BDSL-Klassifikation: 04.00.00 Allgemeine Literaturgeschichte > 04.06.00 Beziehungen einzelner Völker zur deutschen Literatur
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Rezension zu Döblin, Alfred, Berlin Alexanderplatz. trad. Irene Aron. São Paulo: Martins, 2009.
A origem brasileira de Thomas Mann, por parte de sua mãe, Julia da Silva Bruhns, deu ocasião, na maturidade do escritor, a seu contato com intelectuais brasileiros ou estrangeiros ligados à cena cultural do Brasil. No primeiro grupo, tem-se Gilberto Freyre, Sérgio Buarque de Holanda e Erico Verissimo. Residentes no Brasil, Karl Lustig-Prean, que posteriormente retornará à Europa, e o tradutor Herbert Caro, que se radica em definitivo no Brasil. Também o contato direto ou indireto com pensadores e escritores como Karl Loewenstein, Heinrich Eduard Jacob, Marte Brill e Stefan Zweig colaboraram para a aproximação de Thomas Mann ao universo brasileiro. Estes e outros pontos de contato são descritos no presente artigo, que pretende difundir dados e documentos há muito inacessíveis ou inéditos, no sentido de contribuir com abordagens atualizadas da obra de Thomas Mann e oferecer à pesquisa especializada a indicação de dados biográficos e documentais relacionados ao escritor, no que concerne à sua relação com o Brasil.
O presente artigo busca retratar o aproveitamento feito por Machado de Assis do tema fáustico, nos romances "Dom Casmurro", "Esaú e Jacó" e "Memorial de Aires", fazendo com que o mesmo conviva com figuras comuns, representativas de um Brasil em mudança. Desse modo, o diálogo intertextual exemplifica uma das maneiras de se caracterizar a vida estreita das personagens que nem por isso, deixam de ser dignas de interesse.
This essay aims at making a survey of Kafka’s reception in Brazil. After justifying the importance of this study, I show how intermittently Kafka’s work was translated into Brazilian Portuguese in the very beginning of his reception, that is to say, 1956. The first text published in Brazil was "Die Verwandlung", which was written in German in 1915. However this text was not translated from the German, but from the English. Other texts were translated from the French. Translations from the German only appeared in 1983, among them the one with the 'short stories' "Kleine Fabel", "Der Geier", "Gibs auf!" and "Vor dem Gesetz". It is interesting to notice that essays and other articles in newspapers on Kafka and his work preceded the translations. For example, the first essay on the author was written by Otto Maria Carpeaux in August 1941 in the newspaper "Correio da Manhã". Nowadays Kafka’s work is object of considerable research in Brazil.
In this essay I want to begin with a short survey on the reception of Schiller in England and Portugal, especially in regard to the impact of the play "The Robbers" and the narrative "The Ghostseer". As a matter of fact, Schiller was not only read and translated, but he actually imprinted his mark on (the) literature outside Germany. His ideas and works made important contributions to the Romantic movement – that of Brazil, where his writings arrived through France and Portugal, but Schiller was read directly in German at least by Gonçalves Dias. Schiller's contribution to the works of Gonçalves Dias can be most clearly seen in the drama "Patkull", in which there are similarities to "Wallenstein", and in the translation of "The bride of Messina", which was unfinished when the Brazilian writer prematurely died.
Der chilenische Autor Carlos Cerda (1942-2001), der 12 Jahre seines Exils in Berlin – in dem Teil, der Hauptstadt der DDR war – verbracht hat (1973-1985), veröffentlicht nach seiner Rückkehr nach Chile "Morir en Berlin" (1993). Der Roman erzählt vom Schicksal einer kleinen Gruppe chilenischer Exilanten, für die Berlin der Ort eines vielfachen Verlustes – Verlust der Heimat, der politischen Überzeugung und im Fall der beiden Protagonisten Maria und Lorena, auch Verlust ihrer Ehegemeinschaft – wird. Nur von dem Altparteimitglied Don CarIos wird unter Verleugnung seiner eigenen subjektiven Ansprüche der real existierende Sozialismus noch verteidigt.
Das geteilte Berlin, so die These dieses Beitrags, ist nicht nur Schauplatz einer umfassenden Desillusion, sondern es wird zu einem mythischen Ort des Verlustes und des Übergangs vom Leben in den Tod. Dementsprechend werden von der Stadt nur die Bilder und Szenen wahrgenommen, die die im Text selbst zitierten Mythen, vor allem Wagners "Fliegender Holländer" und Euripides' "Medea" noch verstärken.
Diese Mythisierung Berlins, so eine weitere These, geschieht allerdings nicht willkürlich, sondern sie wird von der Gesamtheit der Berlin-Diskurse des 20. Jahrhunderts provoziert.
