Medizin
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (53)
Has Fulltext
- yes (53) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (53) (remove)
Keywords
- (surface) partial differential equations (3)
- Finite Volumes (3)
- Liver cirrhosis (3)
- computational virology (3)
- massively parallel multigrid solvers (3)
- realistic geometries (3)
- viral dynamics (3)
- 3D spatio-temporal resolved mathematical models (2)
- HIV (2)
- hepatitis C virus (2)
- hepatitis C virus (HCV) (2)
- immune reconstitution (2)
- mathematical models of viral RNA cycle (2)
- sphingolipid (2)
- within-host viral modelling (2)
- 3D spatiotemporal resolved mathematical models (1)
- ATM (1)
- Acoustics (1)
- Aging (1)
- Alcoholic liver disease (1)
- Allergic rhinitis (1)
- Aspergillus fumigatus (1)
- Ataxia telangiectasia (1)
- CD3/19 depletion (1)
- CD34 selection (1)
- Caco-2 cells (1)
- Cancer detection and diagnosis (1)
- Cancer treatment (1)
- Cell motility (1)
- Cell salvage (1)
- Cell-to-Cell Spread (1)
- Chronic heart failure (1)
- Colorectal cancer (1)
- Computed axial tomography (1)
- Cytology (1)
- Cytoskeletal proteins (1)
- DHA (1)
- Deformation (1)
- EPA (1)
- Early goal-directed therapy (1)
- Ellipsoids (1)
- Epidural block (1)
- Exercise challenge at an ambient temperature (1)
- Exercise challenge in a cold chamber (1)
- Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (1)
- Fibrotest (1)
- GVHD (1)
- Genetic testing (1)
- H1N1 (1)
- HCV (1)
- HSCT (1)
- Hemagglutination inhibition assay (1)
- Hemorrhage (1)
- Hepatitis (1)
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (1)
- Hepatotoxicity (1)
- House dust mite allergy (1)
- IgE (1)
- IgG4-related disease (1)
- Immune suppression (1)
- Immunohistochemistry techniques (1)
- Immunology (1)
- In-line filtration (1)
- Indeterminate biliary stricture (1)
- Inflammation (1)
- Infusion management (1)
- Intensive care (1)
- Intensive care unit (1)
- Interleukin-22 (1)
- LC–MS/MS (1)
- Linear regression analysis (1)
- Liver diseases (1)
- Liver enzymes (1)
- Liver transplantation (1)
- Liver-related complications (1)
- Local IgE (1)
- Local allergic rhinitis (1)
- MELD (1)
- Medical ethics (1)
- Metastasis (1)
- Metastatic tumors (1)
- Methacholine challenge test (1)
- MitraClip (1)
- Morbidity (1)
- Mortality (1)
- NK cell (1)
- NK cell subset (1)
- Non-allergic-rhinitis (1)
- Nox4 (1)
- Organ dysfunction (1)
- Particles (1)
- Patient blood management (1)
- Portal hypertension (1)
- Primary prophylaxis (1)
- Pulmonary artery pressure (1)
- Radiation exposure (1)
- Regression analysis (1)
- Remote monitoring (1)
- S1P (1)
- SCT (1)
- SR-BI (1)
- SVR (1)
- SW480 cells (1)
- Sepsis-bundle (1)
- Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (1)
- Surgical and invasive medical procedures (1)
- Surgical oncology (1)
- Thyroid (1)
- Transfusion (1)
- Transient elastography (1)
- Ultrasound imaging (1)
- Volumetric analysis (1)
- acute cholecystitis (1)
- acute lung injury (1)
- allogeneic stem cell transplantation (1)
- angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) (1)
- ataxia score (1)
- ataxia telangiectasia (1)
- basic mechanisms (1)
- bevacizumab (1)
- bile duct stenosis (1)
- biomarker (1)
- bronchial allergen provocation (1)
- cART (1)
- cardiac surgery (1)
- cell salvage (1)
- cells (1)
- ceramide (1)
- children (1)
- clinical immunology (1)
- co-infection (1)
- cystic fibrosis (1)
- cytotoxicity (1)
- delayed cholecystectomy (1)
- dentin adhesives (1)
- direct-acting antivirals (1)
- early cholecystectomy (1)
- elderly (1)
- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (1)
- endoscopy (1)
- eosinophilic cholangitis (1)
- fibroblasts (1)
- first-line chemotherapy (1)
- gallstone disease (1)
- gender dysphoria (1)
- gender-affirming hormone therapy (1)
- hepatic fibrosis (1)
- hepatic steatosis (1)
- hepatitis C (1)
- in vitro (1)
- inflammation (1)
- insulin resistance (1)
- legal gender reassignment (1)
- liver disease (1)
- metastatic colorectal cancer (1)
- neurodegeneration (1)
- oxLDL (1)
- parameter estimation (1)
- patient (1)
- patient blood management (1)
