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- Cancer genomics (1)
- Circadian (1)
Bauer, Michael ; Glenn, Tasha ; Achtyes, Eric D. ; Agaoglu, Esen ; Altınbaş, Kürşat ; Andreassen, Ole A. ; Angelopoulos, Elias ; Ardau, Raffaella ; Arrua Vares, Edgar ; Aydin, Memduha ; Ayhan, Yavuz ; Baethge, Christopher Jan ; Bauer, Rita ; Baune, Bernhard T. ; Balaban, Ceylan ; Becerra-Palars, Claudia ; Behere, Aniruddh P. ; Behere, Prakash B. ; Belete, Habte ; Belete, Tilahun ; Belizario, Gabriel Okawa ; Bellivier, Frank ; Belmaker, Robert H. ; Benedetti, Francesco ; Berk, Michael ; Bersudsky, Yuly ; Bicakci, Şule ; Birabwa-Oketcho, Harriet ; Bjella, Thomas D. ; Brady, Conan ; Cabrera, Jorge ; Cappucciati, Marco ; Castro, Angela Marianne Paredes ; Chen, Wei-Ling ; Cheung, Eric Y. Wo ; Chiesa, Silvia ; Crowe, Marie ; Cuomo, Alessandro ; Dallaspezia, Sara ; Del Zompo, Maria ; Desai, Pratikkumar ; Dodd, Seetal ; Donix, Markus ; Etain, Bruno ; Fagiolini, Andrea ; Fellendorf, Frederike T. ; Ferensztajn-Rochowiak, Ewa ; Fiedorowicz, Jess G. ; Fountoulakis, Kostas N. ; Frye, Mark A. ; Geoffroy, Pierre A. ; Gonzalez-Pinto, Ana ; Gottlieb, John F. ; Grof, Paul ; Haarman, Bartholomeus C. M. ; Harima, Hirohiko ; Hasse-Sousa, Mathias ; Henry, Chantal ; Høffding, Lone ; Houenou, Josselin ; Imbesi, Massimiliano ; Isometsä, Erkki T. ; Ivkovic, Maja ; Janno, Sven ; Johnsen, Simon ; Kapczinski, Flávio ; Karakatsoulis, Gregory N. ; Kardell, Mathias ; Kessing, Lars Vedel ; Kim, Seong Jae ; König, Barbara ; Kot, Timur L. ; Koval, Michael ; Kunz, Mauricio ; Lafer, Beny ; Landén, Mikael ; Larsen, Erik R. ; Lenger, Melanie ; Lewitzka, Ute ; Licht, Rasmus W. ; Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos ; MacKenzie, Alan ; Madsen, Helle Østergaard ; Madsen, Simone Alberte Kongstad A. ; Mahadevan, Jayant ; Mahardika, Agustine ; Manchia, Mirko ; Marsh, Wendy ; Martinez-Cengotitabengoa, Monica ; Martiny, Klaus ; Mashima, Yuki ; McLoughlin, Declan M. ; Meesters, Ybe ; Melle, Ingrid ; Meza-Urzúa, Fátima ; Ming, Mok Yee ; Monteith, Scott ; Moorthy, Muthukumaran ; Morken, Gunnar ; Mosca, Enrica ; Mozzhegorov, Anton A. ; Munoz, Rodrigo ; Mythri, Starlin V. ; Nacef, Fethi ; Nadella, Ravi K. ; Nakanotani, Takako ; Nielsen, René Ernst ; O‘Donovan, Claire ; Omrani, Adel ; Osher, Yamima ; Ouali, Uta ; Pantovic-Stefanovic, Maja ; Pariwatcharakul, Pornjira ; Petite, Joanne ; Pfennig, Andrea ; Pica Ruiz, Yolanda ; Pilhatsch, Maximilian ; Pinna, Marco ; Pompili, Maurizio ; Porter, Richard ; Quiroz, Danilo ; Rabelo-da-Ponte, Francisco Diego ; Ramesar, Raj ; Rasgon, Natalie ; Ratta-apha, Woraphat ; Ratzenhofer, Michaela ; Redahan, Maria ; Reddy, M. S. ; Reif, Andreas ; Reininghaus, Eva Z. ; Richards, Jenny Gringer ; Ritter, Philipp ; Rybakowski, Janusz K. ; Sathyaputri, Leela ; Scippa, Ângela M. ; Simhandl, Christian ; Severus, Emanuel ; Smith, Daniel ; Smith, José ; Stackhouse Jr., Paul W. ; Stein, Dan J. ; Stilwell, Kellen ; Strejilevich, Sergio ; Su, Kuan-Pin ; Subramaniam, Mythily ; Sulaiman, Ahmad Hatim ; Suominen, Kirsi ; Tanra, Andi J. ; Tatebayashi, Yoshitaka ; Teh, Wen Lin ; Tondo, Leonardo ; Torrent, Carla ; Tuinstra, Daniel ; Uchida, Takahito ; Vaaler, Arne E. ; Veeh, Julia ; Vieta, Eduard ; Viswanath, Biju ; Yoldi-Negrete, Maria ; Yalcinkaya, Oguz Kaan ; Young, Allan H. ; Zgueb, Yosra ; Whybrow, Peter C.
