Linguistik
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (1356)
- Part of a Book (784)
- Working Paper (254)
- Review (181)
- Conference Proceeding (166)
- Preprint (122)
- Book (108)
- Part of Periodical (64)
- Report (58)
- Doctoral Thesis (23)
Language
- English (1538)
- German (1054)
- Croatian (298)
- Portuguese (120)
- Turkish (43)
- Multiple languages (24)
- French (21)
- mis (16)
- Spanish (7)
- Polish (4)
Has Fulltext
- yes (3134) (remove)
Keywords
- Deutsch (436)
- Syntax (151)
- Linguistik (127)
- Englisch (123)
- Semantik (112)
- Spracherwerb (96)
- Phonologie (86)
- Rezension (77)
- Kroatisch (68)
- Fremdsprachenlernen (67)
Institute
- Extern (438)
- Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) Mannheim (113)
- Neuere Philologien (43)
- Sprachwissenschaften (43)
- Universitätsbibliothek (4)
- Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaften (3)
- Gesellschaftswissenschaften (2)
- Medizin (2)
- Präsidium (2)
- SFB 268 (2)
In this paper we provide an account of the historical development of Polish and Russian sibilants. The arguments provided here are of theoretical interest because they show that (i) certain allophonic rules are driven by the need to keep contrasts perceptually distinct, (ii) (unconditioned) sound changes result from needs of perceptual distinctiveness, and (iii) perceptual distinctiveness can be extended to a class of consonants, i.e. the sibilants. The analysis is cast within Dispersion Theory by providing phonetic and typological data supporting the perceptual distinctiveness claims we make.
Metaphorical awareness of the native speakers of English in the conceptualisation of happiness
(2000)
There is an elegant account, proposed by Beaver and Condoravdi (2003), that assumes that the temporal connectives before and after are converses (i.e., they are analyzed by means of a unified lexical schema), and that explains away their different logical and veridical behavior appealing to other factors. There is an elegant explanation that connects the licensing of Polarity Items to informational strengthening requirements: Polarity Items are viewed as existentials that lead to a widening of the domain of quantification, and they are predicted to be legitimate only when this widening leads to a stronger statement (roughly, in downward monotone contexts). My plan is to connect these two approaches – by proposing an amendment in the definition Beaver and Condoravdi presented for before and after that is meant to account also for their Polarity Items licensing behavior.
Es steht außer Zweifel, dass die gesellschaftlich-politischen Veränderungen der 1990er Jahre für kaum eine Forschungsrichtung so große Möglichkeiten eröffnet haben, wie für die Geschichte, die damit eng verbundene Sprachgeschichte sowie für die daran anschließenden sprachwissenschaftlichen Teildisziplinen wie Kontaktlinguistik, Mundart- und Namenforschung. Länder und Regionen, die fast ein halbes Jahrhundert lang hinter dem "Eisernen Vorhang" verschwunden waren, rückten wieder in die Mitte Europas. Der Wegfall nationalpolitischer und ideologischer Tabuisierungen weiter Teile ihrer kulturellen und historischen Entwicklung eröffnete reale Möglichkeiten der Zusammenarbeit mit ausländischen Forschern, des Anschlusses an internationale Wissenschaftstrends und nicht zuletzt die bis dahin kaum bestehenden Chancen für persönliche Kontakte mit den Menschen, deren Namen man zwar kannte, über ihre Bindungen zu den Ländern des Ostblocks als Germanist der Nachkriegszeit jedoch nur rätseln konnte.
Das Stadtbuch der Stadt Prešov ist ein Buch der Einträge aus den Jahren 1424 – 1509. In einem verhältnismäßig gut erhaltenen Zustand befindet es sich im Staatlichen Archiv Prešov unter dem Titel "Nota liber secretarii civitatis Eppries" im Fonds des Magistrats der Stadt Prešov unter der Nr. 2677. Als Bestandteil des Kulturerbes bietet dieses Buch historisch wertvolle Informationen über die Bewohner der Stadt Prešov und deren Lebensweise, bietet Einsicht in Erbvereinbarungen, Schulden, Geldangelegenheiten sowie Ehrenbeleidigungssachen.
This paper shows that the Gerund Phrase (GP) in the Spanish Gerund Construction (e.g., El jefe entró a su oficina corriendo, lit. The boss entered his office running ) is sometimes a complement (in SGCC) and sometimes an adjunct (in SGCA). Although in both cases, the GP expresses a non-argument of the main lexical verb's denotation, it is a syntactic adjunct in SGCA and a syntactic dependent of the main clause s head in SGCC. We argue that there is a semantic correlate of this syntactic difference and propose a general principle that constrains the semantic relations that can hold between the denotata of heads and added members of their ARG-ST lists: The two denotata must be part of a larger macro-event in the sense of Talmy (2000). We further show that the relation between the events denoted by the gerund and main verbs involves four semantic conditions and that which subset of those four conditions are satisfied in a particular SGCC sentence determines what subkind of SGCC is involved.
