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Rezension zu Tavares, P. H. M. B. Versões de Freud: breve panorama crítico das traduções de sua obra. Rio de Janeiro, 7Letras, 2011.
O presente artigo objetiva uma discussão sobre o vocabulário fundamental da Metapsicologia freudiana, para além da concepção de um simples e estanque agrupado de termos técnicos. Levando-se também em consideração o fato de que Freud foi um escritor brilhante e um perspicaz explorador dos recursos oferecidos pela língua alemã, é nossa intenção demonstrar certas distorções de seu estilo e vocabulário sofridas após ter passado por traduces internacionalmente influentes para as línguas inglesa e francesa. Logo, com a recente entrada da obra freudiana para o domínio público, esta finalmente passou a ser traduzida diretamente para o português, tornando-se atualmente um desafio fundamental aos tradutores brasileiros de Freud recuperar a vivacidade de suas palavras sem deixar de levar em consideração a acuidade de suas proposições.
Este trabalho examina os "Escritos sobre a Música e os Músicos", do compositor alemão Robert Schumann, em especial as resenhas escritas entre 1834 e 1836, com vistas a identificar ecos das principais ideias sobre linguagem e tradução desenvolvidas na Alemanha entre o final do séc. XVIII e o início do séc. XIX. Os eixos escolhidos para construir essa ideia são os eixos do sujeito e do tempo perpassados pela noção de movimento. Do primeiro, destacase a ancoragem vertical, personalíssima, operada no interior do sujeito que transita de um sistema sígnico para outro, que traduz seus pensamentos, ou ainda que empreende a passage de uma língua para outra. Do segundo, tem-se em conta a configuração desse mergulho num produto que desmantela as barreiras do tempo e, de um só golpe, contemporiza o passado e inclui o futuro.
Rezension zu: E. T. A. Hoffmann, A janela da esquina de meu primo. Tradução: Maria Aparecida Barbosa, Ilustrações: Daniela Bueno, Posfácio: Marcus Mazzari. São Paulo, Cosac Naify, 2010
Rezension zu Victor Klemperer: LTI – A Linguagem do III Reich. trad. Miriam Ölsner. Rio de Janeiro: Contexto, 2009
Zur Übersetzung literarischer Titel : Titelübersetzungen aus sprachwissenschaftlicher Perspektive
(2013)
Literarische Titel dienen nicht nur zur Identifizierung und Anpreisung eines Werkes, sondern sie geben oftmals auch direkte Hinweise zur Aufschlüsselung des Geschehens, des Themas oder des Werksinnes, ehe noch eine Aufklärung des Lesers durch den Text stattgefunden hat (vgl. Hellwig 1984: 6, Lämmert 1993: 144 u. Schweikle 1990: 465). Bei der Wahl der Überschrift für sein Werk zeigt der Autor daher größte Sorgfalt, um die Bedeutung und Aussagekraft zu intensivieren. Auch bei der Titelübersetzung sind diese Aspekte zu berücksichtigen. Die Übersetzungen von literarischen Titeln werden jedoch meist kritisiert, weil sie angeblich dem Original nicht entsprechen (vgl. Tanış Polat 2007a: 580ff.). Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie besteht darin, anhand einer qualitativen und quantitativen Analyse Titelstrukturen nach Form, Frequenz und Distribution zu untersuchen, um Aufschluss über besondere übersetzungsstrategische Entscheidungen bei Werken der zeitgenössischen Literatur zu liefern und auf diese Weise mit einer wissenschaftlichen Argumentation der erwähnten Kritik entgegen zu treten. Der Beitrag ist folgendermaßen strukturiert: zunächst werden relevante Eigenschaften der literarischen Titel umrissen, danach folgt die Darstellung der Probleme, die die Titelübersetzung von literarischen Texten betrifft. Im Anschluss werden mit Hilfe einer Korpusanalyse, die sich auf übersetzte Titel aus dem Deutschen ins Türkische konzentriert, übersetzungsstrategische Entscheidungen untersucht. Die Analyse stützt sich auf die Gegenüberstellung von 270 zeitgenössischen Titeln. Mit einer Auswertung der Analyseergebnisse wird die Untersuchung abgeschlossen.