Background: Bipolar disorder is associated with circadian disruption and a high risk of suicidal behavior. In a previous exploratory study of patients with bipolar I disorder, we found that a history of suicide attempts was associated with differences between winter and summer levels of solar insolation. The purpose of this study was to confirm this finding using international data from 42% more collection sites and 25% more countries. Methods: Data analyzed were from 71 prior and new collection sites in 40 countries at a wide range of latitudes. The analysis included 4876 patients with bipolar I disorder, 45% more data than previously analyzed. Of the patients, 1496 (30.7%) had a history of suicide attempt. Solar insolation data, the amount of the sun’s electromagnetic energy striking the surface of the earth, was obtained for each onset location (479 locations in 64 countries). Results: This analysis confirmed the results of the exploratory study with the same best model and slightly better statistical significance. There was a significant inverse association between a history of suicide attempts and the ratio of mean winter insolation to mean summer insolation (mean winter insolation/mean summer insolation). This ratio is largest near the equator which has little change in solar insolation over the year, and smallest near the poles where the winter insolation is very small compared to the summer insolation. Other variables in the model associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts were a history of alcohol or substance abuse, female gender, and younger birth cohort. The winter/summer insolation ratio was also replaced with the ratio of minimum mean monthly insolation to the maximum mean monthly insolation to accommodate insolation patterns in the tropics, and nearly identical results were found. All estimated coefficients were significant at p < 0.01. Conclusion: A large change in solar insolation, both between winter and summer and between the minimum and maximum monthly values, may increase the risk of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder. With frequent circadian rhythm dysfunction and suicidal behavior in bipolar disorder, greater understanding of the optimal roles of daylight and electric lighting in circadian entrainment is needed.
Mapping cortical brain asymmetry in 17,141 healthy individuals worldwide via the ENIGMA Consortium
(2017)
Kong, Xiang-Zhen ; Mathias, Samuel R. ; Guadalupe, Tulio ; Abé, Christoph ; Agartz, Ingrid ; Akudjedu, Theophilus N. ; Andre, Aleman ; Saud, Alhusaini ; Allen, Nicholas B. ; Ames, David ; Andreassen, Ole A. ; Arias Vasquez, Alejandro ; Armstrong, Nicola J. ; Bergo, Felipe ; Bastin, Mark E. ; Batalla, Albert ; Bauer, Jochen ; Baune, Bernhard T ; Baur, Ramona ; Biederman, Joseph ; Blaine, Sara K. ; Boedhoe, Premika ; Bøen, Erlend ; Bose, Anushree ; Bralten, Janita ; Brandeis, Daniel ; Brem, Silvia ; Brodaty, Henry ; Bröhl, Henrieke ; Brooks, Samantha J. ; Buitelaar, Jan K. ; Bürger, Christian ; Bülow, Robin ; Calhoun, Vince D. ; Calvo, Anna ; Canales-Rodrı́guez, Erick Jorge ; Canive, Jose M. ; Cannon, Dara M. ; Caparelli, Elisabeth C. ; Castellanos, Francisco X. ; Cavalleri, Gianpiero L. ; Cendes, Fernando ; Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany Moukbel ; Chantiluke, Kaylita ; Chen, Qun-lin ; Chen, Xiayu ; Cheng, Yuqi ; Christakou, Anastasia ; Clark, Vincent P. ; Coghill, David ; Connolly, Colm G. ; Conzelmann, Annette ; Cόrdova-Palomera, Aldo ; Cousijn, Janna ; Crow, Tim ; Cubillo, Ana ; Dannlowski, Udo ; de Bruttopilo, Sara Ambrosino ; Zeeuw, Patrick de ; Deary, Ian J. ; Delanty, Norman ; Demeter, Damion V. ; Di Martino, Adriana ; Dickie, Erin W ; Dietsche, Bruno ; Doan, N. Trung ; Doherty, Colin P. ; Doyle, Alysa ; Durston, Sarah ; Earl, Eric ; Ehrlich, Stefan ; Ekman, Carl Johan ; Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn ; Epstein, Jeffery N. ; Fair, Damien A. ; Faraone, Stephen V. ; Fatouros-Bergman, Helena ; Fernndez, Guillen ; Busatto Filho, Geraldo ; Flyckt, Lena ; Forster, Katharina ; Jean-Paul, Fouche ; Foxe, John J. ; Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola ; Fullerton, Janice ; Garavan, Hugh ; Garcia, Danielle do Santos ; Gotlib, Ian H. ; Goudriaan, Anna