Linguistik
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (1213)
- Part of a Book (784)
- Working Paper (254)
- Review (181)
- Conference Proceeding (166)
- Preprint (122)
- Book (108)
- Part of Periodical (64)
- Report (58)
- Doctoral Thesis (23)
Language
Has Fulltext
- yes (2991) (remove)
Keywords
- Deutsch (436)
- Syntax (151)
- Linguistik (126)
- Englisch (123)
- Semantik (112)
- Spracherwerb (96)
- Phonologie (85)
- Rezension (77)
- Kroatisch (68)
- Fremdsprachenlernen (67)
Institute
- Extern (438)
- Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) Mannheim (113)
- Neuere Philologien (43)
- Sprachwissenschaften (43)
- Universitätsbibliothek (4)
- Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaften (3)
- Gesellschaftswissenschaften (2)
- Medizin (2)
- Präsidium (2)
- SFB 268 (2)
The article describes the role of German as a working language and official language of the European Union. It also focuses on issues associated with the notion of an 'overarching' language of general use: especially in the field of law, each language reflects the specific legal and administrative traditions of the society in which it developed, meaning that different languages frequently lack precise one-to-one equivalents for particular legal concepts. Finally, the author assesses the 'economic value' of several European languages as proposed by Ulrich Ammons, demonstrating that German plays a leading role in this regard.
Přìběh o svatoduńnìm zázraku ve Skutcìch apońtolů je východiskem pro pozorovánì a reflexi vztahu mezi vìnem a jazykem: veřìcì Ņidé podezřìvajì apońtoly mluvìcì v jazycìch (glosolálie), ņe vypili přìliń mnoho vìna. To dalo vzniknout různým frazeologismům. Kromě toho ukazujì různé překlady bible různorodost výrazů pro vìno v němčině. V německém jazyce představuje vìno v kognitivnìm pojetì blahobyt, úspěch a pohostinnost.
Wissenschaft ist das Suchen nach (neuen) Erkenntnissen. Die Erkenntnisse bzw. deren Resultate werden vom denkenden und erkennenden Menschen in Begriffe, in kognitive Einheiten, gefasst; damit diese Begriffe kommunizierbar werden, müssen sie mit Wörtern, sprachlichen Einheiten, benannt werden. Auf diese Weise kommt es (auch) zu fachlichen Terminologien.
Ein Blick in die Geschichte der deutschen Sprache kann diese kognitiven und sprachlichen Prozesse illustrieren: Die deutsche Mystik des Mittelalters stellt die Sprecher/innen vor die Notwendigkeit, neue Erfahrungen, die der "Unio mystica", zu versprachlichen. Da eine deutsche Wissenschaftssprache sich erst im 18. Jahrhundert zu etablieren beginnt, ist die 'Fachsprache' der deutschen Mystik eine wichtige Vorstufe, die die Möglichkeiten, zu neuen Termini zu kommen, systematisiert. Wenn heute die deutschen Fachsprachen, wie es oft gefordert wird, vom Englischen abgelöst werden, gehen wichtige Erkenntnisquellen verloren.
Schmid versteht unter Fachliteratur – um die geht es, wie gesagt, zunächst – "eine beträchtliche Anzahl von profanen, nicht-fiktionalen Texten, die wissenschaftliche oder alltagspraktische Gegenstände behandeln". Allerdings notiert Schmid kurz darauf, dass mehrere Autoren anstelle von "'Fach- oder 'Fachsprache'", von "Fachliteratur" oder "Fachprosa" sprechen. Schmid betont dazu, dass es ihm eben weniger um literarische oder literaturhistorische Fragen geht, sondern vielmehr um fachsprachhistorische" Aspekte.
On history in the present day. Laudatio to Lenka Vaňková.
This paper takes as its starting point several statements by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz on the role of the German language in literary and scholarly life during Leibniz's era. The languages of scholarship were Latin and French, and Leibniz himself published in both these languages. German was the language of practical life. Viewed from this perspective, it was almost inevitable that medieval and early modern medicine - not in the sense of academic theory, but as a practical activity - developed its own fully-fledged specialist language, which was largely based on the vernacular. In her studies of the language of historical medicine, Lenka Vaňková has shown how such vernacular language was (and potentially still is) able to function in specialist domains.
The 'Deutsche Referenzkorpus (DeReKo)' of the Mannheimer Institut für Deutsche Sprache currently contains over 28 billion words, and it is constantly being expanded. The sheer size of the corpus makes it impractical for researchers to analyze its entire content. On the other hand, the DeReKo offers the possibility of taking seriously the principle that every research project needs its own corpus - by acting as a 'reference corpus' that can be used in combination with special corpora. This paper addresses the question of whether a corpus should contain complete texts or only statistically relevant extracts; it also discusses the uses and necessity of 'small corpora'.
A university continually produces new knowledge and discoveries, knowledge which is condensed in mental concepts resp. terms. These concepts have to be nominated by linguistic signs, normally by words. Research in linguistic fields provides the essential theoretical and practical fundaments, especially by research in language for special purposes.
Based on the privative derivational suffix -los, we test statements found in the literature on word formation using a – at least in this field – novel empirical basis: a list of affective-emotional ratings of base nouns and associated -los derivations. In addition to a frequency analysis based on the German Reference Corpus, we show that, in general, emotional polarity (so-called valence, positive vs. negative emotions) is reversed by suffixation with -los. This change is stronger for more polarized base nouns. The perceived intensity of emotion (so-called arousal) is generally lower for -los derivations than for base nouns. Finally, to capture the results theoretically, we propose a prototypical -los construction in the framework of Construction Morphology.
Focus on verbal operators such as aspect or tense ("predication focus", lucidly described by Hyman & Watters (1984) under the label "auxiliary focus") has been noticed to exist in African languages of Afroasiatic and Niger-Congo affiliation, but not so far in Saharan. The Saharan language Kanuri is assumed to have substantially reorganized its TAM system, particularly in the perfective aspect domain (Cyffer [2006] dates major changes between the years 1820 and 1900). The paper discusses, for the first time in Kanuri scholarship, the existence of a neat subsystem of predication focus marking by suffix in the perfective aspect which is made up of a total of six conjugational paradigms that uniformly encode predication focus by suffix {-ò}. Kanuri dialects differ in strategies and scope of focus marking encoded in verb morphology. In the light of data from the Yerwa (Nigeria) and Manga (Niger) dialects the paper discusses some "anomalies" with regard to general focus theory which we account for by describing the "Kanuri Focus Shift" as a diachronic process which is responsible for leftward displacement of scope of focus.
In dieser Arbeit wird der Interrelation zwischen kulturellen, kognitiven und kommunikativ-sprachlichen Phänomenen nachgegangen. Kulturelles prägt nicht nur das enzyklopädische Weltwissen, sondern beeinflusst auch die Sprache als System und den Sprachgebrauch. Kulturelles Wissen manifestiert sich in den Bedeutungen bestimmter Lexeme, in kulturgeprägten Weltwissensrepräsentationen, als Handlungsmusterwissen und Verhaltensstereotypkenntnis, sowie in Präferenzen für die Selektion, Anordnung und Kombination von sprachlichen Systemelementen lexikalischer wie morphosyntaktischer Art zu Textsortenexemplaren. Die der Übersetzungstätigkeit daraus erwachsenden Schwierigkeiten werden differenziert durchleuchtet.