Zweifelsohne gehören Fußnoten nicht zum Ideal einer literarischen Übersetzung [...]. Dennoch gibt es nicht wenige solcher Literaturübersetzungen. Ein Beispiel besonderer Art stellt die von Nijad Akipek erstellte und im Jahre 1949 veröffentlichte türkische Erstübersetzung von Theodor Fontanes Roman Effi Briest (1894) dar. Besonders auffallend bei dieser Erstübersetzung sind die mehr als 220 Anmerkungen des Übersetzers in Form von Fußnoten. Dass ein Übersetzer in einem Roman Fußnoten in diesem Umfang einfügt, stellt einen Sonderfall dar und soll darum übersetzungskritisch analysiert werden. Auch in der fast 60 Jahre später von Kasım Eğit erstellten Neuübersetzung2 des Romans im Jahre 2007 finden sich ebenso noch einige Anmerkungen in Form von Fußnoten, jedoch in der Anzahl außerordentlich weniger. Auf welche Anmerkungen auch Eğit nicht verzichten will bzw. kann, soll im Anschluss weiter unten analysiert werden.
Rezension zu Döblin, Alfred, Berlin Alexanderplatz. trad. Irene Aron. São Paulo: Martins, 2009.
A partir de meados da década de 1980, observa-se uma mudança de paradigma na pesquisa sobre tradução: a primazia reservada até então ao texto de partida cede lugar paulatinamente aos fatores que coatuam na recepção do texto traduzido. Tal mudança tem conseqüências para a noção de competência tradutória: dos tradutores iniciantes não se espera apenas que tenham bons conhecimentos das línguas com as quais trabalham, mas também que sejam capazes de, na fase de compreensão do texto a ser traduzido, ativarem outras formas de conhecimento e, na fase de retextualização, traçarem estratégias que lhes possibilitem preencher lacunas adequadas à tarefa de tradução. Este artigo visa a demonstrar que a aplicação sistemática de conceitos da pesquisa lingüística de base contrastiva para o par de línguas alemão-português, bem como de conceitos da lingüística textual, pode contribuir para que os tradutores iniciantes ampliem e aprofundem seus conhecimentos na língua estrangeira, ao mesmo tempo em que são orientados nos primeiros passos da tradução. As considerações teóricas sobre o tema (Parte I) são ilustradas por um exemplo de aplicação (Parte II).
Neste trabalho pretendo analisar a relação entre frases célebres e a tradução. Inicialmente discutirei a origem e as particularidades do termo "Geflügelte Worte" em alemão. A seguir apresentarei traduções para o português de frases célebres muito conhecidas do Fausto de Goethe, a fim de ilustrar a complexidade estrutural e semântica das mesmas e, conseqüentemente, o especial desafio que elas representam para a tradução. Ao final, mostrarei que frases célebres alteradas são um recurso estilístico freqüente da linguagem jornalística e publicitária e tecerei alguns breves comentários sobre como lidar com este fenômeno na tradução.
In dieser Arbeit wird der Interrelation zwischen kulturellen, kognitiven und kommunikativ-sprachlichen Phänomenen nachgegangen. Kulturelles prägt nicht nur das enzyklopädische Weltwissen, sondern beeinflusst auch die Sprache als System und den Sprachgebrauch. Kulturelles Wissen manifestiert sich in den Bedeutungen bestimmter Lexeme, in kulturgeprägten Weltwissensrepräsentationen, als Handlungsmusterwissen und Verhaltensstereotypkenntnis, sowie in Präferenzen für die Selektion, Anordnung und Kombination von sprachlichen Systemelementen lexikalischer wie morphosyntaktischer Art zu Textsortenexemplaren. Die der Übersetzungstätigkeit daraus erwachsenden Schwierigkeiten werden differenziert durchleuchtet.