E. ; Grabe, Hans Jörgen ; Groenewold, Nynke A. ; Grotegerd, Dominik ; Gruber, Oliver ; Gurholt, Tiril ; Haavik, Jan ; Hahn, Tim ; Hansell, Narelle K. ; Harris, Mathew A. ; Hartman, Catharina ; Hernandez, Maria del Carmen Valdes ; Heslenfeld, Dirk ; Hester, Robert ; Hibar, Derrek Paul ; Ho, Beng-Choon ; Ho, Tiffany C. ; Hoekstra, Pieter J. ; van Holst, Ruth J. ; Hoogman, Martine ; Hovik, Marie F. ; Howells, Fleur M. ; Hugdahl, Kenneth ; Huyser, Chaim ; Ingvar, Martind ; Irwin, Lourdes ; Ishikawa, Akari ; James, Anthony ; Jahanshad, Neda ; Jernigan, Terry L. ; Jonsson, Erik G ; Kahler, Claas ; Kaleda, Vasily ; Kelly, Clare ; Kerich, Michael ; Keshavan, Matcheri S ; Khadka, Sabin ; Kircher, Tilo ; Kohls, Gregor ; Konrad, Kerstin ; Korucuoglu, Ozlem ; Krämer, Bernd ; Krug, Axel ; Kwon, Jun Soo ; Lambregts-Rommelse, Nanda ; Landen, Mikael ; Lázaro, Luisa ; Lebedeva, Irina ; Lenroot, Rhoshel ; Lesch, Klaus-Peter J. ; Li, Qinqin ; Lim, Kelvin O. ; Liu, Jia ; Lochner, Christine ; London, Edythe D. ; Lonning, Vera ; Lorenzetti, Valentina ; Luciano, Michelle ; Luijten, Maartje ; Lundervold, Astri J. ; Mackey, Scott ; MacMaster, Frank P. ; Maingault, Sophie ; Malpas, Charles B. ; Malt, Ulrik F. ; Mataix-Cols, David ; Martin-Santos, Rocio ; Mayer, Andrew R. ; McCarthy, Hazel ; Mitchell, Philip B. ; Mueller, Bryon A. ; Maniega, Susana Munoz ; Mazoyer, Bernard ; McDonald, Colm ; McLellan, Quinn ; McMahon, Katie L. ; McPhilemy, Genevieve ; Momenan, Reza ; Morales, Angelica M. ; Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C. ; Moreira, José Carlos Vasques ; Nerland, Stener ; Nestor, Liam ; Nigg, Joel T. ; Nordvik, Jan-Egil ; Novotny, Stephanie ; Oberwelland, Eileen ; O’Gorman, Ruth L. ; Oosterlaan, Jaap ; Oranje, Bob ; Orr, Catherine ; Overs, Bronwyn ; Pauli, Paul ; Paulus, Martin ; Plessen, Kerstin ; Polier, Georg von ; Pomarol-Clotet, Edith ; Qiu, Jiang ; Radua, Joaquim ; Ramos-Quiroga, J. Antoni ; Reddy, Y.C. Janardhan ; Reif, Andreas ; Roberts, Gloria ; Rosa, Pedro ; Rubia, Katya ; Sacchet, Matthew D. ; Sachdev, Perminder S. ; Salvador, Raymond ; Schmaal, Lianne ; Schweren, Lisanne ; Seidman, Larry J. ; Seitz, Jochen ; Serpa, Mauricio Henriques ; Shaw, Philip ; Shumskaya, Elena ; Silk, Timothy J. ; Simmons, Alan N. ; Simulionyte, Egle ; Sinha, Rajita ; Sjoerds, Zsuzsika ; Smelror, Runar Elle ; Soliva, Joan Carlos ; Solowij, Nadia ; Sponheim, Scott R. ; Stein, Dan J. ; Stein, Elliot A. ; Stevens, Michael ; Strike, Lachlan T. ; Sudre, Gustavo ; Sui, Jing ; Tamm, Leanne ; Temmingh, Hendrik S. ; Thoma, Robert J. ; Tomyshev, Alexander S. ; Tronchin, Giulia ; Turner, Jessica A. ; Uhlmann, Anne ; van Erp, Theo G.M. ; van den Heuvel, Odile ; van der Meer, Dennis ; Eijk, Liza van ; Vance, Alasdair ; Veer, Ilya M. ; Veltman, Dick J. ; Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan ; Vilarroya, Oscar ; Vives-Gilabert, Yolanda ; Voineskos, Aristotle N. ; Völzke, Henry ; Vuletic, Daniella ; Walitza, Susanne ; Walter, Henrik ; Walton, Esther ; Wardlaw, Joanna M. ; Wen, Wei ; Westlye, Lars T. ; Whelan, Christopher D. ; White, Tonya ; Wiers, Reinout W. ; Wright, Margaret J. ; Wittfeld, Katharina ; Yang, Tony T. ; Yasuda, Clarissa L. ; Yoncheva, Yuliya ; Yucel, Murat ; Yun, Je-Yeon ; Zanetti, Marcus Vinicius ; Zhen, Zonglei ; Zhu, Xing-xing ; Ziegler, Georg Christoph ; Zierhut, Kathrin ; De Zubicaray, Greig ; Zwiers, Marcel P. ; Glahn, David C. ; Franke, Barbara ; Crivello, Fabrice ; Tzourio-Mazoyer, Nathalie ; Fisher, Simon E. ; Thompson, Paul M. ; Francks, Clyde ; Farde, Lars ; Engberg, Goran ; Erhardt, Sophie ; Cervenka, Simon ; Schwieler, Lilly ; Piehl, Fredrik ; Collste, Karin ; Victorsson, Pauliina ; Malmqvist, Anna ; Hedberg, Mikael ; Orhan, Funda
