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Using 15.6 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected at twenty-four center-of-mass energies from 4.0 to 4.6 GeV with the BESIII detector, the helicity amplitudes of the process e+e− → π+π−ω are analyzed for the first time. Born cross section measurements of two-body intermediate resonance states with statistical significance greater than 5σ are presented, such as f0(500), f0(980), f2(1270), f0(1370), b1(1235)±, and ρ(1450)±. In addition, evidence of a resonance state in e+e− → π+π−ω production is found. The mass of this state obtained by line shape fitting is about 4.2 GeV/c2, which is consistent with the production of ψ(4160) or Y(4220).
We search for an axion-like particle (ALP) a through the process ψ(3686)→π+π−J/ψ, J/ψ→γa, a→γγ in a data sample of (2.71±0.01)×109 ψ(3686) events collected by the BESIII detector. No significant ALP signal is observed over the expected background, and the upper limits on the branching fraction of the decay J/ψ→γa and the ALP-photon coupling constant gaγγ are set at 95% confidence level in the mass range of 0.165≤ma≤2.84GeV/c2. The limits on B(J/ψ→γa) range from 8.3×10−8 to 1.8×10−6 over the search region, and the constraints on the ALP-photon coupling are the most stringent to date for 0.165≤ma≤1.468GeV/c2.
A light scalar X0 or vector X1 particles have been introduced as a possible explanation for the (g−2)μ anomaly and dark matter phenomena.
Using (8.998±0.039)×109 $\jpsi$ events collected by the BESIII detector, we search for a light muon philic scalar X0 or vector X1 in the processes J/ψ→μ+μ−X0,1 with X0,1 invisible decays. No obvious signal is found, and the upper limits on the coupling g′0,1 between the muon and the X0,1 particles are set to be between 1.1×10−3 and 1.0×10−2 for the X0,1 mass in the range of 1<M(X0,1)<1000~MeV/c2 at 90% confidence level.
We report the measurement of the cross sections for e+e−→hadrons at center-of-mass (c.m.) energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV. We observe a new resonance R(3810) in the cross sections for the first time, and observe the R(3760) resonance with high significance in the cross sections. The R(3810) has a mass of (3804.5±0.9±0.9) ~MeV/c2, a total width of (5.4±3.5±3.2)~MeV, and an electronic partial width of (19.4±7.4±12.1)~eV. Its significance is 7.7σ. The R(3810) could be interpreted as a hadro-charmonium resonance predicted by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). In addition, we measure the mass (3751.9±3.8±2.8) ~MeV/c2, the total width (32.8±5.8±8.7)~MeV, and the electronic partial width (184±75±86)~eV with improved precision for the R(3760). Furthermore, for the R(3780) we measure the mass (3778.7±0.5±0.3) ~MeV/c2 and total width (20.3±0.8±1.7)~MeV with improved precision, and the electronic partial width (265±69±83)~eV. The R(3780) can be interpreted as the 13D1 state of charmonium. Its mass and total width differ significantly from the corresponding fitted values given by the Particle Data Group in 2022 by 7.1 and 3.2 times the uncertainties for ψ(3770), respectively. ψ(3770) has been interpreted as the 13D1 state for 45 years.
We search for an axion-like particle (ALP) a through the process ψ(3686)→π+π−J/ψ, J/ψ→γa, a→γγ in a data sample of (2.71±0.01)×109 ψ(3686) events collected by the BESIII detector. No significant ALP signal is observed over the expected background, and the upper limits on the branching fraction of the decay J/ψ→γa and the ALP-photon coupling constant gaγγ are set at 95% confidence level in the mass range of 0.165≤ma≤2.84GeV/c2. The limits on B(J/ψ→γa) range from 8.3×10−8 to 1.8×10−6 over the search region, and the constraints on the ALP-photon coupling are the most stringent to date for 0.165≤ma≤1.468GeV/c2.