Stefan Zweig was the only important German writer who chose Brazil for his exile in the 1940s. Before he committed suicide in Brazil, he wrote the frequently cited and more frequently criticized book in which Brazil is called the land of the future. But in Brazil he also finished another book, 'Die Welt von Gestern', a book of memories, an account of the world from which Zweig came, a work of historic, cultural and political relevance, which was immediately published in Spanish (Argentine) and Portuguese (Brazilian) translations. When compared with the German original, these translations contain significant cuts and modifications, which can be understood as interventions of some kind of censorship, and which are prejudicial to the political brisance of the book.
Drei Erfahrungsberichte über Bertolt Brechts Theater auf brasilianischen Bühnen. Caco Coelho spricht über den Zyklus der Brecht-Lesungen, -Aufführungen und -Vorträge seiner Theatergruppe 'Os Fodidos Privilegiados ' 1998 in Rio de Janeiro. Fernando Peixoto vertritt die Ansicht, daß der zentrale Punkt von Brechts Theater darin besteht, Emotionen im zwischenmenschlichen Verhalten und in ihren politisch-historischen Kontexten verstehbar zu machen. Er erzählt unter anderm von einer "Wiederentdeckung" der Brechtschen Theaterästhetik durch eine Laiengruppe in Amazonien und vertritt insgesamt ein undogmatisches, auf die heutigen Verhältnisse ausgerichtetes Lernen mit Brecht. Willi Bolle berichtet von seiner Inszenierung von Brechts 'Die Hochzeit ' (1919) mit einer Laien-Theatergruppe in São Paulo 1997-1998, in der die lineare Struktur des Textes durchbrochen wurde durch die Einführung einer neuen Perspektive sowie einer neuen Figur, der Braut, die sich das Hochzeitsfest in der Erinnerung vergegenwärtigt.
This article discusses some aspects of Brecht's work and its relationship with the Brazilian literary, historical and socio-political life. The focus is on the inconsistency of the struggle for the so-called Bildung, where the advances of new ideas and social forms are in conflict with a reactionary context.
Die produktive Rezeption von Thomas Mann im Roman "Ana em Veneza" von João Silvério Trevisan (1994)
(1999)
The novel "Ana em Veneza" (1994) by João Silvério Trevisan is composed as a literary game of intertextual references to the works of Thomas Mann. Especially his tales "Enttäuschung" ("Desillusion") and "Tod in Venedig" ("Death in Venice") and his novel "Doktor Faustus" serve as models. Trevisan uses figures, motives and themes of Thomas Mann on various levels of his own literary creation, thus using elements in the works of the German writer as pattern of a "European" attitude towards art, about which he argues through his characters, seeking a specific Brazilian identity as an artist. The article surveys this productive reception of motives from Thomas Mann's works, refering to the basic ideas of the novel.
This article shows how the genre Bildungsroman (self-development novel) has been assimilated to the Brazilian literary tradition. Through the examples of Cristina Ferreira Pinto's "O 'Bildungsroman' feminino" ("The female novel of development") and Eduardo de Assis Duarte's "Jorge Amado e o 'Bildungsroman' proletário" ("Jorge Amado and the proletarian novel of development"), this article focuses the dynamic process by means of which a typical European genre has been assimilated by a young South-American literary tradition.
Heinrich Heine and Castro Alves wrote poems with the same title: "Das Sklavenschiff" and "O Navio Negreiro". However, this does not mean that Castro Alves plagiarized Heinrich Heine, the author of the first source. Although both of the poems deal with the same theme, an analysis will show and prove the evident divergency in the convergency.
Während sich zahlreiche literaturwissenschaftliche Studien mit dem Einfluss und der Rezeption der englischen Literatur im deutschen Sprachraum um 1800 beschäftigen, haben gegenläufige Entwicklungen bisher kaum das Interesse der Fachöffentlichkeit erwecken können. Die Abwesenheit der österreichischen Literatur des ausgehenden 18. Jahrhunderts innerhalb des deutschsprachigen Literaturkanons hat dazu beigetragen, dass eingehende Analysen zu ihren Autoren die Ausnahme darstellen, und somit auch fremdsprachige Übersetzungen und Bearbeitungen unbeachtet geblieben sind. Wenn ich in der Folge die erste englische Adaption eines österreichischen Sprechtheatertextes für ein Londoner Theater als Exempel für einen österreichisch-englischen Kulturtransfer heranziehe, der in Wahrheit eigentlich nur sehr begrenzt stattgefunden hat, sollen in erster Linie die Schwierigkeiten eines solchen Unterfangens skizziert werden. So muss es durchaus als Kuriosum angesehen werden, wenn sich die anfängliche Rezeption deutscher Dramentexte im englischsprachigen Raum aufgrund der mangelnden Sprachkenntnis vorerst über den Umweg von französischen Kommentaren, Kritiken und Übersetzungen ereignete. Während Französisch als die Zweitsprache des ‚English man of letters‘ fungierte, entwickelten sich in England erst ab 1790 deutschsprachige Lesezirkel, die vor allem aus Interesse am deutschen Drama ins Leben gerufen wurden (vgl. Charles 1957, 2). Es wird nicht zuletzt zu zeigen sein, wie sich gerade durch die Verwirrungen, die eine derartige Rezeption evozieren kann, die Probleme literatur-und theaterhistorischer Forschung am Rande des heutigen Literaturkanons offenbaren.
