BDSL-Klassifikation: 03.00.00 Literaturwissenschaft > 03.11.00 Übersetzung
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Taking the notion of frame as a base for lexical dexcription, we elaborate a cognitive proverb-model. This model serves as an instrument for the understanding and the translation of proverbs. It makes it possible to trace the proverbs' structural, semantical and pragmatical recurrences in the text. In this paper we show the influence the proverb has on the text and discuss translation problems by means of examples.
This paper focusses On the discussion of the preservation of expressive aspects in translation., Considerations are grounded on the HJELMSLEVian concepts of the isomorphy between the planes of content and expression, which are both constituted by-substance and form. The present study intends to show that the connotative equivalence of a text can only be achieved in the target language when attention is paid to both the formal-stylistic and the textual-normative dimensions. This involves the appropriation of the stylistic values of the linguistic expression in the source language and, mainly, the understanding of the tropes and the relationships between them. Thus, the present study draws on discourse analysis, comprehending "enunciation" theories and the rhetorical and pragmatic considerations on the level of expression. Considering that the literary text is privileged in providing stylistically marked choices, it is important to highlight the phonetic and semantic correspondences, that is, the close relationship between sound and meaning, which harbours one of the major difficulties in translation. The theory is applied to "Os Sertões" (English translation: "Rebellion on the Backlands") by Euclides da Cunha.
A tradução de Samuel Putnam de "Os Sertões" : "Rebellion in the Backlands" de Euclides da Cunha
(1997)
The present paper looks at certain aspects of Samuel Putnam's translation of Euclides da Cunha's "Os Sertões", "Rebellion in the Backlands". Of great importance is the fact that "Os Sertões", usually seen as a work of literature in Brazil, is seen more as a factual narrative in English, and placed by its publisher, the University of Chicago Press, in the Literature/History section. Putnam also adds a large number of footnotes to those of Euclides de Cunha. Also of interest is the fact that Putnam, translating just when the US was entering the Second World War, goes to great lengths in his preface to emphasize how close "Os Sertões" is to the American experience of division in both the Civil War and the entrance of the US into the Second World War.
Die Übersetzung aus dem Mittelhochdeutschen als Hinführung zum Verständnis des Originals ist nicht nur das tägliche Brot in der mediävistischen Lehre, sie hat mittlerweile auch den Buchmarkt erobert. (…) Es scheint sich ein Konsens herausgebildet zu haben, wie dafür zu übersetzen ist: textdienlich, ohne Nachahmung der poetischen Form, v.a. der Reime, jedoch zeilengetreu, seltener sogar in reimlogischen Versen (…).
Rainer Maria Rilke übertrug sie beide ins Deutsche: Im Jahr 1907 veröffentlichte er die Mitte des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts verfassten 44 "Sonnets from the Portuguese" der Elizabeth Barrett Browning und 1917 erschienen die Mitte des sechzehnten Jahrhunderts entstandenen 24 Sonette der Louise Labé. Seine Versionen prägten bis heute den Eindruck beider Werke beim deutschsprachigen Publikum. Rund hundert Jahre später nahm sich nun Ingeborg Vetter der Sonette beider Dichterinnen an und bietet deutschsprachigen Lesern eine gelungene Alternative. Zwar wurden die Sonette von Labé und Barrett Browning in der Zwischenzeit auch von anderen Übersetzern verdeutscht, doch niemand sonst übertrug beide. Obwohl dreihundert Jahre zwischen ihnen liegen, sind sich die Liebesgedichte der Dichterinnen in ihren Originalsprachen auch jenseits der gemeinsamen Sonettform in ihrer Semantik, Rhetorik und Bildlichkeit ähnlich, denn beide stehen in der Nachfolge Petrarcas – auch wenn im einen Fall Shakespeare als zweite Bezugsgröße hinzukommt. In beiden Sammlungen ergründet je eine weibliche Liebende in vielerlei sprachlichen Variationen den Geliebten und die Natur der Liebe. Obgleich sie Petrarca und andere Petrarkisten trickreich zu überbieten sucht und sich als weibliche Sprecherin von der männlichen Masse absetzt, ist Labé noch stärker in der petrarkistischen Topik verhaftet: Man denke an das katalogische, anaphorisch-parallelistisch gestaltete Schönheitslob ("O beaus yeus bruns, ô regards destournez...") im zweiten Sonett. Viel bekannter ist aber das achtzehnte mit dem Aufruf zum Kuss oder zur Vereinigung (B"aise m'encor, rebaise moy et baise..."), dessen Zweideutigkeit zwar in Übersetzungen verloren geht, dem andeutungsweise frivolen Gedicht aber im Original zu großer Beliebtheit in der Populärkultur verholfen hat. Ebenso wie man zahlreiche Vertonungen desselben auf YouTube findet, entdeckt man auf der Plattform Rezitationen von Barrett Brownings berühmtem, strukturell auch katalogisch gestalteten Sonett Nummer dreiundvierzig ("How do I love thee? Let me count the ways...") – ja es wird sogar in einer Folge der "Peanuts" zitiert.
