This inventory intends to provide updated numbers of vascular plants occurring in Cyprus. Currently, 1649 indigenous taxa (species and subspecies) are known to occur in Cyprus. In addition 254 taxa belong to various categories of neophytes. The endemism rate of the indigenous flora amounts to 8.55 %, i. e. 141 taxa, while 33 species and subspecies belong to the category of near-endemic for which Cyprus bears significant responsibility for their conservation.