A história da imagem perdida
(2011)
Redewendung
(2010)
Ana
(2010)
The study offers a comprehensive overview on the works and activity of József Eötvös, central personality of the 19th-century modernisation of political culture and educational system in Hungary. It also reveals the paradoxical consequences of his efforts, namely the fact that while the first and second generation of Hungarian intellectuals returning home from Germany in the early ’40s and after the Austro-Hungarian Compromise in 1867 successfully contributed to the building of the modern cultural nation, at the end of the century the generation of émigrés chose Germany on purpose to escape the nationalistic institutional framework of Hungarian culture and sciences.
Do sentido interno
(2009)
O coveiro
(2008)
O matador de dragões
(2008)
Vladímir, o pintor de nuvens
(2008)
A caixa dourada
(2008)
A Costureira
(2008)
The Recife’s School was a Brazilian movement during the last quarter of the 19th century, whose main goals were to inform the Empire Court of provincial problems and introduce Brazil to ideas and theories of German philosophers. The first history of Brazilian literature was written in 1888 by Sílvio Romero and is considered part of this movement. According to this work, Brazil should be connected to German thought. Romero’s reception of the German authors is not passive; he engages in dialogue through his text by connecting, criticizing and elaborating upon his references. The autonomy of thought he proves in this process is the same autonomy he demands from Brazilian intellectualists. In order to develop the talents inherent to Brazil, he believes they should widen their cultural horizons, instead of only being dependent on French culture. Only then Brazil would be able to occupy a position equal amongst developed nations. Romero’s conception of race and his idea, that it is possible to include the totality of Brazilian literature in his work are both out of date. However, in the História da Literatura Brasileira there are methodological aspects in common with the modern theories on writing histories of literature, such as the choice of texts not only according to aesthetics criterions and the interdisciplinarity, because the author relates biology, sociology, economy, and politics with literature.
Fifteen years after his death in 1991 one can trace a certain tendency to turn the person and personality of Herbert Caro into a legendary figure where his work as a recognized translator mingles with episodes related to his passion for music as well as his specific kind of humour. It is therefore of no surprise that Caro himself turned into a literary character of the novel As Confissões de Lúcio by Brazilian writer Fernando Monteiro.
Um olhar rápido sobre os títulos constantes da sua biblioteca particular torna claro que Pessoa lia os autores alemães em traduções inglesas e francesas. Contudo, um escrutínio mais atento da sua biblioteca e dos seus apontamentos revela que o acompanharam ao longo da sua vida não só uma vontade mas também algumas tentativas concretas de enveredar pelo estudo da língua alemã, no intuito de fazer justiça à sua própria imposição formulada por volta do ano de 1912:
"Um grande poeta retórico ou epigramático pode ser lido em tradução, sendo ela boa; quem não sabe a língua, escusa, havendo essa boa tradução, de por tão pouco a estudar. Mas quem quiser ler um poeta lírico não pode aceitar tradução nenhuma, por fiel que seja à alma do poeta. Tem de aprender a língua em que a poesia foi escrita. [...]"
Sabendo-se que Fernando Pessoa nunca dominou a língua alemã, pretende-se, neste estudo, delinear o percurso da sua relação com esta língua e o modo como ela se liga à sua leitura de um autor que, embora em muito menor escala que Goethe, emerge nalguns pontos da actividade de Pessoa enquanto leitor crítico: Friedrich Schiller.
The present essay outlines a project, which aims to catalogue and tap the potential of medieval German manuscripts in the collections of both church and secular libraries and archives in Romania. The project complements current efforts to catalogue and explore medieval German manuscripts in Eastern European countries. At the same time, the project prepares the ground for a regionally oriented literary history of Transylvania. Here, too, the aim is to build on current trends in medieval German studies in particular. Instead of a concept of literary history based almost exclusively on individual authors and their work, these trends advocate a literary historiography that turns to regional factors and manuscript transmission in describing literary activity in a particular area.
Die Theaterstücke des kamerunischen Autors Kum'a Ndumbe III. sind erst seit einigen Jahren einem breiten deutschsprachigen Publikum zugänglich. Während er in Deutschland als Politologe durch seine Publikationen unter anderem zu deutscher Kolonialpolitik bekannt ist, fanden seine in deutscher Sprache zwischen 1967 und 1970 entstandenen Theaterstücke keine Beachtung bei deutschen Verlagen: „Ich schrieb mein letztes Theaterstück in deutscher Sprache im Jahre 1970. Dann hörte ich auf. Es war kein Echo da. Alle meine Versuche bei deutschen Verlegern blieben ohne Erfolg." Der mittlerweile in Lyon studierende Kum'a Ndumbe III. schrieb nun verstärkt auf französisch und veröffentlichte bei dem Verleger Jean Pierre Oswald, Paris in der Reihe Théâtre africain.