430 Germanische Sprachen; Deutsch
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (922)
- Part of a Book (205)
- Review (141)
- Part of Periodical (117)
- Conference Proceeding (72)
- Book (51)
- Working Paper (20)
- Contribution to a Periodical (19)
- Doctoral Thesis (17)
- Preprint (11)
Language
- German (1252)
- English (152)
- Portuguese (110)
- Turkish (50)
- Multiple languages (28)
- Spanish (4)
- Croatian (1)
Keywords
- Deutsch (574)
- Deutsch als Fremdsprache (106)
- Linguistik (101)
- Fremdsprachenunterricht (97)
- Deutschunterricht (89)
- Germanistik (82)
- Fremdsprache (72)
- Fremdsprachenlernen (71)
- Phraseologie (69)
- Literatur (51)
- Tschechisch (49)
- Zeitschrift (48)
- Begriff (46)
- Geschichte (44)
- Literaturwissenschaft (42)
- Interkulturalität (39)
- Sprache (39)
- Übersetzung (38)
- Semantik (33)
- Brasilien (30)
- Fachsprache (30)
- Syntax (30)
- Türkisch (30)
- Slowakei (27)
- Gefühl (26)
- Rezension (26)
- German (25)
- Dialektologie (24)
- Korpus <Linguistik> (24)
- Didaktik (23)
- Lehrerbildung (23)
- German as a foreign language (22)
- Spracherwerb (22)
- Experiment (21)
- Grammatik (20)
- Kontrastive Linguistik (20)
- Metapher (20)
- Phraseologismus (20)
- Wortbildung (20)
- Textlinguistik (19)
- Verb (19)
- Phonologie (18)
- Sprachwandel (18)
- Lexikologie (17)
- Mehrsprachigkeit (17)
- Zweisprachigkeit (17)
- Frühneuhochdeutsch (16)
- Lexikographie (16)
- Portugiesisch (16)
- Pragmatik (16)
- Schweizerdeutsch (16)
- Sprachunterricht (16)
- Textsorte (16)
- Deutschland (15)
- E-Learning (15)
- Sprachliches Experiment (15)
- Türkei (14)
- Wissenschaftssprache (14)
- Übersetzungswissenschaft (14)
- Soziolinguistik (13)
- Vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft (13)
- Interkulturelles Lernen (12)
- Kollokation (12)
- Sprachpolitik (12)
- Sprachstatistik (12)
- Tschechische Republik (12)
- Wörterbuch (12)
- Adjektiv (11)
- Diachronie (11)
- Digitalisierung (11)
- Gewalt (11)
- Konferenz (11)
- Kulturwissenschaften (11)
- Morphologie (11)
- Phonetik (11)
- Slowakisch (11)
- Sprachkontakt (11)
- Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft (11)
- Ausländer (10)
- Kommunikation (10)
- Lehrmittel (10)
- Medizin (10)
- Namenkunde (10)
- Präposition (10)
- Wirtschaftssprache (10)
- Anglizismus (9)
- Englisch (9)
- Germanistenverband (9)
- Gesprochene Sprache (9)
- Kongress (9)
- Minderheitensprache (9)
- Nominalisierung (9)
- Sprechakt (9)
- Textproduktion (9)
- Wortstellung (9)
- Österreich (9)
- Deutschlehrer (8)
- Diskurs (8)
- Germanistikstudium (8)
- Interkulturelles Verstehen (8)
- Kognitive Linguistik (8)
- Mundart (8)
- Passiv (8)
- Phraseology (8)
- Polnisch (8)
- Rechtssprache (8)
- Relativsatz (8)
- Sprachlehrbuch (8)
- Sprachvariante (8)
- Valenz <Linguistik> (8)
- Diskursanalyse (7)
- Expressivität <Linguistik> (7)
- Foreign language teaching (7)
- Genus (7)
- Informationsstruktur (7)
- Interferenz <Linguistik> (7)
- Lehrmittelanalyse (7)
- Mittelalter (7)
- Mittelhochdeutsch (7)
- Neue Medien (7)
- Polysemie (7)
- Selbstgesteuertes Lernen (7)
- Sprachgebrauch (7)
- Sprichwort (7)
- Stereotyp (7)
- Textverstehen (7)
- Translation (7)
- Unterrichtsmethode (7)
- Wortschatz (7)
- Zeitung (7)
- Äquivalenz (7)
- Alemão como língua estrangeira (6)
- Althochdeutsch (6)
- Bibliographie (6)
- Chatten <Kommunikation> (6)
- Deutsch als Zweitsprache (6)
- Deutsche Literatur (6)
- Fehler (6)
- Fernunterricht (6)
- Film (6)
- Gefühlsausdruck (6)
- Gegenwartssprache (6)
- Grammatikalisation (6)
- Integriertes Lernen (6)
- Jugendsprache (6)
- Kultur (6)
- Lexikografie (6)
- Niederländisch (6)
- Phraseodidaktik (6)
- Spanisch (6)
- Sprachtypologie (6)
- Standardsprache (6)
- Stilistik (6)
- Transfer (6)
- Transylvanian Saxons (6)
- Transylvanian-Saxon (6)
- Universität (6)
- Wortfeld (6)
- interculturality (6)
- onomastics (6)
- Ableitung <Linguistik> (5)
- Aspekt <Linguistik> (5)
- Auslandsgermanistik (5)
- Extraposition (5)
- Fremdsprachenunterricht / Deutsch (5)
- Funktionsverbgefüge (5)
- Germanist (5)
- Germanistische Linguistik (5)
- Internet (5)
- Jiddisch (5)
- Kasus (5)
- Komposition <Wortbildung> (5)
- Kompositum (5)
- Konstruktionsgrammatik (5)
- Kontrastive Phraseologie (5)
- Konversationsanalyse (5)
- Lehnwort (5)
- Lehrbuch (5)
- Modalpartikel (5)
- Modalverb (5)
- Morphologie <Linguistik> (5)
- Multilingualism (5)
- Mähren (5)
- Mündliche Kommunikation (5)
- Negation (5)
- Online-Publizieren (5)
- Polen (5)
- Portugiesisch / Brasilien (5)
- Pronomen (5)
- Prosodie (5)
- Rechtschreibung (5)
- Referenzidentität (5)
- Sprachgeschichte (5)
- Sprichwortforschung (5)
- Suffix (5)
- Topikalisierung (5)
- Transylvania (5)
- Weblog (5)
- Werbesprache (5)
- Wissenschaftskommunikation (5)
- intercultural communication (5)
- translation (5)
- wooden language (5)
- Alemannisch (4)
- Almanca (4)
- Analyse (4)
- Angewandte Linguistik (4)
- Argumentation (4)
- Bairisch (4)
- Demonstrativpronomen (4)
- Dialekt (4)
- Dialog (4)
- Didactics (4)
- Elektronisches Forum (4)
- Elektronisches Publizieren (4)
- Fußball (4)
- Fähigkeit (4)
- German language (4)
- German minority (4)
- Gesellschaft (4)
- Historische Morphologie (4)
- Historische Sprachwissenschaft (4)
- Internetsprache (4)
- Intonation <Linguistik> (4)
- Isländisch (4)
- Kongressbericht (4)
- Konjunktion (4)
- Kontrastive Syntax (4)
- Körper <Motiv> (4)
- Lernspiel (4)
- Lesekompetenz (4)
- Lexem (4)
- Linguistic Landscape (4)
- Literaturunterricht (4)
- Medien (4)
- Meißner Rechtsbuch (4)
- Mittelhessisch (4)
- Musik (4)
- Mündlichkeit (4)
- Name (4)
- Nebensatz (4)
- Neologismus (4)
- Nominalphrase (4)
- Open Access (4)
- Optimalitätstheorie (4)
- Partikel (4)
- Partikelverb (4)
- Personalpronomen (4)
- Personenname (4)
- Phraseme (4)
- Phraseodidactics (4)
- Plural (4)
- Politik (4)
- Politische Kommunikation (4)
- Rhetorik (4)
- Rumäniendeutsch (4)
- Russisch (4)
- Schwedisch (4)
- Schüler (4)
- Semasiologie (4)
- Social Media (4)
- Sprachverstehen (4)
- Sprachwechsel (4)
- Sprechakttheorie (4)
- Studium (4)
- Ungarisch (4)
- Valenz (4)
- Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten (4)
- Wissenschaftsgeschichte (4)
- Zeitungssprache (4)
- Ablehnung (3)
- Adjunkt <Linguistik> (3)
- Adverb (3)
- Albanisch (3)
- Alemão como língua adicional (3)
- Almanca Öğretmenliği (3)
- App <Programm> (3)
- Artikulation (3)
- Aufsatzsammlung (3)
- Aussprache (3)
- Authentizität (3)
- Bedeutung (3)
- Berufsaussicht (3)
- Bestimmter Artikel (3)
- Bewerbung (3)
- Bibliografie (3)
- Blended learning (3)
- Böhmen (3)
- Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (3)
- Computerunterstützte Kommunikation (3)
- Construction grammar (3)
- Contrastive analysis (3)
- Culture (3)
- Curriculum (3)
- Datenbank (3)
- Dativ (3)
- Digital media (3)
- Digitale Medien (3)
- Dolmetschen (3)
- Dänisch (3)
- Einführung (3)
- Elektronische Zeitung (3)
- Erzählen (3)
- Etymologie (3)
- Evaluation (3)
- Fachinformationsdienst (3)
- Feldlinguistik (3)
- Flexion (3)
- Foreign language (3)
- Foreign language learning (3)
- Formale Semantik (3)
- Forschung (3)
- Freier Relativsatz (3)
- Fremdsprachenpolitik (3)
- Fugenelement (3)
- Geisteswissenschaften (3)
- Germanisch (3)
- Globalisierung (3)
- Grammatiktheorie (3)
- Grammatikunterricht (3)
- Grimm, Jacob (3)
- Handschrift (3)
- Hunsrückisch (3)
- Idiom (3)
- Idioms (3)
- Illokutiver Akt (3)
- Informationsverdichtung (3)
- Informationsvermittlung (3)
- Interaktion (3)
- Interjektion (3)
- Italienisch (3)
- Jugendzeitschrift (3)
- Kontrastive Phonetik (3)
- Kontrastive Textlinguistik (3)
- Korpusanalyse (3)
- Kreatives Schreiben (3)
- Kreativität (3)
- Kulturkontakt (3)
- Kulturvermittlung (3)
- Lautwandel (3)
- Lehnübersetzung (3)
- Lernen (3)
- Lerntechnik (3)
- Luther, Martin (3)
- Marx, Karl (3)
- Mediensprache (3)
- Migration (3)
- Modalität <Linguistik> (3)
- Motivation (3)
- Nachruf (3)
- Newspeak (3)
- Niederdeutsch (3)
- Olmütz (3)
- Online-Medien (3)
- Online-Wörterbuch (3)
- Phraseographie (3)
- Phraseography (3)
- Politische Sprache (3)
- Presse (3)
- Produktivität <Linguistik> (3)
- Rechtsradikalismus (3)
- Satzakzent (3)
- Schriftlichkeit (3)
- Schriftsprache (3)
- Sprachfertigkeit (3)
- Sprachhandeln (3)
- Sprachkompetenz (3)
- Sprachpflege (3)
- Sprachproduktion (3)
- Sprachstil (3)
- Sprachverfall (3)
- Sprechangst (3)
- Studiengang Deutsch als Fremdsprache (3)
- Substantiv (3)
- Textanalyse (3)
- Textkohärenz (3)
- Thema-Rhema-Gliederung (3)
- Transylvanian-Saxon vernacular (3)
- Turkish (3)
- Ungarndeutsche (3)
- Unterricht (3)
- Unterspezifikation (3)
- Variation (3)
- Violence (3)
- Virtuelle Hochschule (3)
- Vokabellernen (3)
- Vokal (3)
- Wahlplakat (3)
- Werbung (3)
- Witz (3)
- Zeitungstext (3)
- Zorn <Motiv> (3)
- Zweite Fremdsprache (3)
- Zwillingsformel (3)
- doch (3)
- language production (3)
- phraseology (3)
- word order (3)
- Übersetzungskritik (3)
- (in)traductibility (2)
- Adorno, Theodor W. (2)
- Advertisement (2)
- Akustische Phonetik (2)
- Alemão (2)
- Alemão como Língua Estrangeira (2)
- Alltagssprache (2)
- Anapher <Syntax> (2)
- Anglicism (2)
- Angst (2)
- Angst <Motiv> (2)
- Antonym (2)
- Anxiety (2)
- Arabisch (2)
- Arabische Staaten (2)
- Argument <Linguistik> (2)
- Argumentstruktur (2)
- Artikulatorische Phonetik (2)
- Assimilation <Phonetik> (2)
- Aufgabensammlung (2)
- Ausland (2)
- Autobiographie (2)
- Autonomia (2)
- Autonomie (2)
- Autonomy (2)
- Bachelorstudium (2)
- Bail-out <Wirtschaft> (2)
- Banat (2)
- Beceri (2)
- Bedeutungswörterbuch (2)
- Bewegungsverb (2)
- Bildung (2)
- Bilingualism (2)
- Blended Learning (2)
- Brazil (2)
- Brief (2)
- Bulgarisch (2)
- Böhmische Länder (2)
- COVID-19 (2)
- Chur (2)
- Collocation (2)
- Contrastive linguistics (2)
- Corpus analysis (2)
- Cultural Studies (2)
- DACH-Prinzip (2)
- Das Deutsche Referenzkorpus (2)
- Database (2)
- Deskriptivität (2)
- Deutschlehrerausbildung (2)
- Digital Humanities (2)
- Discourse (2)
- Diskursrepräsentationstheorie (2)
- Distance learning (2)
- Early New High German (2)
- Education (2)
- Einfluss (2)
- Einstellung (2)
- Einwanderer (2)
- Einwanderung (2)
- Entlehnung (2)
- Equivalence (2)
- Erinnerung (2)
- Error (2)
- Euphemismus (2)
- Fachportal (2)
- Fachwissen (2)
- Familienname (2)
- Fehleranalyse (2)
- Festschrift (2)
- Filmkritik (2)
- Finnisch (2)
- Flucht (2)
- Foreign language education (2)
- Frau (2)
- Frau <Motiv> (2)
- Funktion (2)
- Funktionsverb (2)
- Gamification (2)
- Gefühl <Motiv> (2)
- Generative Transformationsgrammatik (2)
- Genitiv (2)
- Genus verbi (2)
- German as a foreign language (GFL) (2)
- German as an additional language (2)
- German language Study and teaching (2)
- German language in Romania (2)
- German teacher candidates (2)
- Germanismus (2)
- Germany (2)
- Geschichte 1250-1500 (2)
- Globalization (2)
- Glottisverschlusslaut (2)
- Grammatische Kategorie (2)
- Graphemik (2)
- Grundschule (2)
- Hermeneutik (2)
- Herta Müller (2)
- Hessen (2)
- Hilfsverb (2)
- Hinterrhein (2)
- Hochschule (2)
- Hochschulunterricht (2)
- Homonymie (2)
- Höflichkeit (2)
- Hörverstehen (2)
- Ideologie (2)
- Indeklinabile (2)
- Indirekte Rede (2)
- Infinitkonstruktion (2)
- Informationsbeschaffung (2)
- Informationstechnik (2)
- Interkulturelle Erziehung (2)
- Internationalismus <Linguistik> (2)
- Internetphänomen (2)
- Interrogativpronomen (2)
- Intertextualität (2)
- Kanon (2)
- Karlin, Alma M. (2)
- Karlin, Alma M.: Windlichter des Todes: Roman aus Siam (2)
- Kaygı (2)
- Kinderliteratur (2)
- Kindersprache (2)
- Kognition (2)
- Kommunikative Kompetenz (2)
- Konnotation (2)
- Konsonant (2)
- Kontext (2)
- Kontrastive Phonologie (2)
- Kopula (2)
- Korrektur (2)
- Korrelat (2)
- Kulturelles Lernen (2)
- Kulturschock (2)
- Kurzwort (2)
- Landeskunde (2)
- Language (2)
- Language change (2)
- Language teaching (2)
- Latein (2)
- Lautstilistik (2)
- Learning strategies (2)
- Lebens-Idiome (2)
- Legal translation (2)
- Lehramt (2)
- Lehrer (2)
- Leitartikel (2)
- Lernerwörterbuch (2)
- Lernjournal (2)
- Lernmotivation (2)
- Lexicography (2)
- Lexikostatistik (2)
- Liebe <Motiv> (2)
- Lied (2)
- Linguistic variation (2)
- Linguizismus (2)
- Literarisches Experiment (2)
- Loan translation (2)
- Logische Partikel (2)
- Luxemburgisch (2)
- Lyrics <Lyrik> (2)
- Malaysia (2)
- Manuskript (2)
- Maschinelle Übersetzung (2)
- Material didático (2)
- Medienkompetenz (2)
- Metalexikografie (2)
- Methode (2)
- Microblogging (2)
- Migrantenliteratur (2)
- Modalität (2)
- Modifikator (2)
- Modus (2)
- Moodle (2)