- population dynamics (1)
- primary sclerosing cholangitis (1)
- screening (1)
- transfusion (1)
- transsexualism (1)
- ulcerative colitis (1)
- within-host viral modeling (1)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) naturally infects only humans and chimpanzees. The determinants responsible for this narrow species tropism are not well defined. Virus cell entry involves human scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), CD81, claudin-1 and occludin. Among these, at least CD81 and occludin are utilized in a highly species-specific fashion, thus contributing to the narrow host range of HCV. We adapted HCV to mouse CD81 and identified three envelope glycoprotein mutations which together enhance infection of cells with mouse or other rodent receptors approximately 100-fold. These mutations enhanced interaction with human CD81 and increased exposure of the binding site for CD81 on the surface of virus particles. These changes were accompanied by augmented susceptibility of adapted HCV to neutralization by E2-specific antibodies indicative of major conformational changes of virus-resident E1/E2-complexes. Neutralization with CD81, SR-BI- and claudin-1-specific antibodies and knock down of occludin expression by siRNAs indicate that the adapted virus remains dependent on these host factors but apparently utilizes CD81, SR-BI and occludin with increased efficiency. Importantly, adapted E1/E2 complexes mediate HCV cell entry into mouse cells in the absence of human entry factors. These results further our knowledge of HCV receptor interactions and indicate that three glycoprotein mutations are sufficient to overcome the species-specific restriction of HCV cell entry into mouse cells. Moreover, these findings should contribute to the development of an immunocompetent small animal model fully permissive to HCV.
Background: FibroTest (FT) is the most frequently used serum fibrosis marker and consists of an algorithm of five fibrosis markers (alfa2-macroglobulin, apolipoproteinA1, haptoglobin, GGT, bilirubin). The Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) test consists of an algorithm of three fibrosis markers (hyaluronic acid, amino-terminal propeptide-of-type-III-collagen, tissue-inhibitor of matrix-metaloproteinase-1). While a systematic review has shown comparable results for both individual markers, there has been no direct comparison of both markers. Methods: In the present study, the ELF-test was analyzed retrospectively in patients with chronic liver disease, who received a liver biopsy, transient elastography (TE) and the FibroTest using histology as the reference method. Histology was classified according to METAVIR and the Ludwig's classification (F0-F4) for patients with chronic hepatitis C and B virus (HCV, HBV) infection and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), respectively. Results: Seventy-four patients were analysed: 36 with HCV, 10 with HBV, and 28 with PBC. The accuracy (AUROC) for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis (F[greater than or equal to]2) for ELF and FibroTest was 0.78 (95%CI:0.67-0.89) and 0.69 (95%-CI:0.57-0.82), respectively (difference not statistically significant, n.s.). The AUROC for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis was 0.92 (95%CI:0.83-1,00), and 0.91 (95%CI:0.83-0.99), respectively (n.s.). For 66 patients with reliable TE measurements the AUROC for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis (cirrhosis) for TE, ELF and FT were 0.80 (0.94), 0.76 (0.92), and 0.67 (0.91), respectively (n.s.). Conclusion: FibroTest and ELF can be performed with comparable diagnostic accuracy for the non-invasive staging of liver fibrosis. Serum tests are informative in a higher proportion of patients than transient elastography.
Die derzeitige Therapie der chronischen Hepatitis C ist komplex und mit zahlreichen Nebenwirkungen assoziiert. Um den Therapieerfolg frühzeitig vorhersagen zu können und die Behandlung individuell zu optimieren, greifen Forscher des Frankfurter Leberzentrums auf mathematische Modellierung zurück. ...