Wagner, Robert ; Yan, Chao ; Lehtipalo, Katrianne ; Duplissy, Jonathan ; Nieminen, Tuomo ; Kangasluoma, Juha ; Ahonen, Lauri R. ; Dada, Lubna ; Kontkanen, Jenni ; Manninen, Hanna Elina ; Dias, Antonio ; Amorim, Antonio ; Bauer, Paulus Salomon ; Bergen, Anton ; Bernhammer, Anne-Kathrin ; Bianchi, Federico ; Brilke, Sophia ; Buenrostro Mazon, Stephany ; Chen, Xuemeng ; Draper, Danielle C. ; Fischer, Lukas ; Frege, Carla ; Fuchs, Claudia ; Garmash, Olga ; Gordon, Hamish ; Hakala, Jani ; Heikkinen, Liine ; Heinritzi, Martin ; Hofbauer, Victoria ; Hoyle, Christopher Robert ; Kirkby, Jasper ; Kürten, Christoph Andreas ; Kvashnin, Alexander N. ; Laurila, Tiia ; Lawler, Michael Joseph ; Mai, Huajun ; Makhmutov, Vladimir ; Mauldin, Roy Lee ; Molteni, Ugo ; Nichman, Leonid ; Nie, Wei ; Ojdanic, Andrea ; Onnela, Antti ; Piel, Felix ; Quéléver, Lauriane L. J. ; Rissanen, Matti P. ; Sarnela, Nina ; Schallhart, Simon ; Sengupta, Kamalika ; Simon, Mario ; Stolzenburg, Dominik ; Stozhkov, Yuri ; Tröstl, Jasmin ; Viisanen, Yrjö ; Vogel, Alexander L. ; Wagner, Andrea Christine ; Xiao, Mao ; Ye, Penglin ; Baltensperger, Urs ; Curtius, Joachim ; Donahue, Neil McPherson ; Flagan, Richard C. ; Gallagher, Martin William ; Hansel, Armin ; Smith, James N. ; Tomé, Antonio ; Winkler, Paul M. ; Worsnop, Douglas R. ; Ehn, Mikael ; Sipilä, Mikko ; Kerminen, Veli-Matti ; Petäjä, Tuukka ; Kulmala, Markku
The formation of secondary particles in the atmosphere accounts for more than half of global cloud condensation nuclei. Experiments at the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber have underlined the importance of ions for new particle formation, but quantifying their effect in the atmosphere remains challenging. By using a novel instrument setup consisting of two nano-particle counters, one of them equipped with an ion filter, we were able to further investigate the ion-related mechanisms of new particle formation. In autumn 2015, we carried out experiments at CLOUD on four systems of different chemical compositions involving monoterpenes, sulfuric acid, nitrogen oxides, and ammonia. We measured the influence of ions on the nucleation rates under precisely controlled and atmospherically relevant conditions. Our results indicate that ions enhance the nucleation process when the charge is necessary to stabilize newly formed clusters, i.e. in conditions where neutral clusters are unstable. For charged clusters that were formed by ion-induced nucleation, we were able to measure, for the first time, their progressive neutralization due to recombination with oppositely charged ions. A large fraction of the clusters carried a charge at 1.2 nm diameter. However, depending on particle growth rates and ion concentrations, charged clusters were largely neutralized by ion–ion recombination before they grew to 2.2 nm. At this size, more than 90 % of particles were neutral. In other words, particles may originate from ion-induced nucleation, although they are neutral upon detection at diameters larger than 2.2 nm. Observations at Hyytiälä, Finland, showed lower ion concentrations and a lower contribution of ion-induced nucleation than measured at CLOUD under similar conditions. Although this can be partly explained by the observation that ion-induced fractions decrease towards lower ion concentrations, further investigations are needed to resolve the origin of the discrepancy.
Stolzenburg, Dominik ; Fischer, Lukas ; Vogel, Alexander L. ; Heinritzi, Martin ; Schervish, Meredith ; Simon, Mario ; Wagner, Andrea Christine ; Dada, Lubna ; Ahonen, Lauri R. ; Amorim, Antonio ; Baccarini, Andrea ; Bauer, Paulus Salomon ; Baumgartner, Bernhard ; Bergen, Anton ; Bianchi, Federico ; Breitenlechner, Martin ; Brilke, Sophia ; Buenrostro Mazon, Stephany ; Chen, Dexian ; Dias, Antonio ; Draper, Danielle C. ; Duplissy, Jonathan ; El Haddad, Imad ; Finkenzeller, Henning ; Frege, Carla ; Fuchs, Claudia ; Garmash, Olga ; Gordon, Hamish ; He, Xucheng ; Helm, Johanna ; Hofbauer, Victoria ; Hoyle, Christopher Robert ; Kim, Changhyuk ; Kirkby, Jasper ; Kontkanen, Jenni ; Kürten, Christoph Andreas ; Lampilahti, Janne ; Lawler, Michael Joseph ; Lehtipalo, Katrianne ; Leiminger, Markus ; Mai, Huajun ; Mathot, Serge ; Mentler, Bernhard ; Molteni, Ugo ; Nie, Wei ; Nieminen, Tuomo ; Nowak, John B. ; Ojdanic, Andrea ; Onnela, Antti ; Passananti, Monica ; Petäjä, Tuukka ; Quéléver, Lauriane L. J. ; Rissanen, Matti P. ; Sarnela, Nina ; Schallhart, Simon ; Tauber, Christian ; Tomé, Antonio ; Wagner, Robert ; Wang, Mingyi ; Weitz, Lena ; Wimmer, Daniela ; Xiao, Mao ; Yan, Chao ; Ye, Penglin ; Zha, Qiaozhi ; Baltensperger, Urs ; Curtius, Joachim ; Dommen, Josef ; Flagan, Richard C. ; Kulmala, Markku ; Smith, James N. ; Worsnop, Douglas R. ; Hansel, Armin ; Donahue, Neil McPherson ; Winkler, Paul M.
