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Willkommen!
(2010)
In den Vorlesungen zur Gouvernementalität skizziert Foucault die Art und Weise, in der im modernen Staat «aus der Distanz» regiert wird. Diese wird im Artikel dargestellt, materialistisch «geerdet», und es werden hierauf aufbauend die Begriffe Risiko und Versicherheitlichung diskutiert. Die Tauglichkeit dieser Herangehensweise wird anhand der aktuellen Grenz- und Migrationspolitik der EU illustriert, und es werden die in diesem Kontext produzierten Räume skizziert.
According to disposition effect theory, people hold losing investments too long. However, many investors eventually sell at a loss, and little is known about which psychological factors contribute to these capitulation decisions. This study integrates prospect theory, utility maximization theory, and theory on reference point adaptation to argue that the combination of a negative expectation about an investment’s future performance and a low level of adaptation to previous losses leads to a greater capitulation probability. The test of this hypothesis in a dynamic experimental setting reveals that a larger total loss and longer time spent in a losing position lead to downward adaptations of the reference point. Negative expectations about future investment performance lead to a greater capitulation probability. Consistent with the theoretical framework, empirical evidence supports the relevance of the interaction between adaptation and expectation as a determinant of capitulation decisions. Keywords: Investments , Adaptation , Reference Point , Capitulation , Selling Decisions , Disposition Effect , Financial Markets JEL Classification: D91, D03, D81
Homestead exemptions to personal bankruptcy allow households to retain their home equity up to a limit determined at the state level. Households that may experience bankruptcy thus have an incentive to bias their portfolios towards home equity. Using US household data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation for the period 1996-2006, we find that especially households with low net worth maintain a larger share of their wealth as home equity if a larger homestead exemption applies. This home equity bias is also more pronounced if the household head is in poor health, increasing the chance of bankruptcy on account of unpaid medical bills. The bias is further stronger for households with mortgage finance, shorter house tenures, and younger household heads, which taken together reflect households that face more financial uncertainty.
Aging of biological systems ultimately leads to death of the individual. In humans, organ failure as the result of functional impairments after stroke, cardio-vascular disease, tumor development, neurodegeneration and other diseases are certainly crucial in bringing life to an end. But what happens in individuals with no obvious disease or disorders?
Background: The faunal and floral relationship of northward-drifting India with its neighboring continents is of general biogeographic interest as an important driver of regional biodiversity. However, direct biogeographic connectivity of India and Southeast Asia during the Cenozoic remains largely unexplored. We investigate timing, direction and mechanisms of faunal exchange between India and Southeast Asia, based on a molecular phylogeny, molecular clock-derived time estimates and biogeographic reconstructions of the Asian freshwater crab family Gecarcinucidae. Results: Although the Gecarcinucidae are not an element of an ancient Gondwana fauna, their subfamily Gecarcinucinae, and probably also the Liotelphusinae, evolved on the Indian Subcontinent and subsequently dispersed to Southeast Asia. Estimated by a model testing approach, this dispersal event took place during the Middle Eocene, and thus before the final collision of India and the Tibet-part of Eurasia. Conclusions: We postulate that the India and Southeast Asia were close enough for exchange of freshwater organisms during the Middle Eocene, before the final Indian--Eurasian collision. Our data support geological models that assume the Indian plate having tracked along Southeast Asia during its move northwards.
Background: Nicotine, a component of cigarette smoke, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung disease. We examined whether nicotine can change the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), an enzyme that plays an important role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and hypertension. Angiotensin converting enzyme, Dipeptidyl-carboxypeptidase is a glycoproteinpeptidyldipeptid-hydrolase, which devided Histidylleucin-dipeptid of angiotensin I, a relatively inactive Dekapeptide. ACE is located on cell surfaces. Highest concentration of ACE are found in lung and kidney. Determination of ACE serum activity is an established tool for diagnosis and therapy control of pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease. The effect of cigarette smoking on ACE serum activity in healthy subjects is subject of controversial discussion. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic cigarette consumption on ACE serum activity in healthy subjects. Angiotensin I will be converted in Angiotensin II, a highly vasoconstriktor. In addition ACE inactivates bradykinin. Increased ACE activity values occur in the serum of patients with active sarcoidosis, smokers, in premature babies with respiratory distress syndrome, and in adults with tuberculosis, Gaucher-Syndrom and a number of other medical conditions of the lung. Material and methods: In this study the significance of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was tested in 250 healthy smokers and non smokers aged between 17 and 65 years. Individual smoking habits were ruled out by a questionnaire. The concentration of ACE was founded by measurements on Hitachi 917 Analyzer. Additionally ASAT, ALAT and GT were determined by conventional methods. The following independent variables were studied: investigative material, antikoagulantien influence of drugs and temperature. Result: ACE concentrations were increased identically in smokers and sarcoidosis patients. By a specificity of 95% and sensitivities between 72% and 90% are detected in each of the groups. ACE serum activities were within their normal limits (8-58U/L) in smokers and non smokers. No sex-related differences of ACE activity were observed in non smokers. The values of ACE serum activity were significantly (Kruskal: p<0,001) higher in smokers than in non smokers. Corresponding to differences of smoking habits slight but not significant differences of ACE were observed between male and female smokers. In smokers a strong correlation between individual smoking habits was similar in male and female smokers. Values of all additionally determined laboratory parameters were also within their normal limits. No significant differences were observed for ASAT, ALAT and g GT between smokers and non smokers of both sexes. ACE activity should be measured on the day of blood collection. The influence of temperature on the stability of the material is considerable; the room temperature shows a decrease in concentration. By storage at -20°C and below there is a visible increase in concentration. Conclusion: It is shown that there is an increase of ACE activity as a function of cigarette consummation. Non specific metabolic factors others than smoking can be excluded by normal values of ASAT, ALAT and g GT. The data suggest, that individual smoking habits should be considered for the interpretation of ACE serum activity.
