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Using (10.087±0.044)×109 𝐽/𝜓 events collected by the Beijing Spectrum III (BESIII) detector at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider II (BEPCII) collider, we search for the hyperon semileptonic decay Ξ−→Ξ0𝑒−¯𝜈𝑒. No significant signal is observed and the upper limit on the branching fraction ℬ(Ξ−→Ξ0𝑒−¯𝜈𝑒) is set to be 2.59×10−4 at 90% confidence level. This result is one order of magnitude more strict than the previous best limit.
Using inclusive decays of the J/ψ, a precise determination of the number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector is performed. For the two data sets taken in 2009 and 2012, the numbers of J/ψ events are recalculated to be (224.0±1.3)×106 and (1088.5±4.4)×106 respectively, which are in good agreement with the previous measurements. For the J/ψ sample taken in 2017--2019, the number of events is determined to be (8774.0±39.4)×106. The total number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector is determined to be (10087±44)×106, where the uncertainty is dominated by systematic effects and the statistical uncertainty is negligible.
Using inclusive decays of the J/ψ, a precise determination of the number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector is performed. For the two data sets taken in 2009 and 2012, the numbers of J/ψ events are recalculated to be (224.0±1.3)×106 and (1088.5±4.4)×106 respectively, which are in good agreement with the previous measurements. For the J/ψ sample taken in 2017--2019, the number of events is determined to be (8774.0±39.4)×106. The total number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector is determined to be (10087±44)×106, where the uncertainty is dominated by systematic effects and the statistical uncertainty is negligible.
Though immensely successful, the standard model of particle physics does not offer any explanation as to why our Universe contains so much more matter than antimatter. A key to a dynamically generated matter–antimatter asymmetry is the existence of processes that violate the combined charge conjugation and parity (CP) symmetry1. As such, precision tests of CP symmetry may be used to search for physics beyond the standard model. However, hadrons decay through an interplay of strong and weak processes, quantified in terms of relative phases between the amplitudes. Although previous experiments constructed CP observables that depend on both strong and weak phases, we present an approach where sequential two-body decays of entangled multi-strange baryon–antibaryon pairs provide a separation between these phases. Our method, exploiting spin entanglement between the double-strange Ξ− baryon and its antiparticle2 Ξ¯+
, has enabled a direct determination of the weak-phase difference, (ξP − ξS) = (1.2 ± 3.4 ± 0.8) × 10−2 rad. Furthermore, three independent CP observables can be constructed from our measured parameters. The precision in the estimated parameters for a given data sample size is several orders of magnitude greater than achieved with previous methods3. Finally, we provide an independent measurement of the recently debated Λ decay parameter αΛ (refs. 4,5). The ΛΛ¯
asymmetry is in agreement with and compatible in precision to the most precise previous measurement.
We present the first experimental search for the rare charm decay D0→π0ν¯ν. It is based on an e+e− collision sample consisting of 10.6×10^6 pairs of D0¯D0 mesons collected by the BESIII detector at √s=3.773 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb^−1. A data-driven method is used to ensure the reliability of the background modeling. No significant D0→π0ν¯ν signal is observed in data and an upper limit of the branching fraction is set to be 2.1×10^-4 at the 90% confidence level. This is the first experimental constraint on charmed-hadron decays into dineutrino final states.
he Born cross sections for the process 𝑒+𝑒−→𝜂′𝜋+𝜋− at different center-of-mass energies between 2.00 and 3.08 GeV are reported with improved precision from an analysis of data samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. An obvious structure is observed in the Born cross section line shape. Fit as a Breit-Wigner resonance, it has a statistical significance of 6.3𝜎 and a mass and width of 𝑀=(2111±43±25) MeV/𝑐2 and Γ=(135±34±30) MeV, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. These measured resonance parameters agree with the measurements of BABAR in 𝑒+𝑒−→𝜂′𝜋+𝜋− and BESIII in 𝑒+𝑒−→𝜔𝜋0 within two standard deviations.
