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Translation is a very broad, complex and multi-faceted phenomenon, encompassing much more factors than it seems at first glance. It is not just copying the words from the original work while changing the language, but it consists of a careful selection of appropriate phrases and expressions, combining them together in a skillful way while taking into consideration numerous aspects, one of them being the text type. The purpose of this article is, therefore, to present various text typologies and text types, specify their implications for translators and determine the role of the correct recognition of text type in producing a successful translation. This will be done on the assumption that a text type is one of the basic factors that allow the translator to recognise the function and purpose of the text as well as the author's intention. Thus, depending on the nature of these, the translator will inevitably resort to different techniques and strategies in order to successfully render the source text. Therefore, identifying the text type also helps the translator to select the appropriate translation strategy.
This article will attempt to suggest translation procedures necessary to translate culturally bound items in the referential level of a literary work illustrated with examples from two novels: “The Bluest Eye” by Toni Morrison and “Vineland” by Thomas Pynchon. First, the article will include a general description of the referential level in literary works offering possible avenues of 285 its rendition, then and finally suggest a translation methodology and techniques together with practical examples of the theory at work.
Im Rahmen eines umfangreichen Projekts zu Übersetzungsmöglichkeiten der deutschen Modalverben ins Portugiesische – und nachdem wir schon den Fall sollen behandelt haben (siehe Hörster/Athayde/Carecho 2011) – stellen wir in dieser Studie einige wesentliche Ergebnisse unserer Untersuchung bezüglich des Modalverbs müssen dar. Ziel unserer Arbeit war nicht die semantische und pragmatische Beschreibung der einzelnen Modalverben, ein Thema, das immer wieder im Mittelpunkt der wissenschaftlichen Diskussion steht. Vielmehr war es unsere Absicht, einen Beitrag zur zweisprachigen Lexikografie, zur Fremdsprachendidaktik und vor allem zur Übersetzungsdidaktik zu leisten.
The purpose of this article is to report on the work carried out during the research project "O trabalho de tradutor como fonte para a constituição de base de dados" (The translator´s work as a source for the constitution of a database). Through the restoration, organization and digitalization of the personal glossary and part of the books containing the translations made by the deceased public translator Gustavo Lohnefink, this research project intends to construct a digital database of German – Portuguese technical terms (for the language pair), which could then be used by other translators. In order to achieve this purpose, a specific methodology had to be developed, which could be used as a starting-point for the treatment and recovery of other similarly organized data-collections.
This paper aims to investigate the dynamics of text-image interplay as exemplified by various text types applied to second language teaching and translation didactics. Based on examples of texts from the fields of Science, Technology, Literature and Language Teaching, the authors attempt to assess both successful and unsuccessful instances of the application of iconical resources in text production. Some didactic consequences are discussed.
Metaphorization and selected translation techniques : the case study of "National Geographic"
(2008)
I shall use the precise term 'interlinear morphemic translation (IMT) to designate the object of this study. [...] An IMT is a translation of a text in a language L1 to a string of elements taken from L2 where, ideally, each morpheme of the L1 text is rendered by a morpheme of L2 or a configuration of symbols representing its meaning and where the sequence of the units of the translation corresponds to the sequence of the morphemes which they render. [...] An IMT is needed whenever it is essential that the reader grasp the grammatical structure of the L1 text but is presumed to be so unfamiliar with L1 that he will not be able to do so merely with the aid of a normal translation and the context in which the text is cited. [...] The primary aim of an IMT is to make the grammatical structure of the L1 text transparent. The textual fluency of the IMT by standards of the L2 grammar is a subordinate aim at best.
Seit der zweiten Hälfte des letzten Jahrhunderts zieht die Übersetzung im Fremdsprachenunterricht (FSU) das Interesse der Fremdsprachendidaktiker auf sich. In den anhaltenden Diskussionen über den Stellenwert der Übersetzung im FSU bestehen aber immer noch verschiedene Meinungen. Die Meinungsverschiedenheiten beruhen vor allem auf diversen miteinander konkurrierenden Lerntheorien und damit auch auf unterschiedlichen methodischen Prinzipien. Im Zusammenhang mit den herrschenden didaktischen Richtungen und mit den unterschiedlichen Lernzielen, die im Fremdsprachenunterricht verfolgt werden können, wird auch die Übersetzung unter mehreren Gesichtspunkten betrachtet und bewertet. Hinsichtlich der Funktion der Übersetzung ist es inzwischen üblich geworden, zwischen zwei Verwendungsweisen zu unterscheiden: Einerseits wird die Übersetzung als ein methodisches Mittel zur Festigung, Erweiterung und Prüfung sprachlicher Fertigkeiten angewendet, andererseits ist sie als eine eigene Fertigkeit selbst ein Übungs- und Unterrichtsziel.