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We report new measurements of the branching fraction ℬ(𝐷+𝑠→ℓ+𝜈), where ℓ+ is either 𝜇+ or 𝜏+(→𝜋+¯𝜈𝜏), based on 6.32 fb−1 of electron-positron annihilation data collected by the BESIII experiment at six center-of-mass energy points between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV. Simultaneously floating the 𝐷+𝑠→𝜇+𝜈𝜇 and 𝐷+𝑠→𝜏+𝜈𝜏 components yields ℬ(𝐷+𝑠→𝜏+𝜈𝜏)=(5.21±0.25±0.17)×10−2, ℬ(𝐷+𝑠→𝜇+𝜈𝜇)=(5.35±0.13±0.16)×10−3, and the ratio of decay widths 𝑅=Γ(𝐷+𝑠→𝜏+𝜈𝜏)Γ(𝐷+𝑠→𝜇+𝜈𝜇)=9.73+0.61−0.58±0.36, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. No evidence of 𝐶𝑃 asymmetry is observed in the decay rates 𝐷±𝑠→𝜇±𝜈𝜇 and 𝐷±𝑠→𝜏±𝜈𝜏: 𝐴𝐶𝑃(𝜇±𝜈)=(−1.2±2.5±1.0)% and 𝐴𝐶𝑃(𝜏±𝜈)=(+2.9±4.8±1.0)%. Constraining our measurement to the Standard Model expectation of lepton universality (𝑅=9.75), we find the more precise results ℬ(𝐷+𝑠→𝜏+𝜈𝜏)=(5.22±0.10±0.14)×10−2 and 𝐴𝐶𝑃(𝜏±𝜈𝜏)=(−0.1±1.9±1.0)%. Combining our results with inputs external to our analysis, we determine the 𝑐→¯𝑠 quark mixing matrix element, 𝐷+𝑠 decay constant, and ratio of the decay constants to be |𝑉𝑐𝑠|=0.973±0.009±0.014, 𝑓𝐷+𝑠=249.9±2.4±3.5 MeV, and 𝑓𝐷+𝑠/𝑓𝐷+=1.232±0.035, respectively.
Though immensely successful, the standard model of particle physics does not offer any explanation as to why our Universe contains so much more matter than antimatter. A key to a dynamically generated matter–antimatter asymmetry is the existence of processes that violate the combined charge conjugation and parity (CP) symmetry1. As such, precision tests of CP symmetry may be used to search for physics beyond the standard model. However, hadrons decay through an interplay of strong and weak processes, quantified in terms of relative phases between the amplitudes. Although previous experiments constructed CP observables that depend on both strong and weak phases, we present an approach where sequential two-body decays of entangled multi-strange baryon–antibaryon pairs provide a separation between these phases. Our method, exploiting spin entanglement between the double-strange Ξ− baryon and its antiparticle2 Ξ¯+
, has enabled a direct determination of the weak-phase difference, (ξP − ξS) = (1.2 ± 3.4 ± 0.8) × 10−2 rad. Furthermore, three independent CP observables can be constructed from our measured parameters. The precision in the estimated parameters for a given data sample size is several orders of magnitude greater than achieved with previous methods3. Finally, we provide an independent measurement of the recently debated Λ decay parameter αΛ (refs. 4,5). The ΛΛ¯
asymmetry is in agreement with and compatible in precision to the most precise previous measurement.
Based on electron-positron collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider II storage rings, the value of R≡σ(e+e−→hadrons)/σ(e+e−→μ+μ−) is measured at 14 center-of-mass energies from 2.2324 to 3.6710 GeV. The resulting uncertainties are less than 3.0%, and are dominated by systematic uncertainties.
Based on 3.19 fb−1 of e+e− collision data accumulated at the center-of-mass energy 4.178 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, the electromagnetic Dalitz decay D∗0→D0e+e− is observed for the first time with a statistical significance of 13.2σ. The ratio of the branching fraction of D∗0→D0e+e− to that of D∗0→D0γ is measured to be (11.08±0.76±0.49)×10−3. By using the world average value of the branching fraction of D∗0→D0γ, the branching fraction of D∗0→D0e+e− is determined to be (3.91±0.27±0.17±0.10)×10−3, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third external branching fractions.
Using 6.32 fb−1 of 𝑒+𝑒− collision data collected by the BESIII detector at the center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV, an amplitude analysis of the 𝐷+𝑠→𝐾0𝑆𝐾−𝜋+𝜋+ decays is performed for the first time to determine the intermediate-resonant contributions. The dominant component is the 𝐷+𝑠→𝐾*(892)+¯𝐾*(892)0 decay with a fraction of (40.6±2.9stat±4.9sys)%. Our results of the amplitude analysis are used to obtain a more precise measurement of the branching fraction of the 𝐷+𝑠→𝐾0𝑆𝐾−𝜋+𝜋+ decay, which is determined to be (1.46±0.05stat±0.05sys)%.