Observation of a near-threshold structure in the K⁺ recoil-mass spectra in e⁺e⁻ → K⁺(Dₛ⁻D*⁰+Dₛ*⁻D⁰)
(2021)
We report a study of the processes of 𝑒+𝑒−→𝐾+𝐷−𝑠𝐷*0 and 𝐾+𝐷*−𝑠𝐷0 based on 𝑒+𝑒− annihilation samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at BEPCII at five center-of-mass energies ranging from 4.628 to 4.698 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 3.7 fb−1. An excess of events over the known contributions of the conventional charmed mesons is observed near the 𝐷−𝑠𝐷*0 and 𝐷*−𝑠𝐷0 mass thresholds in the 𝐾+ recoil-mass spectrum for events collected at √𝑠=4.681 GeV. The structure matches a mass-dependent-width Breit-Wigner line shape, whose pole mass and width are determined as (3982.5+1.8
−2.6±2.1) MeV/𝑐2 and (12.8+5.3−4.4±3.0) MeV, respectively. The first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The significance of the resonance hypothesis is estimated to be 5.3 𝜎 over the contributions only from the conventional charmed mesons. This is the first candidate for a charged hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness, decaying into 𝐷−𝑠𝐷*0 and 𝐷*−𝑠𝐷0. However, the properties of the excess need further exploration with more statistics.
The process 𝑒+𝑒−→𝜙𝜂′ has been studied for the first time in detail using data sample collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at center of mass energies from 2.05 to 3.08 GeV. A resonance with quantum numbers 𝐽𝑃𝐶=1−− is observed with mass 𝑀=(2177.5±4.8(stat)±19.5(syst))MeV/𝑐2 and width Γ=(149.0±15.6(stat)±8.9(syst)) MeV with a statistical significance larger than 10𝜎, including systematic uncertainties. If the observed structure is identified with the 𝜙(2170), then the ratio of partial width between the 𝜙𝜂′ by BESIII and 𝜙𝜂 by BABAR is (ℬ𝑅𝜙𝜂Γ𝑅𝑒𝑒)/(ℬ𝑅𝜙𝜂′Γ𝑅𝑒𝑒)=0.23±0.10(stat)±0.18(syst), which is smaller than the prediction of the 𝑠¯𝑠𝑔 hybrid models by several orders of magnitude.
We report a study of the processes of e+e−→K+(D−sD∗0+D∗−sD0) based on e+e− annihilation samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at BEPCII at five center-of-mass energies ranging from 4.628 to 4.698 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 3.7 fb−1. An excess over the known contributions of the conventional charmed mesons is observed near the D−sD∗0 and D∗−sD0 mass thresholds in the K+ recoil-mass spectrum for events collected at s√=4.681 GeV. The structure matches a mass-dependent-width Breit-Wigner line shape, whose pole mass and width are determined as (3982.5+1.8−2.6±2.1) MeV/c2 and (12.8+5.3−4.4±3.0) MeV, respectively. The first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The significance of the resonance hypothesis is estimated to be 5.3 σ over the pure contributions from the conventional charmed mesons. This is the first candidate of the charged hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness, decaying into D−sD∗0 and D∗−sD0. However, the genuine properties of the excess need further exploration with more statistics.
We report a study of the processes of e+e−→K+(D−sD∗0+D∗−sD0) based on e+e− annihilation samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at BEPCII at five center-of-mass energies ranging from 4.628 to 4.698 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 3.7 fb−1. An excess over the known contributions of the conventional charmed mesons is observed near the D−sD∗0 and D∗−sD0 mass thresholds in the K+ recoil-mass spectrum for events collected at s√=4.681 GeV. The structure matches a mass-dependent-width Breit-Wigner line shape, whose pole mass and width are determined as (3982.5+1.8−2.6±2.1) MeV/c2 and (12.8+5.3−4.4±3.0) MeV, respectively. The first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The significance of the resonance hypothesis is estimated to be 5.3 σ over the contributions only from the conventional charmed mesons. This is the first candidate of the charged hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness, decaying into D−sD∗0 and D∗−sD0. However, the properties of the excess need further exploration with more statistics.
