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Chromosome counts of Lactuca viminea from Cyprus revealed the diploid number 2n = 18, which confirms results from other parts of its distribution range. Cultivation of plants corroborated the existence of two habit forms but assignment of Cypriot material to infraspecific taxa still seems to be premature.
Various noteworthy records of flowering plants in Cyprus (1996–2019) and some status clarifications
(2020)
This paper deals with specimen-based records of 33 taxa, most of them having a scattered occurrence or restricted distribution range in Cyprus. The following taxa are new to Cyprus or have been documented by specimens for the first time: Artemisia verlotiorum, Atriplex suberecta, Cardamine occulta, Catharanthus roseus, Erigeron sumatrensis, Euphorbia graminea and Solanum lycopersicum. The recently found Cenchrus setaceus, already problematic as invasive outside Cyprus, seems to spread quickly on the island and should be given particular consideration.
Solenopsis annua, formerly thought to be a Greek endemic, is recorded in Cyprus for the first time. A morphological description and information on its taxonomy, distribution and habitat, as well as its floristic status are provided. It is recommended to treat it at species rank following the currently prevailing trend of a micro-species concept in Solenopsis. Regarding its future Red Data Book status in Cyprus it should be characterised as "Endangered".
The adventive mole cricket species (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae) in Hawaii is apparently Gryllotalpa krishnani Arun Prasanna et al., 2012. The adventive was long thought to be Gryllotalpa africana Palisot de Beauvois, 1805. From 1983 until 2008 it seemed that Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister, 1839 might be the adventive’s correct name. However, male genitalia and tegmental characters of Hawaiian specimens match features of G. krishnani and not G. orientalis.
An abundance-based checklist of eastern Buprestidae (Coleoptera) was compiled from collection records from invasive insect surveys conducted during 2010-2018. Reported are 111 species in 17 genera based on 33,047 specimens examined from 10 states. Sixty-three new state records in nine states are reported. Collection date ranges by month for each state are provided.
The following new species of Eupogonius LeConte, 1852 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) are described: E. tlanchinolensis Wappes and Santos-Silva (Mexico, Hidalgo); E. albofasciatus Wappes and Santos- Silva (Mexico, Puebla); E. sonorensis Wappes and Santos-Silva (Mexico, Sonora); E. guerrerensis Wappes and Santos-Silva (Mexico, Guerrero); E. boteroi Wappes and Santos-Silva (Mexico, Guerrero); E. nascimentoi Wappes and Santo-Silva (Mexico, Jalisco and Colima); and E. monzoni Wappes and Santos-Silva (Guatemala, Alta Verapaz). Additionally, a detailed description of the female of Eupogonius fulvovestitus Schaeffer, 1905 is provided for the first time, along with notes on the likely host of the species. New state records in Mexico are provided for Eupogonius comus Bates, 1885, and E. stellatus Chemsak and Noguera, 1995. Other taxonomic or nomenclatural actions included herein are: Eupogonius knabi Fisher, 1925 is transferred to Atelodesmis Chevrolat, 1841, new combination; the gender of the species-group name in Eupogonius azteca Martins, Santos-Silva and Galileo, 2015 is commented on; notes on the geographical distribution of Eupogonius affinis Breuning, 1942, and the problematic morphology of E. infimus (Thomson, 1868) are presented; Eupogonius subaeneus Bates, 1872, and E. marmoratus Fisher, 1925 are revalidated, and E. columbianus Breuning, 1942 is a new synonym of E. subaeneus”.
New state records for three species of lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellinae) are reported from two states in the south-central USA. Hyperaspis bolteri LeConte and Exochomus childreni guexi LeConte are newly reported for the state of Missouri, and Hyperaspis connectens (Thunberg) is newly reported for the state of Mississippi.
The Republic of Panama currently includes 414 recorded species of Trichoptera. Herein we add two new genera (Hydroptilidae: Angrisanoia Ozdikmen, 2008 and Mayatrichia Mosely, 1937) and 17 new country records (Philopotamidae: Chimarra (C.) tapanti Blahnik, Wormaldia bolivari Muñoz-Quesada and Holzenthal, and Wormaldia zunigae Muñoz-Quesada and Holzenthal; Hydropsychidae: Centromacronema pygmaeum Botosaneanu; Hydroptilidae: Brysopteryx esparta Harris and Holzenthal, Byrsopteryx solisi Harris and Holzenthal, Costatrichia falsa Santos, Takiya, and Nessimian, Mayatrichia illobia Harris and Holzenthal, Metrichia amplitudinis Bueno-Soria and Holzenthal, Ochrotrichia boquillas Moulton and Harris, O. conformalis Bueno-Soria and Holzenthal, O. quinealensis Bueno-Soria and Holzenthal, and O. unica Bueno-Soria and Santiago; Leptoceridae: Triaenodes morai Holzenthal and Andersen; Odontoceridae: Marilia kingsolveri Bueno-Soria and Rojas-Ascencio; and, Helicopsychidae: Helicopsyche alajuela Johanson and Holzenthal and Helicopsyche breviterga Flint) to Panama’s caddisfly fauna. The newly recorded taxa increase Panama’s total known caddisfly fauna to 431 species, distributed among 15 families and 55 genera. These results are part of an ongoing effort to characterize the caddisfly fauna of Panama, and to evaluate the aquatic insect diversity of the country’s major watersheds (cuencas).