- Morphosyntax (2)
- Muttersprache (2)
- Märchen (2)
- Namengebung (2)
- Neurolinguistik (2)
- Nichtverbale Kommunikation (2)
- Nomen (2)
- Nominalkompositum (2)
- Objekt (2)
- Online-Befragung (2)
- Onomastics (2)
- Oral history (2)
- Ostravska Univerzita. Katedra germanistiky (2)
- Pandemie (2)
- Partizip (2)
- Partizip Präsens (2)
- Phrasemes (2)
- Phraseological neologisms (2)
- Plurizentrische Sprache (2)
- Polish (2)
- Portuguese (2)
- Português (2)
- Pragmatics (2)
- Professional language (2)
- Prototyp <Linguistik> (2)
- Präfix (2)
- Präpositionale Wortverbindung (2)
- Präsupposition (2)
- Pädagogik (2)
- Quantifizierung <Linguistik> (2)
- Rap (2)
- Reflexivität <Linguistik> (2)
- Reflexivpronomen (2)
- Reformation (2)
- Register (2)
- Register <Linguistik> (2)
- Rettungsschirm (2)
- Rhenish (2)
- Romania (2)
- Romanian (2)
- Romanian folk ballad (2)
- Romanian folk poetry (2)
- Rumänien (2)
- Russland (2)
- Santa Catarina (2)
- Satzadverb (2)
- Satzanalyse (2)
- Satzverbindung (2)
- Scale development (2)
- Scham <Motiv> (2)
- Schleiermacher, Friedrich (2)
- Schreib- und Lesefähigkeit (2)
- Silbe (2)
- Skill (2)
- Slang (2)
- Slawische Sprachen (2)
- Smartphone (2)
- Soziale Integration (2)
- Soziolekt (2)
- Spiel (2)
- Spoken language (2)
- Spoločnost' Učitel'ov Nemeckého Jazyka a Germanistov Slovenska (2)
- Sprachbewertung (2)
- Sprachgefühl (2)
- Sprachkartografie (2)
- Sprachkultur (2)
- Sprachlehrforschung (2)
- Sprachmischung (2)
- Sprachnorm (2)
- Sprachpurismus (2)
- Sprachschönheit (2)
- Sprachtheorie (2)
- Sprachvergleich (2)
- Sprachverhalten (2)
- Sprachästhetik (2)
- Sprechfertigkeit (2)
- Stadtmundart (2)
- Standard (2)
- Stimmhaftigkeit (2)
- Stimmlosigkeit (2)
- Student (2)
- Students' beliefs (2)
- Substandardsprache (2)
- Svaz Germanist°u České Republiky (2)
- Synchronie (2)
- Teacher (2)
- Teaching German as a foreign language (2)
- Technical term (2)
- Tempus (2)
- Text (2)
- Textbook analysis (2)
- Textbooks (2)
- Theaterpädagogik (2)
- Tod <Motiv> (2)
- Tongji-Daxue <Schanghai> (2)
- Tourismus (2)
- Transitivität (2)
- Translation competence (2)
- Tschechien (2)
- Twitter <Softwareplattform> (2)
- Türkischer Einwanderer (2)
- Türkischunterricht (2)
- Türkçe (2)
- Ukraine (2)
- Umgangssprache (2)
- Umlaut (2)
- Unbestimmtheit (2)
- Ungarn (2)
- Uzaktan eğitim (2)
- Valency (2)
- Valenzwörterbuch (2)
- Variationslinguistik (2)
- Variação linguística (2)
- Verbale Kommunikation (2)
- Verbalkomplex (2)
- Verschlusslaut (2)
- Verständlichkeit (2)
- Vielfalt (2)
- Vorlesen (2)
- Vorlesung (2)
- Vorurteil (2)
- Wirtschaft (2)
- Wissenschaftliche Literatur (2)
- Wissenschaftstransfer (2)
- Wissenssoziologie (2)
- Wissensvermittlung (2)
- Word Order (2)
- Wortakzent (2)
- Wortverbindung (2)
- Yabancı Dil Olarak Almanca Öğretimi (2)
- Yabancı dil (2)
- Zitat (2)
- Zweitstellung (2)
- also (2)
- animacy (2)
- bilingual phraseography (2)
- bilingualism (2)
- borrowing (2)
- communism (2)
- communist era (2)
- conceptual metaphors (2)
- condolences messages (2)
- connotation (2)
- culture (2)
- dass (2)
- death notices (2)
- dictionary (2)
- dictionary analysis (2)
- equivalence (2)
- identity (2)
- idiom (2)
- idioms (2)
- imagology (2)
- language of journalism (2)
- lexicographical standards (2)
- multilingualism (2)
- onomastic interferences (2)
- phraseography (2)
- phraseologisches Wörterbuch (2)
- phraseologism (2)
- pragmalinguistics (2)
- research themes (2)
- terminology (2)
- text genres (2)
- transculturality (2)
- type of text (2)
- weil (2)
- wohl (2)
- word formation (2)
- written language (2)
- Ärger <Motiv> (2)
- Çeviri (2)
- Ölçek geliştirme (2)
- Österreichische Literatur (2)
- Österreichisches Deutsch (2)
- Öğrenci özerkliği (2)
- Übertragung (2)
- "The chronicle and the song of the ages” (1)
- (buy) with the meaning of ,religious and legal marriage (1)
- (change) with the meaning of ,marry’ ,getting married’ (1)
- (funeral) rituals (1)
- (internet) memes (1)
- ,making excuses, evasions‘ (1)
- 16th to 18th century (1)
- 20th century (1)
- 7. Internationale Konferenz 'Interkulturelle und Transkulturelle Dimension im Linguistischen, Kulturellen und Historischen Kontext' am Lehrstuhl für Fremdsprachen an der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Pardubice (1)
- A. Forstenheim (1)
- A. Franken (1)
- ALE no Brasil (1)
- Abba - Avis - Abbreviare (1)
- Abordagem intercultural (1)
- Abordagem reflexiva (1)
- Absatz <Text> (1)
- Academic German as an elective course (1)
- Academic field (1)
- Accommodation (1)
- Achleitner, Friedrich (1)
- Achleitner, Friedrich: einschlafgeschichten (1)
- Achleitner, Friedrich: und oder oder und (1)
- Acoustic neuroma (1)
- Acronyms (1)
- Action research (1)
- Ad-eylem birleşmeleri (1)
- Adjective (1)
- Adolescent language (1)
- Adolf Meschendörfer (1)
- Adressierung (1)
- Adverbiale (1)
- Aerodynamik (1)
- Affiliated societies (1)
- Affirmative (1)
- Affirmativeness (1)
- Affix (1)
- Agent (1)
- Agrammatismus (1)
- Agriculture (1)
- Akademisches Deutsch als Wahlfach (1)
- Akademisches Schreiben (1)
- Akronym (1)
- Aktarım (1)
- Aktionsforschung (1)
- Aktionsgruppe Banat (1)
- Aktiver Wortschatz (1)
- Akustikustumor (1)
- Akzent (1)
- Albanologie (1)
- Alemannic dialects (1)
- Alemán como lengua extranjera (1)
- Alemão LE (1)
- Alemão após inglês (1)
- Alemão como Língua Estrangeira (ALE) (1)
- Alemão como língua estrangeira (ALE) (1)
- Alemão como terceira língua (1)
- Alfred Margul-Sperber (1)
- Allgemeiner Deutscher Sprachverein (1)
- Allomorph (1)
- Alman Dili Eğitimi (1)
- Almanca dersi (1)
- Almanca dilbilgisi (1)
- Almanca eğitimi (1)
- Almanca Öğretmeni Yetiştirme (1)
- Almanca öğrenme özerkliği (1)
- Almanca öğretmen eğitimi (1)
- Almanca öğretmenliği mezunlarına yeni iş olanakları (1)
- Almanca-Türkçe Öğretmenliği Çift Anadal Programı (1)
- Almancanın öğretim yöntemi (1)
- Almanya (1)
- Alphabetisierung (1)
- Alsace (1)
- Alternation (1)
- Alternative (1)
- Alternative für Deutschland (1)
- Alttschechisch (1)
- Alveolar (1)
- Alıştırma türleri (1)
- Amerikanisches Englisch (1)
- Ana dil eğitimi (1)
- Anadili Türkçe (1)
- Anadolu Üniversitesi (1)
- Analysis of target audience (1)
- Andrei Pleşu (1)
- Anforderung (1)
- Anführungszeichen (1)
- Anglicisms (1)
- Anglo-American proverbs (1)
- Anglo-amerikanisches Sprichwort (1)
- Ankara Yüksek Ziraat Enstitüsü (1)
- Anlam (1)
- Anlaut (1)
- Anrede (1)
- Anthroponyme (1)
- Anthroponymy (1)
- Anzeige (1)
- Análise contrastiva (1)
- Análise de livro didático (1)
- Análise do discurso com foco na sociologia do conhecimento (1)
- Aphorismus (1)
- Apokalypse (1)
- Apostroph (1)
- App Duolingo (1)
- App Duolingo as a complement for German classroom activities (1)
- App Duolingo como recurso complementar ao ensino presencial (1)
- Apps (1)
- Aprendizagem com internet (1)
- Aprendizagem de alemão com Duolingo (1)
- Aprendizagem de língua alemã (1)
- Aquisição da Sílaba (1)
- Arbeiterklasse (1)
- Arbeitsbuch (1)
- Arbeitskreis Linguistische Pragmatik (1)
- Arbeitsstrategien (1)
- Arbeitstagung (1)
- Archaismus (1)
- Architecture (1)
- Architektur (1)
- Architekturen (1)
- Archivbestand (1)
- Argentinien (1)
- Argument structure construction (1)
- Argumentation Structures (1)
- Argumentationstheorie (1)
- Argumentative development of topics (1)
- Arnold Roth (1)
- Artikel (1)
- Arzneibuch (1)
- Arzneipackungsbeilage (1)
- Arzt (1)
- Aspects of use (1)
- Aspekt (1)
- Assessment and evaluation (1)
- Assessment tool (1)
- Assimilation (1)
- Asymmetrie (1)
- Asymmetry (1)
- Atividades de tradução (1)
- Attitude (1)
- Attribut (1)
- Attribution (1)
- Attributives Adjektiv (1)
- Attributives Partizip (1)
- Audio-visual teaching material (1)
- Audiovisuelle Medien (1)
- Audiovisuelles Unterrichtsmittel (1)
- Aufführung (1)
- Aufgabenorientierung (1)
- Aufklärung (German Enlightment) (1)
- Aufklärungsgespräch (1)
- Ausdruck (1)
- Ausgangssprache (1)
- Ausgrenzung (1)
- Auslaut (1)
- Ausländerfeindlichkeit (1)
- Ausrufesatz (1)
- Austin, John L. / How to do things with words (1)
- Austria (1)
- Auswahl (1)
- Autenticidade (1)
- Autenticidade de textos didáticos (1)
- Authenticity (1)
- Authenticity in the context of textbooks (1)
- Author phraseologism (1)
- Autobiografie (1)
- Autobiographical storytelling (1)
- Automatische Sprachgenerierung (1)
- Autonomous learning (1)
- Autor (1)
- Autor als Beobachter (1)
- Außenwirtschaft (1)
- Avant la lettre (1)
- Avantgardeliteratur (1)
- Avrupa Konseyi Ortak Dil Kriteri (1)
- Bachelorarbeit (1)
- Bachelor’s programmes (1)
- Bachtin, Michail M. (1)
- Balthasar Waitz (1)
- Balzacian novel (1)
- Banská Bystrica (1)
- Bartsch, Karl (1)
- Base de Dados (1)
- Bavarian-Austrian (1)
- Başarı (1)
- Bearbeitung (1)
- Beden dili (1)
- Bedeutungswandel (1)
- Bedürfnis (1)
- Beileidstelegramme (1)
- Belebtheit <Grammatik> (1)
- Belirsizlik (1)
- Benutzererlebnis (1)
- Benutzung (1)
- Beobachter (1)
- Beratung (1)
- Bericht (1)
- Berichterstattung (1)
- Berlin (1)
- Berlin <2007> (1)
- Beruf (1)
- Berufsbezeichnung (1)
- Berufsbildung (1)
- Berufserwartung (1)
- Beschreibung (1)
- Best Ager (1)
- Beurteilung (1)
- Bewerbungsschreiben (1)
- Bewertung (1)
- Bibel (1)
- Bible translation (1)
- Bibliographie der deutschen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft : BDSL-Online (1)
- Bibliothek (1)
- Bibliotheksmaterial (1)
- Bild (1)
- Bild (Zeitung) (1)
- Bildersprache (1)
- Bildkompetenz (1)
- Bildschema (1)
- Bildungsberatung (1)
- Bildungsreform (1)
- Bildungswesen (1)
- Bilgi (1)
- Bilingual education (1)
- Bilingual environments (1)
- Bilingualer Sachfachunterricht (1)
- Bilinguismo (1)
- Bilinguismo Hunsrückisch-português (1)
- Binary preposition (1)
- Bindungstheorie <Linguistik> (1)
- Biodiversität (1)
- Biographical knowledge (1)
- Biologie (1)
- Biology (1)
- Biçimsel diller (1)
- Blended learning courses (1)
- Blumenau (Santa Catarina) (1)
- Blumenberg, Hans (1)
- Blumenname (1)
- Bologna process (1)
- Bologna-Prozess (1)
- Boratav, Pertev Nailî (1)
- Borrowing (1)
- Bourdieu, Pierre (1)
- Brasil (1)
- Brasilian universities (1)
- Brasilianische Hochschulen (1)
- Bremer Sprachblog (1)
- Bridge language (1)
- Bucharest (1)
- Buchhandel (1)
- Buchproduktion (1)
- Bukovina (1)
- Bukowinaer Post (1)
- Bulanık küme kuramı (1)
- Bundestagswahl (1)
- Business German (1)
- Business Terms (1)
- Böhmisch (1)
- C. F. W. Rudow (1)
- CLIL (1)
- Calque (1)
- Canguilhem, Georges (1)
- Carmen Sylva (1)
- Cartography (1)
- Case study (1)
- Casus obliquus (1)
- Center for self-access (1)
- Central German Dialects (1)
- Central and Eastern Europe (1)
- Centro de autoacesso (1)
- Chair of German Studies in Hermannstadt (Sibiu) (1)
- Channels of nonverbal communication (1)
- Characterisation of learners (1)
- Characteristics (1)
- Charaktermaske (1)
- Chatbot (1)
- Chatraum (1)
- Chemistry (1)
- Child-friendly materials (1)
- Children (1)
- Chirurgie (1)
- Christentum (1)
- Christian Haller (1)
- Christian W. Schenk (1)
- Christoph Peters (1)
- Closing (1)
- Cluster-Analyse (1)
- Co-occurrence analysis (1)
- Code-switching (1)
- Cognitive linguistics (1)
- Cognitive metaphor theory (1)
- Collocational didactics (1)
- Collocations (1)
- Colonial Idiom (1)
- Comic (1)
- Coming-out (1)
- Communication (1)
- Communication strategies (1)
- Communicative approach (1)
- Communicative competence (1)
- Communicative skills (1)
- Comparative linguistics (1)
- Comparison (1)
- Competence (1)
- Competência de leitura (1)
- Competência tradutória (1)
- Complementary language classes (1)
- Complementation (1)
- Composition (1)
- Comprehension dimensions (1)
- Computergestützte Kommunikation (1)
- Computerlinguistik (1)
- Computerspiel (1)
- Computerunterstützter Unterricht (1)
- Computerunterstütztes Lernen (1)
- Conceitos (1)
- Conceptions of teaching foreign languages (1)
- Concepts (1)
- Conceptual metaphor theory (1)
- Conradus, Eichstetensis (1)
- Constructivism (1)
- Construções com verbo suporte (1)
- Construções com verbo-suporte (1)
- Construções de estrutura argumental (1)
- Contatos linguísticos (1)
- Content and language integrated learning (1)
- Contrastive study (1)
- Conversation (1)
- Converse pairs of idioms (1)
- Coronavirus pandemic (1)
- Corpora (1)
- Corpus (1)
- Corpus Linguistics (1)
- Corpus linguistics (1)
- Corpus-empirical analysis (1)
- Correction work (1)
- Course book analysis (1)
- Courtesy (1)
- Covo Torres, Javier (1)
- Cracow (1)
- Creative writing (1)
- Crenças discentes (1)
- Criatividade local (1)
- Croatia (1)
