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This paper examines whether an exogenous anticipated monetary shock causes real economic effects, i.e. whether anticipated money is neutral. A major finding is that an anticipated monetary shock can in fact be massively non-neutral in the shortrun, if the economic environment is characterized by strategic complementarity. If the environment is characterized by strategic substitutability, anticipated monetary shocks are largely neutral.
Compliance with prevailing accounting standards is induced if the expected disadvantage due to sanctions imposed if non-compliance is detected outweighs the advantage of noncompliant accounting choices. The expected disadvantage materialises the threat potential of sanctions imposed by an enforcement agency. The capital market mechanism unfolds an important threat potential if companies expect an adverse share price reaction suite to enforcement actions. Enforcement agencies in turn can make use of this capital market related sanction by releasing information on defections to the market after the settlement of an investigation. The present contribution analyses the capital market reaction on accounting standards enforcement activities of the British Financial Reporting Review Panel (FRRP). After a brief introduction into the legal basis and working procedure of the Panel, the analysis of its activities will serve a dual purpose: firstly, the significance of capital market related sanctions for the overall enforcement regime will be elaborated upon. Secondly, the extent to which capital market related sanctions accomplish their function within the overall enforcement regime will be assessed empirically. The results of the empirical analysis suggest that the capital market related sanctioning by the FRRP may not unfold a sufficient threat potential which is a prerequisite for compliance enhancement.