Although well studied in the Afrotropical Region, the genus Cosmorrhyncha Meyrick, 1913 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae), has received little attention in the New World, where it apparently is restricted to the Neotropics from Guatemala south to Paraguay. Seven species are recognized, five of which are described as new: C. tonsana (Walker, 1863) (Type locality: Brazil); C. ocelliferana (Walker, 1863) (TL: Brazil); C. landryi Brown and Razowski, sp. n. (TL: French Guiana); C. parintina Brown and Razowski, sp. n. (TL: Brazil); C. macrospina Brown and Razowski, sp. n. (TL: Brazil); C. albistrigulana Brown and Razowski, sp. n. (TL: Costa Rica); and C. osana Brown and Razowski, sp. n. (TL: Costa Rica). Our circumscription of C. ocelliferana is rather broad and most likely encompasses a species complex rather than a single entity. Larvae of C. tonsana have been reared from Picramnia latifolia Tul. (Picramniaceae), Dialium guianense (Aubl.) Sandwith (Fabaceae), and Machaerium seemannii Benth. ex Seem. (Fabaceae) in Costa Rica; and those of C. albistrigulana from Dialium guianense (Fabaceae).
Jumping bristletail (Insecta: Apterygota: Microcoryphia) records in the southeastern United States
(2020)
Few records of Microcoryphia exist for the southeastern United States, with named species being reported only from Arkansas, Tennessee, and the mid-Atlantic states, and with an unnamed species being reported from Georgia. Records are here provided from 291 specimens housed in the Mississippi Entomological Museum, including ten new species-level state records. This is also the first published report of the order Microcoryphia from Alabama and Mississippi. Species include the machilids Pedetontoides atlanticus Mendes in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, and North Carolina; Pedetontus cf. atlanticus in Kentucky; Pedetontus (Verhoeffilis) gershneri Allen in Arkansas; and Pedetontus (Pedetontus) saltator Wygodzinsky and Schmidt in Mississippi and North Carolina; and the meinertellid Machiloides banksi (Silvestri) in Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, and North Carolina.
Cyrtinus pygmaeus (Haldeman, 1847) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) is redescribed and newly recorded from Mexico. The female of Decarthria stephensii Hope, 1834 is also redescribed, the number of specimens in the type series is corrected, as is the depository of the types, and the species is newly recorded from Dominica. Two new species of Cyrtinus LeConte, 1852 are described from Mexico: C. fisheri Wappes, Santos-Silva and Nascimento; and C. howdeni Wappes, Santos-Silva and Nascimento. A key to species of Decarthria Hope, 1834 (adapted from an earlier key to Cyrtinini) is provided.
Two new genera of Acanthocinini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Luctithonus Lingafelter and Duocristala Lingafelter, are described from Hispaniola. Two new species of Luctithonus are described: Luctithonus aski Lingafelter and L. duartensis Lingafelter. A third species, L. pantherinus (Zayas), is newly recorded from Hispaniola and the Dominican Republic (new country record), and transferred from Sternidius Haldeman as a new combination. Additional new species of Lamiinae are described from Hispaniola: Eugamandus albipumilus Lingafelter; Leptostylopsis opuntiae Lingafelter; and Lethes turnbowi Lingafelter. Keys to tribes of Lamiinae, genera of Acanthocinini, and species of Luctithonus in Hispaniola are included.