Der folgende Artikel untersucht die sich in Thomas Braschs Übersetzung von Shakespeares "Wie es euch gefällt" manifestierenden Übersetzungsstrategien im Hinblick auf den ihnen jeweils zugrundeliegenden Bearbeitungsimpuls. Der Artikel geht dabei von der Annahme aus, dass die kulturelle Leistung einer Übersetzung als unabhängig von Ähnlichkeitskriterien erfahrbar werden kann; nämlich dann, wenn es gelingt, zu verdeutlichen, wie sie ihre beiden an Ursprungs- und Zielsprache gebundenen kulturellen (Kon-)Texte als sprachlich-ästhetisch gefasste Welten zitiert und immer zugleich variiert. In dieser doppelten Distanz zu Ursprungstext und tradiertem Kontext der eigenen Zielsprache manifestiert sich Übersetzung als kulturelle Handlung. Braschs Übersetzung enthüllt ihren emotionalen, sprachlichen, und kulturellen Reichtum, sobald der Leser erkennt, wie die politische Überzeugung des Autors seinen verschiedenen Übersetzungsstrategien zugrundeliegt.
The purpose of this article is to report on the work carried out during the research project "O trabalho de tradutor como fonte para a constituição de base de dados" (The translator´s work as a source for the constitution of a database). Through the restoration, organization and digitalization of the personal glossary and part of the books containing the translations made by the deceased public translator Gustavo Lohnefink, this research project intends to construct a digital database of German – Portuguese technical terms (for the language pair), which could then be used by other translators. In order to achieve this purpose, a specific methodology had to be developed, which could be used as a starting-point for the treatment and recovery of other similarly organized data-collections.
A tradução para a criança e para o jovem: a prática como base da reflexão e da relação profissional
(2005)
This article deals with the attempt of systematizing my experience as translator of literature written for children and young people. On the basis of some considerations about aspects shared by both, the production and the translation of this kind of literature, this article presents a number of examples taken from translations of German texts into Brazilian Portuguese. Consequences concerning the importance of concepts like interaction and creativeness in translation are then briefly discussed. A claim for a more systematic consideration of the question by Translation Studies and for a special position to be occupied by this genre of texts in the professional field is the background of the article.
This essay aims at making a survey of Kafka’s reception in Brazil. After justifying the importance of this study, I show how intermittently Kafka’s work was translated into Brazilian Portuguese in the very beginning of his reception, that is to say, 1956. The first text published in Brazil was "Die Verwandlung", which was written in German in 1915. However this text was not translated from the German, but from the English. Other texts were translated from the French. Translations from the German only appeared in 1983, among them the one with the 'short stories' "Kleine Fabel", "Der Geier", "Gibs auf!" and "Vor dem Gesetz". It is interesting to notice that essays and other articles in newspapers on Kafka and his work preceded the translations. For example, the first essay on the author was written by Otto Maria Carpeaux in August 1941 in the newspaper "Correio da Manhã". Nowadays Kafka’s work is object of considerable research in Brazil.
In this essay I want to begin with a short survey on the reception of Schiller in England and Portugal, especially in regard to the impact of the play "The Robbers" and the narrative "The Ghostseer". As a matter of fact, Schiller was not only read and translated, but he actually imprinted his mark on (the) literature outside Germany. His ideas and works made important contributions to the Romantic movement – that of Brazil, where his writings arrived through France and Portugal, but Schiller was read directly in German at least by Gonçalves Dias. Schiller's contribution to the works of Gonçalves Dias can be most clearly seen in the drama "Patkull", in which there are similarities to "Wallenstein", and in the translation of "The bride of Messina", which was unfinished when the Brazilian writer prematurely died.