- Cultural History (1)
- Cultural Specifics (1)
- Cultural competence (1)
- Cultural didactics (1)
- Cultural history (1)
- Cultural learning (1)
- Cultural studies (1)
- Curriculumreform (1)
- Curso de pós-graduação em língua e literatura alemã (1)
- Czech (1)
- Czech Republic (1)
- Czech national extremism (1)
- Czech society between 1870 and 1945 (1)
- Czech-German comparison (1)
- Czechoslovakia (1)
- Czernowitz Language Conference (1)
- Czernowitzer Tagblatt (1)
- Câmpulung Muscel/Langenau (1)
- DACH concept (1)
- DGBLL (1)
- DaF (1)
- DaF kompakt neu (1)
- DaF-Didaktik (1)
- DaF-Lehramtskanditat*innen (1)
- Daily Press (1)
- Daniel Friedrich Rhein (1)
- Danube Swabian Cultural Foundation of the Baden-Württemberg State (1)
- Danube-Swabian dialects (1)
- Das Fliegende Klassenzimmer (1)
- Data Mining (1)
- Dativalternanz (1)
- Dative (1)
- Dativus ethicus (1)
- Dativwechsel (1)
- Dağıtım (1)
- Deagentiv (1)
- Deagentive (1)
- Define (1)
- Definitheit (1)
- Deletion (1)
- Dementia (1)
- Demenz (1)
- Denominativ (1)
- Dependenz (1)
- Dependenzgrammatik kontrastiv (1)
- Deportation (1)
- Der Dritte Weg (Körperschaft) (1)
- Der Schatz im Silbersee (1)
- Derivation (1)
- Determinativkompositum (1)
- Deutsch ; Wörterbuch (1)
- Deutsch als Nicht-L1 (1)
- Deutsch als Zweitsprache im Beruf (1)
- Deutsche (1)
- Deutsche <Motiv> (1)
- Deutsche Gebärdensprache (1)
- Deutsche Grammatik (1)
- Deutsche Ostgebiete (1)
- Deutsche Rechtsalterthümer (1)
- Deutsche Universität Prag (1)
- Deutscher Einwanderer (1)
- Deutscher Familiennamenatlas(DFA) (1)
- Deutsches Referenzkorpus (1)
- Deutsches Sprachgebiet (1)
- Deutschkongress (1)
- Deutschland 83 (1)
- Deutschland <DDR> / Ministerium für Staatssicherheit (1)
- Deutschland <DDR> / Revolution <1989> (1)
- Deutschlandbild (1)
- Deutschlernerblog.de (1)
- Deutschunterricht / Schulbuch (1)
- Development of academic text competence (1)
- Deverbales Derivat (1)
- Diachronic research (1)
- Diachrony (1)
- Dialect (1)
- Dialektik (1)
- Diathesis (1)
- Dibaba, Yared (1)
- Diccionario de aprendices (1)
- Didactic methods (1)
- Didactics of translation (1)
- Didaktische Einheit (1)
- Didaktisches Experiment (1)
- Didática cultural (1)
- Didática da tradução (1)
- Die Familie Schroffenstein (1)
- Die Zeit (Zeitung, Hamburg) (1946-) (1)
- Digital competence (1)
- Digital dictionary (1)
- Digital learning (1)
- Digital transformation (1)
- Digitale Kompetenz (1)
- Digitale Revolution (1)
- Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache (1)
- Digitalization (1)
- Digitalização (1)
- Diglossie (1)
- Dil (1)
- Dil Öğrenme Stratejileri (1)
- Dil öğrenme özerkliği (1)
- Dil öğretme (1)
- Diminutiv (1)
- Diminutive (1)
- Discourse Analysis (1)
- Discourse linguistics (1)
- Discourse traditions (1)
- Disiplinlerarasılık (1)
- Diskurstraditon (1)
- Diskussionsbeitrag (1)
- Dissens (1)
- Distance education (1)
- Distinktives Merkmal (1)
- Distribution (1)
- Distribution <Linguistik> (1)
- Ditransitive verbs (1)
- Ditransitives Verb (1)
- Diversity (1)
- Diversität (1)
- Doctor evaluation websites (1)
- Doctor's image (1)
- Doktor (1)
- Double Major Programs (1)
- Drama (1)
- Dublette <Linguistik> (1)
- Durum çalışması (1)
- Désinvolture (1)
- Dürrenmatt, Friedrich (1)
- Dürrenmatt, Friedrich : Der Richter und sein Henker (1)
- Dürrenmatt, Friedrich : Der Verdacht (1)
- E-Tandem (1)
- Early Start (1)
- Edat (1)
- Education and teaching (1)
- Eifersucht <Motiv> (1)
- Einfall (1)
- Einfühlung (1)
- Einleitung (1)
- Einsatz von Filmen im DaF-Unterricht (1)
- Einstein, Albert (1)
- Election Campaign (1)
- Elective foreign language (1)
- Elektromagnetische Artikulographie (1)
- Elektronisches Wörterbuch (1)
- Elend (1)
- Elimination (1)
- Elimination of prejudices (1)
- Ellipse <Linguistik> (1)
- Ellipsis (1)
- Elternarbeit (1)
- Emeritierung (1)
- Emma <Zeitschrift, Köln> (1)
- Emotion (1)
- Emotional linguistic resources (1)
- Emotional potential (1)
- Emotionality (1)
- Emotionalization of text (1)
- Emotions (1)
- Empathie (1)
- Emphatischer Akzent (1)
- Engel, Ulrich (1)
- English dominance (1)
- Ensino (1)
- Ensino bilíngue (1)
- Ensino com mídias digitais (1)
- Ensino de alemão como língua estrangeira (1)
- Ensino de língua alemã (1)
- Ensino de línguas estrangeiras (1)
- Ensino híbrido (1)
- Ensino universitário de ALE (1)
- Ensino-aprendizagem híbrido (1)
- Entwicklung (1)
- Epistemisch-heuristisches Schreiben (1)
- Equivalence in translation (1)
- Ereignissemantik (1)
- Erfolg (1)
- Erfurt (1)
- Erfurt history bible (1)
- Erfurter Historienbibel (1)
- Ergebnisqualität (1)
- Ergänzung <Linguistik> (1)
- Erkenntnistheorie (1)
- Erwartung (1)
- Erwerb der Satzstruktur (1)
- Erzähltechnik (1)
- Esoterik (1)
- Estado Novo (1)
- Estratégias de aprendizagem (1)
- Estratégias de comunicação (1)
- Estudo piloto (1)
- Estudos de crenças (1)
- Ethnische Identität (1)
- Ethnolekt (1)
- Ethnolinguistik (1)
- Etikett <Linguistik> (1)
- Etymology (1)
- Europa (1)
- European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (1)
- European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (1)
- European Portuguese (1)
- Europäische Union (1)
- Europäisches Sprachenportfolio (1)
- Europäismus <Linguistik> (1)
- Eurysemy (1)
- Evaluating Words (1)
- Evangelical Church A. C. in Romania (1)
- Event nominalization (1)
- Exclusion (1)
- Exemplarmodelle (1)
- Exercise types (1)
- Exil (1)
- Exoterik (1)
- Exotik (1)
- Experimentauswertung (1)
- Experimentelle Literatur (1)
- Expert language (1)
- Explain (1)
- Expletiv (1)
- Explication (1)
- Explicit and implicit conveyance of emotions in language (1)
- Explorative Datenanalyse (1)
- Expressionism (1)
- Expressionismus (1)
- Expressions (1)
- External and internal variability (1)
- Eylem (1)
- Eğitsel Oyun (1)
- FUL-Modell (1)
- Facebook (1)
- Fachbuch (1)
- Fachverband Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Jahrestagung (46. : 2019 : Chemnitz) (1)
- Fairy tail characters (1)
- Familiennamenatlas (1)
- Farbadjektiv (1)
- Faux amis (1)
- Fehlerarbeit (1)
- Fehlerkorrektur (1)
- Feld <Linguistik> (1)
- Female folk healers (1)
- Fernsehen (1)
- Fernsehserie (1)
- Feste Nomen-Verb-Verbindungen (1)
- Figures of speech (1)
- Fillmore, Charles J. (1)
- Film Education (1)
- Filmdidaktik (1)
- Filmerziehung (1)
- Finite Verbform (1)
- Finnland (1)
- First language education (1)
- First name (1)
- Flexion / Morphologie <Linguistik> (1)
- Flipgrid (1)
- Flower names (1)
- Flüchtling (1)
- Fokus <Linguistik> (1)
- Folkish German nationalist literature (1)
- Foreign Language Acquisition (1)
- Foreign Language Education (1)
- Foreign Language Skills (1)
- Foreign cultural and educational policy (1)
- Foreign language acquisition (1)
- Foreign word (1)
- Formal languages (1)
- Formale Sprache (1)
- Formas híbridas de aprendizagem (1)
- Formação inicial (1)
- Formel (1)
- Forschungsmethode (1)
- Forschungswerkzeuge (1)
- Foucault, Michel (1)
- Frage (1)
- Fragment (1)
- Frame-Semantik (1)
- Französisch (1)
- Französische Schweiz (1)
- Frauensprache (1)
- Fremdbild (1)
- Fremdenfeindlichkeit (1)
- Fremdprache (1)
- Fremdsprachenerwerb (1)
- Fremdsprachenkenntnis (1)
- Fremdsprachenlektüre (1)
- Fremsprache (1)
- Frequency of occurrence (1)
- Frequência de ocorrência (1)
- Freud, Sigmund (1)
- Freude <Motiv> (1)
- Frida Binder-Radler (1)
- Friedliche Revolution in der DDR (1)
- Frühbeginn (1)
- Functions of vulgarisms (1)
- Fundbericht (1)
- Funktionale Kategorie (1)
- Fuzzy set theory (1)
- Fuzzy-Logik (1)
- Färöisch (1)
- Förderung der akademischen Textkompetenz (1)
- GER-Deskriptoren (1)
- GFL textbooks (1)
- Ganzheitsbezogenheit (1)
- Gedenkrede (1)
- Gedächtnis (1)
- Gedächtnistraining (1)
- Gegründete Versuche und Erfahrungen von der zur unsern Zeit höhstnöthigen Holzsaat (1)
- Geistesgeschichte 1770-2000 (1)
- Gemeinde (1)
- Gemeinsamer Europäischer Referenzrahmen (GER) (1)
- Gemeinsamer europäischer Referenzrahmen für Sprachen (1)
- Gender stereotype (1)
- General German Language Society (1)
- Generative Grammatik (1)
- Genitive (1)
- Genuszuweisung (1)
- Georg Aescht (1)
- Georg Heym (1)
- Georgisch (1)
- Gerechtigkeit (1)
- Gerhard (1)
- Gerichtsordnung (1)
- German Culture (1)
- German Grammar (1)
- German Language (1)
- German Language and Literature (1)
- German Language and Literature Studies (1)
- German Studies (1)
- German Variant Dictionary (1)
- German after English (1)
- German and Polish song lyrics (1)
- German and Romanian surnames in Transylvania (1)
- German as Foreign Language (1)
- German as a Foreign Language (1)
- German as a foreign language (DaF) (1)
- German as a foreign language after English (1)
- German as a foreign language in Brasil (1)
- German as a foreign language in the university (1)
- German as a foreignlanguag (1)
- German as a minority language (1)
- German as a second language (1)
- German as a second language (DaZ) (1)
- German as non-L1 (1)
- German as the language of education (1)
- German as the language of instruction (1)
- German as third language (1)
- German classes (1)
- German course books (1)
- German culture (1)
- German education (1)
- German educational institutions in Romania (1)
- German grammar (1)
- German in Slovakia (1)
- German in science (1)
- German language Spoken German (1)
- German language and culture support (1)
- German language and education (1)
- German language documents (1)
- German language for specific purposes (1)
- German language in the Danube Region (1)
- German language learnign (1)
- German language literature in Romania (1)
- German language teacher education (1)
- German language teacher training (1)
- German language teachers (1)
- German language teaching (1)
- German legal terminology (1)
- German lessons (1)
- German literature (1)
- German literature from Romania (1)
- German literature in Hungary after 1945 (1)
- German literature written in Romania (1)
- German modal particles (1)
- German particles and their French equivalents (1)
- German school in Romania (1)
- German schools (1)
- German spoken language (1)
- German studies (1)
- German summer crash course (1)
- German teacher education (1)
- German teacher training (1)
- German teacher training in Hungary (1)
- German teacher training in Serbia (1)
- German teacher training program (1)
- German teaching (1)
- German technical language (1)
- German translators (1)
- German verb forms gendern/gendering (1)
- German-Czech translation (1)
- German-Romanian bilinguism (1)
- German-Romanian language interferences (1)
- German-Russian-Spanish contrastive analysis (1)
- German-Slovene language contact, (1)
- Germanic languages (1)
- Germanisation (1)
- Germanische Sprachen (1)
- Germanisitk (1)
- Germanism (1)
- Germanistikstudent (1)
- Germanistisches Komplexpraktikum (1)
- Germans in the Banat (1)
- Germany as a location for business and science (1)
- Geschichte 1200-1799 (1)
- Geschichte 1400-1500 (1)
- Geschichte 1400-1600 (1)
- Geschichte 1500-1700 (1)
- Geschichte 1500-1799 (1)
- Geschichte 1600-1800 (1)
- Geschichte 1773-2018 (1)
- Geschichte 1800-2000 (1)
- Geschichte 1870-1945 (1)
- Geschichte 1966-2001 (1)
- Geschichte 1970- (1)
- Geschichte 1989-1999 (1)
- Geschichte 2009- (1)
- Geschichte <1849-1939> (1)
- Geschichtsbewusstsein (1)
- Geschichtsschreibung (1)
- Geschichtsstudium (1)
- Geschlecht (1)
- Geschlechterforschung (1)
- Geschlechtergerechte Sprache (1)
- Geschlechterstereotyp (1)
- Geschlechtsspezifische Kommunikation (1)
- Geschmack (1)
- Geschmack <Ästhetik> (1)
- Gesellschaftliche Entwicklung (1)
- Gespräch (1)
- Gesprächsanalyse (1)
- Gestalttheorie (1)
- Geste (1)
- Gewaltprävention (1)
- Geçerlik (1)
- Ghetto Slang (1)
- Gliederungssignal (1)
- Glossar (1)
- Goethe Zertifikat (1)
- Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von (1)
- Goldstein, Kurt (1)
- Governmental declarations (1)
- Graded readers (1)
- Gradpartikel (1)
- Grammar didactics (1)
- Grammatical doubts (1)
- Grammatical gaps (1)
- Grammatikalität (1)
- Grammatische Kompetenz (1)
- Gramática de construções (1)
- Grass, Günter (1)
- Graubünden (1)
- Greiffenberg (Schlesien) (1)
- Greis (1)
- Grenzüberschreitung (1)
- Grimm Jacob: Von der Poesie im Recht (1)
- Grimmelshausen (1)
- Großmacht (1)
- Grumbach, Argula von (1)
- Grundwortschatz (1)
- Gynäkologie (1)
- Gêneros textuais (1)
- Gündisch, Karin: Geschichten über Astrid (1)
- Güvenirlik (1)
- Haas, Wolf (1)
- Haber Metni (1)
- Habilidades comunicativas (1)
- Habitus (1)
- Habsburg (1)
- Habsburg Bukovina (1)
