BDSL-Klassifikation: 03.00.00 Literaturwissenschaft > 03.04.00 Methodik
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Is there something like a 'scientific' approach to the reading or interpretation of literary texts as is suggested by the German term 'Literaturwissenschaft'? This essay argues that genuinely scientific criteria such as the intersubjective verifiability of a given reading do not apply to the reading of literary texts. The reason is that such texts enable a quasi infinite range of different readings the preconceptions of which are contingent upon the individual readers, their previous experiences, literary as well as non-literary, and their expectations. — What, then, are the tasks of a scholarly reading of literary texts? Firstly, the theoretical reflection upon the status of such texts in comparison to pragmatic texts; secondly, the attempt at reconstructing their historical context (in terms of discursive history), and thirdly, a reading with regard to present-day problems. The 'quality' of a scholarly reading of a literary text would thus be dependent not on its 'objectivity', but rather on its capacity to produce resonances amongst other present-day readers, scholarly and non-scholarly.
This paper examines the well-known practice of developing a conceptual frame-work for reading works of literature in such a way as to illuminate previously ignored aspects of those works. It investigates the nature or genre of such discoveries: Are they philological? Hermeneutic? Do they correspond to the discipline of the framework selected? This problem is considered in the case of an example of the deployment of a very specific philosophical framework, namely the problem of skepticism as glossed by the American philosopher Stanley Cavell. This framework brings to light a structural affinity between two seemingly disparate moments in the history of German lyric poetry: the Biedermeier period and the works of Konkrete Dichtung from the mid-twentieth century. The paper postulates this affinity as an exam-ple of the kind of “discovery” whose type, usefulness, or even existence as discovery might be called into question and perhaps not, ultimately, agreed on.
In this paper, a methodology for the analysis of the structure of the thematic openings of academic journal articles is developed. The methodology is derived from Hyland (2000) and Fredrickson/Swales (1994). After sketching the methodology, it is used to examine a corpus of 14 articles selected from the periodical Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur. The conclusion discusses perspective for further studies in this thematic field.
[Rudolf Schenda] sah in [der Volksaufklärung] die Ursache für die "äußerst schleppende Bildungsentwicklung des 19. Jahrhunderts, die noch heute stark fortwirkt"; keine geistige Revolution stelle sie dar, sondern lediglich "ein klägliches Gefecht gegen den zähen Brei jahrhundertealter Unbildung". Dieses Gefecht, so wissen wir inzwischen, wurde besonders mittels des geschriebenen und gedruckten Wortes geführt. Mehrere tausend Schriften wandten sich an das leseunwillige Volk, hunderte von Zeitungen und Zeitschriften wurden für einfache Leser geschrieben, und zahllose Autoren zerbrachen sich den Kopf, auf welchen Wegen alle diese Druckerzeugnisse an den anvisierten neuen Adressaten zu bringen seien. Aus diesen Diskussionen, aus dieser neu erschlossenen Literatur insgesamt läßt sich heute ein differenziertes Bild einer Reformbewegung zeichnen, die die ersten Schritte hin zu einer allgemeinen und gleichen Bildung tat. Diese Bemühungen sind voller Widersprüche, Unentschlossenheiten und Unschlüssigkeiten, doch stellen sie die erste Infragestellung des Bildungsprivilegs der oberen Stände dar.