Geography and host spider family are strongly linked in the spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) Entypus unifasciatus (Say) and Tachypompilus ferrugineus (Say) (rusty spider wasp) when 2031 host spider locality records from the years 1918–2020 are mapped. Entypus unifasciatus lycosid host records are plentiful from 43–44° N in the U.S. to northern Mexico. Tachypompilus ferrugineus lycosid host records are numerous from southern Ontario and New England to Mexico east of the Rocky Mountains. Most E. unifasciatus and T. ferrugineus pisaurid host records are from the SE U.S. Trechaleid host records for E. unifasciatus and T. ferrugineus are predominant in southern Mexico and Central America, while ctenid host records for these species are prevalent in northern South America. All E. unifasciatus sparassid host records are from extreme SW U.S. and Mexico, whereas T. ferrugineus sparassid host records are scattered from Texas, Florida and Puerto Rico to Panama. Lycosidae are the predominant host spider family in the Americas for E. unifasciatus (80.3%) and T. ferrugineus (67.4%) followed by Pisauridae (5.4%, 21.7%), Trechaleidae (4.8%, 6.8%), Ctenidae (4.6%, 1.8%), and Sparassidae (4.3%, 1.5%). Lycosidae and Pisauridae are overrepresented in this study as the vast majority of host records (87.8%) are from the U.S. and Ontario, Canada where such species are abundant. Trechaleidae and Ctenidae are grossly underrepresented as host records from Mexico, Central America and South America are scarce (12.2%). Zoropsidae/Miturgidae and Zoropsidae/Agelenidae are atypical host families for E. unifasciatus (0.3%, 0.3%) and T. ferrugineus (0.4%, 0.4%), respectively. Rabidosa rabida (Walckenaer) (Lycosidae) (rabid wolf spider) is the predominant host spider species for both E. unifasciatus (56.8%) and T. ferrugineus (58.3%).
Crioprosopus baldwini Eya (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderini), sp. nov., from Costa Rica and Panama, is described. An amendment to the key to species of Crioprosopus Audinet-Serville, 1834, as presented in Eya (2015), is provided along with illustrations of the key characteristics to differentiate C. baldwini from other species.
In April 2017, several scale insect specimens in the family Dactylopiidae were collected from infested cladodes of wild Opuntia tomentosa Salm-Dyck, 1822 (Cactaceae) in the outskirts of Morelia City, Michoacan, Mexico. The specimens were identified as Dactylopius confusus (Cockerell, 1929) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Dactylopiidae). In this article, the presence of D. confusus in Michoacan state, Mexico, is recorded for the first time. A subsequent finding of D. confusus on Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., (1768) (Cactaceae) in October 2019 was confirmed with 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA.
In 2017, a new project was begun to assess the biodiversity of national parks and forest reserves in the Republic of Panama. Designated “Proyecto Sistema de Producción Sostenible Conservación de la Biodiversidad (PSPSCB)”, this project is managed by Panama’s Ministerio de Ambiente. The first park sampled in 2017 was Omar Torrijos Herrera National Park (OTHNP). Trichoptera (Insecta) were collected at four locations using both Malaise traps and UV light traps. The rugged terrain and lack of access in this remote park limited the sampled area. Sampling included streams in both the Caribbean and Pacific drainages. Seven new species of microcaddisflies (Hydroptilidae: Alistotrichia coclensis Armitage and Harris, Cerasmatrichia akanthos Armitage and Harris, Metrichia corazones Armitage and Harris, Neotrichia espinosa Armitage and Harris, Neotrichia michaeli Armitage and Harris, Neotrichia pierpointorum Armitage and Harris, and Neotrichia yayas Armitage and Harris) and one new country record, Metrichia macrophallata Flint, were identified from this preliminary survey and are reported herein. Other recently described species are reported here for the first time outside of their type localities. Based on other areas more extensively sampled compared to this modest survey, many more new species and new country records await discovery in OTHNP as are reported herein. There are now 439 species distributed among 15 families and 55 genera known from Panama.
After publication of Armitage and Harris (2020), it was noticed that the wrong illustrations were used for the species Neotrichia espinosa Armitage and Harris (Fig. 9) and Neotrichia michaeli Armit-age and Harris (Fig. 10), resulting in images that did not correspond to the captions. The authors and the Insecta Mundi editorial staff apologize for this error. The intended versions of Figures 9 and 10 are reproduced here. Insecta Mundi has also released a revised version of the Armitage and Harris (2020) manuscript, with this error corrected. However, the revised version is not an official peer-reviewed article, and anyone wishing to reference the findings of Armitage and Harris (2020) should cite the original manuscript or this erratum.
The tribal allocation of Xalitla Lane, 1959 (Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) is discussed. Xalitla limoni Santos-Silva and Skillman, new species,is described from Mexico (Jalisco). Xalitla lezamai Galileo and Martins,2008 is determined to be synonymous with X. genuina Martins,1970 and formally placed in synonymy. A key to the species of Xalitla, which includes the new species and synonymy, is provided.
Species of Calloeneis Grote (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are discussed, and a key to all recognized species is provided. New species described are C. alexandra, C. angelica, C. blanca, C. bennetti, C. bethany, C.brooke, C. francis, C. jacquelin, C. johnnie, C. kara, C. krista, C. leticia, C. lynne, C. robyn, C. marianne, C. myra,C. rosalie, C. roxanne and C. sheri, all authored by Gordon and Hanley.