- Halbvokal (1)
- Hand <Motiv> (1)
- Hattie, John (1)
- Hattie-Studie (1)
- Hazırlık eğitimi (1)
- Head-driven phrase structure grammar (1)
- Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1)
- Hegemonie (1)
- Heilerin (1)
- Heilkunde (1)
- Heimat (1)
- Heimatkunst (1)
- Hein, Christoph (1)
- Heine, Heinrich (1)
- Heinrich <der Klausner> (1)
- Hermannstadt (1)
- Hermeneutics (1)
- Hermine Pilder-Klein (1)
- Herzl, Theodor (1)
- Heterogenität (1)
- Heym, Georg (1)
- Highlighting and Hiding-Effekt (1)
- Hildebrandslied (1)
- Historienbibel (1)
- Historische Semantik (1)
- Historische Syntax (1)
- Hochschuldidaktik (1)
- Hochschulreform (1)
- Homosexualität (1)
- Horst Schuller (1)
- Hradec Králové (1)
- Humanismus (1)
- Humoral theory (1)
- Humoralpathologie (1)
- Hunsrückisch Portuguese bilingualism (1)
- Hölderlin, Friedrich (1)
- Hören (1)
- Hörfunksendung (1)
- IZ network (Netzwerk Internationales Zentrum) (1)
- Ideal Self (1)
- Identität (1)
- Identität <Motiv> (1)
- Imagologie (1)
- Imigrantes (1)
- Imigração (1)
- Immatrikulationsregister (1)
- Immigrants (1)
- Immigration (1)
- Immunisierung (1)
- Imperfektiv (1)
- Implication (1)
- Implikatur (1)
- Indefinitpronomen (1)
- Industrialisierung (1)
- Industrielle Revolution (1)
- Infinitiv (1)
- Influence of German (1)
- Influência interlingual (1)
- Informationsgehalt (1)
- Informed laypeople (1)
- Inhaltsverzeichnis (1)
- Initiative of the Danube Region (1)
- Innovation (1)
- Innovative state education program (1)
- Institute partnership Hermannstadt-Marburg (1)
- Integration (1)
- Inteligibilidade (1)
- Intellectual history (1)
- Intellektueller (1)
- Intensity (1)
- Intensiv (1)
- Intensive (1)
- Intensive particle (1)
- Intensivpartikel (1)
- Interaction (1)
- Interaktiver Prototyp (1)
- Intercompreensão (1)
- Intercultural communication (1)
- Intercultural approach (1)
- Intercultural business communication (1)
- Intercultural comparison (1)
- Intercultural literature (1)
- Interdisciplinary (1)
- Interdisziplinarität (1)
- Interfaces virtuais (1)
- Interference (1)
- Interimsprache (1)
- Interkomprehension (1)
- Interkulturalität <Motiv> (1)
- Interkulturelle Literaturwissenschaft (1)
- Interkultureller Dialog (1)
- Interlanguage (1)
- Interlingual influence (1)
- Interlíngua (1)
- Internationale Kommunikation (1)
- Internationale Tagung zur Phraseologie und Parömiologie (2. : 2019 : Breslau) (1)
- Internationaler Kongress der Germanisten Rumäniens (11. : 2018 : Braşov) (1)
- Internationalisierung (1)
- Internationalism (1)
- Internationalization (1)
- Internet commentary (1)
- Internet communication (1)
- Internet forums (1)
- Internet language (1)
- Internet slang (1)
- Internet-Kommentar (1)
- Interoperabilität (1)
- Interphänomenalität (1)
- Interpretation (1)
- Interrogativsatz (1)
- Isotopie <Semantik> (1)
- Italien (1)
- Jahrestagung der Franz-Werfel-StipendiatInnen (1)
- Jargon (1)
- Jelinek, Elfriede (1)
- Jewish emigration from Middle/Middle East Europe (1)
- Jiddisch ; Wörterbuch ; Deutsch (1)
- Jiddistik (1)
- Joachim Wittstock (1)
- Johannes Honterus (1)
- Johnson, Mark (1)
- Journalismus (1)
- Jubiläum (1)
- Juden (1)
- Judenvernichtung (1)
- Judikat (1)
- Jugend (1)
- Junktur (1)
- Juristische Fachsprache (1)
- Jussiv (1)
- Justice (1)
- Józef Wittlin (1)
- Jünger, Ernst (1)
- Kafka, Franz (1)
- Kanonbildung (1)
- Kant, Immanuel (1)
- Kanzleisprache (1)
- Kanäle der nonverbalen Kommunikation (1)
- Kasusgrammatik (1)
- Kategorialgrammatik (1)
- Kausativ (1)
- Kehlmann, Daniel / Die Vermessung der Welt (1)
- Kelimeler (1)
- Kettenbach, Heinrich von (1)
- Kiezdeutsch (1)
- Kind (1)
- Kinderfernsehen (1)
- Kindergarten (1)
- Kindersachbuch (1)
- Kinderzeitschrift (1)
- Kitsch (1)
- Kleist, Heinrich von (1)
- Klüger, Ruth (1)
- Know-how-Transfer (1)
- Knowledge (1)
- Knowledge transfer (1)
- Kochen (1)
- Kognitive Semantik (1)
- Kollektives Gedächtnis (1)
- Kollektivum (1)
- Kollokationsdidaktik (1)
- Kollokationsforschung (1)
- Kolonialismus (1)
- Komitativ (1)
- Kommunales Namensregister (1)
- Kommunikationsforschung (1)
- Kommunikationsgemeinschaft (1)
- Kommunikationsmittel (1)
- Kommunikationsmodell (1)
- Kommunikationsstrategie (1)
- Kommunismus (1)
- Komorner Germanistentag (1)
- Komparatistik (1)
- Kompetenz (1)
- Kompozisyon (1)
- Konfix (1)
- Kongruenz (1)
- Konjugation (1)
- Konjunktiv (1)
- Konjunktiv II (1)
- Konnerth (1)
- Konrad (1)
- Konsekutivsatz (1)
- Konstruktivismus <Literatur> (1)
- Konstruktivismus <Psychologie> (1)
- Konstruktivistische Verfahren (1)
- Kontaktanzeige (1)
- Kontamination <Wortbildung> (1)
- Kontingenz (1)
- Kontrastanalyse (1)
- Kontrastive Analyse (1)
- Kontrastive Grammatik (1)
- Kontrastive Lexikologie (1)
- Kontrastive Morphologie (1)
- Kontrastive Semantik (1)
- Kontrolle <Linguistik> (1)
- Konversation (1)
- Konversion <Linguistik> (1)
- Konzeption (1)
- Konzeptionen für den Fremdsprachenunterricht (1)
- Kookkurrenzanalyse (1)
- Kookurrenzanalyse (1)
- Kooperatives Lernen (1)
- Koordination <Linguistik> (1)
- Koreanisch (1)
- Korpus (1)
- Korpusstudie (1)
- Kosmetische Chirurgie (1)
- Kosovo (1)
- Kriminalliteratur (1)
- Kritik (1)
- Kritik der Beschreibungsliteratur (1)
- Krnov (1)
- Kronstädter Beiträge zur Germanistischen Forschung (1)
- Kuffner, Hanuš (1)
- Kuhländchen (1)
- Kulturelle Identität (1)
- Kulturgeschichte (1)
- Kulturkompetenz (1)
- Kulturpädagogik (1)
- Kulturwissenschaft (1)
- Kunst (1)
- Kunstgeschichte (1)
- Kunstkritik (1)
- Kunz (1)
- Kurs (1)
- Köken bilgisi (1)
- Köprü dil (1)
- Körpersprache (1)
- Küreselleştirme (1)
- L' archéologie du savoir (1)
- L2 motivational self-system (1)
- LFG (1)
- Lager (1)
- Laie (1)
- Lakoff, George (1)
- Landtagswahl (1)
- Landwirtschaft (1)
- Language acquisition (1)
- Language acquisition process (1)
- Language contact (1)
- Language contacts (1)
- Language decay (1)
- Language disorders (1)
- Language enrichment (1)
- Language for Specific Purposes (1)
- Language history (1)
- Language learning autonomy (1)
- Language learning strategies (1)
- Language of wine (1)
- Language of wine connoisseurs (1)
- Language skills (1)
- Language teacher education (1)
- Language typology (1)
- Languages for specific purpose (1)
- Lantern Festival (1)
- Laryngal (1)
- Late Middle Ages (1)
- Lateinisches Sprichwort (1)
- Latin language (1)
- Latin proverb (1)
- Laudatio (1)
- Lautmalerei (1)
- Lautschrift (1)
- Learner autonomy (1)
- Learner autonomy in foreign language learning (1)
- Learner autonomy in learning German (1)
- Learner's dictionary (1)
- Learning German (1)
- Learning German with App Duolingo (1)
- Learning needs (1)
- Learning pathways of the child (1)
- Learning with internet (1)
- Lebenslanges Lernen (1)
- Lebensmittel (1)
- Lecture (1)
- Legal concepts (1)
- Legal document (1)
- Legal language (1)
- Legal vocabulary (1)
- Legasthenie (1)
- Lehramtsanwärter (1)
- Lehramtsstudent (1)
- Lehramtsstudium (1)
- Lehre (1)
- Lehren (1)
- Lehrerautonomie (1)
- Lehrerin (1)
- Lehrplan (1)
- Lehrspiel (1)
- Lehrstrategie (1)
- Lehrwerkauswahl (1)
- Lehrwerkentwicklung (1)
- Leichte und Schwere Literatur (Veranstaltung : 2019 : Wien) (1)
- Leistung (1)
- Leistungsgesellschaft (1)
- Leitura facilitada (1)
- Lemma (1)
- Lemmatisierung (1)
- Lenhardt, Wenzel Elias (1)
- Leonore (1)
- Leopardi, Giacomo (1)
- Lernen sichtbar machen (1)
- Lerner-Bedürfnis (1)
- Lernercharakterisierung (1)
- Lernerkorpus (1)
- Lernerlexikographie (1)
- Lernsoftware (1)
- Lerntechniken (1)
- Lesbierin (1)
- Leseförderung (1)
- Letramento escolar (1)
- Letztstellung (1)
- Levels of language (1)
- Lexeme Migration (1)
- Lexeme migration (1)
- Lexical borrowing (1)
- Lexical meaning (1)
- Lexicografía (1)
- Lexicology (1)
- Lexikography (1)
- Lexikon (1)
- Liana Corciu (1)
- Liebeskummer <Motiv> (1)
- Light verb constructions (1)
- Light-verb constructions (1)
- Linguistic change (1)
- Linguistic contacts (1)
- Linguistic creativity (1)
- Linguistic mediation (1)
- Linguistic purism (1)
- Linguistic-theoretical status (1)
- Linguistics for business (L4B) (1)
- Linguizism (1)
- Linguizismuskritik (1)
- Linguística Contrastiva (1)
- Linguística cognitiva (1)
- Linguística de corpus (1)
- Literacy (1)
- Literal interpretation (1)
- Literarische Onomastik (1)
- Literarische Übersetzung (1)
- Literarisches Werk (1)
- Literary text (1)
- Literaturkanon (1)
- Literaturkritik (1)
- Literaturproduktion (1)
- Literaturrecherche (1)
- Literatursoziologie (1)
- Little Carpathians (1)
- Liturgik (1)
- Livro didático (1)
- Livros didáticos (1)
- Local German course books (1)
- Local creativity (1)
- Localization (1)
- Logistik (1)
- Lokalreferenz (1)
- Lokutiver Akt (1)
- Los mayas en las rocas (1)
- Lower Silesia (1)
- Lucian Blaga (1)
- Ludwig, Klaus-Dieter (1)
- Luftmensch (1)
- Lyrik (1)
- Lönnrot, Elias (1)
- Lübisches Recht (1)
- Magdeburger Stadtrecht (1)
- Main Stress (1)
- Makrostruktur (1)
- Management (1)
- Manipulation (1)
- Maria Dima (1)
- Marienlegende (1)
- Masařík, Zdeněk (1)
- Master’s degree programmes in Sibiu (1)
- Matematiksel dilbilim (1)
- Mathematical linguistics (1)
- Mathematische Linguistik (1)
- Matrikel (1)
- May, Karl (1)
- Meaning- and feeling-related utterances (1)
- Meanings: ,making troubles, difficulties‘ (1)
- Means of Argumentation (1)
- Media language (1)
- Medial Discourse (1)
- Mediation (1)
- Mediation of knowledge (1)
- Mediação linguística (1)
- Mediaș (1)
- Medical discourse (1)
- Medical manuscript (1)
- Medicine (1)
- Mediendidaktik (1)
- Mediendiskurs (1)
- Medienwissenschaft (1)
- Medieval gynecological treatises (1)
- Medieval legal terms (1)
- Medieval religious literature (1)
- Medieval specialist literature (1)
- Medium <Linguistik> (1)
- Medizingeschichte (1)
- Medizinische Fachsprache (1)
- Medizinisches Traktat (1)
- Mehrsprachigkeitsdidaktik (1)
- Mehrstufenklasse (1)
- Meinungsäußerung (1)
- Meissen law book (1)
- Melanchthon, Philipp (1)
- Meme (1)
- Memory training (1)
- Mentales Lexikon (1)
- Messie (1)
- Meta-synthesis (1)
- Metaanalyse (1)
- Metadaten (1)
- Metaphernmodell (1)
- Metapherntheorie (1)
- Metaphor (1)
- Metaphoric (1)
- Metaphorical source domain (1)
- Metaphorical target domain (1)
- Metasynthese (1)
- Methodologie (1)
- Methodologies for foreign language teaching (1)
- Metin Dilbilim (1)
- Metodologias de ensino de língua estrangeira (1)
- Metáforas (1)
- Mexiko (1)
- Migrant literature (1)
- Migrationshintergrund (1)
- Mikroblog (1)
- Mikrostruktur (1)
- Militarismus (1)
- Militarization (1)
- Minderheit Dialektologie (1)
- Minimalismus <Literatur> (1)
- Minority Languages (1)
- Misconception (1)
- Missverständnis (1)
- Mistake (1)
- Mite Kremnitz (1)
- Mittelniederländisch (1)
- Mixed Methods Research (1)
- Mnemotechnik (1)
- Mobil (1)
- Mobile learning (1)
- Mobile phone (1)
- Mobiles Endgerät (1)
- Mobiles Lernen (1)
- Modalidade em língua portuguesa (1)
- Modality in Portuguese language (1)
- Mode (1)
- Model of Toulmin (1)
- Modellvergleich (1)
- Moderation (1)
- Modern High German language (1)
- Moers, Walter (1)
- Moldavia (1)
- Moment mal! (Schulbuch) (1)
- Monika Roessing-Hager (1)
- Moravia (1)
- Morphonologie (1)
- Motivações e expectativas profissionais (1)
- Multi-ethnolect (1)
- Multifunktionalität (1)
- Mundartschriftsteller (1)
- Mundartschriftstellerin (1)
- Mundartsprecher (1)
- Municipal name register (1)
- Music (1)
- Music in the teaching of additional languages (1)
- Musik im Fremdsprachenunterricht (1)
- Musikalische Semiotik (1)
- Männlichkeit (1)
- Märchengestalt (1)
- Mídias digitais (1)
- Música no ensino de línguas adicionais (1)
- Müfredat (1)
- Mündliche Erzählung (1)
- Mündliche Prüfung (1)
- Münster (Laubach, Gießen) (1)
- Nachkriegszeit (1)
- Nachricht (1)
- Naming (1)
- Narrow Focus (1)
- Nation (1)
- Nationalities policy (1)
- Nationalsozialist (1)
- Native language Turkish (1)
- Natural order (1)
- Natürliche Morphologie (1)
- Necessidades de aprendizagem (1)
- Needs of learners (1)
- Negationspartikel (1)
- Negativer Polaritätsausdruck (1)
- Neo-Nazi (1)
- Netspeak (1)
- Netzwerk (1)
- Netzwerk B1.1 (1)
- Neue Zürcher Zeitung (1)
- Neulatein (1)
- Neurobiology (1)
- Neurodidaktik (1)
- Neutralisation <Linguistik> (1)
- New High German written language (1)
- Newspaper (1)
- Nicht-kanonisches Subjekt (1)
- Niederdeutsche Schriftsprache (1)
- Niederschlesien (Provinzialverband) (1)
- Nominaldeverbativum (1)
- Nonverbal communication (1)
- Northern Transylvanian-Saxon (1)
- Norwegisch (1)
- Noun phrases (1)
- Numerale (1)