Nucleation and growth of aerosol particles from atmospheric vapors constitutes a major source of global cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). The fraction of newly formed particles that reaches CCN sizes is highly sensitive to particle growth rates, especially for particle sizes <10 nm, where coagulation losses to larger aerosol particles are greatest. Recent results show that some oxidation products from biogenic volatile organic compounds are major contributors to particle formation and initial growth. However, whether oxidized organics contribute to particle growth over the broad span of tropospheric temperatures remains an open question, and quantitative mass balance for organic growth has yet to be demonstrated at any temperature. Here, in experiments performed under atmospheric conditions in the Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets (CLOUD) chamber at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), we show that rapid growth of organic particles occurs over the range from −25 ∘C to 25 ∘C. The lower extent of autoxidation at reduced temperatures is compensated by the decreased volatility of all oxidized molecules. This is confirmed by particle-phase composition measurements, showing enhanced uptake of relatively less oxygenated products at cold temperatures. We can reproduce the measured growth rates using an aerosol growth model based entirely on the experimentally measured gas-phase spectra of oxidized organic molecules obtained from two complementary mass spectrometers. We show that the growth rates are sensitive to particle curvature, explaining widespread atmospheric observations that particle growth rates increase in the single-digit-nanometer size range. Our results demonstrate that organic vapors can contribute to particle growth over a wide range of tropospheric temperatures from molecular cluster sizes onward.
Théry, Clotilde ; Witwer, Kenneth W. ; Aikawa, Elena ; Alcaraz, Maria Jose ; Anderson, Johnathon D. ; Andriantsitohaina, Ramaroson ; Antoniou, Anna ; Arab, Tanina ; Archer, Fabienne ; Atkin-Smith, Georgia K. ; Ayre, D. Craig ; Bach, Jean-Marie ; Bachurski, Daniel ; Baharvand, Hossein ; Balaj, Leonora ; Baldacchino, Shawn ; Bauer, Natalie N. ; Baxter, Amy A. ; Bebawy, Mary ; Beckham, Carla ; Zavec, Apolonija Bedina ; Benmoussa, Abderrahim ; Berardi, Anna C. ; Bergese, Paolo ; Bielska, Ewa ; Blenkiron, Cherie ; Bobis-Wozowicz, Sylwia ; Boilard, Eric ; Boireau, Wilfrid ; Bongiovanni, Antonella ; Borràs, Francesc E. ; Bosch, Steffi ; Boulanger, Chantal M. ; Breakefield, Xandra ; Breglio, Andrew M. ; Brennan, Meadhbh Aín ; Brigstock, David R. ; Brisson, Alain ; Broekman, Marike L. D. ; Bromberg, Jacqueline F. ; Bryl-Gorecka, Paulina ; Buch, Shilpa ; Buck, Amy H. ; Burger, Dylan ; Busatto, Sara ; Buschmann, Dominik ; Bussolati, Benedetta ; Buzás, Edit I. ; Byrd, James Bryan ; Camussi, Giovanni ; Carter, David R. F. ; Caruso, Sarah ; Chamley, Lawrence W. ; Chang, Yu-Ting ; Chen, Chihchen ; Chen, Shuai ; Cheng, Lesley ; Chin, Andrew R. ; Clayton, Aled ; Clerici, Stefano P. ; Cocks, Alex ; Cocucci, Emanuele ; Coffey, Robert J. ; Cordeiro-da-Silva, Anabela ; Couch, Yvonne ; Coumans, Frank A. W. ; Coyle, Beth ; Crescitelli, Rossella ; Criado, Miria Ferreira ; D’Souza-Schorey, Crislyn ; Das, Saumya ; Chaudhuri, Amrita Datta ; de-Candia, Paola ; De Santana, Eliezer F. ; De Wever, Olivier ; del Portillo, Hernando A. ; Demaret, Tanguy ; Deville, Sarah ; Devitt, Andrew ; Dhondt, Bert ; Di Vizio, Dolores ; Dieterich, Lothar C. ; Dolo, Vincenza ; Dominguez Rubio, Ana Paula ; Dominici, Massimo ; Dourado, Mauricio R. ; Driedonks, Tom A. P. ; Duarte, Filipe V. ; Duncan, Heather M. ; Eichenberger, Ramon Marc ; Ekström, Karin ; El Andaloussi, Samir ; Elie-Caille, Celine ; Erdbrügger, Uta ; Falcón-Pérez, Juan M. ; Fatima, Farah ; Fish, Jason E. ; Flores-Bellver, Miguel ; Försönits, András ; Frelet-Barrand, Annie ; Fricke, Fabia ; Fuhrmann, Gregor ; Gabrielsson, Susanne ; Gámez-Valero, Ana ; Gardiner, Chris ; Gärtner, Kathrin ; Gaudin, Raphael ; Gho, Yong Song ; Giebel, Bernd ; Gilbert, Caroline ; Gimona, Mario ; Giusti, Ilaria ; Goberdhan, Deborah C. I. ; Görgens, André ; Gorski, Sharon M. ; Greening, David W. ; Groß, Julia Christina ; Gualerzi, Alice ; Gupta, Gopal N. ; Gustafson, Dakota ; Handberg, Aase ; Haraszti, Réka Ágnes ; Harrison, Paul ; Hegyesi, Hargita ; Hendrix, An ; Hill, Andrew F. ; Hochberg, Fred H. ; Hoffmann, Karl F. ; Holder, Beth ; Holthofer, Harry ; Hosseinkhani, Baharak ; Hu, Guoku ; Huang, Yiyao ; Huber, Veronica ; Hunt, Stuart ; Ibrahim, Ahmed Gamal-Eldin ; Ikezu, Tsuneya ; Inal, Jameel M. ; Isin, Mustafa ; Ivanova, Alena ; Jackson, Hannah K. ; Jacobsen, Soren ; Jay, Steven M. ; Jayachandran, Muthuvel ; Jenster, Guido ; Jiang, Lanzhou ; Johnson, Suzanne M. ; Jones, Jennifer C. ; Jong, Ambrose ; Jovanovic-Talisman, Tijana ; Jung, Stephanie ; Kalluri, Raghu ; Kano, Shin-ichi ; Kaur, Sukhbir ; Kawamura, Yumi ; Keller, Evan T. ; Khamari, Delaram ; Khomyakova, Elena ; Khvorova, Anastasia ; Kierulf, Peter ; Kim, Kwang Pyo ; Kislinger, Thomas ; Klingeborn, Mikael ; Klinke, David J. ; Kornek, Miroslaw ; Kosanović, Maja M. ; Kovács, Árpád Ferenc ; Krämer-Albers, Eva-Maria ; Krasemann, Susanne ; Krause, Mirja ; Kurochkin, Igor V. ; Kusuma, Gina D. ; Kuypers, Sören ; Laitinen, Saara ; Langevin, Scott M. ; Languino, Lucia R. ; Lannigan, Joanne ; Lässer, Cecilia ; Laurent, Louise C. ; Lavieu, Gregory ; Lázaro-Ibáñez, Elisa ; Le Lay, Soazig ; Lee, Myung-Shin ; Lee, Yi Xin Fiona ; Lemos, Debora S. ; Lenassi, Metka ; Leszczynska, Aleksandra ; Li, Isaac T. S. ; Liao, Ke ; Libregts, Sten F. ; Ligeti, Erzsebet ; Lim, Rebecca ; Lim, Sai Kiang ; Linē, Aija ; Linnemannstöns, Karen ; Llorente, Alicia ; Lombard, Catherine Ann ; Lorenowicz, Magdalena J. ; Lörincz, Ákos M. ; Lötvall, Jan ; Lovett, Jason ; Lowry, Michelle C. ; Loyer, Xavier ; Lu, Quan ; Lukomska, Barbara ; Lunavat, Taral Rameshchand ; Maas, Sybren L. N. ; Malhi, Harmeet ; Marcilla, Antonio ; Mariani, Jacopo ; Mariscal, Javier ; Martens-Uzunova, Elena S. ; Martin-Jaular, Lorena ; Martinez, M. Carmen ; Martins, Vilma Regina ; Mathieu, Mathilde ; Mathivanan, Suresh ; Maugeri, Marco ; McGinnis, Lynda K. ; McVey, Mark J. ; Meckes, David G. ; Meehan, Katie ; Mertens, Inge ; Minciacchi, Valentina R. ; Möller, Andreas ; Møller Jørgensen, Malene ; Morales-Kastresana, Aizea ; Morhayim, Jess ; Mullier, François ; Muraca, Maurizio ; Musante, Luca ; Mussack, Veronika ; Muth, Dillon C. ; Myburgh, Kathryn H. ; Najrana, Tanbir ; Nawaz, Muhammad ; Nazarenko, Irina ; Nejsum, Peter ; Neri, Christian ; Neri, Tommaso ; Nieuwland, Rienk ; Nimrichter, Leonardo ; Nolan, John P. ; Nolte-’t Hoen, Esther N. M. ; Hooten, Nicole Noren ; O’Driscoll, Lorraine ; O’Grady, Tina ; O’Loghlen, Ana ; Ochiya, Takahiro ; Olivier, Martin ; Ortiz, Alberto ; Ortiz, Luis A. ; Osteikoetxea, Xabier ; Østergaard, Ole ; Ostrowski, Matias ; Park, Jaesung ; Pegtel, Dirk Michiel ; Peinado, Hector ; Perut, Francesca ; Pfaffl, Michael ; Phinney, Donald G. ; Pieters, Bartijn C. H. ; Pink, Ryan Charles ; Pisetsky, David S. ; Pogge von Strandmann, Elke ; Polakovicova, Iva ; Poon, Ivan K. H. ; Powell, Bonita H. ; Prada, Ilaria ; Pulliam, Lynn ; Quesenberry, Peter ; Radeghieri, Annalisa ; Raffai, Robert L. ; Raimondo, Stefania ; Rak, Janusz ; Ramirez, Marcel I. ; Raposo, Graça ; Rayyan, Morsi S. ; Regev-Rudzki, Neta ; Ricklefs, Franz Lennard ; Robbins, Paul D. ; Roberts, David D. ; Rodrigues, Silvia C. ; Rohde, Eva ; Rome, Sophie ; Rouschop, Kasper M. ; Rughetti, Aurelia ; Russell, Ashley E. ; Saá, Paula ; Sahoo, Susmita ; Salas-Huenuleo, Edison ; Sánchez, Catherine ; Saugstad, Julie A. ; Saul, Meike J. ; Schiffelers, Raymond M. ; Schneider, Raphael ; Schøyen, Tine Hiorth ; Scott, Aaron ; Shahaj, Eriomina ; Sharma, Shivani ; Shatnyeva, Olga ; Shekari, Faezeh ; Shelke, Ganesh Vilas ; Shetty, Ashok K. ; Shiba, Kiyotaka ; Siljander, Pia R.-M. ; Silva, Andreia M. ; Skowronek, Agata ; Snyder, Orman L. ; Soares, Rodrigo Pedro ; Sódar, Barbara W. ; Soekmadji, Carolina ; Sotillo, Javier ; Stahl, Philip D. ; Stoorvogel, Willem ; Stott, Shannon L. ; Strasser, Erwin F. ; Swift, Simon ; Tahara, Hidetoshi ; Tewari, Muneesh ; Timms, Kate ; Tiwari, Swasti ; Tixeira, Rochelle ; Tkach, Mercedes ; Toh, Wei Seong ; Tomasini, Richard ; Torrecilhas, Ana Claudia ; Tosar, Juan Pablo ; Toxavidis, Vasilis ; Urbanelli, Lorena ; Vader, Pieter ; Balkom, Bastiaan Wilhelmus Maria van ; Grein, Susanne G. van der ; Van Deun, Jan ; Herwijnen, Martijn J. C. van ; Van Keuren-Jensen, Kendall R. ; Niel, Guillaume van ; Royen, Martin E. van ; Wijnen, Andre