In vielen Familien der Mittelschicht sind mittlerweile beide Ehepartner berufstätig. Das männliche Alleinverdiener-Modell verschwindet zwar nicht, aber nimmt ab. Die Arbeit zu Hause ist trotzdem noch ungleich verteilt und überwiegend Frauensache geblieben – wenn auch häufig unter neuen Vorzeichen: Oft übernehmen Migrantinnen, insbesondere aus Osteuropa, einen Teil der Care-Arbeit. Welche Konsequenzen hat dies für deren Familien?
Wer nutzt den Online-Gebrauchtwarenmarkt? : Umweltorientierte, Prosumenten und andere User auf eBay
(2010)
Während des Kalten Kriegs, in den späten fünfziger Jahren, gab es DDR-Kampagnen gegen die "Blutrichter" des NS-Staates, die in der Bundesrepublik wieder in ihre Ämter als Richter und Staatsanwälte gelangt waren. Bald folgten auch in Westdeutschland Ausstellungen, Vorlesungsreihen und eine unübersehbare Zahl von Publikationen, in denen nicht nur die personellen Kontinuitäten skandalisiert, sondern auch weiterwirkende Denkmuster der Rechtsprechung selbst behauptet wurden. Die sowjetische Besatzungszone, die nach 1945 alle bürgerlichen Richter, von denen etwa 80% NSDAP-Mitglieder gewesen waren, entlassen hatte, gab sich vor diesem Hintergrund selbstzufrieden als "antifaschistischer" Staat. Die NSDAP-Mitgliedschaft zahlreicher eigener Kader hielt sie verborgen. ...
Rezension zu: Gaye Suse Kromer: Obszöne Lust oder etablierte Unterhaltung? Zur Rezeption pornografischer Filme. Hamburg: Diplomica Verlag 2008. 232 Seiten, ISBN 978-3-8366-6730-2, € 39,50 Die Autorin befragte vier Männer und vier Frauen zu ihrer Pornografienutzung und ihren Rezeptionserfahrungen mit dem pornografischen Film Adrenalin (Italien 2003). Selbst nach Maßstäben einer Qualifikationsarbeit überzeugen die Überblickskapitel zu Rechtsgrundlagen, Definition und Geschichte des pornografischen Films, zur theoretischen und fachlichen Verortung nicht; diese werden später auch nicht auf die Interviews bezogen. Den Hauptteil stellen die Interviews dar. Der Autorin gelingt es nur teilweise – so bei der Entwicklung der Leitfragen –, stringente Kategorien für die Auswertung der qualitativen Interviews zu entwickeln. Die im Anhang des Buches abgedruckten Interviews stellen eine interessante Quelle für die Erforschung der Rezeption pornografischer Filme dar.
Dass Ludwig Börne seine langjährige vertraute Freundin Jeanette Wohl in einem seiner Briefe scherzhaft mit »Moppel« ansprach, brachte erst eine Spezialaufnahme ans Licht, denn die Stelle war eigentlich für die Nachwelt geschwärzt geworden. Nur ein kleines Beispiel, was die digitale Bearbeitung literarischer Originaltexte zutage fördern kann. Immer mehr Dokumente stehen auch in mehrschichtigen Aufnahmen für die wissenschaftliche Analyse zur Verfügung. Bald werden die bekanntesten schriftlichen Quellen vom Altertum bis zur Gegenwart nachhaltig erfasst und gespeichert und somit digital und online aufrufbar sein. Wie nutzen die Frankfurter Geisteswissenschaftler diese neuen fast grenzenlosen Chancen? Im LOEWE-Schwerpunkt »Digital Humanities« geht es darum, Textcorpora mit digitalen Methoden auszuwerten, zu vergleichen und mit Bilddaten zu verknüpfen.