- Numerus (1)
- Národní knihovna České republiky (1)
- Níveis do linguístico (1)
- Ober-Bessingen (1)
- Objektsatz (1)
- Obstruent (1)
- Offenbarung (1)
- Official Language (1)
- Old Czech (1)
- Olomouc (1)
- Olumluluk (1)
- Online dictionaries (1)
- Online discussion forum (1)
- Online media (1)
- Online-Recherche (1)
- Onomasiologie (1)
- Onomastik (1)
- Opening (1)
- Opole (1)
- Oral Communication (1)
- Orality (1)
- Ortsangabe / Linguistik (1)
- Ortsname (1)
- Ortsnamenkunde (1)
- Osijek (1)
- Otonom öğrenme (1)
- Overabundance (1)
- Oyunlaştırma (1)
- PCFG (1)
- Packungsbeilage (1)
- Palatalisierung (1)
- Palatine (1)
- Palatographie (1)
- Pamphlet (1)
- Paradigma (1)
- Parameters of Equivalence (1)
- Paraná (Staat) (1)
- Paraverbal communication (1)
- Paraverbale Kommunikation (1)
- Parental involvement (1)
- Parkinson (1)
- Particle (1)
- Partitiv (1)
- Partizip Perfekt (1)
- Partizipation (1)
- Partizipialform (1)
- Partnerarbeit (1)
- Partículas modais alemãs (1)
- Passive (1)
- Passive voice (1)
- Patholinguistik (1)
- Pedagogical paradigms (1)
- Pejorativ (1)
- Pekiştirme (1)
- Pekiştirme edatları (1)
- Perception (1)
- Perfekt (1)
- Perfektiv (1)
- Performative Verbs (1)
- Performatives Verb (1)
- Perlokution (1)
- Perlokutiver Akt (1)
- Personenbezeichnung (1)
- Personennamenkunde (1)
- Perspektivierung (1)
- Petan, Žarko (1)
- Pfalz (1)
- Pharmazie (1)
- Phonem (1)
- Phonetic competence (1)
- Phonetics (1)
- Phonetics of talk-in-interaction (1)
- Phonologische Opposition (1)
- Phonology (1)
- Phrasemes in texts (1)
- Phrasenstruktur (1)
- Phrasenstrukturgrammatik (1)
- Phraseolexemes (1)
- Phraseological competence (1)
- Phraseological dictionaries (1)
- Phraseological functions in literary texts (1)
- Phraseological games (1)
- Phraseological isotopy (1)
- Phraseological units (1)
- Phraseologie-Lernplattform (1)
- Phraseologische Kompetenz (1)
- Phraseologische Neologismen (1)
- Phraseologische Spiele (1)
- Phraseologisches Wörterbuch (1)
- Phraseologism (1)
- Phraseologisms (1)
- Phraseology learning platform (1)
- Physikalische Therapie (1)
- Phänomen (1)
- Pilot study (1)
- Plattdeutsch (1)
- Pleonasmus (1)
- Pluralerwerb (1)
- Pluralisierung (1)
- Pluricentrism (1)
- Pluricentrismo (1)
- Plurilingual approaches (1)
- Plurilinguale Ansätze (1)
- Plus+ Deutsch A1.1 (1)
- Plusquamperfekt (1)
- Polemik (1)
- Polish language (1)
- Politehnica University of Timișoara (1)
- Political Language (1)
- Political-medial discourse (1)
- Politische Kampagne (1)
- Politische Rede (1)
- Poly(equivalence) (1)
- Polyfunctionality (1)
- Polysem (1)
- Polysemy (1)
- Pomerode (1)
- Pommersch (1)
- Popular science literature for children (1)
- Popular science style (1)
- Portal <Internet> (1)
- Portfolio (1)
- Portugal (1)
- Posições de sujeito (1)
- Possessivität (1)
- Post (1)
- Postgraduate course in German language and literature (1)
- Postgraduiertenstudium (1)
- Postkolonialismus (1)
- Postmodernism (1)
- Potentiale von digital storytelling (1)
- Potentials of digital storytelling (1)
- Prager Deutsch (1)
- Pragmalinguistics (1)
- Pragmatic functions (1)
- Pre-service training (1)
- Predigt (1)
- Preparatory education (1)
- Preposition-noun combinations (1)
- Preposition-noun phrases (1)
- Prepositions (1)
- Press language (1)
- Pressesprache (1)
- Prešov (1)
- Priming-Experimente (1)
- Printed dictionaries (1)
- Printed dictionary (1)
- Process of Identity Construction (1)
- Processo tradutório (1)
- Professional discourse (1)
- Professional goals and motivations (1)
- Professional knowledge (1)
- Professionalität (1)
- Proletarier (1)
- Promotionsstudium (1)
- Pronunciation (1)
- Proportionalsatz (1)
- Prosodic Phrasing (1)
- Prosodic features (1)
- Prototyp (1)
- Prototypentheorie (1)
- Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph (1)
- Proverbial sayings (1)
- Proverbs and familiar quotations (1)
- Prozessorientierung (1)
- Prozessualität (1)
- Prädikat (1)
- Prädikation (1)
- Prädikativsatz (1)
- Präfixverb (1)
- Präpositionalphrase (1)
- Psycholinguistik (1)
- Publications (1)
- Publikum (1)
- Pym, Anthony (1)
- Pädagogische Professionalität (1)
- Pädagogische Strömungen (1)
- Qualität (1)
- Qualitätsmarkierung (1)
- Qualitätsmuster (1)
- Quantitative and qualitative linguistic analys (1)
- Queer-Theorie (1)
- Racial issues (1)
- Radio interview (1)
- Rahmenlehrplan (1)
- Raising (1)
- Rassismus (1)
- Raum (1)
- Reading competence (1)
- Ready-made (1)
- Reanalyse (1)
- Reception and production of text (1)
- Recht (1)
- Rechtspopulismus (1)
- Reduction (1)
- Reduktion (1)
- Reduktion <Linguistik> (1)
- Reduktionismus (1)
- Reduplication patterns (1)
- Reduplikation (1)
- Referendarausbildung / Lehramt (1)
- Referenz <Linguistik> (1)
- Referenzrahmen für plurale Ansätze zu Sprachen und Kulturen (1)
- Reflective journals (1)
- Reflexion <Psychologie> (1)
- Reflexive Lerntagebücher (1)
- Reflexive approach (1)
- Reformationszeit (1)
- Reforms (1)
- Refuge (1)
- Refúgio (1)
- Regieanweisung (1)
- Regierungserklärung (1)
- Regimen sanitatis (1)
- Regionale DaF-Lehrwerke (1)
- Regionalsprache (1)
- Regionalzeitung (1)
- Regular polysem (1)
- Reibelaut (1)
- Reiseführer (1)
- Rekurrenz (1)
- Reliability (1)
- Reliabilität (1)
- Religion (1)
- Religiöse Sprache (1)
- Remembering and Forgetting (1)
- Representation of violence (1)
- Resilienz (1)
- Resultativ (1)
- Rezeption (1)
- Rhetorical immunization (1)
- Rhetorische Figur (1)
- Rhetorische Immunisierung (1)
- Richtungsangabe (1)
- Right-wing extremism (1)
- Ripuarisch (1)
- Rising-falling-rising pitch accent (1)
- Rock and Rap song lyrics (1)
- Rockmusik (1)
- Roman (1)
- Romanian German-language literature (1)
- Romanian University (1)
- Romanian Verbs (1)
- Romanian fiction works (1)
- Romanian legislation (1)
- Romanian poetry from the 20th century translated into German (1)
- Romanian press in Transylvania (1)
- Romanian writers and poets (1)
- Romanian-German interculturality in Transilvania (1)
- Romanianisms (1)
- Romanistik (1)
- Rule conflicts (1)
- Rumänische Volksmärchen (Romanian Folk Tales) (1)
- Russisches Kind (1)
- Sachsenspiegel (1)
- Sachtext (1)
- Sapir-Whorf-Hypothese (1)
- Satire (1)
- Satz (1)
- Satzklammer (1)
- Satzsemantik (1)
- Satztyp (1)
- Saxon-Magdeburg law (1)
- Schanfigg (1)
- Scheinentlehnung (1)
- Schema (1)
- Schiffsname (1)
- Schimpfwort (1)
- Schlager (1)
- Schlagzeile (1)
- Schlumpf (1)
- Schlüsselwort (1)
- Schmid, Hans Ulrich (1)
- Schmidt, Helmut (1)
- School Teaching (1)
- Schreib-Portfolio (1)
- Schreibdidaktik (1)
- Schreiben (1)
- Schreibenlernen (1)
- Schreibverhalten (1)
- Schriftlicher Ausdruck (1)
- Schulbibliothek (1)
- Schulbuchforschung (1)
- Schuller, Horst (1)
- Schulpraktikum (1)
- Schulreform (1)
- Schumann, Robert / Dichterliebe (1)
- Schwa (1)
- Schweigen <Motiv> (1)
- Schweiz (1)
- Scientific express (1)
- Scrambling (1)
- Second language acquisition (1)
- Securitate (1)
- Selbstbeschädigung (1)
- Selbstbild (1)
- Selbstdarstellung (1)
- Selbsthilfe (1)
- Selbstlernzentrum (1)
- Selbstreflexion (1)
- Selbstwirksamkeit (1)
- Self Concept (1)
- Self-access (1)
- Self-efficacy (1)
- Self-harm (1)
- Self-presentation (1)
- Semantic Comparison (1)
- Semantic field (1)
- Semantic vaguenes (1)
- Semantica (1)
- Semantics (1)
- Semantics of Vulgarisms (1)
- Senior (1)
- Serbian (1)
- Serious games (1)
- Sermon (1)
- Sex life (1)
- Sexismus (1)
- Sextil-Iosif Puşcariu (1)
- Sexual intercourse (1)
- Sexuality (1)
- Sexualverhalten (1)
- Seçmeli yabancı dil (1)
- Siebenbürgen (1)
- Siebenbürgisch Sächsisches Wörterbuch (Transylvanian Saxon Dictionary) (1)
- Siebenschläfer <Motiv> (1)
- Silbenstruktur (1)
- Silber, Wolfgang (1)
- Situativangabe (1)
- Situativergänzung (1)
- Skala (1)
- Skalierung (1)
- Skalierung der Fremdsprachenkenntnisse (1)
- Skandinavische Sprachen (1)
- Skopus (1)
- Slawonia (1)
- Slogan (1)
- Slovenia (1)
- Slowenisch (1)
- Social interaction (1)
- Social practice (1)
- Sociology of knowledge approach to discourse (1)
- Software (1)
- Softwarelokalisation (1)
- Sommerkurs (1)
- Sondersammelgebiet (1)
- Sondersprache (1)
- Song (1)
- Sound changes (1)
- South Eastern Europe (1)
- Sozialkundeunterricht (1)
- Sozialwissenschaften (1)
- Soziokultureller Faktor (1)
- Space (1)
- Spaltsatz (1)
- Spatial turn (1)
- Speaking anxieties (1)
- Speaking skills (1)
- Speaking strategies (1)
- Specialist area (1)
- Specialist communication (1)
- Specialized languages (1)
- Speech Acts (1)
- Speech acts (1)
- Speech profile (1)
- Speisekarte (1)
- Spielfilm (1)
- Spoken German (1)
- Spoken Language (1)
- Spoken varieties (1)
- Sprachanalyse (1)
- Sprachdidaktik (1)
- Sprachdidaktisches Experiment (1)
- Sprache / Deutschunterricht (1)
- Sprache der Politik (1)
- Sprachebene (1)
- Spracheinfluss (1)
- Sprachentwicklung (1)
- Spracherhaltung (1)
- Spracherziehung (1)
- Sprachexperiment (1)
- Sprachförderung (1)
- Sprachführer (1)
- Sprachinsel (1)
- Sprachkorpora (1)
- Sprachkritik (1)
- Sprachlehrfilm (1)
- Sprachlernspiel (1)
- Sprachliche (1)
- Sprachliche Minderheit (1)
- Sprachliches Stereotyp (1)
- Sprachlog (1)
- Sprachlogik (1)
- Sprachskepsis (1)
- Sprachstörung (1)
- Sprachsystem (1)
- Sprachtest (1)
- Sprachtheoretischer Status (1)
- Sprachverarbeitung (1)
- Sprachverarbeitung <Psycholinguistik> (1)
- Sprachverbreitung (1)
- Sprachwahrnehmung (1)
- Sprachökonomie (1)
- Sprechen (1)
- Sprechstrategien (1)
- Sprechtempo (1)
- Sprichwörter (1)
- Spätmittelalter (1)
- St. Martin (1)
- Staatsprüfung (1)
- Stadtbuch (1)
- Stadtname (1)
- Standard German (1)
- Standardizasyon (1)
- Status linguístico-teórico (1)
- Steckbrief (1)
- Stefan Kühtz (1)
- Stereotype (1)
- Stereotypie (1)
- Stilistische Variation <Linguistik> (1)
- Stimmgebung (1)
- Strategie (1)
- Straßenname (1)
- Streeruwitz, Marlene (1)
- Streikbrecher (1)
- Streitgespräch (1)
- Stress Assignment (1)
- Studie (1)
- Studienbegleitender Deutschunterricht (1)
- Studienfach (1)
- Studiengang (1)
- Studienprogramm für Deutsch-Türkischlehrerausbildung (1)
- Studies on German Language and Literature (1)
- Style (1)
- Subject positions (1)
- Subjekt <Linguistik> (1)
- Subjektpositionen (1)
- Substantivierter Infinitiv (1)
- Success (1)
- Sudetendeutsch (1)
- Suffixbildung (1)
- Summer Academy (1)
- Suolahti, Hugo (1)
- Surgery (1)
- Swedish (1)
- Switzerland (1)
- Syllable acquisition (1)
- Symbolischer Interaktionismus (1)
- Synergie (1)
- Synkretismus (1)
- Synonymie (1)
- Syntagma (1)
- Syntagmatic profiles (1)
- Syntaktische Kongruenz (1)
- Syntaxbaum (1)
- Systematic variation of idioms (1)
- São Paulo (1)
- Sözcük bilim (1)
- Sözlük (1)
- Süddeutsche Zeitung (1)
- Süddeutscher Substandard (1)
- Tagebuch (1)
- Tandem (1)
- Task-based learning (1)
- Taxonomie (1)
- Teacher education (1)
- Teacher training (1)
- Teaching (1)
- Teaching material (1)
- Teaching materials (1)
- Teaching method of German (1)
- Teaching of German language (1)
- Teaching of social science subjects (1)
- Teaching praxis (1)
- Teaching strategies (1)
- Teaching with digital media (1)
- Technical languages (1)
- Technical meanings (1)
- Technologie <Motiv> (1)
- Teleological interpretation (1)
- Teletandem (1)
- Television programme (1)
- Temporaladverb (1)
- Teoria da metáfora conceptual (1)
- Terminologie (1)
- Terminology (1)
- Territorial concept (1)
- Testimonies of men tortured on the rack (1)
- Text Type (1)
- Text comprehension (1)
- Text genre (1)
- Textbook (1)
- Textbook choice (1)
- Textkorpus (1)
- Textsorten und Strukturen (1)
- Texttechnologie (1)
- Texttheorie (1)
- Thailand (1)
- The Chair of German Philology in Sibiu (1)
- The Reformation (1)
- The Romanian Culture Institute (1)
- The context of phrasemes (1)
- The grammar of phrasemes (1)
- Theater (1)
- Thematische Relation (1)
- Theochar Alexi (1)
- Theories of distance learning (1)
- Third language teaching (1)
- Thompson, Edward P. (1)
- Timm, Uwe (1)
- Titulatur (1)
- Ton <Phonologie> (1)
- Tool for manipulation (1)
- Topik (1)
- Topological sentence model (1)
- Topologie <Syntax> (1)
- Toponym (1)
- Topos <Logik> (1)
- Toulmin-Schema (1)
- Touristenführung (1)
- Tradition (1)
- Traditional humanities (1)
- Tradições discursivas (1)
- Training for German teachers (1)
- Traktat (1)
- Transfer of knowlwdge (1)
- Transkription (1)
- Translation Studies (1)
- Translation activities (1)
- Translation history (1)
- Translation process (1)
- Translation review (1)
- Translation studies (1)
- Translational hermeneutics (1)
- Translator training (1)