The relevance of the work and the influence of Franz Rosenzweig, a German Jewish philosopher of the beginning of the last century; are still to get the appreciation they deserve. Rosenzweig was the author of one of the greatest – and less read – books of the 20th century, "The Star of Redemption", where he develops his philosophical system mainly on basis of theological categories. To the "monologue of the I" of mainstream philosophy, Rosenzweig opposes a "new thinking", of existential character, which values orality and the "other", and where language substitutes reason as a tool for thought. In it one can find some correspondences with the thought of Walter Benjamin. This "new thinking", also, strongly influenced Emmanuel Levinas and nowadays bears its fruits within "linguistic turn" philosophy and theology, and post-modern Jewish thought. This philosophy found in Rosenzweig's work in translation one of its main practical applications. To translate was for Rosenzweig a necessity, emanating from an ethics constituted as "first philosophy". This article examines some aspects of Rosenzweig's writings from where his "philosophy of translation" is made explicit.
This essay aimes to introduce the German-Jewish Poet Rose Ausländer (1901-1988) to the literary public of Brasil, where she has not been translated and is therefore nearly unknown. Proceeding from the translation of 12 paradigmatic poems, the crucial periods of her life, poetry and poetology are outlined: As her famous college Paul Celan, she was born in Czernovitch this multicultural town of the Austrian-Hungarian monarchy. An important number of her poems are the result of the intimate relation with her country. The early death of her father and the resulting poverty led her to try to find a new home in New York, but she came back in the period of beginning National Socialism and suffered the persecution of Holocaust. After long years of travelling, she settled down in a Düsseldorf home for elderly Jewish people. The central themes in her poetry are: the loss of country, the Holocaust, and survival in a kind of spiritual country, that is: language and writing.
Stefan Zweig was the only important German writer who chose Brazil for his exile in the 1940s. Before he committed suicide in Brazil, he wrote the frequently cited and more frequently criticized book in which Brazil is called the land of the future. But in Brazil he also finished another book, 'Die Welt von Gestern', a book of memories, an account of the world from which Zweig came, a work of historic, cultural and political relevance, which was immediately published in Spanish (Argentine) and Portuguese (Brazilian) translations. When compared with the German original, these translations contain significant cuts and modifications, which can be understood as interventions of some kind of censorship, and which are prejudicial to the political brisance of the book.
This paper discusses the question of how Translation Theory and German Philology can be helpful to each other. It starts with some general observations on the history of the German Language with special emphasis on Middle High German. In the second part, a Middle High German Poem is translated into Portuguese.
Este artigo trata do desenvolvimento dos estudos da tradução na Europa, no siculo XX. O maior enfoque está na mudança da perspeciiva de pesquisa, da comparação entre línguas para a confrontação de textos e da focalização datradução como atividade pragmática para a investigação do pensamento do tradutor (perspectiva cognitiva). Paralelamente à discussão dos conceitos teóricos, comenta-se também o desenvolvimento institucional dos estudos da tradução.
Taking the notion of frame as a base for lexical dexcription, we elaborate a cognitive proverb-model. This model serves as an instrument for the understanding and the translation of proverbs. It makes it possible to trace the proverbs' structural, semantical and pragmatical recurrences in the text. In this paper we show the influence the proverb has on the text and discuss translation problems by means of examples.
This paper focusses On the discussion of the preservation of expressive aspects in translation., Considerations are grounded on the HJELMSLEVian concepts of the isomorphy between the planes of content and expression, which are both constituted by-substance and form. The present study intends to show that the connotative equivalence of a text can only be achieved in the target language when attention is paid to both the formal-stylistic and the textual-normative dimensions. This involves the appropriation of the stylistic values of the linguistic expression in the source language and, mainly, the understanding of the tropes and the relationships between them. Thus, the present study draws on discourse analysis, comprehending "enunciation" theories and the rhetorical and pragmatic considerations on the level of expression. Considering that the literary text is privileged in providing stylistically marked choices, it is important to highlight the phonetic and semantic correspondences, that is, the close relationship between sound and meaning, which harbours one of the major difficulties in translation. The theory is applied to "Os Sertões" (English translation: "Rebellion on the Backlands") by Euclides da Cunha.
