, Audrey ; Fulek, Łukasz ; Gagliardi, Carl A. ; Galatyuk, Tetyana ; Geurts, Frank ; Gibson, Adam ; Gopal, Krishan ; Grosnick, David P. ; Guryn, Włodzimierz ; Hamad, A. I. ; Hamed, Ahmed M. ; Harabasz, Szymon ; Harris, John W. ; He, S. ; He, W. ; He, X. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Herrmann, Norbert ; Hoffman, E. ; Holub, Lukáš ; Hong, Y. ; Horvat, S. ; Hu, Y. ; Huang, Huan Zhong ; Huang, Shengli ; Huang, T. ; Huang, X. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Huo, P. ; Igo, George J. ; Isenhower, D. ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jacobs, William W. ; Jena, Chitrasen ; Jentsch, Alexander ; JI, Yuanjing ; Jia, Jiangyong ; Jiang, K. ; Jowzaee, S. ; Ju, Xin-Yue ; Judd, Eleanor G. ; Kabana, Sonia ; Kabir, M. L. ; Kagamaster, Skipper ; Kalinkin, Dmitry ; Kang, K. ; Kapukchyan, David ; Kauder, Kolja ; Ke, Hongwei ; Keane, Declan ; Kechechyan, Armen ; Kelsey, Matthew ; Khyzhniak, Yevheniia V. ; Kikoła, Daniel P. ; Kim, C. ; Kimelman, B. ; Kincses, D. ; Kinghorn, Todd Adler ; Kisel, Ivan ; Kiselev, A. ; Kisiel, Adam Ryszard ; Kocan, Michal ; Kočenda, L. M. ; Kosarzewski, Leszek Krzysztof ; Kramarik, L. ; Kravtsov, Peter ; Krueger, Keith William ; Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, Nalinda ; Kumar, Lokesh ; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Raghav ; Kwasizur, Joseph H. ; Lacey, Roy Alphanso ; Lan, Shaowei ; Landgraf, Jeffery M. ; Lauret, Jerome ; Lebedev, Alexei ; Lednicky, Richard ; Lee, J. H. ; Leung, Yue Hang ; Li, C. ; Li, W. ; Li, W. ; Li, X. ; Li, Y. ; Liang, Y. ; Licenik, Robert ; Lin, T. ; Lin, Y. ; Lisa, Michael A. ; Liu, F. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, P. ; Liu, P. ; Liu, T. ; Liu, X. ; Liu, Y. ; Liu, Z. ; Ljubicic, Tonko A. ; Llope, William Joseph ; Longacre, Ronald S. ; Lukow, N. S. ; Luo, S. ; Luo, X. ; Ma, G. L. ; Ma, L. ; Ma, R. ; Ma, Yu-Gang ; Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, Niseem ; Majka, Richard Daniel ; Mallick, Dukhishyam ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Matis, Howard S. ; Mazer, Joel Anthony ; Minaev, Nikolai G. ; Mioduszewski, Saskia ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Mouli, Mriganka Mouli ; Mooney, Isaac A. ; Moravcova, Zuzana ; Morozov, Dmitry A. ; Nagy, M. ; Nam, J. D. ; Nasim, Md. ; Nayak, Kishora ; Neff, D. ; Nelson, John M. ; Nemes, Daniel B. ; Nie, M. ; Nigmatkulov, Grigory A. ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nogach, Larisa V. ; Nonaka, Toshihiro ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Ogawa, Akio ; Oh, Saehanseul ; Okorokov, Vitaly A. ; Page, Brian S. ; Pak, Robert ; Pandav, Ashish ; Panebratsev, Yuri ; Pawlik, Bogdan ; Pawłowska, Diana ; Pei, Hua ; Perkins, Chris ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pintér, Roland Laszlo ; Pluta, Jan Marian ; Porter, Jeffrey Brent ; Posik, Matthew ; Pruthi, Navneet Kumar ; Przybycien, Mariusz ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Qiu, H. ; Quintero, Amilkar ; Radhakrishnan, Sooraj Krishnan ; Ramachandran, Suvarna ; Ray, Robert L. ; Reed, Rosi Jan ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Roberts, Jabus B. ; Rogačevskij, Oleg V. ; Romero, Juan L. ; Ruan, L. ; Rusnak, Jan ; Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan ; Sako, H. ; Salur, Sevil ; Sandweiss, Jack H. ; Sato, Susumu ; Schmidke, William B. ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schweid, Benjamin R. ; Seck, Florian ; Seger, Janet Elizabeth ; Sergeeva, Maria ; Seto, Richard ; Seyboth, Peter ; Shah, N. ; Shahaliev, Ehtiram ; Shanmuganathan, Prashanth V. ; Shao, M. ; Shen, F. ; Shen, W. Q. ; Shi, Shusu ; Shou, Q. Y. ; Sichtermann, Ernst P. ; Sikora, Rafał ; Šimko, Miroslav ; Singh, J. ; Singha, Subhash ; Smirnov, Nikolai ; Solyst, William ; Sorensen, Paul Richard ; Spinka, Harold. M. ; Srivastava, B. ; Stanislaus, T. D. Shirvel ; Stefaniak, Maria ; Stewart, David J. ; Strichanov, Michail Nikolaevič ; Stringfellow, Blair ; Suaide, Alexandre Alarcon do Passo ; Šumbera, Michal ; Summa, Branden ; Sun, X. M. ; Sun, X. ; Sun, Y. ; Sun, Y. ; Surrow, Bernd ; Svirida, Dmitry N. ; Szymański, Paweł ; Tang, Aihong ; Tang, Zebo ; Taranenko, Arkadiy ; Tarnowsky, Terence J. ; Thomas, James H. ; Timmins, Anthony Robert ; Tlusty, David ; Tokarev, Mikhail V. ; Tomkiel, C. A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Tribble, Robert E. ; Tribedy, Prithwish ; Tripathy, Srikanta Kumar ; Tsai, Oleg D. ; Tu, Zhoudunming ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Underwood, David G. ; Upsal, Isaac ; Van Buren, Gene ; Vanek, Jan ; Vasiliev, Alexander Nikolaevich ; Vassiliev, Iouri ; Videbæk, Flemming ; Vokal, Stanislav ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Wang, F. ; Wang, G. ; Wang, J. S. ; Wang, P. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Z. ; Webb, Jason C. ; Weidenkaff, Philipp ; Wen, L. ; Westfall, Gary D. ; Wieman, Howard ; Wissink, Scott W. ; Witt, Richard ; Wu, Y. ; Xiao, Z. G. ; Xie, Guannan ; Xie, W. ; Xu, H. ; Xu, N. ; Xu, Qinghua ; Xu, Y. F. ; Xu, Y. ; Xu, Z. ; Xu, Z. ; Yang, C. ; Yang, Q. ; Yang, S. ; Yang, Y. ; Yang, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Yi, L. ; Yip, K. ; Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina ; Zha, Wangmei ; Zhang, Dingwei ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, X. P. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Z. J. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhao, J. ; Zhong, C. ; Zhou, C. ; Zhu, X. ; Zhu, Z. ; Żurek, Maria Katarzyna ; Zyzak, Maksym
The STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider reports the first measurement of inclusive jet production in peripheral and central Au+Au collisions at √𝑠𝑁𝑁=200 GeV. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-𝑘𝑇 algorithm using charged tracks with pseudorapidity |𝜂|<1.0 and transverse momentum 0.2<𝑝ch
𝑇,jet<30 GeV/𝑐, with jet resolution parameter 𝑅=0.2, 0.3, and 0.4. The large background yield uncorrelated with the jet signal is observed to be dominated by statistical phase space, consistent with a previous coincidence measurement. This background is suppressed by requiring a high-transverse-momentum (high-𝑝𝑇) leading hadron in accepted jet candidates. The bias imposed by this requirement is assessed, and the 𝑝𝑇 region in which the bias is small is identified. Inclusive charged-particle jet distributions are reported in peripheral and central Au+Au collisions for 5<𝑝ch
𝑇,jet<25 GeV/𝑐 and 5<𝑝ch
𝑇,jet<30 GeV/𝑐, respectively. The charged-particle jet inclusive yield is suppressed for central Au+Au collisions, compared to both the peripheral Au+Au yield from this measurement and to the 𝑝𝑝 yield calculated using the PYTHIA event generator. The magnitude of the suppression is consistent with that of inclusive hadron production at high 𝑝𝑇 and that of semi-inclusive recoil jet yield when expressed in terms of energy loss due to medium-induced energy transport. Comparison of inclusive charged-particle jet yields for different values of 𝑅 exhibits no significant evidence for medium-induced broadening of the transverse jet profile for 𝑅 <0.4 in central Au+Au collisions. The measured distributions are consistent with theoretical model calculations that incorporate jet quenching.
Measurement of inclusive charged-particle jet production in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV
(2021)
Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamczyk, Leszek ; Adams, Joseph R. ; Adkins, J. Kevin ; Agakishiev, Geydar ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Alekseev, Igor G. ; Anderson, Derek M. ; Aparin, Alexey ; Aschenauer, Elke Caroline ; Ashraf, Muhammad Usman ; Atetalla, F. G. ; Attri, Anjali ; Averichev, Georgy S. ; Bairathi, Vipul ; Barish, Kenneth ; Behera, Arabinda ; Bellwied, Rene ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bielčík, Jaroslav ; Bielčíková, Jana ; Bland, Leslie C. ; Bordyuzhin, Igor G. ; Brandenburg, James D. ; Brandin, Andrei V. ; Butterworth, Joseph ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, Manuel ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Chakaberia, Irakli ; Chaloupka, Petr ; Chan, B. K. ; Chang, F-H. ; Chang, Z. ; Chankova-Bunzarova, N. ; Chatterjee, A. ; Chen, D. ; Chen, J. H. ; Chen, X. ; Chen, Z. ; Cheng, J. ; Cherney, Michael Gerard ; Chevalier, M. ; Choudhury, Subikash ; Christie, William ; Chu, Xiaoxuan ; Crawford, Henry J. ; Csanád, Máté ; Daugherity, M. ; Dedovich, T. G. ; Deppner, Ingo Martin ; Derevschikov, Anatoly A. ; Didenko, Lidia ; Dong, X. ; Drachenberg, James Lucus ; Dunlop, James C. ; Edmonds, Terrence ; Elsey, Nicholas ; Engelage, Jon M. ; Eppley, Geary Wareham ; Esha, Roli ; Esumi, ShinIchi ; Evdokimov, Olga Y. ; Ewigleben, A. ; Eyser, Kjeld Oleg ; Fatemi, Renee H. ; Fazio, Salvatore ; Federič, Pavol ; Fedorišin, Jan ; Feng, C. J. ; Feng, Yicheng ; Filip, Peter ; Finch, Evan ; Fisyak, Yuri V. ; Francisco, Audrey ; Fulek, Łukasz ; Gagliardi, Carl A. ; Galatyuk, Tetyana ; Geurts, Frank ; Gibson, Adam ; Gopal, Krishan ; Grosnick, David P. ; Guryn, Włodzimierz ; Hamad, A. I. ; Hamed, Ahmed M. ; Harabasz, Szymon ; Harris, John W. ; He, S. ; He, W. ; He, X. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Herrmann, Norbert ; Hoffman, E. ; Holub, Lukáš ; Hong, Y. ; Horvat, S. ; Hu, Y. ; Huang, Huan Zhong ; Huang, Shengli ; Huang, T. ; Huang, X. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Huo, P. ; Igo, George J. ; Isenhower, D. ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jacobs, William W. ; Jena, Chitrasen ; Jentsch, Alexander ; JI, Yuanjing ; Jia, Jiangyong ; Jiang, K. ; Jowzaee, S. ; Ju, Xin-Yue ; Judd, Eleanor G. ; Kabana, Sonia ; Kabir, M. L. ; Kagamaster, Skipper ; Kalinkin, Dmitry ; Kang, K. ; Kapukchyan, David ; Kauder, Kolja ; Ke, Hongwei ; Keane, Declan ; Kechechyan, Armen ; Kelsey, Matthew ; Khyzhniak, Yevheniia V. ; Kikoła, Daniel P. ; Kim, C. ; Kimelman, B. ; Kincses, D. ; Kinghorn, Todd Adler ; Kisel, Ivan ; Kiselev, A. ; Kisiel, Adam Ryszard ; Kocan, Michal ; Kočenda, L. M. ; Kosarzewski, Leszek Krzysztof ; Kramarik, L. ; Kravtsov, Peter ; Krueger, Keith William ; Mudiyanselage, N. Kulathunga ; Kumar, Lokesh ; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Raghav ; Kwasizur, Joseph H. ; Lacey, Roy Alphanso ; Lan, Shaowei ; Landgraf, Jeffery M. ; Lauret, Jerome ; Lebedev, Alexei ; Lednicky, Richard ; Lee, J. H. ; Leung, Yue Hang ; Li, C. ; Li, W. ; Li, W. ; Li, X. ; Li, Y. ; Liang, Y. ; Licenik, Robert ; Lin, T. ; Lin, Y. ; Lisa, Michael A. ; Liu, F. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, P. ; Liu, P. ; Liu, T. ; Liu, X. ; Liu, Y. ; Liu, Z. ; Ljubicic, Tonko A. ; Llope, William Joseph ; Longacre, Ronald S. ; Lukow, N. S. ; Luo, S. ; Luo, X. ; Ma, G. L. ; Ma, L. ; Ma, R. ; Ma, Yu-Gang ; Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, Niseem ; Majka, Richard Daniel ; Mallick, Dukhishyam ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Matis, Howard S. ; Mazer, Joel Anthony ; Minaev, Nikolai G. ; Mioduszewski, Saskia ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Mouli, Mriganka Mouli ; Mooney, Isaac A. ; Moravcova, Zuzana ; Morozov, Dmitry A. ; Nagy, M. ; Nam, J. D. ; Nasim, Md. ; Nayak, Kishora ; Neff, D. ; Nelson, John M. ; Nemes, Daniel B. ; Nie, M. ; Nigmatkulov, Grigory A. ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nogach, Larisa V. ; Nonaka, Toshihiro ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Ogawa, Akio ; Oh, Saehanseul ; Okorokov, Vitaly A. ; Page, Brian S. ; Pak, Robert ; Pandav, Ashish ; Panebratsev, Yuri ; Pawlik, Bogdan ; Pawłowska, Diana ; Pei, Hua ; Perkins, Chris ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pintér, Roland Laszlo ; Pluta, Jan Marian ; Porter, Jeffrey Brent ; Posik, Matthew ; Pruthi, Navneet Kumar ; Przybycien, Mariusz ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Qiu, H. ; Quintero, Amilkar ; Radhakrishnan, Sooraj Krishnan ; Ramachandran, Suvarna ; Ray, Robert L. ; Reed, Rosi Jan ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Roberts, Jabus B. ; Rogačevskij, Oleg V. ; Romero, Juan L. ; Ruan, L. ; Rusnak, Jan ; Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan ; Sako, H. ; Salur, Sevil ; Sandweiss, Jack H. ; Sato, Susumu ; Schmidke, William B. ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schweid, Benjamin R. ; Seck, Florian ; Seger, Janet Elizabeth ; Sergeeva, Maria ; Seto, Richard ; Seyboth, Peter ; Shah, N. ; Shahaliev, Ehtiram ; Shanmuganathan, Prashanth V. ; Shao, M. ; Shen, F. ; Shen, W. Q. ; Shi, Shusu ; Shou, Q. Y. ; Sichtermann, Ernst P. ; Sikora, Rafał ; Šimko, Miroslav ; Singh, J. ; Singha, Subhash ; Smirnov, Nikolai ; Solyst, William ; Sorensen, Paul Richard ; Spinka, Harold. M. ; Srivastava, B. ; Stanislaus, T. D. Shirvel ; Stefaniak, Maria ; Stewart, David J. ; Strichanov, Michail Nikolaevič ; Stringfellow, Blair ; Suaide, Alexandre Alarcon do Passo ; Šumbera, Michal ; Summa, Branden ; Sun, X. M. ; Sun, X. ; Sun, Y. ; Sun, Y. ; Surrow, Bernd ; Svirida, Dmitry N. ; Szymański, Paweł ; Tang, Aihong ; Tang, Zebo ; Taranenko, Arkadiy ; Tarnowsky, Terence J. ; Thomas, James H. ; Timmins, Anthony Robert ; Tlusty, David ; Tokarev, Mikhail V. ; Tomkiel, C. A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Tribble, Robert E. ; Tribedy, Prithwish ; Tripathy, Srikanta Kumar ; Tsai, Oleg D. ; Tu, Zhoudunming ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Underwood, David G. ; Upsal, Isaac ; Van Buren, Gene ; Vanek, Jan ; Vasiliev, Alexander Nikolaevich ; Vassiliev, Iouri ; Videbæk, Flemming ; Vokal, Stanislav ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Wang, F. ; Wang, G. ; Wang, J. S. ; Wang, P. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Z. ; Webb, Jason C. ; Weidenkaff, Philipp ; Wen, L. ; Westfall, Gary D. ; Wieman, Howard ; Wissink, Scott W. ; Witt, Richard ; Wu, Y. ; Xiao, Z. G. ; Xie, Guannan ; Xie, W. ; Xu, H. ; Xu, N. ; Xu, Qinghua ; Xu, Y. F. ; Xu, Y. ; Xu, Z. ; Xu, Z. ; Yang, C. ; Yang, Q. ; Yang, S. ; Yang, Y. ; Yang, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Yi, L. ; Yip, K. ; Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina ; Zha, Wangmei ; Zhang, Dingwei ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, X. P. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Z. J. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhao, J. ; Zhong, C. ; Zhou, C. ; Zhu, X. ; Zhu, Z. ; Żurek, Maria Katarzyna ; Zyzak, Maksym
The STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider reports the first measurement of inclusive jet production in peripheral and central Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−−√=200 GeV. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kT algorithm using charged tracks with pseudorapidity |η|<1.0 and transverse momentum 0.2<pchT,jet<30 GeV/c, with jet resolution parameter R=0.2, 0.3, and 0.4. The large background yield uncorrelated with the jet signal is observed to be dominated by statistical phase space, consistent with a previous coincidence measurement. This background is suppressed by requiring a high-transverse-momentum (high-pT) leading hadron in accepted jet candidates. The bias imposed by this requirement is assessed, and the pT region in which the bias is small is identified. Inclusive charged-particle jet distributions are reported in peripheral and central Au+Au collisions for 5<pchT,jet<25 GeV/c and 5<pchT,jet<30 GeV/c, respectively. The charged-particle jet inclusive yield is suppressed for central Au+Au collisions, compared to both the peripheral Au+Au yield from this measurement and to the pp yield calculated using the PYTHIA event generator. The magnitude of the suppression is consistent with that of inclusive hadron production at high pT, and that of semi-inclusive recoil jet yield when expressed in terms of energy loss due to medium-induced energy transport. Comparison of inclusive charged-particle jet yields for different values of R exhibits no significant evidence for medium-induced broadening of the transverse jet profile for R<0.4 in central Au+Au collisions. The measured distributions are consistent with theoretical model calculations that incorporate jet quenching.