Der peruanische Autor Ciro Alegría beschreibt in seinem Roman "El mundo es ancho y ajeno" [Die Welt ist groß und fremd] von 1941 wie ein Indio auf einen Berg in den Anden steigt. Rosendo, Alegrías Protagonist, steigt auf diesen Berg, um Heilkräuter zu suchen, aber zu seiner Bergbesteigung wird er auch aus einem anderen Grund motiviert:
"En realidad, subió también porque le gustaba probar la gozosa fuerza de sus músculos en la lucha con las escarpadas cumbres y luego, al dominarlas, llenarse los ojos de horizontes. Amaba los amplios espacios y la magnífica grandeza de los Andes."
Rosendos Motivation scheint auf den ersten Blick die eines Alpinisten zu sein: Nämlich erstens der Drang nach Bewegung ("probar la gozosa fuerza de sus músculos"), zweitens ein Eroberungswille ("al dominarlas") und drittens den Blick von oben, als Panorama, zu genießen ("llenarse los ojos de horizontes"). In der deutschen Übersetzung heißt es:
"Aber er ging in Wahrheit auch hinauf, weil er an den jähen Abhängen die Kraft seiner Muskeln fühlen wollte, und weil er nichts so sehr liebte, wie von bezwungenen Berghöhen aus die Augen an fernen Horizonten zu weiden. Er liebte die riesigen Bäume, die erhabene Höhe der Anden […]." "Magnífica grandeza" lässt sich zwar mit "erhabene Höhe" übersetzen, doch gibt es für den Begriff "erhaben" im Spanischen treffendere Begriffe wie zum Beispiel elevado oder sublime. Magnífica meint dagegen vielmehr "prächtig". Können die Anden aus Rosendos Perspektive, aus der Perspektive eines Indios, als erhaben beschrieben werden? Will Alegría seinen Protagonisten die Anden tatsächlich so wahrnehmen lassen wie ein Europäer die Alpen im 18. Jahrhundert? Es scheint, als ob die Schweizer Übersetzer in Alegrías Text ein Stück europäische Tradition und Kultur "hineininterpretieren", nämlich das Gefühl des Erhabenen beim Anblick eines Bergmassivs wie es in der europäischen Tradition vor allem seit Kant eine bedeutende Rolle spielt. Ist der Blick der Schweizer Übersetzer in diesem Fall also eurozentrisch, da sie ein europäisches Gedankengut auf ein außereuropäisches Phänomen, das Hochland der Anden aus Sicht eines Indios, projizieren bzw. es dort wiederzufinden glauben und die Andersartigkeit der Fremdkultur mit der Übersetzung – vielleicht unbewusst – überspielen? Die Übersetzung erweist sich in diesem Fall also als problematisch.
Photographs, articles and documents related to Herbert Caro.
This text offers a closer look at Herbert Caro’s life, habits and his role as one of the founders of the Jewish Foundation SIBRA in Porto Alegre.
This text offers statements of former colleagues and friends of Herbert Caro.
Klaus Oliven relembra
(2007)
This text shows, besides Herbert Caro’s many accomplishments in his various activities, also some personal traces of his life. In this way the reader may obtain some insights into the personality of this outstanding intellectual.
This text offers a closer look on the personal environment of Herbert Caro, especially in regard to the role of his wife Nina Caro.
Fifteen years after his death in 1991 one can trace a certain tendency to turn the person and personality of Herbert Caro into a legendary figure where his work as a recognized translator mingles with episodes related to his passion for music as well as his specific kind of humour. It is therefore of no surprise that Caro himself turned into a literary character of the novel As Confissões de Lúcio by Brazilian writer Fernando Monteiro.