Five new species and one new genus in Neotropical Lamiinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) are de-scribed: Cotycicuiara lingafelteri Wappes and Santos-Silva, from Panama (Acanthoderini); Nesozineus morrisi Wappes and Santos-Silva, from Bolivia (Acanthoderini); Trichoanoreina panamensis Wappes and Santos-Silva, from Panama (Acanthoderini); Callisema skillmani Wappes and Santos-Silva, from Bolivia (Calliini); Rileyellus panamensis Wappes and Santos-Silva, new genus and species, from Panama (Desmiphorini). Callia pulchra Melzer, 1930 is placed in synonymy with Callia axillaris (Dalman, 1823).
Arcola malloi (Pastrana, 1961) is a junior subjective synonym of Macrorrhinia endonephele (Hampson, 1918) syn. nov. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The species is a biological control agent introduced in United States and Australia to control alligatorweed, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. (Amaranthaceae). The synonymy is recognized by comparison of type specimens, genitalic dissections, and DNA COI barcoding. Vogtia Pastrana, 1961 syn. nov. and Arcola Shaffer, 1995 syn. nov. are synonymized with Macrorrhinia Ragonot, 1887. Macror-rhinia megajuxta (Neunzig and Goodson, 1992) comb. nov. is transferred from Ocala Hulst, 1892. Lectotypes are designated for Divitiaca ochrella Barnes and McDunnough, 1913, and Divitiaca simulella Barnes and Mc-Dunnough, 1913.
Three new species of flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) from moss cushions from Puerto Rico are described: Borinken toronegro Konstantinov and Linzmeier and Kiskeya segar-rai Konstantinov and Linzmeier from the Toro Negro mountain region and Kiskeya micheliorum Konstantinov and Linzmeier from the Maricao mountains. New species are compared morphologically with already known species from the same genera. In addition, to determine the similarities between moss inhabiting flea beetles, we sequenced the Cytochrome oxidase I barcode region of larval and adult specimens. In all cases, the distances between species are well outside the 2% species-limit cutoff typically used as an indicator of different species.
We report 106 species of caddisflies (Trichoptera) representing 44 genera and 16 families that were collected across 50 sampling sites in the Buffalo River watershed. The species collected represent about 45% of the known Interior Highlands caddisfly fauna. The most speciose families collected were the Hydroptilidae (30), Leptoceridae (21), and Hydropsychidae (17). Two species found during this study, Paduniella nearctica and Ochrotrichia contorta, are listed as species of special concern in the state of Arkansas due to their relative rarity. Similarity analysis values among collection sites ranged from 9% to 77%. Seriation analysis of caddisfly genera and species showed that most are distributed throughout the entire Buffalo National River but some are restricted to either the upper or lower river or its tributaries. This represents the first comprehensive survey of caddisflies completed for the Buffalo National River.
Close-up photographs of nest entry, nest closure and prey transport taken on sandy coastal back dunes in Santa Barbara County, CA by Alice J. Abela substantiate and enhance written descriptions of these nesting behavior components in Miscophus californicus (Ashmead) [=M. laticeps (Ashmead)] (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae). Dictynidae (Dictyna Sundevall or Emblyna Chamberlin) is introduced as a new host family and host spider leg amputation is revealed for the first time for this small miscophine wasp.
Salacia crassifolia (Mart. ex Schult.) G.Don., (Celastraceae) is a native species of shrub/tree highly appreciated in Brazil for its fruits and medicinal properties. Scale insects have never been reported associated with S. crassifolia; nevertheless, this paper describes the occurrence of two diaspidids on S. crassifolia leaves in Brazil. Three mature trees were inspected in February and March 2018 and scale insect samples were collected and preserved in 70% alcohol, then mounted and identified under an optical microscope. Two species of scale insects were found associated with this plant, Pseudoparlatoria argentata Hempel and Melanaspis aristotelesi Lepage and Giannotti, both from the family Diaspididae (Hemiptera). The three observed trees were infested by the diaspidids, with some leaves completely colonized by both species. This is the first reported occurrence of P. argentata and M. aristotelesi in plants of the Celastraceae family. It is also the first report of these insects in the Distrito Federal, Brazil, expanding the distribution and hosts in native plant species of the Cerrado biome.
Updated distributions are provided for all three species of Phlegyas Stål (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pachygronthidae) in the New World: Phlegyas abbreviatus (Uhler, 1876), P. annulicrus Stål, 1869, and P. patruelis Berg, 1883. In total, four new state records for the United States of America, four new state records for Mexico, one new Canadian provincial record, and one new country record (Nicaragua, P. annulicrus) are presented, along with remarks and corrections.