A tradução de Samuel Putnam de "Os Sertões" : "Rebellion in the Backlands" de Euclides da Cunha
(1997)
The present paper looks at certain aspects of Samuel Putnam's translation of Euclides da Cunha's "Os Sertões", "Rebellion in the Backlands". Of great importance is the fact that "Os Sertões", usually seen as a work of literature in Brazil, is seen more as a factual narrative in English, and placed by its publisher, the University of Chicago Press, in the Literature/History section. Putnam also adds a large number of footnotes to those of Euclides de Cunha. Also of interest is the fact that Putnam, translating just when the US was entering the Second World War, goes to great lengths in his preface to emphasize how close "Os Sertões" is to the American experience of division in both the Civil War and the entrance of the US into the Second World War.
Die Übersetzung aus dem Mittelhochdeutschen als Hinführung zum Verständnis des Originals ist nicht nur das tägliche Brot in der mediävistischen Lehre, sie hat mittlerweile auch den Buchmarkt erobert. (…) Es scheint sich ein Konsens herausgebildet zu haben, wie dafür zu übersetzen ist: textdienlich, ohne Nachahmung der poetischen Form, v.a. der Reime, jedoch zeilengetreu, seltener sogar in reimlogischen Versen (…).
Rainer Maria Rilke übertrug sie beide ins Deutsche: Im Jahr 1907 veröffentlichte er die Mitte des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts verfassten 44 "Sonnets from the Portuguese" der Elizabeth Barrett Browning und 1917 erschienen die Mitte des sechzehnten Jahrhunderts entstandenen 24 Sonette der Louise Labé. Seine Versionen prägten bis heute den Eindruck beider Werke beim deutschsprachigen Publikum. Rund hundert Jahre später nahm sich nun Ingeborg Vetter der Sonette beider Dichterinnen an und bietet deutschsprachigen Lesern eine gelungene Alternative. Zwar wurden die Sonette von Labé und Barrett Browning in der Zwischenzeit auch von anderen Übersetzern verdeutscht, doch niemand sonst übertrug beide. Obwohl dreihundert Jahre zwischen ihnen liegen, sind sich die Liebesgedichte der Dichterinnen in ihren Originalsprachen auch jenseits der gemeinsamen Sonettform in ihrer Semantik, Rhetorik und Bildlichkeit ähnlich, denn beide stehen in der Nachfolge Petrarcas – auch wenn im einen Fall Shakespeare als zweite Bezugsgröße hinzukommt. In beiden Sammlungen ergründet je eine weibliche Liebende in vielerlei sprachlichen Variationen den Geliebten und die Natur der Liebe. Obgleich sie Petrarca und andere Petrarkisten trickreich zu überbieten sucht und sich als weibliche Sprecherin von der männlichen Masse absetzt, ist Labé noch stärker in der petrarkistischen Topik verhaftet: Man denke an das katalogische, anaphorisch-parallelistisch gestaltete Schönheitslob ("O beaus yeus bruns, ô regards destournez...") im zweiten Sonett. Viel bekannter ist aber das achtzehnte mit dem Aufruf zum Kuss oder zur Vereinigung (B"aise m'encor, rebaise moy et baise..."), dessen Zweideutigkeit zwar in Übersetzungen verloren geht, dem andeutungsweise frivolen Gedicht aber im Original zu großer Beliebtheit in der Populärkultur verholfen hat. Ebenso wie man zahlreiche Vertonungen desselben auf YouTube findet, entdeckt man auf der Plattform Rezitationen von Barrett Brownings berühmtem, strukturell auch katalogisch gestalteten Sonett Nummer dreiundvierzig ("How do I love thee? Let me count the ways...") – ja es wird sogar in einer Folge der "Peanuts" zitiert.