Conhecendo Herbert Caro
(2007)
Herbert Caro has been known for his translations and musical knowledge. This article focuses on his musical conception in his articles: “Romance de Capa sem Espada”, published in 1977, and the literary aspect in “A mãe brasileira de Thomas Mann” from 1976.
Erico Verissimo’s letters to Herbert Caro, during the 1950s, offer a portrait of the translator of Thomas Mann, revealing his taste for music and movies as well as an insights in his role as a critic and confident of the Brazilian author.
This article offers a general view on the historical circumstances regarding the exile of Herbert Caro in Brazil. It also informs on his intellectual and professional background, based on official documents and research material as well as on an interview that the author realized with Herbert Caro in 1988.
Herbert Caro
(2007)
A introductory text on Herbert Caro, his background and his activities in the Brazilian exile.
Introduction of the seminar dedicated to Herbert Caro, held on the 16th of October 2006 at the Goethe-Institute Porto Alegre, Brazil.
During the 1930s through the 1940s and into the 1950s, Spanish and German presentations in opposition to ardent nationalism share strikingly common aesthetic and ideological strategies supporting claims to a transnational, international space. Specific examples of common geography, identity and language in German and Spanish presentations (theater, short stories, reports, essays, speeches and poetry) in Spain and Latin America by German (Regler, Renn, Uhse), Spanish (J. Bergamin, R. Alberti, M. Aub) and Latin American (D. Rivera, P. Neruda, C. Vallejo) intellectuals, artists and activists during the 1930s through the 1950s will be explored. For example, German-speaking audiences and artists in Spain and Mexico shared a common lived and aesthetic space as Spanish-speaking audiences and artists. Further, many German presentations were translated into Spanish and visa versa. Here, presentations in “Das Wort” and “El Mono Azul” in Spain as well as “Freies Deutschland/Alemania libre” in Mexico will be referenced in developing a sense of re-definition of the concept of ‘foreign’ and ‘commonness’ beyond simply nationality (tradition, history and geography) and language. The impetus for an alternative, international and even revolutionary ‘space’ (as defined by Henri Lefebvre in The Production of Space) was produced in and through common Spanish and German strategies and realizations in their presentations. This Spanish-German example from the early/mid-part of the 20th century is a significant contribution to contemporary interdisciplinary discussions in the 21st century.
REAL – Revista de Estudos Alemães : 2011, No. 2 = Travessias e fronteiras ; traduzindo (d)o alemão
(2011)
Os textos reunidos na segunda edição da REAL respondem ao núcleo temático proposto pelos editores – com base no fundamento de que a tradução constitui uma forma privilegiada de representação de uma literatura estrangeira no polissistema literário nacional, além de configurar relações interlinguísticas e interculturais, preencher lacunas na cultura de chegada e, desse modo, contribuir para equilibrar assimetrias no universo das relações tradutórias entre Portugal e os países de língua alemã.
"Ah, a tradução […] exige um coração recto, devoto, fiel, esforçado, temente, […] douto, experimentado e destro. Por isso, tenho para mim que um […] espírito faccioso não é capaz de traduzir com fidelidade." (Lutero) Está sempre presente na mente do tradutor, de forma mais ou menos inconfessada, de forma mais ou menos inconsciente, e muito mais ainda no caso da tradução literária, pois é dela que estamos a falar, uma série de instâncias controladoras que regulam a sua produção como um superego de interesses divergentes. Este superego transforma o seu trabalho numa negociação de decisões drásticas e difíceis que envolvem: (a) a (pseudo) autarcia do texto ou ditadura do original; (b) o sistema de disponibilidades e exigências da língua de chegada; (c) aqueles que consideramos nossos pares, colegas de ofício, constituindo ao mesmo tempo o nosso desafio e a nossa segurança, que sempre temos em mente, mesmo sabendo que nem sempre terão tempo de nos ler, ou aqueles que por imperativo de profissão nos lêem e de quem esperamos a compreensão das nossas opções; (d) por contraponto, os “ím-pares”, eventualmente conhecendo as línguas, outras vezes nem por isso, mas ignorando o que é tradução, ao pensar que esta se resolve com equivalências lexicalizadas e automáticas, desconhecendo também as condições especiais da tradução literária; (e) o público real, a sua capacidade de interpretação e a medida da sua disponibilidade para processar a resistência criativa de um texto; (f) e os editores, com as suas linhas de orientação interna e as exigências que se prendem com o marketing.