- Transylvania (Siebenbürgen) (1)
- Transylvanian Saxon (1)
- Transylvanian Saxon thesaurs (1)
- Transylvanian document sources (1)
- Transylvanian history (1)
- Transylvanian onomastics (1)
- Transylvanian-Saxon language (1)
- Trauer (1)
- Triple win situation (1)
- Tschechoslowakei (1)
- Tshernovitser bleter (1)
- Tugend (1)
- Turkey (1)
- Turkish and Turkish culture lesson (1)
- Turkish fairy tales (1)
- Turkish immigrants (1)
- Turkish language and culture course (1)
- Turkish-German relations (1)
- Turnen (1)
- Türkçe Öğretmenliği (1)
- Typologie (1)
- Tüchtigkeit (1)
- Türk göçmenler (1)
- Türk-Alman ilişkileri (1)
- Türken (1)
- Türkisch als Fremdsprache (1)
- Türkisch als Zweitsprache (1)
- Türkische Märchen (1)
- Türkisches Kind (1)
- Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü dersi (1)
- Türkçe ve Türk kültürü dersi (1)
- USA (1)
- Ukrainian (1)
- Ukrainisch (1)
- Ulshöfer, Robert (1)
- Uluslararasılaştırma (1)
- Umgekehrtes Idiom-Paar (1)
- Unidade didática (1)
- Universidades (1)
- Universidades brasileiras (1)
- Universities (1)
- University Putra Malaysia (1)
- University matriculation register (1)
- University programs in German (1)
- Universitätsbibliothek (1)
- Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg (1)
- Universitätsmatrikel (1)
- Univerzita J. Selyeho (Komárno) (1)
- Univerzita Karlova (1)
- Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave. Pedagogická fakulta (1)
- Univerzita sv. Cyrila a Metoda v Trnave. Filozofická fakulta (1)
- Uniwersytet Łódzki (1)
- Unkenrufe (1)
- Unpersönliches Passiv (1)
- Unregelmäßiges Verb (1)
- Unterhaltungsmusik (1)
- Unternehmen (1)
- Unterostfränkisch (1)
- Unterrichtseinheit (1)
- Unterrichtsplanung (1)
- Unterrichtsreform (1)
- Unterrichtssituation (1)
- Unterrichtssprache (1)
- Unterscheidung (1)
- Ur (1)
- Urbar (1)
- Urkunde (1)
- Ursache (1)
- Use of films (1)
- Using Selected Stereotypes (1)
- Uzaktan eğitim kuramları (1)
- Uzaktan öğretim (1)
- Vagheit (1)
- Vagueness (1)
- Valahia/Wallachia (1)
- Valenzgrammatik (1)
- Validity (1)
- Validität (1)
- Varianzanalyse (1)
- Velar (1)
- Verb in the final clause position (1)
- Verb in the second clause position (1)
- Verbal communication (1)
- Verbalisierung (1)
- Verbalnomen (1)
- Verbalphrase (1)
- Verben (1)
- Verbvalenz (1)
- Vereinheitlichung (1)
- Vergangenheitstempus (1)
- Vergleich (1)
- Vergleichspartikel (1)
- Verkehrssprache (1)
- Verlag (1)
- Vermüllungssyndrom (1)
- Vernacular language of the Middle Age (1)
- Vernacularization (1)
- Vernetzung (1)
- Verona Bratesch (Brateş) (1)
- Verstehen (1)
- Verteilung (1)
- Vertrauen (1)
- Vertreibung (1)
- Verwaltung, Fachsprache (1)
- Verwaltungssprache (1)
- Verwandtschaftsbezeichnung (1)
- Verzeichnis deutscher Literaturbelege - Provincia literară (1)
- Video (1)
- Videoblog (1)
- Videos im DaF-Unterricht (1)
- Videos in German as a foreign language lessons (1)
- Vielheit (1)
- Violence in language (1)
- Violence prevention (1)
- Virtual interface (1)
- Visible learning (1)
- Visualisierung (1)
- Visuelle Kommunikation (1)
- Vlog (1)
- Vocabulary (1)
- Vocabulary of technical innovations (1)
- Vokabular (1)
- Volk (1)
- Vorfeld <Linguistik> (1)
- Vorfeld-filling (1)
- Vormärz (1)
- Vorname (1)
- Vortrag (1)
- Voz passiva (1)
- Vulgarism (1)
- Vulgarismus (1)
- Völkische Literatur (1)
- W-Bewegung (1)
- W. von Kotzebue (1)
- Wahlprogramm (1)
- Wahrnehmung (1)
- Wallachia (1)
- Web texts (1)
- Web-Seite (1)
- Webtexte (1)
- Weiblichkeit (1)
- Weichbild (1)
- Weihnachtsgebäck (1)
- Weil-utterances (1)
- Wein (1)
- Wein <Motiv> (1)
- Weiterbildung (1)
- Welt (1)
- Weltbild (1)
- Weltkrieg <1914-1918> (1)
- Weltkrieg <1939-1945> (1)
- Weltuntergang (1)
- Wende (1)
- Werbekampagne (1)
- Werbespot (1)
- Wettbewerb (1)
- Wiederholung (1)
- Wiener Gruppe (1)
- Wirkung (1)
- Wirtschaftsdeutsch (1)
- Wirtschaftsstudent (1)
- Wismar (1)
- Wismarer Fragment (1)
- Wissenschaft (1)
- Wissenschaftliche Datenbank (1)
- Wissenschaftliche Kooperation (1)
- Wissenschaftsethik (1)
- Wissenschaftsgeschichtsschreibung (1)
- Wissenssoziologische Diskursanalyse (1)
- Witness accounts (1)
- Wittlin, Józef (1)
- Wolf, Norbert Richard (1)
- Wolgadeutsche (1)
- Word formation (1)
- Word power (1)
- WordNet (1)
- World War I (1)
- World War II (1)
- Wort (1)
- Wortfamilie (1)
- Worthäufigkeit (1)
- Wortspiel (1)
- Writing skills (1)
- Written language (1)
- Wut <Motiv> (1)
- Würdigung der Übersetzerin Flora Fröhlich (1)
- Yabancı Dil Öğretmeni Yetiştirme Modelleri (1)
- Yabancı Dil (1)
- Yabancı Dil Eğitimi (1)
- Yabancı Dil olarak Almanca Dersi (1)
- Yabancı dil eğitimi (1)
- Yabancı dil öğreniminde yeni medya (1)
- Yabancı dil öğretimi (1)
- Yapısal ve Yönetimsel Gereklilikler (1)
- Yazma Becerisi (1)
- Yazma Süreci (1)
- Yazma becerisi (1)
- Yerelleştirme (1)
- Yeterlilik (1)
- Yiddish (1)
- Yinelemeler (1)
- YouTube (1)
- YouTube-Sprache (1)
- YouTuber (1)
- YouTuberin (1)
- Youth Language (1)
- Youtube language (1)
- Yurtdışı deneyimleri (1)
- Zeitschriftentitel (1)
- Zeitungstexte (1)
- Zertifikat Deutsch (1)
- Zeugenaussage (1)
- Ziel (1)
- Zielgruppe (1)
- Zielgruppenanalyse (1)
- Zielsprache (1)
- Zika-Virus (1)
- Zipser Germans (1)
- Znaim (1)
- Zufall (1)
- Zufall <Motiv> (1)
- Zugehörigkeit (1)
- Zuhören (1)
- Zukunft (1)
- Zur Farbenlehre (1)
- Zusammenschreibung (1)
- Zweckmäßigkeit (1)
- Zweisprachiger Unterricht (1)
- Zwillingsforschung (1)
- Zwischenmenschliche Beziehung (1)
- accessibility (1)
- acquisition hypothesis (1)
- acquisition of sentence structure (1)
- action-based teaching (1)
- adaptation strategie (1)
- adjective (1)
- administrative and judicial documents in the 17th century (1)
- adults (1)
- aesthetic verdict (1)
- aesthetics of reception (1)
- aggressive language use (1)
- an explanation of the Transylvanian toponyms (1)
- analogy (1)
- analysis of orthography and spelling (1)
- anlamca kaynaşmış birleşik fiiller (1)
- anniversary of the establishment (1)
- anthroponyms (1)
- antroponime (1)
- aphorisms (1)
- application of identity models (1)
- archaic structures and dialect (1)
- archive documents (1)
- area of circulation (1)
- around 1960 (1)
- association (1)
- autochthonous Transylvanian family names (1)
- baptismal register (1)
- baroque (1)
- biblical (1)
- bilingual toponyms (1)
- billeting (1)
- biographical stages (1)
- birds (1)
- birthday (1)
- book fair (1)
- border crossings (1)
- brain drain (1)
- bringen (1)
- case samples (1)
- center embedding (1)
- change (1)
- change of perspective (1)
- children (1)
- civil code (1)
- class enemy (1)
- cliché (1)
- clitic pronouns (1)
- cognitive metaphor (1)
- collecting/ interpreting methods (1)
- collocation (1)
- colonial dialect (1)
- combination (1)
- combination of methods (1)
- common phrases (1)
- communication situation (1)
- communicative translation (1)
- communist Romania (1)
- communist censorship (1)
- community projects (1)
- comparative paremiology and phraseology (1)
- competence in German (1)
- complement clause (1)
- complex sentence structure (1)
- composition of vocabulary (1)
- compound verbs (1)
- compounds (1)
- comprehension (1)
- conceptual accessibility (1)
- concerning (1)
- conotaţie (1)
- constructions based on Latin vocabulary (1)
- constructions of masculinity and femininity (1)
- continuity (1)
- contrastive translation analyses (1)
- contrastivity (1)
- coronavirus (1)
- country sayings (1)
- course books (1)
- creative writing (1)
- cultur (1)
- cultural activities (1)
- cultural awareness (1)
- cultural identity (1)
- cultural key texts (1)
- cultural representative of the Transylvania Forum (1)
- cultural transfer (1)
- cultural translation (1)
- culture and civilization (1)
- culture-specific elements (1)
- cultureme theory (1)
- culturemes (1)
- curricular aspects (1)
- d-pronoun (1)
- dass-Konstruktion (1)
- data types (1)
- death/dying (1)
- deleted t (1)
- demographic migration (1)
- denomination (1)
- deportation (1)
- depositions of witnesses (1)
- designation (1)
- destrangement (1)
- deutsch (1)
- deutsche Kulturzeugnisse (1)
- dialect (1)
- dialect and specialist literature (1)
- dialogue (1)
- dictatorship (1)
- dictionary deficiencies (1)
- dicţionar frazeologic (1)
- didactic activities (1)
- difficulties of translation (1)
- digital onomastic geography (1)
- dignity (1)
- diplomatic transcript (1)
- discourse analysis (1)
- dissolution of the generic masculine (1)
- documents (1)
- domains of agriculture (1)
- double diaspora (1)
- drittes Lebensalter (1)
- early second language acquisition (1)
- education (1)
- education reforms (1)
- educational institutions (1)
- emigration (1)
- empirical methods and processes of collection/interpretation (1)
- empirical studies (1)
- equality between men and woman (1)
- ethic versus ethnocentric (1)
- ethnic and political groups (1)
- ethnocentric vs. ethical translation theory (1)
- ethnonyms (1)
- etymology (1)
- examination of professional languages (1)
- exicographical practice (1)
- exonyms (1)
- experiential learning (1)
- explanatory translation (1)
- expressions (1)
- false friends (1)
- family (1)
- family name (1)
- fashionable word (1)
- feigned orality (1)
- feminist language criticism (1)
- field fences for livestock (1)
- field of experience as image creator (1)
- field research (1)
- folklorist (1)
- foreign and secondary language teaching and methodology (1)
- forenames (1)
- frühes Zweitspracherwerb (1)
- function of translation (1)
- functions of speech communication (1)
- gastronomic interferences (1)
- gastronomic terms in German Language from the Transylvanian cuisine of the 19th and 20th centuries (1)
- gazete metinleri (1)
- gender (1)
- general knowledge about minorities (1)
- genetic encoding (1)
- geographic linguistics (1)
- german (1)
- german culture and civilization (1)
- german minority (1)
- german records in the archives (1)
- germanist (1)
- gesprochene Sprache (1)
- givenness (1)
- goals of German-Romanian contrastive phraseology (1)
- graduate teacher of German language and culture (1)
- grammar (1)
- grammar acquisistion (1)
- heritage speakers (1)
- historical linguistic (1)
- historical settlements (1)
- historical street names in Transsilvania (1)
- historical text-linguistics (1)
- history (1)
- history of communities (1)
- history of the German minority in Hungary (1)
- home feeling (1)
- humanities (1)
- humor in language and literature (1)
- hurdle (1)
- hybrid formation (1)
- hybridisation (1)
- hybridity (1)
- hölzerne Sprache (1)
- identity and trauma (1)
- identity conservation (1)
- identity construction (1)
- ideological vocabulary (1)
- idiom expressions (1)
- idiom workbooks (1)
- image schema (1)
- imagery of language (1)
- immigration languages (1)
- indirect speaking (1)
- individual variables (1)
- infinity (1)
- interaktionaler Gebrauch (1)
- intercultural (1)
- intercultural competence (1)
- intercultural competences (1)
- intercultural perspective (1)
- intercultural relations (1)
- interdisciplinarity (1)
- interferences (1)
- interkulturelle Kompetenz (1)
- intermarriage (1)
- international cooperation (1)
- interwar period (1)
- isolation (1)
- ja <Wort> (1)
- job advertisements (1)
- judicial protocol (1)
- judicial records of the magistrates of Sibiu (1)
- junge Alte (1)
- kein (dt. Lemma) (1)
- klezmer music and song on Romania (1)
- knowledge production (1)
- kommen (1)
- koreferenzielle Pro-Formen (1)
- kreative künstlerische Innovationen und Inspirationen (1)
- kulturelles Umfeld zwischen 1932 und 1934 (1)
- language (1)
- language acquisition (1)
- language competence (1)
- language comprehension (1)
- language contact phenomena (1)
- language equivalence and divergence (1)
- language for a special purpose (1)
- language hybridity (1)
- language in politics (1)
- language interpretation (1)
- language island (1)
- language of the press (1)
- language of worship (1)
- language structures by comparison of German and Romanian (1)
- language use in politics (1)
- lassen (1)
- learner-based teaching (1)
- legal agreements (1)
- legal language (1)
- legal terminology (1)
- legal terms as culturemes (1)
- lexeme (1)
- lexical-functional grammar (1)
- lexicografia bilingvă (1)
- lexicographical description (1)
- lexicographical practice (1)
- light-verb constructions (1)
- lingual contact (1)
- linguicism (1)
- linguicism-critism (1)
- linguist (1)
- linguistic boundaries (1)
- linguistic consequences (1)
- linguistic contact (1)
- linguistic diversity (1)