The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) are one of the most successful groups of plant-feeding arthropods. Most species of shade trees, fruit trees and ornamental shrubs are subject to scale insect attacks. Based on the review of the literature and survey results, the host plant list of the scale insects in South Korea was developed and updated. Herein, an updated list of 253 species of host plants in 71 families associated with scale insects is provided and 162 species in 15 scale insect families are listed.
Presented are species-group names published in the nine coprine genera (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Coprini) having only one lateral carina on each elytron. The data include authorships, dates and pages of original descriptions, geographic distributions, and references to works pertinent to the topic.
Reinstatement of Carposina ottawana Kearfott, 1907 (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae) as a valid species
(2020)
Carposina ottawana Kearfott, 1907 (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae), revised status, formerly considered a synonym of C. sasakii Matsumura, 1900, is returned to species status. Morphological features that separate the Asian species C. sasakii and C. niponensis Walsingham, 1900 from the North American C. ottawana are described and illustrated. A heuristic maximum likelihood (ML) analysis based on the mitochondrial gene cyto-chrome oxidase I (DNA barcode) further supports C. ottawana and C. sasakii as distinct taxa.
In April 2018, specimens of an asterolecaniid were collected on infested wild plants of Asclepias curassavica Linnaeus, 1753 (Gentianales: Asclepiadaceae) in Jiquilpan, Michoacan, Mexico. The collected specimens were identified as Planchonia stentae (Brain,1920) (Hemiptera: Asterolecaniidae). In this paper, we record for the first time the presence of P. stentae infesting A. curassavica in Mexico.
The number of specimens in the type series of Hemilophus leuconotus Laporte, 1840 (= Cirrhicera leuconota) is corrected. Cirrhicera leucronota Thomson, 1857 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Hemilophini), currently considered lapsus calami or an error to C. leuconotus, and the number of specimens in the type series is also corrected. Cirrhicera leuconota is recorded from Guatemala for the first time. The sex of the holotype of Lamacoscylus albatus Martins, Santos-Silva and Galileo, 2015, is corrected, and a new state record in Mexico is provided. The description of the antennae in females of Lamacoscylus Martins and Galileo,1991 is discussed; Malacoscylus humilis Bates,1881 (currently Lamacoscylus humilis) sensu Gahan (1892) is discussed and the two varieties described by him, M. humilis var. fulvescens and M. humilis var. grisescens (only part of the speci-mens), as well as M. usingeri Linsley,1935 are transferred to Schmidarius Santos-Silva, Heffern, Botero and Nascimento, new genus. Additionally, a new species from Mexico (Mexico) is described in Schmidarius as S. kondratieffi Santos-Silva, Heffern, Botero and Nascimento. The correct type-species of Phoebe Audinet-Serville,1835 is determined as Saperda bicornis Olivier,1800 and Phoebe phoebe Lepeletier and Audinet-Serville,1825 and Phoebe tinga Martins and Galileo,1998 are transferred to Phoebella Lane,1966, which is redescribed. Leucophoebe Lane,1976 is synonymized with Phoebe. A key to species of Hemilophini with 12-segmented antennae is provided. The differences between Callanga Lane,1973 and Lapazina Lane,1973 are discussed, and a new species of Callanga from Peru is described as C. ashaninka Santos-Silva, Heffern, Botero and Nascimento. A new species of Fredlanea Martins and Galileo,1996 from Colombia is described as F. lazulina Santos-Silva, Heffern, Botero and Nascimento; a new department record in Colombia is provided for Fredlanea consobrina (Lane,1970) and a chromatic variation in this species is discussed.
Quick and accurate identification of intercepted psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) is an essential requirement for effective pest management and phytosanitary procedures. However, due to lack of morphological characters in the immature stages that can be used to distinguish species, other molecular methods, such as DNA barcoding are proving to be useful. The current study was to designed to generate comprehensive information on the identification of all developmental stages of eight species of psyllids intercepted on consignments of infested fresh cut flowers at the ports of entry in South Korea using DNA barcoding. It is considered that DNA barcoding is a reliable technique for identification of intercepted psyllids for immature stages and will be helpful in the development of more effective pest management options for regulating pest species.
Brachyplatys subaeneus (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), is reported from Miami Beach, FL, the first report from the United States. It was noticed first on a photo-sharing site (iNaturalist) providing an example of the importance of these sites for helping to track introduced species. Information on distribution, host plants and potential spread are provided along with photos and taxonomic characters to assist with identification of this recently introduced species.