J. van ; Vasconcelos, M. Helena ; Vechetti, Ivan J. ; Veit, Tiago D. ; Vella, Laura J. ; Velot, Émilie ; Verweij, Frederik ; Vestad, Beate ; Viñas, Jose Luis ; Visnovitz, Tamás ; Vukman, Krisztina V. ; Wahlgren, Jessica ; Watson, Dionysios C. ; Wauben, Marca H. M. ; Weaver, Alissa ; Webber, Jason P. ; Weber, Viktoria ; Wehman, Ann M. ; Weiss, Daniel J. ; Welsh, Joshua A. ; Wendt, Sebastian ; Wheelock, Åsa M. ; Wiener, Zoltán ; Witte, Leonie ; Wolfram, Joy ; Xagorari, Angeliki ; Xander, Patricia ; Xu, Jing ; Yan, Xiaomei ; Yáñez-Mó, María ; Yin, Hang ; Yuana, Yuana ; Zappulli, Valentina ; Zarubova, Jana ; Žėkas, Vytautas ; Zhang, Jian-ye ; Zhao, Zezhou ; Zheng, Lei ; Zheutlin, Alexander R. ; Zickler, Antje Maria ; Zimmermann, Pascale ; Zivkovic, Angela M. ; Zocco, Davide ; Zuba-Surma, Ewa K.
The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size and amount often make them difficult to obtain as relatively pure preparations, and to characterize properly. The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) proposed Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (“MISEV”) guidelines for the field in 2014. We now update these “MISEV2014” guidelines based on evolution of the collective knowledge in the last four years. An important point to consider is that ascribing a specific function to EVs in general, or to subtypes of EVs, requires reporting of specific information beyond mere description of function in a crude, potentially contaminated, and heterogeneous preparation. For example, claims that exosomes are endowed with exquisite and specific activities remain difficult to support experimentally, given our still limited knowledge of their specific molecular machineries of biogenesis and release, as compared with other biophysically similar EVs. The MISEV2018 guidelines include tables and outlines of suggested protocols and steps to follow to document specific EV-associated functional activities. Finally, a checklist is provided with summaries of key points.
Mit der Inbetriebnahme des ersten deutschen Forschungsreaktors 1957 in Garching begann ab 1966 eine stufenweise Aussiedlung von Teilen der TU München in eine neue Campusuniversität 18 km nördlich des Stammgeländes. Der folgende Aufsatz beschreibt und bewertet die Folgen dieser Standortverlagerung für die Hochschulangehörigen hinsichtlich Arbeitsumfeld, Arbeitsweg und Versorgungssituation. Das geänderte Zeitbudget und dessen Auswirkungen auf die Abläufe im Arbeitsalltag werden in Tabellen und Grafiken vorgestellt. Sie lassen erkennen, wie sehr Begriffe wie "Arbeitsplatz-Zufriedenheit", "Betriebsklima" usw. auch von den raumzeitlichen Bedingungen eines Arbeitsplatzes abhängen.
Ceraceosorus bombacis is an early-diverging lineage of smut fungi and a pathogen of cotton trees (Bombax ceiba). To study the evolutionary genomics of smut fungi in comparison with other fungal and oomycete pathogens, the genome of C. bombacis was sequenced and comparative genomic analyses were performed. The genome of 26.09 Mb encodes for 8,024 proteins, of which 576 are putative-secreted effector proteins (PSEPs). Orthology analysis revealed 30 ortholog PSEPs among six Ustilaginomycotina genomes, the largest groups of which are lytic enzymes, such as aspartic peptidase and glycoside hydrolase. Positive selection analyses revealed the highest percentage of positively selected PSEPs in C. bombacis compared with other Ustilaginomycotina genomes. Metabolic pathway analyses revealed the absence of genes encoding for nitrite and nitrate reductase in the genome of the human skin pathogen Malassezia globosa, but these enzymes are present in the sequenced plant pathogens in smut fungi. Interestingly, these genes are also absent in cultivable oomycete animal pathogens, while nitrate reductase has been lost in cultivable oomycete plant pathogens. Similar patterns were also observed for obligate biotrophic and hemi-biotrophic fungal and oomycete pathogens. Furthermore, it was found that both fungal and oomycete animal pathogen genomes are lacking cutinases and pectinesterases. Overall, these findings highlight the parallel evolution of certain genomic traits, revealing potential common evolutionary trajectories among fungal and oomycete pathogens, shaping the pathogen genomes according to their lifestyle.