- linguistic history (1)
- linguistic policy (1)
- linguistic procedures for gender-equal treatment (1)
- linguistic representation (1)
- linguistic research (1)
- linguistic resources (1)
- linguistic rhythm (1)
- linguistic rights (1)
- linguistic situation (1)
- linguistic triangle (1)
- linguistics (1)
- linking elements (1)
- literacy (1)
- literarische Begegnungen in den 70er Jahren in Hermannstadt (1)
- literarische Moderne in Siebenbürgen (1)
- literary Sibiu (1)
- literary topos (1)
- literary-historical studies (1)
- literature (1)
- livestock enclosure (1)
- loan word (1)
- loanwords (1)
- lyric poetry of Bertolt Brecht (1)
- magnitude estimation (1)
- mandatory services (1)
- manuscript transcription (1)
- mauscheln (1)
- meaning of the term “Danube Swabians” (1)
- meaning-making (1)
- measure of value (1)
- medieval immigrants (1)
- melancholic (1)
- metalexicografie (1)
- methodological-didactic concept (1)
- microcultureme vs. macrocultureme (1)
- middle ages (1)
- midwife (1)
- migration (1)
- minorities in Germany (1)
- minorities in Romania (1)
- mixed marriages (1)
- moderne lexikografische Kodifizierungsverfahren (1)
- modifications (1)
- moon (1)
- morphemics (1)
- morpho-lexical (1)
- morphological constructions (1)
- morphological integration (1)
- morphology (1)
- motif (1)
- multicultural society (1)
- multiculturalism (1)
- multilingual character of vocabularies (1)
- multilingualism in Transylvania (1)
- multiple encoding (1)
- multiple motivation (1)
- multiple perspectives (1)
- name grotesqueness (1)
- name of profession Rom. Fleşer (< Germ. Fleischer) (1)
- names of products (1)
- names of saints (1)
- naming practices (1)
- natural speech processes (1)
- newspaper (1)
- nicht ein (dt. Konstr.) (1)
- nominal group (1)
- novel (1)
- null objects (1)
- numerals (1)
- obituaries (1)
- obituary (1)
- object realization (1)
- official presentation and avoided aspects (1)
- online comments in forum (1)
- online dictionaries (1)
- onomastic (1)
- onomastică (1)
- onomatological geography (1)
- onomatology (1)
- onymical phraseme (1)
- overlapping hierarchies (1)
- owl (1)
- pandemic (1)
- parsing (1)
- peasant work (1)
- pedagogical professionalism (1)
- pedagogical translation (1)
- pejorative accents (1)
- perception of deletion (1)
- perceptual priming (1)
- periodical (1)
- persecution for ideological reasons (1)
- personal pronoun (1)
- perspectives of the German language in Serbia (1)
- phonetic levelling (1)
- phrasemes (1)
- phraseodidactics (1)
- phraseological occurence (1)
- phraseologisms (1)
- phraseosemantic field (1)
- physical structure vs. textual structure (1)
- picture naming (1)
- plantlover (1)
- plural acquisition (1)
- pluralization (1)
- plurilingualism (1)
- plurimodality (1)
- politeness (1)
- political discourse (1)
- political realities critique (1)
- political show trials and reports (1)
- political speeches (1)
- politische Sprache (1)
- power relationships (1)
- pragma linguistics (1)
- pragmatics (1)
- pragmatism (1)
- press (1)
- procedee lexicografice moderne (1)
- process quality (1)
- processes of mixture and compensation (1)
- processing complexity (1)
- profession (1)
- promotion of German as a foreign language/of educational opportunities (1)
- pronoun resolution (1)
- proper vocabulary (1)
- prosodic integration (1)
- prosody (1)
- proverbs (1)
- publication practice (1)
- quality indication (1)
- quality model (1)
- railroad industry (1)
- record of court proceedings (1)
- recursion (1)
- reference corpus (1)
- referential expression (1)
- reflection (1)
- regional studies (1)
- relative clause (1)
- reparation measures (1)
- repetitions (1)
- representativeness (1)
- research areas (1)
- result quality (1)
- rhythm (1)
- right and wrong sentences (1)
- romanian (1)
- romantic German poetry (1)
- routine formulas (1)
- rumäniendeutsche Literatur im 20. Jahrhundert (1)
- saint (1)
- sample of quality (1)
- savoir (1)
- savoir faire (1)
- sayings (1)
- school with German language of instruction (1)
- schools with German as language of instruction (1)
- schools with instruction in German language in Romania (1)
- sciencecommunication (1)
- seasonal determination (1)
- sedam (1)
- segment reconstruction (1)
- selfreport (1)
- semantic and statistic analysis (1)
- semantic content (1)
- semantic specialisation (1)
- semantic viewpoint (1)
- series of synonyms (1)
- seven (1)
- sheep farming (1)
- simulation (1)
- so <Wort> (1)
- social levels (1)
- sourdough (1)
- sozial (1)
- spatial boundaries (1)
- spatial perception (1)
- specialist dictionaries (1)
- specific features (1)
- specifics of phraseological phenomena (1)
- speech act (1)
- spoken language (1)
- sprachliche Handlung (1)
- sprachliches Handeln (1)
- stellen <Verb> (1)
- strangeness (1)
- street names (1)
- street – lane (1)
- stress (1)
- structural choices (1)
- structural elements of the text (1)
- structural priming (1)
- structuralism (1)
- structures of increase (1)
- structures of intensification (1)
- stylistic marker (1)
- substantivische Zusammensetzungen in der Gegenüberstellung deutsch-rumänisch (1)
- sun (1)
- sun wedding (1)
- surnames (1)
- surnames on -mann (1)
- symbol (1)
- symbolism of “the devil” (1)
- syntactic dependencies (1)
- syntax-phonology interface (1)
- synthetic diminutives (1)
- system of diminution (1)
- teacher training (1)
- teaching German as a foreign language for students (1)
- teaching and acquisition of idioms (1)
- teaching methods (1)
- teaching of German as a foreign language (1)
- technical vocabulary (1)
- terms borrowed from Romanian and from Hungarian (1)
- testament (1)
- text (1)
- text linguistics (1)
- text structure (1)
- textbook catalogues (1)
- textbooks (1)
- the 16th and 17th century (1)
- the Banat (1)
- the Bologna Process (1)
- the German Studies of Sibiu (1)
- the German text type Genossenschaftsvertrag/Satzung/Statuten vs. the Romanian contract de societate, statut, act constitutiv (1)
- the Northern Transylvanian plant (1)
- the Transylvanian humanist Christian Schesäus and his poem Istoria Anei Kendi (1)
- the adjective (1)
- the benefits of translation exercises for German studies (1)
- the origin and geography of surnames (1)
- the period of the German (1)
- the study of film (1)
- the surname Lutsch (phonology and geographic spreading) (1)
- the surname of Pfaff in Germany and Romania (1)
- the system-bound nature of legal texts (1)
- the town council of Sibiu in the period 1556-1705 (1)
- themes of the German literature in Romania (1)
- titles and honorifics (1)
- topic (1)
- tough (1)
- tradition (1)
- traditional customs (1)
- transcription (1)
- translating literature from Romanian to German (1)
- translation criticism (1)
- translation mistakes (1)
- translation studies (1)
- translational operational frame (1)
- translational turn (1)
- translations of literary texts from German into Romanian (1)
- translations of the speech of the Transylvanian Saxons in the literary German (1)
- translator (1)
- treebanks (1)
- trivial journalism (1)
- tschechisch (1)
- type of word formation (1)
- types of examination in higher education system (1)
- variants of translation (1)
- various trial types (1)
- verb (1)
- verb cluster (1)
- verb placemen (1)
- vernacular (1)
- vernacular landscape (1)
- vernacular phonetic system (1)
- victims of the First World War and of the Second World War (1)
- vocabulary (1)
- ways of reception in the press (1)
- wedding announcements (1)
- weighted constraints (1)
- werden <Wort> (1)
- witch trial (1)
- word composition (1)
- word construction (1)
- word-formation (1)
- words’ integration process (1)
- writing with fantasy (1)
- writing with music (1)
- youth network (1)
- zweisprachige Lexikografie (1)
- Áustria (1)
- Ägypten (1)
- Ärger (1)
- Ärztliche Aufklärungspflicht (1)
- Çeviri Tarihi (1)
- Çeviri yorumbilim (1)
- Çeviriblim (1)
- Çevrimiçi (1)
- Çift Anadal Programları (1)
- Çok dillilik ve Staj (1)
- Çok Dillilik (1)
- Öhmann, Emil (1)
- Ölçme aracı (1)
- Ölçme ve değerlendirme (1)
- Öz yeterlik (1)
- Öğrenci Metinleri (1)
- Öğretim Oyunu (1)
- Öğretim elemanları (1)
- Öğretmen Eğitimi (1)
- Öğretmen adayları (1)
- Öğretmen eğitimi (1)
- ÖğretmenYetiştirme Müfredatı (1)
- Öğretmenlik Uygulaması (1)
- Überraschung <Motiv> (1)
- Überschrift (1)
- Übersetzer (1)
- Übersetzerhaus Looren (1)
- Übersetzung von literarischer Komik, deutsche komische Versliteratur (1)
- Übersetzungsdidaktik (1)
- Übersetzungskompetenz (1)
- Übersetzungsphilosophie (1)
- Übersetzungsprozess (1)
- Übersetzungsstrategien (1)
- Übersetzungsvergleich (1)
- Übertragung von Wortspielen (1)
- Übung (1)
- çevirinin işlevi (1)
- Čapek, Karel (1)
- İlerleme (1)
- İletişim (1)
- İletişimsel edinç (1)
- İletişimsel yaklaşım (1)
- İngilizce (1)
- İstanbul Üniversitesi (1)
- İçeriksel (1)
- İşbirlikli öğrenme (1)
- Žitný, Milan (1)
- “Heart Animal” (1)
- “open translation” (1)
- „Realia” (1)
- „overt translation” (1)
Institute
- Extern (63)
- Neuere Philologien (42)
- Präsidium (27)
- Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) Mannheim (26)
- Sprachwissenschaften (9)
- Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaften (4)
- Universitätsbibliothek (4)
- Gleichstellungsbüro (3)
- Informatik (2)
- Erziehungswissenschaften (1)
The Smurf comics series is, among others, famous for the so-called "smurf language", in which words or parts of words can be replaced by "smurf". We will argue that this "smurfing" has the properties of placeholding. Based on data from German translations of Smurf comics, we will provide a formalization of smurfing in German which can be generalized to a theory of placeholder expressions.
This paper presents an incremental approach to verb clusters in German which radically differs from standard HPSG accounts. While the common assumption is that the verbs in subordinate clauses form clusters and accumulate all their valence requirements on a SUBCAT list, the assumption in this paper is that the arguments in verb final clauses are encapsulated incrementally into syntactic and semantic structures before the verbs are attached. The proposed analysis is in line with psycholinguistic findings. A grammar fragment of German demonstrating an implementation of the analysis is presented.
The paper addresses verbal agreement in German sign language from a constraint-based perspective. Based on Meir's Agreement Morphology Principles it presents an HPSG analysis of plain, regular and backwards agreement verbs that models the interaction between phonological (manual) features and syntactico-semantic relationships within a verbal sign by well-defined lexical restrictions. We argue that a sign-based declarative analysis can provide an elegant approach to agreement in sign language since it allows to exploit cross-modular constraints within grammar, and hence permits a direct manipulation of all relevant phonological features of a verb depending on its syntactic and semantic properties.
This paper presents a new analysis of quirky subjects according to which quirky subjects bear multiple grammatical relations and hence differ syntactically from regular subjects. This contrasts with the standard analysis of quirky subjects according to which quirky subjects are regular subjects bearing lexical case and therefore differ only morphologically from regular subjects. Based on the behavior of quirky subjects in Faroese and German, I argue that the syntactic account is superior. Faroese shows that the case borne by a quirky subject is not lexical, whereas German shows that quirky subjects are not regular subjects to begin with. The behavior of quirky subjects in Icelandic, on which the standard analysis is based, is argued to be the result of a morphosyntactic peculiarity of Icelandic.
This paper discusses recent LFG proposals on resultative and benefactive constructions. I show that neither resultative nor benefactive constructions are fully fixed and that this flexibility requires traces or a stipulation of constructional templates at several unrelated places in the grammar, something that is not necessary in lexical approaches. A second part of the paper deals with the active/passive alternation and shows that language-internal generalizations are missed if constraints are assumed to be contributed by phrase structure rules. A third part examines the parallel constructions in German and shows that cross-linguistic generalizations are not captured by phrasal approaches.