A gall midge, Cystiphora sonchi (Vallot, 1827) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is reported for the first time in the continental United States of America from the states of Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota. The gall midge is an obligate parasite of Sonchus L., including perennial sowthistle, Sonchus arvensis L., a weed that was the impetus for earlier releases of C. sonchi as a biological control in Canada. Patches of S. arvensis were commonly infested with C. sonchi, and often leaves were densely galled. Dissections of galled leaves led to the novel finding of multiple C. sonchi larvae in some individual galls. In addition, three parasitoids emerged from galls sampled in South Dakota: Aprostocetus cf. atticus Graham, Ceraphron sp., and a possible new species of Lyrcus Walker. Further research is warranted to determine the geographic extent of C. sonchi and its parasitoids in the USA, and to determine the impact of C. sonchi on its weedy hosts.
Several taxonomic and nomenclatural issues are reviewed, clarified, and resolved for multiple genera of the Erotylinae (Coleoptera: Erotylidae). Generic-group names discussed: Brachymerus Dejean, 1836, Cypherotylus Crotch, 1873, Cytorea Laporte, 1840, Erotylus Fabricius, 1775, Eudaemonius Lewis, 1887, Eutriplax Lewis,1887, Gibbifer Voet, 1806, Neobarytopus Alvarenga, 1965, Neomorphoides Alvarenga, 1977, Ogcotriplax Heller,1920, Paratritoma Gorham, 1888, Platichna Thomson, 1863, Pseudochrysomela Voet, 1806, Pseudotriplax Heller,1920, Triplax Herbst, 1793, Tritomapara Alvarenga, 1970, Typocephalus Hope,1841, and Xestus Wollaston, 1864. Reviewing these issues resulted in a several nomenclatural actions. Eutriplax Lewis,1887,was found to be an unnecessary replacement name for Eudaemonius Lewis,1887.The genus name is reverted to Eudaemonius,
resulting in one new combination: Eudaemonius quinquepustulatus (Li and Ren, 2006).
The Neotropical Tritomapara Alvarenga,1970,was found to be a new objective synonym of Paratritoma Gorham,1888, which is a synonym of Triplax Herbst,1793,leading to the following eight new combinations:
Triplax atricaudata (Kuhnt,1910),Triplax brasiliensis (Guérin,1946),Triplax bruchi (Kuhnt,1910),Triplax caduca (Gorham,1888),Triplax dimidiata (Gorham,1888),Triplax melanoderes (Kuhnt,1910),Triplax triplacoides
(Crotch,1876), and Triplax vivida (Gorham,1888). Erotylus tibialis Duponchel, 1825, is recognized as the valid type species for Brachymerus Dejean 1836, which moves the name Brachymerus to a different genus-group taxon and renders Neomorphoides Alvarenga, 1977, a new synonym. This revalidates Neobarytopus Alvarenga, 1965, as originally proposed. These genus-group names are presently subgenera in Iphiclus Dejean, 1836, and the move creates 23 new combinations in Iphiclus(Brachymerus) Dejean, 1836: I. (B.) amazonus (Crotch, 1876), I. (B.) atriventris (Mader,1943), I. (B.) bicolor(Lacordaire,1842), I. (B.) clavicornis (Olivier,1792), I. (B.) columbiae (Crotch,1876), I. (B.) costaricensis (Mader,1943), I. (B.) disconigrum (Mader,1942), I. (B.) dorsonotatus (Lacordaire, 1842), I. (B.) fulviventris (Gorham,1888), I. (B.) humeropictus (Mader,1943), I. (B.) lateripunctatus (Crotch,1876), I. (B.) melanopus (Gorham,1888), I. (B.) neglectus (Guérin,1956), I. (B.) nigritarsis (Mader,1942), I. (B.) nigriventris (Crotch, 1876), I. (B.) nigropectus (Mader,1942), I. (B.) posticenigrum (Mader,1942), I. (B.) pyrrhocephalus (Erichson,1847), I. (B.) rubripennis (Lacordaire,1842), I. (B.) signaticollis (Kuhnt,1910), I. (B.) simplex (Lacordaire,1842), I. (B.) spilotus (Gorham,1888), I. (B.) tibialis (Duponchel,1825); and, 75 new combinations in Iphiclus (Neobarytopus) Alvarenga, 1965: I. (N.) adustus (Duponchel,1825), I. (N.) alboniger (Guérin,1956), I. (N.) amictus (Erichson,1847), I. (N.) andicola (Kirsch,1867), I. (N.) assequens (Mader,1942), I. (N.) bajulus (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) batesi (Gorham, 1889),I. (N.) bellulus (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) bicinctus (Olivier,1807), I. (N.) bistrifoliatus (Gorham,1889), I. (N.) bizonatus (Crotch,1876), I. (N.) bremei (Guérin-Méneville,1841), I. (N.) brongniarti (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) brunneostriolatus (Kuhnt, 1910), I. (N.) cerasinus (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) conformis (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.)distinctus (Duponchel, 1825), I. (N.) divisus (Guérin,1956), I. (N.) dorsalis (Olivier,1792), I. (N.) eburneus (Crotch,1876), I. (N.) elegans (Mader,1942), I. (N.) epipleuralis (Crotch,1876), I. (N.) erichsoni (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) flavofasciatus (Duponchel,1825), I. (N.) flavosignatus (Duponchel,1825), I. (N.) fragmentatus (Gorham,1888), I.