Der peruanische Autor Ciro Alegría beschreibt in seinem Roman "El mundo es ancho y ajeno" [Die Welt ist groß und fremd] von 1941 wie ein Indio auf einen Berg in den Anden steigt. Rosendo, Alegrías Protagonist, steigt auf diesen Berg, um Heilkräuter zu suchen, aber zu seiner Bergbesteigung wird er auch aus einem anderen Grund motiviert:
"En realidad, subió también porque le gustaba probar la gozosa fuerza de sus músculos en la lucha con las escarpadas cumbres y luego, al dominarlas, llenarse los ojos de horizontes. Amaba los amplios espacios y la magnífica grandeza de los Andes."
Rosendos Motivation scheint auf den ersten Blick die eines Alpinisten zu sein: Nämlich erstens der Drang nach Bewegung ("probar la gozosa fuerza de sus músculos"), zweitens ein Eroberungswille ("al dominarlas") und drittens den Blick von oben, als Panorama, zu genießen ("llenarse los ojos de horizontes"). In der deutschen Übersetzung heißt es:
"Aber er ging in Wahrheit auch hinauf, weil er an den jähen Abhängen die Kraft seiner Muskeln fühlen wollte, und weil er nichts so sehr liebte, wie von bezwungenen Berghöhen aus die Augen an fernen Horizonten zu weiden. Er liebte die riesigen Bäume, die erhabene Höhe der Anden […]." "Magnífica grandeza" lässt sich zwar mit "erhabene Höhe" übersetzen, doch gibt es für den Begriff "erhaben" im Spanischen treffendere Begriffe wie zum Beispiel elevado oder sublime. Magnífica meint dagegen vielmehr "prächtig". Können die Anden aus Rosendos Perspektive, aus der Perspektive eines Indios, als erhaben beschrieben werden? Will Alegría seinen Protagonisten die Anden tatsächlich so wahrnehmen lassen wie ein Europäer die Alpen im 18. Jahrhundert? Es scheint, als ob die Schweizer Übersetzer in Alegrías Text ein Stück europäische Tradition und Kultur "hineininterpretieren", nämlich das Gefühl des Erhabenen beim Anblick eines Bergmassivs wie es in der europäischen Tradition vor allem seit Kant eine bedeutende Rolle spielt. Ist der Blick der Schweizer Übersetzer in diesem Fall also eurozentrisch, da sie ein europäisches Gedankengut auf ein außereuropäisches Phänomen, das Hochland der Anden aus Sicht eines Indios, projizieren bzw. es dort wiederzufinden glauben und die Andersartigkeit der Fremdkultur mit der Übersetzung – vielleicht unbewusst – überspielen? Die Übersetzung erweist sich in diesem Fall also als problematisch.
Photographs, articles and documents related to Herbert Caro.
This text offers a closer look at Herbert Caro’s life, habits and his role as one of the founders of the Jewish Foundation SIBRA in Porto Alegre.
This text offers statements of former colleagues and friends of Herbert Caro.
Klaus Oliven relembra
(2007)
This text shows, besides Herbert Caro’s many accomplishments in his various activities, also some personal traces of his life. In this way the reader may obtain some insights into the personality of this outstanding intellectual.
This text offers a closer look on the personal environment of Herbert Caro, especially in regard to the role of his wife Nina Caro.
Fifteen years after his death in 1991 one can trace a certain tendency to turn the person and personality of Herbert Caro into a legendary figure where his work as a recognized translator mingles with episodes related to his passion for music as well as his specific kind of humour. It is therefore of no surprise that Caro himself turned into a literary character of the novel As Confissões de Lúcio by Brazilian writer Fernando Monteiro.
Conhecendo Herbert Caro
(2007)
Herbert Caro has been known for his translations and musical knowledge. This article focuses on his musical conception in his articles: “Romance de Capa sem Espada”, published in 1977, and the literary aspect in “A mãe brasileira de Thomas Mann” from 1976.
Erico Verissimo’s letters to Herbert Caro, during the 1950s, offer a portrait of the translator of Thomas Mann, revealing his taste for music and movies as well as an insights in his role as a critic and confident of the Brazilian author.