In this paper I would like to show that the principles which have been proposed so far to account for the relationship between the informational level and the syntactic level in a Chinese utterance are unable to predict some interesting and regular facts of that language.
To my mind, the form and the position of the question operator in an interrogative utterance provide two distributional tests which univocally indicate where the new information lies. Hence, the pairing of affirmative and interrogative sentences might be a better approach to locate where the new information lies in a Chinese utterance.
In this paper, we introduce an extension of the XMG system (eXtensibleMeta-Grammar) in order to allow for the description of Multi-Component Tree Adjoining Grammars. In particular, we introduce the XMG formalism and its implementation, and show how the latter makes it possible to extend the system relatively easily to different target formalisms, thus opening the way towards multi-formalism.
In this paper we present a parsing architecture that allows processing of different mildly context-sensitive formalisms, in particular Tree-Adjoining Grammar (TAG), Multi-Component Tree-Adjoining Grammar with Tree Tuples (TT-MCTAG) and simple Range Concatenation Grammar (RCG). Furthermore, for tree-based grammars, the parser computes not only syntactic analyses but also the corresponding semantic representations.
The argument-modifier distinction is less clear in NPs than in VPs; nouns do not typically take arguments. The clearest cases of arguments in NPs are in certain kinds of nominalizations which retain some "verbal" properties (Grimshaw 1990). The status of apparent arguments of non-deverbal relational nouns like sister is more controversial.
Genitive constructions like 'John's teacher', 'team of John's' offer a challenging testing ground for the argument-modifier distinction in NPs, both in English and cross-linguistically. On the analyses of Partee (1983/97) and Barker (1995), the DP in a genitive phrase (i.e. 'John' in 'John's') is always an argument of some relation, but the relation does not always come from the head noun. On those "ambiguity" analyses, some genitives are argument-like and some are modifier-like. Recent proposals by Jensen and Vikner and by Borschev and Partee analyze all genitives as argument-like, a conclusion we are no longer sure of.
In this paper we explore a range of possible analyses: argument-only, modifier-only, and ambiguity analyses, and consider the kinds of semantic evidence that suggest that different analyses may be correct for different genitive or possessive constructions in different languages.
This paper presents an exploratory production study of Bharatanatyam, a figurative (narrative) dance. We investigate the encoding of coreference vs. disjoint reference in this dance and argue that a formal semantics of narrative dance can be modeled in line with Abusch’s (2013, 2014, 2015) semantics of visual narrative (drawing also on Schlenker’s, 2017a, approach to music semantics). A main finding of our investigation is that larger-level group-boundaries (Charnavel, 2016) can be seen as triggers for discontinuity inferences (possibly involving the dynamic shift from one salient entity to another).
It has been established since Kanerva’s work that focus conditions phrasing – directly or indirectly – in several other Bantu languages, e.g. Chimwiini (Kisseberth 2007, Downing 2002, Kisseberth & Abasheikh 2004), Xhosa (Jokweni 1995, Zerbian 2004), Chitumbuka (Downing 2006, 2007), Zulu (Cheng & Downing 2006, Downing 2007), Bemba (Kula 2007), etc.
In this paper, I will argue that focus also conditions phrasing in Shingazidja, a Bantu language3 spoken on Grande Comore (or Ngazidja, the largest island of the Comoros).
Many works have been dedicated to the tonology of Shingazidja. The bases of the system were firstly identified by Tucker & Bryan (1970) and reanalyzed by Philippson (1988). Later, Cassimjee & Kisseberth (1989, 1992, 1993, 1998) provide a very convincing analysis of the whole system of the language, and my own research (Patin 2007a) shows a great correspondence with their results. However, little attention has been paid by these authors or others (Jouannet 1989, Rey 1990, Philippson 2005) to the phonology-pragmatics interface, especially on the relation between focus and phrasing. This paper thus proposes to explore this question. It will be claimed that focus, beside syntax, has an influence on phrasing in Shingazidja.
Símákonde is an Eastern Bantu language (P23) spoken by immigrant Mozambican communities in Zanzibar and on the Tanzanian mainland. Like other Makonde dialects and other Eastern and Southern Bantu languages (Hyman 2009), it has lost the historical Proto-Bantu vowel length contrast and now has a regular phrase-final stress rule, which causes a predictable bimoraic lengthening of the penultimate syllable of every Prosodic Phrase. The study of the prosody / syntax interface in Símákonde Relative Clauses requires to take into account the following elements: the relationship between the head and the relative verb, the conjoint / disjoint verbal distinction and the various phrasing patterns of Noun Phrases. Within Símákonde noun phrases, depending on the nature of the modifier, three different phrasing situations are observed: a modifier or modifiers may (i) be required to phrase with the head noun, (ii) be required to phrase separately, or (iii) optionally phrase with the head noun.