Based on an e+e− collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 collected with the BESIII detector at √s=3.773 GeV, the first amplitude analysis of the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay D+→K+K0Sπ0 is performed. From the amplitude analysis, the K∗(892)+K0S component is found to be dominant with a fraction of (57.1±2.6±4.2)%, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. In combination with the absolute branching fraction B(D+→K+K0Sπ0) measured by BESIII, we obtain B(D+→K∗(892)+K0S)=(8.69±0.40±0.64±0.51)×10−3, where the third uncertainty is due to the branching fraction B(D+→K+K0Sπ0). The precision of this result is significantly improved compared to the previous measurement. This result also differs from most of theoretical predictions by about 4σ, which may help to improve the understanding of the dynamics behind.
By analyzing an electron-positron collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 taken at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we obtain for the first time the absolute branching fractions for seven 𝐷0 and 𝐷+ hadronic decay modes and search for the hadronic decay 𝐷0→𝐾0𝑆𝐾0𝑆𝜋0 with much improved sensitivity. The results are ℬ(𝐷0→𝐾0𝑆𝜋0𝜋0𝜋0)=(7.64±0.30±0.29)×10−3, (𝐷0→𝐾−𝜋+𝜋0𝜋0𝜋0)=9.54±0.30±0.31)×10−3, ℬ(𝐷0→𝐾0𝑆𝜋+𝜋−𝜋0𝜋0)=(12.66±0.45±0.43)×10−3, ℬ(𝐷+→𝐾0𝑆𝜋+𝜋0𝜋0)=(29.04±0.62±0.87)×10−3, ℬ(𝐷+→𝐾0𝑆𝜋+𝜋+𝜋−𝜋0)=(15.28±0.57±0.60)×10−3, ℬ(𝐷+→𝐾0𝑆𝜋+𝜋0𝜋0𝜋0)=(5.54±0.44±0.32)×10−3, ℬ(𝐷+→𝐾−𝜋+𝜋+𝜋0𝜋0)=(4.95±0.26±0.19)×10−3, and ℬ(𝐷0→𝐾0𝑆𝐾0𝑆𝜋0)<1.45×10−4 at the 90% confidence level. Here, the first uncertainties are statistical, and the second ones are systematic. The newly studied decays greatly enrich the knowledge of the 𝐷→¯𝐾𝜋𝜋𝜋 and 𝐷→¯𝐾𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 hadronic decays and open a bridge to access more two-body hadronic 𝐷 decays containing scalar, vector, axial, and tensor mesons in the charm sector.
We report new measurements of the branching fraction ℬ(𝐷+𝑠→ℓ+𝜈), where ℓ+ is either 𝜇+ or 𝜏+(→𝜋+¯𝜈𝜏), based on 6.32 fb−1 of electron-positron annihilation data collected by the BESIII experiment at six center-of-mass energy points between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV. Simultaneously floating the 𝐷+𝑠→𝜇+𝜈𝜇 and 𝐷+𝑠→𝜏+𝜈𝜏 components yields ℬ(𝐷+𝑠→𝜏+𝜈𝜏)=(5.21±0.25±0.17)×10−2, ℬ(𝐷+𝑠→𝜇+𝜈𝜇)=(5.35±0.13±0.16)×10−3, and the ratio of decay widths 𝑅=Γ(𝐷+𝑠→𝜏+𝜈𝜏)Γ(𝐷+𝑠→𝜇+𝜈𝜇)=9.73+0.61−0.58±0.36, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. No evidence of 𝐶𝑃 asymmetry is observed in the decay rates 𝐷±𝑠→𝜇±𝜈𝜇 and 𝐷±𝑠→𝜏±𝜈𝜏: 𝐴𝐶𝑃(𝜇±𝜈)=(−1.2±2.5±1.0)% and 𝐴𝐶𝑃(𝜏±𝜈)=(+2.9±4.8±1.0)%. Constraining our measurement to the Standard Model expectation of lepton universality (𝑅=9.75), we find the more precise results ℬ(𝐷+𝑠→𝜏+𝜈𝜏)=(5.22±0.10±0.14)×10−2 and 𝐴𝐶𝑃(𝜏±𝜈𝜏)=(−0.1±1.9±1.0)%. Combining our results with inputs external to our analysis, we determine the 𝑐→¯𝑠 quark mixing matrix element, 𝐷+𝑠 decay constant, and ratio of the decay constants to be |𝑉𝑐𝑠|=0.973±0.009±0.014, 𝑓𝐷+𝑠=249.9±2.4±3.5 MeV, and 𝑓𝐷+𝑠/𝑓𝐷+=1.232±0.035, respectively.