Abdallah, Mohamed Samy ; Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamczyk, Leszek ; Adams, Joseph R. ; Adkins, J. Kevin ; Agakishiev, Geydar ; Aggarwal, Ishu ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Alekseev, Igor G. ; Anderson, Derek M. ; Aparin, Alexey ; Aschenauer, Elke Caroline ; Ashraf, Muhammad Usman ; Atetalla, F. G. ; Attri, Anjali ; Averichev, Georgy S. ; Bairathi, Vipul ; Baker, W. ; Ball Cap, Jonathan Gonzalo ; Barish, Kenneth ; Behera, Arabinda ; Bellwied, Rene ; Bhagat, Pratibha ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bielčík, Jaroslav ; Bielčíková, Jana ; Bordyuzhin, Igor G. ; Brandenburg, James D. ; Brandin, Andrei V. ; Bunzarov, Ivan ; Butterworth, Joseph ; Cai, Xiang-Zhou ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, Manuel ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Chakaberia, Irakli ; Chaloupka, Petr ; Chan, B. K. ; Chang, F. -H. ; Chang, Z. ; Chankova-Bunzarova, N. ; Chatterjee, A. ; Chattopadhyay, S. ; Chen, D. ; Chen, J. ; Chen, J. H. ; Chen, X. ; Chen, Z. ; Cheng, J. ; Chevalier, M. ; Choudhury, Subikash ; Christie, William ; Chu, Xiaoxuan ; Crawford, Henry J. ; Csanád, Máté ; Daugherity, M. ; Dedovich, T. G. ; Deppner, Ingo Martin ; Derevschikov, Anatoly A. ; Dhamija, A. ; Di Carlo, L. ; Didenko, Lidia ; Dong, X. ; Drachenberg, James Lucus ; Dunlop, James C. ; Elsey, Nicholas ; Engelage, Jon M. ; Eppley, Geary Wareham ; Esumi, ShinIchi ; Evdokimov, Olga Y. ; Ewigleben, A. ; Eyser, Kjeld Oleg ; Fatemi, Renee H. ; Fawzi, F. M. ; Fazio, Salvatore ; Federič, Pavol ; Fedorišin, Jan ; Feng, C. J. ; Feng, Yicheng ; Filip, Peter ; Finch, Evan ; Fisyak, Yuri V. ; Francisco, Audrey ; Fu, C. ; Fulek, Łukasz ; Gagliardi, Carl A. ; Galatyuk, Tetyana ; Geurts, Frank ; Ghimire, Navagyan ; Gibson, Adam ; Gopal, Krishan ; Gou, X. ; Grosnick, David P. ; Gupta, Anik ; Guryn, Włodzimierz ; Hamad, A. I. ; Hamed, Ahmed M. ; Han, Y. ; Harabasz, Szymon ; Harasty, Matthew D. ; Harris, John W. ; Harrison, Hannah ; He, S. ; He, W. ; He, Xionghong ; He, Y. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Herrmann, Norbert ; Hoffman, E. ; Holub, Lukáš ; Hu, Y. ; Huang, H. ; Huang, Huan Zhong ; Huang, Shengli ; Huang, T. ; Huang, X. ; Huang, Y. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Isenhower, D. ; Jacobs, William W. ; Jena, Chitrasen ; Jentsch, Alexander ; Ji, Yuanjing ; Jia, Jiangyong ; Jiang, K. ; Ju, Xin-Yue ; Judd, Eleanor G. ; Kabana, Sonia ; Kabir, M. L. ; Kagamaster, Skipper ; Kalinkin, Dmitry ; Kang, K. ; Kapukchyan, David ; Kauder, Kolja ; Ke, Hongwei ; Keane, Declan ; Kechechyan, Armen ; Khyzhniak, Yevheniia V. ; Kikoła, Daniel P. ; Kim, C. ; Kimelman, B. ; Kincses, D. ; Kisel, Ivan ; Kiselev, A. ; Knospe, Anders Garritt ; Kočenda, L. M. ; Kosarzewski, Leszek Krzysztof ; Kramarik, L. ; Kravtsov, Peter ; Kumar, Lokesh ; Kumar, Shyam ; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Raghav ; Kwasizur, Joseph H. ; Lacey, Roy Alphanso ; Lan, Shaowei ; Landgraf, Jeffery M. ; Lauret, Jerome ; Lebedev, Alexei ; Lednicky, Richard ; Lee, J. H. ; Leung, Yue Hang ; Li, C. ; Li, C. ; Li, W. ; Li, X. ; Li, Y. ; Liang, X. ; Liang, Y. ; Licenik, Robert ; Lin, T. ; Lin, Y. ; Lisa, Michael A. ; Liu, F. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, P. ; Liu, T. ; Liu, X. ; Liu, Y. ; Liu, Z. ; Ljubicic, Tonko A. ; Llope, William Joseph ; Longacre, Ronald S. ; Loyd, E. ; Lukow, N. S. ; Luo, Xiaofeng ; Ma, L. ; Ma, R. ; Ma, Yu-Gang ; Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, Niseem ; Majka, Richard Daniel ; Mallick, Dukhishyam ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Matis, Howard S. ; Mazer, Joel Anthony ; Minaev, Nikolai G. ; Mioduszewski, Saskia ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Mouli, Mriganka Mouli ; Mooney, Isaac A. ; Morozov, Dmitry A. ; Mukherjee, A. ; Nagy, M. ; Nam, J. D. ; Nasim, Md. ; Nayak, Kishora ; Neff, D. ; Nelson, John M. ; Nemes, Daniel B. ; Nie, M. ; Nigmatkulov, Grigory A. ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nishitani, R. ; Nogach, Larisa V. ; Nonaka, Toshihiro ; Nunes, A. S. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Ogawa, Akio ; Oh, Saehanseul ; Okorokov, Vitaly A. ; Page, Brian S. ; Pak, Robert ; Pandav, Ashish ; Pandey, Ashutosh Kumar ; Panebratsev, Yuri ; Parfenov, P. ; Pawlik, Bogdan ; Pawłowska, Diana ; Pei, Hua ; Perkins, Chris ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pintér, Roland Laszlo ; Pluta, Jan Marian ; Pokhrel, B. R. ; Ponimatkin, G. ; Porter, Jeffrey Brent ; Posik, Matthew ; Prozorova, V. ; Pruthi, Navneet Kumar ; Przybycien, Mariusz ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Qiu, H. ; Quintero, Amilkar ; Racz, Cameron ; Radhakrishnan, Sooraj Krishnan ; Raha, N. ; Ray, Robert L. ; Reed, Rosi Jan ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Robotkova, Monika ; Rogačevskij, Oleg V. ; Romero, Juan L. ; Ruan, L. ; Rusnak, Jan ; Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan ; Sako, H. ; Salur, Sevil ; Sandweiss, Jack H. ; Sato, Susumu ; Schmidke, William B. ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schweid, Benjamin R. ; Seck, Florian ; Seger, Janet Elizabeth ; Sergeeva, Maria ; Seto, Richard ; Seyboth, Peter ; Shah, N. ; Shahaliev, Ehtiram ; Shanmuganathan, Prashanth V. ; Shao, M. ; Shao, Tianhao ; Sheikh, Ashik Ikbal ; Shen, D. ; Shi, Shusu ; Shi, Y. ; Shou, Q. Y. ; Sichtermann, Ernst P. ; Sikora, Rafał ; Šimko, Miroslav ; Singh, J. ; Singha, Subhash ; Skoby, Michael J. ; Smirnov, Nikolai ; Söhngen, Yannick ; Solyst, William ; Sorensen, Paul Richard ; Spinka, Harold. M. ; Srivastava, B. ; Stanislaus, T. D. Shirvel ; Stefaniak, Maria ; Stewart, David J. ; Strichanov, Michail Nikolaevič ; Stringfellow, Blair ; Suaide, Alexandre Alarcon do Passo ; Šumbera, Michal ; Summa, Branden ; Sun, X. M. ; Sun, X. ; Sun, Y. ; Sun, Y. ; Surrow, Bernd ; Svirida, Dmitry N. ; Sweger, Zachary W. ; Szymański, Paweł ; Tang, Aihong ; Tang, Zebo ; Taranenko, Arkadiy ; Tarnowsky, Terence J. ; Thomas, James H. ; Timmins, Anthony Robert ; Tlusty, David ; Todoroki, Takahito ; Tokarev, Mikhail V. ; Tomkiel, C. A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Tribble, Robert E. ; Tribedy, Prithwish ; Tripathy, Srikanta Kumar ; Truhlar, Tomas ; Trzeciak, Barbara Antonina ; Tsai, Oleg D. ; Tu, Zhoudunming ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Underwood, David G. ; Upsal, Isaac ; Van Buren, Gene ; Vanek, Jan ; Vasiliev, Alexander Nikolaevich ; Vassiliev, Iouri ; Verkest, Veronica ; Videbæk, Flemming ; Vokal, Stanislav ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Wang, F. ; Wang, G. ; Wang, J. S. ; Wang, P. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Z. ; Webb, Jason C. ; Weidenkaff, Philipp ; Wen, L. ; Westfall, Gary D. ; Wieman, Howard ; Wissink, Scott W. ; Witt, Richard ; Wu, J. ; Wu, Y. ; Xi, B. ; Xiao, Z. G. ; Xie, Guannan ; Xie, W. ; Xu, H. ; Xu, N. ; Xu, Qinghua ; Xu, Y. ; Xu, Z. ; Xu, Z. ; Yang, C. ; Yang, Q. ; Yang, S. ; Yang, Y. ; Yang, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Yi, L. ; Yip, K. ; Yu, Y. ; Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina ; Zha, Wangmei ; Zhang, C. ; Zhang, Dingwei ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, X. P. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Z. J. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhao, J. ; Zhou, C. ; Zhu, X. ; Zhu, Z. ; Żurek, Maria Katarzyna ; Zyzak, Maksym
We report a systematic measurement of cumulants, Cn, for net-proton, proton and antiproton multiplicity distributions, and correlation functions, κn, for proton and antiproton multiplicity distributions up to the fourth order in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 54.4, 62.4 and 200 GeV. The Cn and κn are presented as a function of collision energy, centrality and kinematic acceptance in rapidity, y, and transverse momentum, pT. The data were taken during the first phase of the Beam Energy Scan (BES) program (2010 -- 2017) at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) facility. The measurements are carried out at midrapidity (|y|< 0.5) and transverse momentum 0.4 < pT < 2.0 GeV/c, using the STAR detector at RHIC. We observe a non-monotonic energy dependence (sNN−−−√ = 7.7 -- 62.4 GeV) of the net-proton C4/C2 with the significance of 3.1σ for the 0-5\% central Au+Au collisions. This is consistent with the expectations of critical fluctuations in a QCD-inspired model. Thermal and transport model calculations show a monotonic variation with sNN−−−√. For the multiparticle correlation functions, we observe significant negative values for a two-particle correlation function, κ2, of protons and antiprotons, which are mainly due to the effects of baryon number conservation. Furthermore, it is found that the four-particle correlation function, κ4, of protons plays a role in determining the energy dependence of proton C4/C1 below 19.6 GeV, which cannot be understood by the effect of baryon number conservation.