This article offers a general view on the historical circumstances regarding the exile of Herbert Caro in Brazil. It also informs on his intellectual and professional background, based on official documents and research material as well as on an interview that the author realized with Herbert Caro in 1988.
Herbert Caro
(2007)
A introductory text on Herbert Caro, his background and his activities in the Brazilian exile.
Introduction of the seminar dedicated to Herbert Caro, held on the 16th of October 2006 at the Goethe-Institute Porto Alegre, Brazil.
During the 1930s through the 1940s and into the 1950s, Spanish and German presentations in opposition to ardent nationalism share strikingly common aesthetic and ideological strategies supporting claims to a transnational, international space. Specific examples of common geography, identity and language in German and Spanish presentations (theater, short stories, reports, essays, speeches and poetry) in Spain and Latin America by German (Regler, Renn, Uhse), Spanish (J. Bergamin, R. Alberti, M. Aub) and Latin American (D. Rivera, P. Neruda, C. Vallejo) intellectuals, artists and activists during the 1930s through the 1950s will be explored. For example, German-speaking audiences and artists in Spain and Mexico shared a common lived and aesthetic space as Spanish-speaking audiences and artists. Further, many German presentations were translated into Spanish and visa versa. Here, presentations in “Das Wort” and “El Mono Azul” in Spain as well as “Freies Deutschland/Alemania libre” in Mexico will be referenced in developing a sense of re-definition of the concept of ‘foreign’ and ‘commonness’ beyond simply nationality (tradition, history and geography) and language. The impetus for an alternative, international and even revolutionary ‘space’ (as defined by Henri Lefebvre in The Production of Space) was produced in and through common Spanish and German strategies and realizations in their presentations. This Spanish-German example from the early/mid-part of the 20th century is a significant contribution to contemporary interdisciplinary discussions in the 21st century.
REAL – Revista de Estudos Alemães : 2011, No. 2 = Travessias e fronteiras ; traduzindo (d)o alemão
(2011)
Os textos reunidos na segunda edição da REAL respondem ao núcleo temático proposto pelos editores – com base no fundamento de que a tradução constitui uma forma privilegiada de representação de uma literatura estrangeira no polissistema literário nacional, além de configurar relações interlinguísticas e interculturais, preencher lacunas na cultura de chegada e, desse modo, contribuir para equilibrar assimetrias no universo das relações tradutórias entre Portugal e os países de língua alemã.
"Ah, a tradução […] exige um coração recto, devoto, fiel, esforçado, temente, […] douto, experimentado e destro. Por isso, tenho para mim que um […] espírito faccioso não é capaz de traduzir com fidelidade." (Lutero) Está sempre presente na mente do tradutor, de forma mais ou menos inconfessada, de forma mais ou menos inconsciente, e muito mais ainda no caso da tradução literária, pois é dela que estamos a falar, uma série de instâncias controladoras que regulam a sua produção como um superego de interesses divergentes. Este superego transforma o seu trabalho numa negociação de decisões drásticas e difíceis que envolvem: (a) a (pseudo) autarcia do texto ou ditadura do original; (b) o sistema de disponibilidades e exigências da língua de chegada; (c) aqueles que consideramos nossos pares, colegas de ofício, constituindo ao mesmo tempo o nosso desafio e a nossa segurança, que sempre temos em mente, mesmo sabendo que nem sempre terão tempo de nos ler, ou aqueles que por imperativo de profissão nos lêem e de quem esperamos a compreensão das nossas opções; (d) por contraponto, os “ím-pares”, eventualmente conhecendo as línguas, outras vezes nem por isso, mas ignorando o que é tradução, ao pensar que esta se resolve com equivalências lexicalizadas e automáticas, desconhecendo também as condições especiais da tradução literária; (e) o público real, a sua capacidade de interpretação e a medida da sua disponibilidade para processar a resistência criativa de um texto; (f) e os editores, com as suas linhas de orientação interna e as exigências que se prendem com o marketing.