We measure the inclusive semielectronic decay branching fraction of the D+s meson. A double-tag technique is applied to e+e− annihilation data collected by the BESIII experiment at the BEPCII collider, operating in the center-of-mass energy range 4.178–4.230 GeV. We select positrons fromD+s→Xe+νe with momenta greater than 200 MeV/c and determine the laboratory momentum spectrum, accounting for the effects of detector efficiency and resolution. The total positron yield and semielectronic branching fraction are determined by extrapolating this spectrum below the momentum cutoff. We measure the D+s semielectronic branching fraction to be(6.30±0.13(stat.)±0.09(syst.)±0.04(ext.))%, showing no evidence for unobserved exclusive semielectronic modes. We combine this result with external data taken from literature to determine the ratio of the D+s and D0 semielectronic widths, Γ(D+s→Xe+νe)Γ(D0→Xe+νe)=0.790±0.016(stat.)±0.011(syst.)±0.016(ext.). Our results are consistent with and more precise than previous measurements.
By analyzing 6.32 fb − 1 of e+ e− annihilation data collected at the center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV with the BESIII detector, we determine the branching fraction of the leptonic decay D + s → τ + ντ, with τ+ → π + π0¯ντ, to be B D + s → τ + ν τ = (5.29 ± 0.25 stat ± 0.20 syst) %. We estimate the product of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |Vcs|and the D + s decay constant f D + s to be f D + s|Vcs| = (244.8 ± 5.8 stat ± 4.8syst) MeV, using the known values of the τ + and D + s masses as well as the D + s lifetime, together with our branching fraction measurement. Combining the value of |Vcs| obtained from a global fit in the standard model and f D + s from lattice quantum chromodynamics, we obtain f D + s = (251.6 ± 5.9 stat ± 4.9syst) MeV and |Vcs| = 0.980 ± 0.023 stat ± 0.019 syst. Using the branching fraction of B D + s → μ + νμ = (5.35±0.21)×10−3, we obtain the ratio of the branching fractions B D + s → τ + ντ/B D +s → μ+νμ = 9.89±0.71, which is consistent with the standard model prediction of lepton flavor universality.
Using 2.93 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, we measure the absolute branching fractions of the decays D0→K−e+νe and D+→K¯0e+νe to be (3.567±0.031stat±0.025syst)% and (8.68±0.14stat±0.16syst)%, respectively. Starting with the process e+e−→DD¯, a new reconstruction method is employed to select events that contain candidates for both D→K¯e+νe and D¯→Ke−ν¯e decays. The branching fractions reported in this work are consistent within uncertainties with previous BESIII measurements that selected events containing D→K¯e+νe and hadronic D¯ decays. Combining our results with the lifetimes of the D0 and D+ mesons and the previous BESIII measurements leads to a ratio of the two decay partial widths of Γ¯D0→K−e+νeΓ¯D+→K¯0e+νe=1.039±0.021. This ratio supports isospin symmetry in the D0→K−e+νe and D+→K¯0e+νe decays within 1.9σ.
Using a data sample of 4.481×108 𝜓(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, we report the first observation of the four-lepton-decays 𝐽/𝜓→𝑒+𝑒−𝑒+𝑒− and 𝐽/𝜓→𝑒+𝑒−𝜇+𝜇− utilizing the process 𝜓(3686)→𝜋+𝜋−𝐽/𝜓. The branching fractions are determined to be [5.48±0.31(stat)±0.45(syst)]×10−5 and [3.53±0.22(stat)±0.13(syst)]×10−5, respectively. The results are consistent with theoretical predictions. No significant signal is observed for 𝐽/𝜓→𝜇+𝜇−𝜇+𝜇−, and an upper limit on the branching fraction is set at 1.6×10−6 at the 90% confidence level. A 𝐶𝑃 asymmetry observable is constructed for the first two channels, which is measured to be (−0.012±0.054±0.010) and (0.062±0.059±0.006), respectively. No evidence for 𝐶𝑃 violation is observed in this process.
A search for the charged lepton flavor violating decay 𝐽/𝜓→𝑒±𝜏∓ with 𝜏∓→𝜋∓𝜋0𝜈𝜏 is performed with about 10×109 𝐽/𝜓 events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII. No significant signal is observed, and an upper limit is set on the branching fraction ℬ(𝐽/𝜓→𝑒±𝜏∓)<7.5×10−8 at the 90% confidence level. This improves the previously published limit by two orders of magnitude.