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Çeviri yaparken her iki dile, kültüre yeterince hâkim olmamak bir dizi çeviri hatalarına yol açabilir. Bu noktada kaynak ve erek dilde yeterli kelime hazinesine sahip olmanın yanı sıra kelimelerin kullanım alanlarını, kurallarını, edim bilimsel etkilerini, sözdizimsel kuralları vs. de iyi bilmek gerekir. Humboldt ve Saussure’ün dil hakkındaki düşüncelerinden etkilenen Trier’in ortaya attığı sözlüksel alan teorisinin metin anlama ve anlatma edinci kapsamında etkilerinin neler olabileceği ve çeviribilimin sözlüksel alan teorisinden nasıl yararlanabileceği konusu irdelenmeye çalışılacaktır. Trier’e (1973:5) göre bir sözcüğün anlaşılabilmesi için, sözlüksel alanın tamamının bilinmesi
gerekir ve ancak sözlüksel alana hâkim isek o sözcüğü doğru anlayabiliriz. Anlam sadece ve sadece sözlüksel alan sayesinde vardır. Sözlüksel alan yoksa anlam da yoktur. Anlatılmak istenen düşünceye veya olguya dair bir kelimenin belli bir dilde bulunmaması bu düşüncenin veya olgunun o dilde olmadığı anlamına gelmez. Hayata dair genel kültür bilgimize ve tecrübelerimize dayanarak bu yeni kavramı
anlayabiliriz.
Taking the notion of frame as a base for lexical dexcription, we elaborate a cognitive proverb-model. This model serves as an instrument for the understanding and the translation of proverbs. It makes it possible to trace the proverbs' structural, semantical and pragmatical recurrences in the text. In this paper we show the influence the proverb has on the text and discuss translation problems by means of examples.
Several phenomena associated with the differences in the performance of novice interpreters and semi-professionals have been discussed in the paper. Particular emphasis was placed on the occurrence of imported cognitive load which strongly influenced the performance of the subjects also in places where no intrinsic difficulty had been detected. Nevertheless, too little evidence was provided to establish a more detailed pattern of imported cognitive load, which was due to the limited number of participants in the study. It would be possible to obtain more detailed data and comments from the participants by means of interviews conducted individually with the participants. It would allow asking detailed questions to the participants, which might be a more reliable method than the immediate retrospective accounts. Moreover, in the present study such variables as gender differences, age differences and the possible influence of other foreign languages were not taken into account. Perhaps these variables might shed some light on the issue of the management of cognitive resources. Also, the corpus gathered for the present study may be used for the investigation of other aspects of the SI performance.
Pro objektivní analýzu rozvoje tlumočnické kompetence studentů je třeba použít měřitelná kritéria. Při experimentu, který je zde popsán, byla východiskem metodologie textové lingvistiky: Tlumočnický výkon 8 studentů byl hodnocen na základě ekvivalence, logické koheze, koherence cílového textu a zahrnuty byly i tlumočnické protokoly studentů doplněné o jejich vlastní komentáře. Výsledek provedené analýzy povede k přizpůsobení didaktických strategií při další práci se studenty.
The purpose of this article is to report on the work carried out during the research project "O trabalho de tradutor como fonte para a constituição de base de dados" (The translator´s work as a source for the constitution of a database). Through the restoration, organization and digitalization of the personal glossary and part of the books containing the translations made by the deceased public translator Gustavo Lohnefink, this research project intends to construct a digital database of German – Portuguese technical terms (for the language pair), which could then be used by other translators. In order to achieve this purpose, a specific methodology had to be developed, which could be used as a starting-point for the treatment and recovery of other similarly organized data-collections.
U radu se analizira drugi cjeloviti objavljeni prijevod Svetoga pisma na hrvatski jezik, Škarićevo Sveto pismo Staroga i Novoga uvita (Beč, 1858. – 1861.); opisuju se njegove jezične osobine, utvrđuje se njegovo mjesto u dugoj hrvatskoj svetopisamskoj prevodilačkoj tradiciji te njegov utjecaj na proces standardizacije hrvatskoga jezika.
Donose se neke nove spoznaje o Lajpciškom lekcionaru, ćiriličnom rukopisu najvjerojatnije iz šestog ili sedmog desetljeća XVI. stoljeća. Ponajprije je riječ o rezultatima analize vodenih znakova, što je osobito važno jer je datacija rukopisa u literaturi bila prijeporna, a zatim i o novim podacima o knjižnici i signaturi rukopisa. Također se, u bliskoj vezi s analizom folijacije rukopisa, izlaže jedna važna tekstološka spoznaja koja pouzdano pokazuje da je predložak bio cjelovit, što indirektno osnažuje tezu da rukopisu na početku nedostaje devet listova, a ne, kako je tvrdio Joseph Schütz, samo jedan.
The present study is about note taking techniques in consecutive translation and their application. In the beginning we analyzed in the relevant literature, consecutive interpretation among translation techniques, note taking, and the function and features of note taking in consecutive translation. Afterwards, we presented the problems that an interpreter might face in consecutive interpretation with concrete examples and provided possible methods and techniques to overcome these. Hereby, we emphasized that note taking techniques are an important feature to remember while translating and its function as a memory supporting tool. In the last section we discussed the roles of a consecutive interpreter and emphasized within this context the usage of the earlier mentioned note taking techniques (use of acronyms, signs, and symbols). Moreover we highlighted that each interpreter has to have his/her own techniques and improve these continuously.
Metaphorization and selected translation techniques : the case study of "National Geographic"
(2008)
Im Prinzip handelt es sich um drei Faktoren der Dolmetscherpraxis, die der Neutralität des Dolmetschers entgegenwirken können: Identität – Loyalität – Integrität (vgl. Pöchhacker 2008:115ff):
- Eine komplexe Identität bildet sich u.a. auf Grund der Kulturen heraus, die der Dolmetscher kennt oder in denen er aufgewachsen ist, wobei dies kein glatter und widerspruchsloser Prozess sein muss.
- Mit Loyalität wird in der Praxis gerechnet: Bevorzugt wird ein autonomer Dolmetscher (ein einheimischer) gegenüber einem heteronomen (einem fremden, ausländischen), denn die Kommunikationspartner sind bemüht, die Kommunikation zu kontrollieren.
- Integrität ist die Aufgabe des Dolmetschers: Er soll verbinden und nicht zwischen, sondern für zwei Kulturen moderieren.
Der Dolmetscher solle schließlich – nach Vorstellung vieler – als "Friedensbotschafter im Niemandsland", als "Kulturpendler auf einer Sprachfähre" und "neutraler Vermittler an jeder Front" seine Dienste der Menschheit zur Verfügung stellen. Das bedeutet, dass von ihm verlangt wird, neutral und unparteiisch zu bleiben und originalgetreu sowie vollständig zu dolmetschen. Sind diese Anforderungen real oder eher ideal?