Aboona, Bassam ; Adam, Jaroslav ; Adams, Joseph R. ; Agakishiev, Geydar ; Aggarwal, Ishu ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Aitbaev, A. ; Alekseev, Igor G. ; Anderson, Derek M. ; Aparin, Alexey ; Atchison, J. ; Averichev, Georgy S. ; Bairathi, Vipul ; Baker, W. ; Ball Cap, Jonathan Gonzalo ; Barish, Kenneth ; Bhagat, Pratibha ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bhatta, Somadutta ; Bordyuzhin, Igor G. ; Brandenburg, James D. ; Brandin, Andrei V. ; Cai, X.Z. ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, Manuel ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Češka, Jakub ; Chakaberia, Irakli ; Chan, B.K. ; Chang, Z. ; Chen, D. ; Chen, J. ; Chen, J.H. ; Chen, Z. ; Cheng, J. ; Cheng, Y. ; Choudhury, Subikash ; Christie, William ; Chu, Xiaoxuan ; Crawford, Henry J. ; Csanád, Máté ; Dale-Gau, Gabriel ; Das, A. ; Daugherity, M. ; Dedovič, Tatiana G. ; Deppner, Ingo Martin ; Derevschikov, Anatoly A. ; Dhamija, A. ; Di Carlo, L. ; Didenko, Lidia ; Dixit, Prabhupada ; Dong, X. ; Drachenberg, James Lucus ; Duckworth, Emilie ; Dunlop, James C. ; Engelage, Jon M. ; Eppley, Geary Wareham ; Esumi, ShinIchi ; Evdokimov, Olga Y. ; Ewigleben, A. ; Eyser, Kjeld Oleg ; Fatemi, Renee H. ; Fazio, Salvatore ; Feng, C.J. ; Feng, Yicheng ; Finch, Evan ; Fisyak, Yuri V. ; Flor, Fernando Antonio ; Fu, C. ; Geurts, Frank ; Ghimire, Navagyan ; Gibson, Adam ; Gopal, Krishan ; Gou, X. ; Grosnick, David P. ; Gupta, Anik ; Hamed, Ahmed M. ; Han, Y. ; Harasty, Matthew D. ; Harris, John W. ; Harrison, Hannah ; He, W. ; He, Xionghong ; He, Y. ; Hu, C. ; Hu, Q. ; Hu, Y. ; Huang, H. ; Huang, Huan Zhong ; Huang, Shengli ; Huang, T. ; Huang, X. ; Huang, Y. ; Huang, Y. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Isenhower, D. ; Isshiki, M. ; Jacobs, William W. ; Jalotra, Ashish ; Jena, Chitrasen ; Ji, Yuanjing ; Jia, Jiangyong ; Jin, C. ; Ju, Xin-Yue ; Judd, Eleanor G. ; Kabana, Sonia ; Kabir, M.L. ; Kalinkin, Dmitry ; Kang, K. ; Kapukchyan, David ; Kauder, Kolja ; Ke, Hongwei ; Keane, Declan ; Kechechyan, Armen ; Kelsey, Matthew ; Kimelman, B. ; Kincses, D. ; Kiselev, A. ; Knospe, Anders Garritt ; Ko, H.S. ; Kočenda, L. M. ; Korobitsin, A.A. ; Kravtsov, Peter ; Kumar, Lokesh ; Kumar, Shyam ; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Raghav ; Lacey, Roy Alphanso ; Landgraf, Jeffery M. ; Lebedev, Alexei ; Lednicky, Richard ; Lee, J.H. ; Leung, Yue Hang ; Lewis, N. ; Li, C. ; Li, C. ; Li, W. ; Li, X. ; Li, Y. ; Li, Y. ; Li, Z. ; Liang, X. ; Liang, Y. ; Lin, T. ; Liu, C. ; Liu, F. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, H. ; Liu, L. ; Liu, T. ; Liu, X. ; Liu, Y. ; Liu, Z. ; Ljubicic, Tonko A. ; Llope, William Joseph ; Lomicky, O. ; Longacre, Ronald S. ; Loyd, E. ; Lu, T. ; Lukow, N.S. ; Luo, X.F. ; Luong, V.B. ; Ma, L. ; Ma, R. ; Ma, Yu-Gang ; Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, Niseem ; Mallick, Dukhishyam ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Matis, Howard S. ; Mazer, Joel Anthony ; McNamara, Grant ; Mi, K. ; Minaev, Nikolai G. ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Mooney, Isaac A. ; Morozov, Dmitry A. ; Mudrokh, A. ; Mukherjee, A. ; Nagy, M.I. ; Nain, A.S. ; Nam, J.D. ; Nasim, Md. ; Neff, D. ; Nelson, John M. ; Nemes, Daniel B. ; Nie, M. ; Nigmatkulov, Grigory A. ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nishitani, R. ; Nogach, Larisa V. ; Nonaka, Toshihiro ; Nunes, A.S. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Ogawa, Akio ; Oh, Saehanseul ; Okorokov, Vitaly A. ; Okubo, K. ; Page, Brian S. ; Pak, Robert ; Pan, Jinjin ; Pandav, Ashish ; Pandey, Ashutosh Kumar ; Panebratsev, Yuri ; Pani, Tanmay ; Parfenov, P. ; Paul, A. ; Perkins, Chris ; Pokhrel, B.R. ; Posik, Matthew ; Protzman, Tristan ; Pruthi, Navneet Kumar ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Qin, Z. ; Qiu, H. ; Quintero, Amilkar ; Racz, Cameron ; Radhakrishnan, Sooraj Krishnan ; Raha, N. ; Ray, Robert L. ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Robertson, C.W. ; Rogachevsky, O.V. ; Rosales Aguilar, M.A. ; Roy, D. ; Ruan, L. ; Sahoo, Aswini Kumar ; Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan ; Sako, H. ; Salur, Sevil ; Samigullin, E. ; Sato, Susumu ; Schmidke, William B. ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seger, Janet Elizabeth ; Seto, Richard ; Seyboth, Peter ; Shah, N. ; Shahaliev, Ehtiram ; Shanmuganathan, Prashanth V. ; Shao, M. ; Shao, Tianhao ; Sharma, M. ; Sharma, Natasha ; Sharma, R. ; Sharma, S.R. ; Sheikh, Ashik Ikbal ; Shen, D.Y. ; Shen, K. ; Shi, Shusu ; Shi, Y. ; Shou, Q.Y. ; Si, F. ; Singh, J. ; Singha, Subhash ; Sinha, P. ; Skoby, Michael J. ; Söhngen, Yannick ; Song, Y. ; Srivastava, B. ; Stanislaus, T. D. Shirvel ; Stewart, David J. ; Strichanov, Michail Nikolaevič ; Stringfellow, Blair ; Su, Y. ; Sun, C. ; Sun, X. ; Sun, Y. ; Sun, Y. ; Surrow, Bernd ; Svirida, Dmitry N. ; Sweger, Z.W. ; Tamis, A. ; Tang, Aihong ; Tang, Zebo ; Taranenko, Arkadiy ; Tarnowsky, Terence J. ; Thomas, James H. ; Tlusty, David ; Todoroki, Takahito ; Tokarev, M.V. ; Tomkiel, C.A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Tribble, Robert E. ; Tribedy, Prithwish ; Tsai, Oleg D. ; Tsang, C.Y. ; Tu, Zhoudunming ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Underwood, David G. ; Upsal, Isaac ; Van Buren, Gene ; Vasiliev, Alexander Nikolaevich ; Verkest, Veronica ; Videbæk, Flemming ; Vokal, Stanislav ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Wang, F. ; Wang, G. ; Wang, J.S. ; Wang, X. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Z. ; Webb, Jason C. ; Weidenkaff, Philipp ; Westfall, Gary D. ; Wieman, Howard ; Wilks, G. ; Wissink, Scott W. ; Wu, J. ; Wu, J. ; Wu, Xiao ; Wu, Y. ; Xi, B. ; Xiao, Z.G. ; Xie, W. ; Xu, H. ; Xu, N. ; Xu, Qinghua ; Xu, Y. ; Xu, Y. ; Xu, Z. ; Xu, Z. ; Yan, G. ; Yan, Z. ; Yang, C. ; Yang, Q. ; Yang, S. ; Yang, Y. ; Ye, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Yi, L. ; Yip, K. ; Yu, Y. ; Zha, Wangmei ; Zhang, C. ; Zhang, Dingwei ; Zhang, J. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, X. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Z.J. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhao, F. ; Zhao, J. ; Zhao, M. ; Zhou, C. ; Zhou, J. ; Zhou, S. ; Zhou, Y. ; Zhu, X. ; Żurek, Maria Katarzyna ; Zyzak, Maksym
The linear and mode-coupled contributions to higher-order anisotropic flow are presented for Au+Au collisions at √sN N = 27, 39, 54.4, and 200 GeV and compared to similar measurements for Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The coefficients and the flow harmonics’ correlations, which characterize the linear and mode-coupled response to the lower-order anisotropies, indicate a beam energy dependence consistent with an influence from the specific shear viscosity (η/s). In contrast, the dimensionless coefficients, mode-coupled response coefficients, and normalized symmetric cumulants are approximately beam-energy independent, consistent with a significant role from initialstate effects. These measurements could provide unique supplemental constraints to (i) distinguish between different initial-state models and (ii) delineate the temperature (T ) and baryon chemical potential (μB ) dependence of the specific shear viscosity η s (T ,μB ).
Di-hadron correlations with identified leading hadrons in 200 GeV Au+Au and d+Au collisions at STAR
(2015)
Adamczyk, Leszek ; Adkins, J. Kevin ; Agakishiev, Geydar ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Alekseev, Igor G. ; Aparin, Alexey ; Arkhipkin, Dmitry A. ; Aschenauer, Elke Caroline ; Averichev, Georgy S. ; Bai, X. ; Bairathi, Vipul ; Banerjee, A. ; Bellwied, Rene ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bhati, Ashok Kumar ; Bhattarai, P. ; Bielčík, Jaroslav ; Bielčíková, Jana ; Bland, Leslie C. ; Bordyuzhin, Igor G. ; Bouchet, J. ; Brandenburg, D. ; Brandin, Andrei V. ; Bunzarov, Ivan ; Butterworth, Joseph ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, Manuel ; Campbell, J.M. ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Cervantes, M.C. ; Chakaberia, Irakli ; Chaloupka, Petr ; Chang, Z. ; Chattopadhyay, S. ; Chen, X. ; Chen, J.H. ; Cheng, J. ; Cherney, Michael Gerard ; Christie, William ; Contin, Giacomo ; Crawford, Henry J. ; Das, Supriya ; De Silva, L.C. ; Debbe, R.R. ; Dedovič, Tatiana G. ; Deng, J. ; Derevschikov, Anatoly A. ; di Ruzza, Benedetto ; Didenko, Lidia ; Dilks, Christopher ; Dong, X. ; Drachenberg, James Lucus ; Draper, James E. ; Du, C.M. ; Dunkelberger, L.E. ; Dunlop, James C. ; Efimov, Leonid G. ; Engelage, Jon M. ; Eppley, Geary Wareham ; Esha, Roli ; Evdokimov, Olga Y. ; Eyser, Kjeld Oleg ; Fatemi, Renee H. ; Fazio, Salvatore ; Federič, Pavol ; Fedorišin, Jan ; Feng, Z. ; Filip, Peter ; Fisyak, Yuri V. ; Flores, C.E. ; Fulek, Łukasz ; Gagliardi, Carl A. ; Garand, D. ; Geurts, Frank ; Gibson, Adam ; Girard, M. ; Greiner, Leo Clifford ; Grosnick, David P. ; Gunarathne, D.S. ; Guo, Y. ; Gupta, S. ; Gupta, Anik ; Guryn, Włodzimierz ; Hamad, Ayman ; Hamed, Ahmed M. ; Haque, R. ; Harris, John W. ; He, L. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Heppelmann, S. ; Hirsch, Andrew S. ; Hoffmann, Gerald W. ; Hofman, D.J. ; Horvat, S. ; Huang, T. ; Huang, Bingchu ; Huang, Huan Zhong ; Huang, X. ; Huck, P. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Igo, George J. ; Jacobs, William W. ; Jang, H. ; Jia, Jiangyong ; Jiang, K. ; Judd, Eleanor G. ; Kabana, Sonia ; Kalinkin, Dmitry ; Kang, K. ; Kauder, Kolja ; Ke, Hongwei ; Keane, Declan ; Kechechyan, Armen ; Khan, Z.H. ; Kikoła, Daniel P. ; Kisiel, Adam Ryszard ; Kočenda, L. M. ; Koetke, Donald D. ; Kosarzewski, Leszek Krzysztof ; Kraishan, A.F. ; Kravtsov, Peter ; Krueger, Keith William ; Kumar, Lokesh ; Lamont, Matthew A. C. ; Landgraf, Jeffery M. ; Landry, K.D. ; Lauret, Jerome ; Lebedev, Alexei ; Lednicky, Richard ; Lee, J.H. ; Li, X. ; Li, W. ; Li, Z.M. ; Li, Y. ; Li, C. ; Li, X. ; Lisa, Michael A. ; Liu, F. ; Ljubicic, Tonko A. ; Llope, William Joseph ; Lomnitz, M. ; Longacre, Ronald S. ; Luo, X. ; Ma, G.L. ; Ma, Yu-Gang ; Ma, R. ; Ma, L. ; Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, Niseem ; Majka, Richard Daniel ; Manion, A. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Masui, H. ; Matis, Howard S. ; McDonald, Daniel ; Meehan, K. ; Mei, J.C. ; Minaev, Nikolai G. ; Mioduszewski, Saskia ; Mishra, Debadeepti ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Mouli, Mriganka Mouli ; Morozov, Dmitry A. ; Mustafa, M.K. ; Nandi, Basanta Kumar ; Nasim, Md. ; Nayak, Tapan Kumar ; Nigmatkulov, Grigory A. ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nogach, Larisa V. ; Noh, S.Y. ; Novak, J. ; Nurušev, Sandibek B. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Ogawa, Akio ; Oh, K. ; Okorokov, Vitaly A. ; Olvitt, D. ; Page, Brian S. ; Pak, Robert ; Pan, Y.X. ; Pandit, Y. ; Panebratsev, Yuri ; Pawlik, Bogdan ; Pei, Hua ; Perkins, Chris ; Peterson, A. ; Pile, P. ; Pluta, Jan Marian ; Poniatowska, K. ; Porter, Jeffrey Brent ; Posik, Matthew ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Pruthi, Navneet Kumar ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Qiu, H. ; Quintero, Amilkar ; Ramachandran, Suvarna ; Raniwala, Rashmi ; Raniwala, Sudhir ; Ray, Robert L. ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Roberts, Jabus B. ; Rogačevskij, Oleg V. ; Romero, Juan L. ; Roy, Ankhi ; Ruan, L. ; Rusnak, Jan ; Rusnakova, O. ; Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan ; Sahu, Pradip Kumar ; Sakrejda, Iwona ; Salur, Sevil ; Sandweiss, Jack H. ; Sarkar, Amal ; Schambach, Joachim ; Scharenberg, Rolf Paul ; Schmah, Alexander ; Schmidke, William B. ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seger, Janet Elizabeth ; Seyboth, Peter ; Shah, N. ; Shahaliev, Ehtiram ; Shanmuganathan, Prashanth V. ; Shao, M. ; Sharma, B. ; Sharma, M.K. ; Shen, W.Q. ; Shi, Shusu ; Shou, Q.Y. ; Sichtermann, Ernst P. ; Sikora, Rafał ; Šimko, Miroslav ; Singha, Subhash ; Skoby, Michael J. ; Smirnov, Nikolai ; Smirnov, Dmitri V. ; Song, L. ; Sorensen, Paul Richard ; Spinka, Harold. M. ; Srivastava, B. ; Stanislaus, T. D. Shirvel ; Stepanov, M. ; Strichanov, Michail Nikolaevič ; Stringfellow, Blair ; Šumbera, Michal ; Summa, Branden ; Sun, Y. ; Sun, Z. ; Sun, X.M. ; Sun, X. ; Surrow, Bernd ; Svirida, Dmitry N. ; Szelezniak, M.A. ; Tang, Aihong ; Tang, Zebo ; Tarnowsky, Terence J. ; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser ; Thomas, James H. ; Timmins, Anthony Robert ; Tlusty, David ; Todoroki, Takahito ; Tokarev, Mikhail V. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Tribble, Robert E. ; Tribedy, Prithwish ; Tripathy, Srikanta Kumar ; Tsai, Oleg D. ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Underwood, David G. ; Upsal, Isaac ; Van Buren, Gene ; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. ; Vandenbroucke, M. ; Varma, Raghava ; Vasiliev, Alexander Nikolaevich ; Vértesi, Róbert ; Videbæk, Flemming ; Viyogi, Yogendra P. ; Vokal, Stanislav ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Vossen, A. ; Wang, J.S. ; Wang, F. ; Wang, H. ; Wang, G. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Webb, Grant ; Webb, Jason C. ; Wen, L. ; Westfall, Gary D. ; Wieman, Howard ; Wissink, Scott W. ; Witt, Richard ; Wu, Y.F. ; Wu ; Xiao, Z.G. ; Xie, W. ; Xin, K. ; Xu, H. ; Xu, Z. ; Xu, Qinghua ; Xu, Y.F. ; Xu, N. ; Yang, S. ; Yang, Y. ; Yang, Q. ; Yang, Y. ; Yang, C. ; Yang, Y. ; Ye, Z. ; Ye, Z. ; Yepes, Pablo P. ; Yi, L. ; Yip, K. ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Yu, N. ; Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina ; Zha, Wangmei ; Zhang, Y. ; Zhang, Z. ; Zhang, J.B. ; Zhang, J. ; Zhang, X.P. ; Zhang, S. ; Zhang, J. ; Zhao, J. ; Zhong, C. ; Zhou, L. ; Zhu, X. ; Zoulkarneeva, Youlia
The STAR collaboration presents for the first time two-dimensional di-hadron correlations with identified leading hadrons in 200 GeV central Au+Au and minimum-bias d+Au collisions to explore hadronization mechanisms in the quark gluon plasma. The enhancement of the jet-like yield for leading pions in Au+Au data with respect to the d+Au reference and the absence of such an enhancement for leading non-pions (protons and kaons) are discussed within the context of a quark recombination scenario. The correlated yield at large angles, specifically in the \emph{ridge region}, is found to be significantly higher for leading non-pions than pions. The consistencies of the constituent quark scaling, azimuthal harmonic model and a mini-jet modification model description of the data are tested, providing further constraints on hadronization.