This questionnaire is intended as an aid to eliciting different question types, including yes/no questions, alternative questions, and wh-questions on a range of constituents. We have taken care to include examples that allow one to test for common Bantu phenomena, such as a subject/non-subject asymmetry in wh-questions and an obligatory immediately after the verb (IAV) position for questioning verb complements. The questionnaire is intended as a guide, only, as every language will have its own set of possibilities and complications. At the end of the questionnaire is a checklist. While we had Bantu languages in mind in devising the questionnaire, we hope it will also be useful to linguists with an interest question constructions in other languages.
The goal of this paper is to investigate cases of apparent noun-incorporation in Malagasy, a western Austronesian language spoken in Madagascar. Looking at examples [...], one may ask whether or not Malagasy has nounincorporation. [...] The organization of this paper is as follows: I begin with a general discussion of the distribution of nominals in Malagasy - with and without determiners. In section 3 I turn to […] two constructions […] and compare and contrast them. Section 4 details the analyses of the two constructions and I conclude the paper in section 5.
This article presents linguistic features of and educational approaches to a new variety of German that has emerged in multi-ethnic urban areas in Germany: Kiezdeutsch (‘Hood German’). From a linguistic point of view, Kiezdeutsch is very interesting, as it is a multi-ethnolect that combines features of a youth language with those of a contact language. We will present examples that illustrate the grammatical productivity and innovative potential of this variety. From an educational perspective, Kiezdeutsch has also a high potential in many respects: school projects can help enrich intercultural communication and weaken derogatory attitudes. In grammar lessons, Kiezdeutsch can be a means to enhance linguistic competence by having the adolescents analyse their own language. Keywords: German, Kiezdeutsch, multi-ethnolect, migrants’ language, language change, educational proposals
Während Anglizismen in deutscher Jugend- und Standardsprache bereits gut untersucht sind, stellt der Einfluss des Englischen auf multiethnolektale Varietäten des Deutschen noch ein unbestelltes Feld dar. Mit diesem Beitrag möchten wir einen Anstoß für künftige Forschungsarbeit in diesem Gebiet geben und zugleich einige erste Schritte unternehmen
"Ich mag so Wasserpfeifeladen" : the interaction of grammar and information structure in Kiezdeutsch
(2008)
Wenn in dieser Arbeit von "dem Chinesischen" die Rede ist, so ist darunter die heute in China gesprochene Umgangssprache zu verstehen. Diese pǔtōnghuà, d.h. 'allgemeine Sprache', basiert vor allem auf dem im Norden Chinas gesprochenen Dialekt und zwar sowohl auf phonologischer, syntaktischer als auch lexikalischer Ebene. [...] Den Untersuchungsgegenstand dieser Arbeit bildet eine Gruppe von Morphemen im Chinesischen, die sowohl Vollverben sind als auch in Sätzen der Form 'Subjekt ___ NP V (NP)' vorkommen, in denen sie mit der darauffolgenden Nominalphrase eine Konstituente bilden und keinen Vollverbstatus mehr haben. In dieser Funktion werden sie als "Koverb" bezeichnet. […] [K]ategorielle[] Analysen werden dem Phänomen der Koverben nicht gerecht. Vielmehr deutet ihr unterschiedliches Verhalten auf ein Kontinuum, auf dem sie sich zwischen den Polen Verb und Präposition einordnen lassen. Um die verschiedenen Positionen der Koverben auf dem Kontinuum zu bestimmen, die ihrem unterschiedlich hohen Grad an Verbalhaftigkeit entsprechen, werden sie einer Reihe von Tests unterzogen, die Aufschluß über ihren verbalen Charakter geben.[…] Den Schwerpunkt der Arbeit bilden die Kapitel 5 bis 10, in denen jeweils ein Koverb behandelt wird. Die in diesem Teil vorgestellten Daten wurden vorwiegend durch Informantenbefragung gewonnen sowie aus der Literatur übernommen. Diese zitierten Beispiele wurden mithilfe der Informantin überprüft. Den Abschluß der Arbeit bildet Kapitel 11, in dem die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung in einer Skala zusammengefaßt werden und der theoretische Hintergrund dieser Darstellungsweise erläutert wird.
Leksikografska obradba polisemnih naziva (na primjeru naziva društvenih znanstvenih disciplina)
(2009)
U radu se razmatra problem obradbe polisemnih naziva u općim i terminološkim rječnicima u hrvatskom jeziku na primjeru nazivlja društvenih znanstvenih disciplina. Nazivi iz rječničkoga korpusa (terminoloških i općih rječnika) uspoređuju se s potvrdama naziva u publicističkome funkcionalnom stilu (korpus Hrvatske jezične riznice), a posebno se analiziraju primjeri determinologizacije u publicističkome funkcionalnom stilu. Provedenom je analizom potvrđena sustavnost obradbe polisemnih naziva u općim i terminološkim rječnicima, ali su potvrđene i određene pogreške u obradbi naziva u općim rječnicima (netočno definirana značenja ili izostavljena pojedina česta značenja). U skladu s provedenom analizom daje se i prijedlog obradbe naziva u općem i terminološkom rječniku te se izdvajaju načela koja su bitna pri strukturiranju definicija u općim i terminološkim rječnicima u hrvatskome jeziku.