We report a search for a heavier partner of the recently observed Zcs(3985)− state, denoted as Z′−cs, in the process e+e−→K+D∗−sD∗0+c.c., based on e+e− collision data collected at the center-of-mass energies of s√=4.661, 4.682 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector. The Z′−cs is of interest as it is expected to be a candidate for a hidden-charm and open-strange tetraquark. A partial-reconstruction technique is used to isolate K+ recoil-mass spectra, which are probed for a potential contribution from Z′−cs→D∗−sD∗0 (c.c.). We find an excess of Z′−cs→D∗−sD∗0 (c.c.) candidates with a significance of 2.1σ, after considering systematic uncertainties, at a mass of (4123.5±0.7stat.±4.7syst.) MeV/c2. As the data set is limited in size, the upper limits are evaluated at the 90\% confidence level on the product of the Born cross sections (σBorn) and the branching fraction (B) of Z′−cs→D∗−sD∗0, under different assumptions of the Z′−cs mass from 4.120 to 4.140 MeV and of the width from 10 to 50 MeV at the three center-of-mass energies. The upper limits of σBorn⋅B are found to be at the level of O(1) pb at each energy. Larger data samples are needed to confirm the Z′−cs state and clarify its nature in the coming years.
Evidence for the singly Cabibbo suppressed decay Λ+c→pπ0 is reported for the first time with a statistical significance of 3.7σ based on 6.0 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.843 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The absolute branching fraction of Λ+c→pπ0 is measured to be (1.56+0.72−0.58±0.20)×10−4. Combining with the branching fraction of Λ+c→nπ+, (6.6±1.2±0.4)×10−4, the ratio of the branching fractions Λ+c→nπ+ and Λ+c→pπ0 is calculated to be 4.2+2.2−1.9; this is an important input for the understanding of the decay mechanisms of charmed baryons. In addition, the absolute branching fraction of Λ+c→pη is measured to be (1.63±0.31stat±0.11syst)×10−3, which is consistent with previous measurements.
Elliptic flow of heavy-flavor decay electrons in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 27 and 54.4 GeV at RHIC
(2023)
We report on new measurements of elliptic flow (v2) of electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays at mid-rapidity (|y|<0.8) in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 27 and 54.4 GeV from the STAR experiment. Heavy-flavor decay electrons (eHF) in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 54.4 GeV exhibit a non-zero v2 in the transverse momentum (pT) region of pT< 2 GeV/c with the magnitude comparable to that at sNN−−−√=200 GeV. The measured eHF v2 at 54.4 GeV is also consistent with the expectation of their parent charm hadron v2 following number-of-constituent-quark scaling as other light and strange flavor hadrons at this energy. These suggest that charm quarks gain significant collectivity through the evolution of the QCD medium and may reach local thermal equilibrium in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√=54.4 GeV. The measured eHF v2 in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√= 27 GeV is consistent with zero within large uncertainties. The energy dependence of v2 for different flavor particles (π,ϕ,D0/eHF) shows an indication of quark mass hierarchy in reaching thermalization in high-energy nuclear collisions.
Elliptic flow of heavy-flavor decay electrons in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 27 and 54.4 GeV at RHIC
(2023)
We report on new measurements of elliptic flow (v2) of electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays at mid-rapidity (|y|<0.8) in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 27 and 54.4 GeV from the STAR experiment. Heavy-flavor decay electrons (eHF) in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 54.4 GeV exhibit a non-zero v2 in the transverse momentum (pT) region of pT< 2 GeV/c with the magnitude comparable to that at sNN−−−√=200 GeV. The measured eHF v2 at 54.4 GeV is also consistent with the expectation of their parent charm hadron v2 following number-of-constituent-quark scaling as other light and strange flavor hadrons at this energy. These suggest that charm quarks gain significant collectivity through the evolution of the QCD medium and may reach local thermal equilibrium in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√=54.4 GeV. The measured eHF v2 in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√= 27 GeV is consistent with zero within large uncertainties. The energy dependence of v2 for different flavor particles (π,ϕ,D0/eHF) shows an indication of quark mass hierarchy in reaching thermalization in high-energy nuclear collisions.
Density fluctuations near the QCD critical point can be probed via an intermittency analysis in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We report the first measurement of intermittency in Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−√ = 7.7-200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The scaled factorial moments of identified charged hadrons are analyzed at mid-rapidity and within the transverse momentum phase space. We observe a power-law behavior of scaled factorial moments in Au+Au collisions and a decrease in the extracted scaling exponent (ν) from peripheral to central collisions. The ν is consistent with a constant for different collisions energies in the mid-central (10-40\%) collisions. Moreover, the ν in the 0-5\% most central Au+Au collisions exhibits a non-monotonic energy dependence that reaches a possible minimum around sNN−−−√ = 27 GeV. The physics implications on the QCD phase structure are discussed.