(N.) friedei (Mader,1938), I. (N.) geometra (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) hebriacus (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) hexastictus (Crotch,1876), I. (N.) incas (Gorham,1889), I. (N.) iris (Guérin,1956), I. (N.) jacinthoi (Alvarenga,1977), I.(N.) laceratus (Mader,1938), I. (N.) lugens (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) lunaris (Guérin,1956), I. (N.) luteozonatus (Crotch, 1876), I. (N.) miles (Mader,1942), I. (N.) mirus (Mader,1942), I. (N.) musicalis (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) neophyta (Lacordaire, 1842), I. (N.) nigripennis (Demay,1838), I. (N.) nigropictus (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) nigrofasciatus (Mader,1942), I. (N.) nitidulus (Oliver,1807), I. (N.) obsoletesignatus (Crotch, 1876), I. (N.) octoguttatus (Olivier,1807), I. (N.) octopustulatus (Guérin,1956), I. (N.) odyneroides (Crotch, 1876), I. (N.) ornatus (Kuhnt,1909), I. (N.) pantherinus (Kuhnt, 1909), I. (N.) pauper (Guérin,1956), I. (N.) peraffinis (Crotch,1876), I. (N.) perplexus (Mader,1942), I. (N.) peruvianus (Mader,1942), I. (N.) planipennis (Kuhnt,1909), I. (N.) puncticollis (Kirsch,1876), I. (N.) quadrifasciatus (Kirsch,1865), I. (N.) quinquefasciatus (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) ramosus (Olivier,1807), I. (N.) regularis (Erichson, 1848), I. (N.) rhomboidalis (Guérin,1956), I. (N.) rufipennis (Panzer,1798), I. (N.) salamandra (Erichson,1847), I. (N.) spectabilis (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) stramineus (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) subsanguineus (Crotch,1876), I. (N.) superbus (Mader,1942), I. (N.) tigrinatus (Guérin,1956), I. (N.) tricinctus (Duponchel,1825), I. (N.) trifasciatus (Olivier,1807), I. (N.) tripartitus (Lacordaire,1842), I. (N.) ucayalensis (Gorham,1889), I. (N.) venezuelae (Crotch, 1876), I. (N.) westwoodi (Guérin-Méneville,1841).
The works of Voet (1766–1778,1806) do not follow binominal nomenclature and are therefore unavailable by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Article 11.4.Thus, Voet’s (1806) generic names “Pseudochrysomela” and “Gibbifer”, and the species names proposed in each, are unavailable. Removing them from nomenclatural considerations resulted in the following nomenclatural acts: the resurrection of Erotylus rufipennis Panzer,1798, now Iphiclus (Neobarytopus) rufipennis (Panzer) new combination; the proposal of a new name, Iphiclus (Brachymerus) fabricii Skelley for Erotylus rufipennis Fabricius, 1801, not Erotylus rufipennis Panzer, 1798; new combinations for the two species, Cypherotylus adrianae (Alvarenga, 1976) and Cypherotylus borgmeieri (Alvarenga, 1976); and revalidated status for the five species names, Erotylus variegatus Fabricius,
1781, Barytopus gronovii (Herbst, 1783), Prepopharus notatus (Olivier, 1792), Iphiclus (Iphiclus) sedecimguttatus (Olivier, 1792), and Cypherotylus duponcheli Arrow, 1937.
Recent shipments of aquarium plants to pet stores in five Florida counties were found to be infested with an exotic delphacid planthopper. Rearing adult males allowed identification by morphological analysis. Molecular analysis confirmed that it was the same as authoritatively identified reference specimens of the planthopper, Opiconsiva anacharsis (Fennah) (new combination) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), first reported from Florida in 1989 and known to be established only in Broward County. The host plants, Echinodorus spp. Rich. ex Engelm.(Alismatales: Alismataceae), originally from Thailand, were sold in enclosed plastic cylinders that provided a suitable environment for maintaining the planthoppers. Attempts to trace the shipment histories to these stores suggested a circuitous multi-state pathway leading to a Broward County, Florida, business that receives aquatic plants from Southeast Asia. While the infestation of these plants may have occurred in Florida, trade in semi-emergent aquatic plants is shown to be a potential pathway for introduction for insect pests.
