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Aims: Systemic inflammatory response, identified by increased total leucocyte counts, was shown to be a strong predictor of mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Yet the mechanisms of inflammation-associated poor outcome after TAVI are unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed at investigating individual inflammatory signatures and functional heterogeneity of circulating myeloid and T-lymphocyte subsets and their impact on 1 year survival in a single-centre cohort of patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI. Methods and results: One hundred twenty-nine consecutive patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis admitted for transfemoral TAVI were included. Blood samples were obtained at baseline, immediately after, and 24 h and 3 days after TAVI, and these were analysed for inflammatory and cardiac biomarkers. Myeloid and T-lymphocyte subsets were measured using flow cytometry. The inflammatory parameters were first analysed as continuous variables; and in case of association with outcome and area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) ≥ 0.6, the values were dichotomized using optimal cut-off points. Several baseline inflammatory parameters, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP; HR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.15–1.63; P < 0.0001) and IL-6 (HR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.03; P = 0.003), lower counts of Th2 (HR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91–0.99; P = 0.009), and increased percentages of Th17 cells (HR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02–1.38; P = 0.024) were associated with 12 month all-cause mortality. Among postprocedural parameters, only increased post-TAVI counts of non-classical monocytes immediately after TAVI were predictive of outcome (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.05; P = 0.003). The occurrence of SIRS criteria within 48 h post-TAVI showed no significant association with 12 month mortality (HR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.13–2.43, P = 0.45). In multivariate analysis of discrete or dichotomized clinical and inflammatory variables, the presence of diabetes mellitus (HR = 3.50; 95% CI: 1.42–8.62; P = 0.006), low left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (HR = 3.16; 95% CI: 1.35–7.39; P = 0.008), increased baseline hsCRP (HR = 5.22; 95% CI: 2.09–13.01; P < 0.0001), and low baseline Th2 cell counts (HR = 8.83; 95% CI: 3.02–25.80) were significant predictors of death. The prognostic value of the linear prediction score calculated of these parameters was superior to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (AUC: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78–0.99 vs. 0.75; 95% CI: 0.64–0.86, respectively; P = 0.036). Finally, when analysing LV remodelling outcomes, ROC curve analysis revealed that low numbers of Tregs (P = 0.017; AUC: 0.69) and increased Th17/Treg ratio (P = 0.012; AUC: 0.70) were predictive of adverse remodelling after TAVI. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate an association of specific pre-existing inflammatory phenotypes with increased mortality and adverse LV remodelling after TAVI. Distinct monocyte and T-cell signatures might provide additive biomarkers to improve pre-procedural risk stratification in patients referred to TAVI for severe aortic stenosis.
Bericht der Arbeitsgruppe Technik zur Vorbereitung des Programms "Retrospektive Digitalisierung von Bibliotheksbeständen" im Förderbereich "Verteilte Digitale Forschungsbibliothek" Arbeitssitzungen am 14. Mai 1996 (Frankfurt a. M.), 29.-30. Juli 1996 (München), 12.-13. Dezember 1996 (Göttingen) Mitglieder der Arbeitsgruppe: Prof. Dr. Rudolf Bayer, Technische Universität München, Fakultät für Informatik Dr. Jürgen Bunzel, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn Dr. Marianne Dörr, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München Dr. Reinhard Ecker, Beilstein-Institut bzw. ABC Datenservice GmbH, Frankfurt/Main Dipl.-Math. Heinz-Werner Hoffmann, Hochschulbibliothekszentrum NRW, Köln (als Gast für die AG der Verbundsysteme) Dr. Norbert Lossau, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen (DFG-Projekt ‘Verteilte Digitale Forschungsbibliothek’) Prof. Dr. Elmar Mittler, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen Dipl.-Inf. Christian Mönch, FB Informatik der J.W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Dr. Wilhelm R. Schmidt, Stadt- und Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt Dr. Hartmut Weber, Landesarchivdirektion, Stuttgart
Non-standard errors
(2021)
In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in sample estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty: non-standard errors. To study them, we let 164 teams test six hypotheses on the same sample. We find that non-standard errors are sizeable, on par with standard errors. Their size (i) co-varies only weakly with team merits, reproducibility, or peer rating, (ii) declines significantly after peer-feedback, and (iii) is underestimated by participants.
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is the most common B-cell lymphoma in children. Within the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), we performed whole genome and transcriptome sequencing of 39 sporadic BL. Here, we unravel interaction of structural, mutational, and transcriptional changes, which contribute to MYC oncogene dysregulation together with the pathognomonic IG-MYC translocation. Moreover, by mapping IGH translocation breakpoints, we provide evidence that the precursor of at least a subset of BL is a B-cell poised to express IGHA. We describe the landscape of mutations, structural variants, and mutational processes, and identified a series of driver genes in the pathogenesis of BL, which can be targeted by various mechanisms, including IG-non MYC translocations, germline and somatic mutations, fusion transcripts, and alternative splicing.
We report a high precision measurement of the transverse single spin asymmetry AN at the center of mass energy √s=200 GeV in elastic proton–proton scattering by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The AN was measured in the four-momentum transfer squared t range 0.003⩽|t|⩽0.035 (GeV/c)2, the region of a significant interference between the electromagnetic and hadronic scattering amplitudes. The measured values of AN and its t-dependence are consistent with a vanishing hadronic spin-flip amplitude, thus providing strong constraints on the ratio of the single spin-flip to the non-flip amplitudes. Since the hadronic amplitude is dominated by the Pomeron amplitude at this √s, we conclude that this measurement addresses the question about the presence of a hadronic spin flip due to the Pomeron exchange in polarized proton–proton elastic scattering.
We present the first measurements of charge-dependent correlations on angular difference variables η1 − η2 (pseudorapidity) and φ1 − φ2 (azimuth) for primary charged hadrons with transverse momentum 0.15 <= pt <= 2 GeV/c and |η| <= 1.3 from Au–Au collisions at √sNN = 130 GeV. We observe correlation structures not predicted by theory but consistent with evolution of hadron emission geometry with increasing centrality from one-dimensional fragmentation of color strings along the beam direction to an at least two-dimensional hadronization geometry along the beam and azimuth directions of a hadron-opaque bulk medium.