Using data samples with a total integrated luminosity of 20.1 fb−1 collected by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, the cross section of the process 𝑒+𝑒−→𝜋+𝜋−𝜓(3686) is measured at center-of-mass energies between 4.0076 and 4.6984 GeV. The measured cross section is consistent with previous results, and with much improved precision. A fit to the measured energy-dependent cross section, which includes three Breit-Wigner functions and a nonresonant contribution, confirms the existence of the charmonium-like states 𝑌(4220), 𝑌(4390), and 𝑌(4660). This is the first observation of the 𝑌(4660) at the BESIII experiment.
Using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.32 fb−1 recorded by the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV, an amplitude analysis of the decay D+s → π+π0π0 is performed, and the relative fractions and phases of different intermediate processes are determined. The absolute branching fraction of the decay D+s → π+π0π0 is measured to be (0.50 ± 0.04stat ± 0.02syst)%. Theabsolute branching fraction of the intermediate process D+s → f0(980)π+, f0(980) → π0π0 is determined to be (0.28 ± 0.04stat ± 0.04syst)%.
The decays D → K−π+π+π− and D → K−π+π 0 are studied in a sample of quantum-correlated DD¯ pairs produced through the process e+e− → ψ(3770) → DD¯, exploiting a data set collected by the BESIII experiment that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 . Here D indicates a quantum superposition of a D0 and a D¯ 0 meson. By reconstructing one neutral charm meson in a signal decay, and the other in the same or a different final state, observables are measured that contain information on the coherence factors and average strong-phase differences of each of the signal modes. These parameters are critical inputs in the measurement of the angle γ of the Unitarity Triangle in B− → DK− decays at the LHCb and Belle II experiments. The coherence factors are determined to be RK3π = 0.52+0.12−0.10 and RKππ0 = 0.78 ± 0.04, with values for the average strong-phase differences that are δ K3π D = (167+31−19)◦ and δKππ0D = (196+14−15◦ , where the uncertainties include both statistical and systematic contributions. The analysis is re-performed in four bins of the phase-space of the D → K−π+π+π− to yield results that will allow for a more sensitive measurement of γ with this mode, to which the BESIII inputs will contribute an uncertainty of around 6◦.
Using 2.93 fb−1 of e+e− collision data taken with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, the observation of the D0→K1(1270)−e+νe semileptonic decay is presented. The statistical significance of the decay D0→K1(1270)−e+νe is greater than 10σ. The branching fraction of D0→K1(1270)−e+νe is measured to be (1.09±0.13+0.09−0.13±0.12)×10−3. Here, the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third originates from the assumed branching fraction of K1(1270)−→K−π+π−.
Using 2.93 fb−1 of e+e− collision data taken with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, the observation of the D0→K1(1270)−e+νe semileptonic decay is presented. The statistical significance of the decay D0→K1(1270)−e+νe is greater than 10σ. The branching fraction of D0→K1(1270)−e+νe is measured to be (1.09±0.13+0.09−0.16±0.12)×10−3. Here, the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third originates from the assumed branching fraction of K1(1270)−→K−π+π−. The fraction of longitudinal polarization in D0→K1(1270)−e+νe is determined for the first time to be 0.50±0.19stat±0.08syst.
Using data samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring at center-of-mass energies from 4.178 to 4.600 GeV, we study the process eþe− → π0Xð3872Þγ and search for Zcð4020Þ0 → Xð3872Þγ. We find no significant signal and set upper limits on σðeþe− → π0Xð3872ÞγÞ · BðXð3872Þ → πþπ−J=ψÞ and σðeþe− → π0Zcð4020Þ0Þ · BðZcð4020Þ0 → Xð3872ÞγÞ · BðXð3872Þ → πþπ−J=ψÞ for each energy point at 90% confidence level, which is of the order of several tenths pb.