Pteroplatus antonkozlovi Santos-Silva and Botero, sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is described from Panama. Neocompsa thelgema Martins,1971 is recorded from Panama, and chromatic variation is discussed.The female of Icimauna aysa Martins and Galileo,1991 is described. Some corrections in a recently published work on Acanthoderini are provided, and the combination Scythropopsis pupillata (Bates,1880) is established as having precedence over the simultaneously published combination Aegomorphus pupillatus (Bates,1880).
A new species of the genus Termitodiellus Nakane, 1961—T. mindanaoensis Minkina and Kakizoe, new species from Mindanao Island in the Philippines is described and illustrated. Photographs of the epipharynx of Termitodiellus species are provided for the first time. A short discussion of the phylogeny of Rhyparini Schmidt, 1910 is presented.
Asiothrixus antidesmae (Takahashi) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), una especie de mosca blanca asiática, fue encontrada sobre Ixora sp. en la República Dominicana, lo cual representa un nuevo registro en el país. Se presenta información básica sobre la especie, una diagnosis e ilustraciones para ayudar en su identificación.
The arboreal click beetle fauna (Coleoptera: Elateridae) in a lowland tropical rainforest in southern Venezuela was observed and collected by means of a tower crane for a full year. The evaluation of the elaterid assemblage is part of a general survey of Coleoptera associated with several canopy trees. The Elateridae represented the tenth most species-rich beetle family in the canopy of the crane plot and was therefore selected for a detailed analysis of host-use patterns. In total, 20 species of Elateridae with 402 adult individuals were sampled, including seven singletons. Species were either flower visiting (Aeolus Eschscholtz and Cosmesus Candèze) or fed mainly on extrafloral nectaries (Chalcolepidius Eschscholtz, Crepidius Candèze, Lacon Castelnau, Lissomus Dalman, and Semiotus Eschscholtz). The most abundant species was Aeolus sp. 1 (N = 306) feeding on flowers of nine different host-tree species. This species was found often in high abundances during the entire flowering period of a single tree species with highest abundances coinciding with the maximum of open flowers. Aeolus sp. 1 was recorded almost every month of the year moving usually from one flowering tree species to another comprising possibly the entire local population. This species showed preferences between different tree species and occurred there only at night. Tree species that supported the most species-rich elaterid assemblages were Ruizterania trichanthera (Spruce ex Warm.) Marc.-Berti (Vochysiaceae) (N = 8) and Goupia glabra Aubl. (Goupiaceae) (N = 6). Only one elaterid species with at least two collected individuals was found restricted to one tree species.
Over the past decade, a previously unrecorded spittlebug of the genus Clastoptera Germar (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea: Clastopteridae) has been observed in abundance on oaks (Quercus L. spp., Fagaceae) in several Florida counties. We describe this spittlebug as a new species, Clastoptera querci Thompson, Halbert and Rothschild, new species, provide information on its life history, host plants and distribution, and place it in the context of other members of the genus. Clastoptera spp. can transmit Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al., a bacterial pathogen that causes bacterial leaf scorch associated with oak decline. Thus C. querci should be monitored as a possible vector of X. fastidiosa in oaks.
Many species of plants and a few species of animals are believed to have resulted from hybridization of parental species, and the ability of species to occasionally hybridize in captivity and in nature is even more widespread. In the present study, we describe a hybridization experiment conducted in the laboratory between the sexually dimorphic Automeris io (Fabricius), a widespread, variable species ranging from Canada to Costa Rica, and its congener A. louisiana (Ferguson and Brou), a more local, sexually monomorphic species (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). The A. louisiana populations occur in a highly specialized habitat—the coastal marshland along the Gulf of Mexico in Louisiana and Texas and is nested inside the broad distribution of A. io, demonstrating strong differences from the latter in its ecology and morphology. No natural hybridization between the two species has been described. While the separate species status of A. io and A. louisiana is supported by morphology and ecology of their populations, we were able to create a hybrid lineage in the laboratory and maintained it for three generations. The hybrids were phenotypically intermediate between the parental species. Under a stricter reading of the biological species concept, such an ability to hybridize would be interpreted by some as a sign of conspecificity. Our experiments once again demonstrate the complexity of ‘species’ as a concept, which may need major redefinition in the popular interpretation of sciences.