Ott, Sebastian Robert ; Meier, Niklaus ; Kolditz, Martin ; Bauer, Torsten Thomas ; Rohde, Gernot Gerhard Ulrich ; Presterl, Elisabeth ; Schürmann, Dirk ; Lepper, Philipp Moritz ; Ringshausen, Felix Christian ; Flick, Holger ; Leib, Stephen L. ; Pletz, Mathias Wilhelm Rudolf
Background: Pulmonary nocardiosis (PN) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening infection. Most of our knowledge is derived from case reports or smaller case series. Recently, increasing PN incidence rates have been reported. We aim to describe the clinical course of and risk factors for PN in four Western European countries and to estimate population-based annual hospitalization rates.
Methods: Retrospective evaluation (1995 to 2011) of the clinical course of and risk factors for PN in patients from 11 hospitals in four European countries (Germany, Austria, Switzerland and The Netherlands). Calculation of population-based estimates of hospitalization rates of PN in Germany (2005 to 2011) using official German nationwide diagnosis-related groups (DRG) hospital statistics.
Results: Forty-three patients fulfilled stringent criteria for proven (n = 8) and probable (n = 35) PN; seven with extrapulmonary dissemination. Within the 43 patients, major PN risk factors were immunocompromising (83.7%) and/or pulmonary (58.1%; in 27.9% as only comorbidity) comorbidities. Median duration of PN targeted therapy was 12 weeks. Distinguished patterns of resistance were observed (imipenem susceptibility: N. farcinica 33.3%; N. asteroides 66.7%). Overall mortality rate was 18.9%; in disseminated PN 50%. Over time, annual PN hospitalization rates remained unchanged at around 0.04/100′000 with the highest rate among men aged 75–84 years (0.24/100′000).
Conclusion: PN is rare, but potentially life-threatening, and mainly affects immunocompromised elder males. Overall annual hospitalization rates remained stable between 2005 and 2011.
Sharma, Rahul ; Gassel, Sören ; Steiger, Sabine ; Xia, Xiaojuan ; Bauer, Robert ; Sandmann, Gerhard ; Thines, Marco
Background: Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous is a basal agaricomycete with uncertain taxonomic placement, known for its unique ability to produce astaxanthin, a carotenoid with antioxidant properties. It was the aim of this study to elucidate the organization of its CoA-derived pathways and to use the genomic information of X. dendrorhous for a phylogenomic investigation of the Basidiomycota.
Results: The genome assembly of a haploid strain of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous revealed a genome of 19.50 Megabases with 6385 protein coding genes. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted including 48 fungal genomes. These revealed Ustilaginomycotina and Agaricomycotina as sister groups. In the latter a well-supported sister-group relationship of two major orders, Polyporales and Russulales, was inferred. Wallemia occupies a basal position within the Agaricomycotina and X. dendrorhous represents the basal lineage of the Tremellomycetes, highlighting that the typical tremelloid parenthesomes have either convergently evolved in Wallemia and the Tremellomycetes, or were lost in the Cystofilobasidiales lineage. A detailed characterization of the CoA-related pathways was done and all genes for fatty acid, sterol and carotenoid synthesis have been assigned.
Conclusions: The current study ascertains that Wallemia with tremelloid parenthesomes is the most basal agaricomycotinous lineage and that Cystofilobasidiales without tremelloid parenthesomes are deeply rooted within Tremellomycetes, suggesting that parenthesomes at septal pores might be the core synapomorphy for the Agaricomycotina. Apart from evolutionary insights the genome sequence of X. dendrorhous will facilitate genetic pathway engineering for optimized astaxanthin or oxidative alcohol production.
Lewitzka, Ute ; Jabs, Burkhard ; Fülle, Matthias ; Holthoff, Vjera ; Juckel, Georg ; Uhl, Idun ; Kittel-Schneider, Sarah ; Reif, Andreas ; Reif-Leonhard, Christine ; Gruber, Oliver ; Djawid, B. ; Goodday, S. ; Haussmann, Robert ; Pfennig, Andrea ; Ritter, Philipp ; Conell, Jörn ; Severus, Emanuel ; Bauer, Michael
Background: Lithium has proven suicide preventing effects in the long-term treatment of patients with affective disorders. Clinical evidence from case reports indicate that this effect may occur early on at the beginning of lithium treatment. The impact of lithium treatment on acute suicidal thoughts and/or behavior has not been systematically studied in a controlled trial. The primary objective of this confirmatory study is to determine the association between lithium therapy and acute suicidal ideation and/or suicidal behavior in inpatients with a major depressive episode (MDE, unipolar and bipolar disorder according to DSM IV criteria). The specific aim is to test the hypothesis that lithium plus treatment as usual (TAU), compared to placebo plus TAU, results in a significantly greater decrease in suicidal ideation and/or behavior over 5 weeks in inpatients with MDE.
Methods/Design: We initiated a randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter trial. Patients with the diagnosis of a moderate to severe depressive episode and suicidal thoughts and/or suicidal behavior measured with the Sheehan-Suicidality-Tracking Scale (S-STS) will be randomly allocated to add lithium or placebo to their treatment as usual. Change in the clinician administered S-STS from the initial to the final visit will be the primary outcome.
Discussion: There is an urgent need to identify treatments that will acutely decrease suicidal ideation and/or suicidal behavior. The results of this study will demonstrate whether lithium reduces suicidal ideation and behavior within the first 5 weeks of treatment.