I argue for a new type of non-standard constituent in German; a modifier-collocational-cluster. This type of cluster combines (i) a modifier and (ii) a PP from a light-verb construction (or a Funktionsverbgefüge (FVG) as they are known in German) or a bare noun. Such strings are found in German in initial (prefield) position in certain cases of apparent multiple fronting. We are dealing with a syntax-semantics mismatch here since the modifier does not semantically modify the element with which it can first syntactically combine. I show that the modifier is a collocate of both its co-prefield element but also of the verb. I propose a schema which lexically licenses the building of such clusters and I show how we can encode information about what I refer to as collocational selection in the lexical entries of the type of lexemes involved in these multi-word strings. The analysis can be seen as lexical but does not require lexical storage of phrasal elements.
We show how the variation in the passive in Danish, English, and German can be accounted for. The dimensions in which the three languages differ are
- the existence of a morphological passive in Danish
- a subject requirement in Danish and English resulting in expletive insertion in impersonal
- constructions in Danish and absence of impersonal passives in English the possibility to promote the secondary object to subject in Danish
The differences are accounted for by differences in the structural/lexical case distinction and by mapping processes that insert expletives in Danish. The passive in general is accounted for by a lexical rule that is uniform across languages and hence captures the generalization regarding passive.
The present article discusses several aspects of the so-called correlate-es construction in German. This complex clausal construction can be identified by a correlative nominal element es ('it') occuring in the matrix clause and a right-peripheral full clausal argument linked to es. The article supports the hypothesis that correlative es has a janus-faced nature between an expletive and a referential meaning. This is the reason why existing approaches are not sufficient to capture the properties of the discussed construction in its entirety. The first part of the article sums up the common view on correlative es including the empirical properties of the construction as well as a brief survey of the relevant previous approaches trying to account for correlative es. Based on new empirical data, the second part of the article shows that none of these accounts is able to capture all relevant facts of the correlate-es construction because existing approaches usually ignore that the realization of correlative es is verb-class dependent. Hence, a new constraint-based analysis is developed that takes both empirical observations into account, the verb-class dependence and the janus-faced nature.
This paper deals with expletives that are inserted into clauses for structural reasons. We will focus on the Germanic languages Danish, German, and Yiddish. In Danish and Yiddish expletives are inserted in preverbal position in certain wh-clauses: In Danish such an insertion is observed when the subject is locally extracted from an SVO configuration in non-assertive clauses. In Yiddish wh-clauses are formed from a wh-phrase and a V2 clause. If no element would be fronted in the embedded V2 clause, an expletive is inserted in non-assertive clauses in order to meet the V3 requirement for embedded clauses. In addition to embedded wh-clauses, declarative V2 clauses also allow the insertion of an expletive. In Danish the expletive fills the subject position and is not necessarily fronted. In German and Yiddish the expletive has to occur in fronted position. In contrast to Danish and Yiddish, German does not insert expletives into embedded wh-clauses. They are inserted only into declarative V2 clauses in order to fulfill the V2 requirement without having to front another constituent. In this paper we try to provide an account that captures the commonalities between the three languages while being able to account for the differences.
This paper investigates the information-structural characteristics of extraposed subjects in Early New High German (ENHG). Based on new quantitative data from a parsed corpus of ENHG, I will argue that unlike objects, subjects in ENHG have two motivations for extraposing. First, subjects may extrapose in order to receive narrow focus, which is the pattern Bies (1996) has shown for object extraposition in ENHG. Secondly, however, subjects may extrapose in order to receive a default sentence accent, which is most visible in the case of presentational constructions. This motivation does not affect objects, which may achieve the same prosodic goal without having to extrapose. The study has two major consequences: (1) subject extraposition in ENHG demonstrates that there is not necessarily a one-to-one correspondence between syntactic structure and information structural effect (cf. Féry 2007); and (2) the overall phenomenon of DP extraposition in ENHG fits into a broader set of crosslinguistic focus phenomena which demonstrate a subject-object asymmetry (cf. Hartmann and Zimmermann 2007, Skopeteas and Fanselow 2010), raising important questions about the relationship between argument structure and information structural notions.
Coherence generally refers to a kind of predicate formation where a verb forms a complex predicate with the head of its infinitival complement. Adjectives taking infinitival complements have also been shown to allow coherence, but the exact conditions for coherence with adjectives appear not to have been addressed in the literature. Based on a corpus-study (supplemented with grammaticality judgements by native speakers) we show that adjectives fall into three semantically and syntactically defined classes correlating with their ability to construct coherently. Non-factive and non-gradable adjectives allow coherence, factive and gradable adjectives do not allow coherence and non-factive and gradable adjectives are tolerated with coherence. On the basis of previous work on coherence in German we argue that coherence allows the infinitival complement of a verb or an adjective to be "split-up", so that the head and a dependent of this head are associated with different information structural functions. In this respect coherence patterns with extraction structures where the extracted constituent has an information structural function different from the constituent from which it is extracted. Following literature on the information structural basis of extraction islands, we show how the lack of coherence with factive adjectives follows from their complements' being information structurally backgrounded, while the infinitival complements of non-factive adjectives tend to a higher fusion with the matrix clause. We also show that coherence is observed with attributive adjectives as well, arguing that coherence is not a distinct verbal property. Finally we provide an analysis of coherence with adjectives within HPSG.
This papers addresses information-structural restrictions on the occurrence of what is known as "multiple fronting" in German. Multiple fronting involves the realization of (what appears to be) more than one constituent in the first position of main clause declaratives, a clause type that otherwise respects the verb-second constraint of German. Relying on a large body of naturally occurring instances of multiple fronting with the surrounding discourse context, we show that in certain contexts, multiple fronting is fully grammatical in German, in contrast to what has sometimes been claimed previously. Examination of this data reveals two different patterns, which we analyze in terms of two distinct constructions, each instantiating a specific pairing of form, meaning and contextual appropriateness.
In this paper we investigate German idioms which contain phraseologically fixed clauses (PCl). To provide a comprehensive HPSG theory of PCls we extend the idiom theory of Soehn 2006 in such a way that it can distinguish different degrees of regularity in idiomatic expressions. An in-depth analysis of two characteristic PCls shows how our two-dimensional theory of idiomatic expressions can be applied and illustrates the scope of the theory.
On predication
(2009)
This paper discusses copula constructions in English, German, and Danish and argues that a uniform analysis of all copula constructions is inappropriate. I provide evidence from German that there should be a raising variant of the copula in addition to an identificational copula. A unary schema is provided that maps referential NPs that can be used as arguments onto predicational NPs. Data from Danish shows that predicational NPs can be subjects in specificational structures. An account for such specificational structures is provided and the different behaviour of predicational and specificational structures with regard to question tags is explained. A similar contrast can be found in German left dislocation structures, which follows from the assumptions made in this paper.
A modified treatment of complex predicate formation allows for a reduction of selectional features (that is abolishing of xcomp or vcomp) and for a uniform treatment of predicational phrases in copula constructions and resultative secondary predicates. This yields an account for constituent order variants that remained unexplained by earlier analyses.
The paper discusses the so-called adverbial use of the wh-pronoun was ('what'), which establishes a non-standard interrogative construction type in German. It argues that the adverbial use of was ('what') is based on the lexical properties of a categorically deficient pronoun was ('what'), which bears a causal meaning. In addition, adverbial was ('what') differs from canonical argument was ('what') as it is analyzed as a functor which is generated in clause-initial position.
By means of empirical facts mainly provided by d'Avis (2001) it is shown that was ('what') behaves ambivalently regarding the wh-property: On the one hand, was ('what') can introduce an interrogative clause, but on the other hand it cannot license wh-phrases in situ. While formally analyzing the data against the background of existing accounts on wh-interrogatives couched in the framework of Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar, an analysis is developed that separates two pieces of information to keep track of the wh-information percolating in an interrogative clause. Whereas the WH-value models wh-fronting and pied-piping phenomena, the QUE value links syntactic and semantic information and thus keeps track of wh-phrases in-situ.
Preposition-noun combinations (PNCs) are compositional and productive, but not fully regular. In school grammars and many theoretical approaches, PNCs are neglected, but they have recently been addressed in an HPSG analysis by Baldwin et al. (2006). After discussing some basic properties of PNCs, we show that statistical methods can be employed to prove that PNCs are indeed productive and compositional, which again implies that PNCs should receive a syntactic analysis. Such an analysis, however, is impeded by the limited regularity of the construction. We will point out why adding semantic conditions to syntactic schemata might be necessary but not sufficient and turn then to a framework which allows the derivation of syntactic (and semantic) generalizations from linguistic data without taking recourse to introspective judgments.
This paper is a follow up on Müller, 2006. It contains some comments on suggestions about the interaction of phrasal Constructions with constituent order that Adele Goldberg made at various occasions. In addition the paper discusses various HPSG analyses of particle verbs that assume lexical representations including phonologically specified parts of particle verb lexical entries. A recent phrasal analysis of resultatives (Haugereid, 2007) is discussed as well and it is pointed out that control constructions pose problems for phrasal analyses that do not assume empty elements but require that the subject is realized in a phrasal configuration.
Licenser rules have originally been introduced in Müller (1999) as a part of a grammar based on discontinuous constituents. We propose licenser rules as a means to avoid underspecified empty elements in grammars with continuous constituents. We applied them to a verb movement analysis of the German main clause with right sentence bracket and to complement extraposition. To reduce the number of unnecessary hypotheses, we extended the licenser rule concept with a licenser binding technique. We compared the licenser rule approach to an approach based on underspecified traces with respect to processing performance. In our experiment, the use of licenser rules reduced the parse time by a factor of 13.5.
In this paper, we report on an experiment showing how the introduction of prosodic information from detailed syntactic structures into synthetic speech leads to better disambiguation of structurally ambiguous sentences. Using modifier attachment (MA) ambiguities and subject/object fronting (OF) in German as test cases, we show that prosody which is automatically generated from deep syntactic information provided by an HPSG generator can lead to considerable disambiguation effects, and can even override a strong semantics-driven bias. The architecture used in the experiment, consisting of the LKB generator running a large-scale grammar for German, a syntax-prosody interface module, and the speech synthesis system MARY is shown to be a valuable platform for testing hypotheses in intonation studies.
This paper presents an overview of a proposed linearisation grammar, which relies solely upon information residing in lexical heads to constrain word order. Word order information, which encompasses discontinuity as well as linear precedence conditions, is explicitly encoded as part of the feature structure of lexical heads, thus dispensing with a separate LP specification or 'phenogrammatical' layer standardly posited for linearisation. Instead, such lexicon-originated word order constraints are enforced in projections, propagated upwards and accumulated in the compound PHON feature, which represents phonological yields in an underspecified manner. Though limited somewhat in generative capacity, this approach covers the key phenomena that motivated linearisation grammars and offers a simpler alternative to the standard DOM-oriented theory.
In this contribution we will argue that negative polarity is a collocational phenomenon that does not follow from other properties of the respective lexical elements. With German data as evidence, we will follow a proposal by van der Wouden and treat Negative Polarity Items (NPIs) as collocates which must be licensed by abstract semantic properties of their contexts. Using a collocation module for HPSG, which has been independently motivated for bound words and idioms, we will show how to restrict the occurrence of NPIs to legitimate environments, starting from the negativity hierarchy of licensing environments by Zwarts. Besides a more fine-grained semantic licenser hierarchy, we will establish syntactic licensing domains and general collocational restrictions of NPIs.
We will provide an analysis of negative concord in sentential negation in three languages, French, Polish and German. The focus of the paper is (1) the typological variation with respect to the realization of negative concord in the three languages under investigation and (2) the treatment of lexical exceptions within the different typological classes. We will propose a unified theory of negative concord which identifies a common core system and adds language-specific constraints which can handle typological variation between languages and lexical exceptions within a given language.
Since Pollard and Sag (1994) it has been assumed that raising involves full structure sharing, whereas a control verb merely shares the content of one of the lower verb's arguments. This has been considered a property of the phenomena, despite the fact that Pollard and Sag (1994) present this syntactic difference as a hypothesis confirmed for Icelandic only. In this paper we discuss the difference between raising and control from the perspective of Dutch and German passives. It has already been shown by Van Noord and Kordoni (2005) that the secondary object passives in these languages are raising structures, in which the case of the raised argument changes. In this paper we provide additional evidence for the raising analysis, and we propose a new analysis, which allows for a uniform account of Dutch and German passives as raising structures. Przepiorkowski and Rosen (2004) show that control may exhibit case transmission; the data presented in this paper shows that raising may not. Therefore, we claim that the distinction between raising and control is found in theta-role assignment. Syntactically they tend to behave differently, but they may also behave in the exact same way.
We present a method for automatic RMRS semantics construction from dependency structures, following the semantic algebra of Copestake et al. (2001). We have applied this method to a subset of the TIGER Dependency Bank for German (Forst et al., 2004) to obtain a semantic treebank for (HPSG) parser evaluation. We describe the semantics construction mechanism and give evaluation figures from manual validation of the treebank. These indicate high precision of the automatic RMRS construction process.
The present paper investigates a certain subset of clause linkage phenomena and develops a constraint-based account to the empirical fact that clauses need to be distinguished with respect to their degree of integratedness into a potential matrix clause. Considering as example German, it is shown that the generally assumed twofold distinction between main and subordinate clauses (or root and embedded clauses) does not suffice to deal with the presented data. It is argued that the discussed linkage phenomena originate from syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties of the clauses involved, and should hence be encoded in grammar.
Syncretism in German: A unified approach to underspecification, indeterminacy, and likeness of case
(2005)
In this paper I address the phenomenon of syncretism in German and show how Flickinger (2000)'s approach to related issues in English can be adapted to provide a compact, disjunction-free representation of German nominal paradigms by means of combined case/number/gender type hierarchies. In particular, I will discuss the issue of case identity constraints in German coordinate structures, which has so far prevented successful application of Flickinger's proposal to German, and show how likeness constraints targetting individual inflectional dimensions of a combined type hierarchy can be expressed by means of typed lists that abstract out the relevant dimension.
I further show that current type-based approaches to feature neutrality are unable to combine the treatment of this phenomenon with the virtues of underspecification. I will then propose a revised organisation of the inflectional type hierarchies suggested by Daniels (2001), drawing on a systematic distinction between inherent and external (case) requirements.
In this paper we argue that at least for some languages, when there are suitable o-commanders of its selectional domain, a reflexive in the bottom of its obliqueness hierarchy escapes exemption via a reshuffling of its local binding domain. The outcome of such reshuffling is that the local domain extends to include o-commanders of the reflexive in the subcategorization domain immediately upstairs, that is in the domain whose head predicator directly subcategorizes the domain headed by the predicator directly subcategorizing the reflexive.
This paper discusses a special kind of syntax-semantics mismatch: a noun with a relative clause is interpreted as if it were a complement clause. An analysis in terms of Lexical Resource Semantics is developed which provides a uniform account for ''normal'' relative clauses and for the discussed type of relative clause.
In Müller, 2005 I provide evidence that suggests that linearization approaches that analyze German clause structure with discontinuous constituents cannot account for the German clause structure in an insightful way. In order to eliminate the very powerful concept of linearization domains and discontinuous constituents from the grammar, analyses of other phenomena which also rely on discontinuous constituents should therefore be revised.
In this paper, I develop an analysis of German depictive secondary predicates that differs from the one suggested in Müller, 2002 by assuming binary branching structures, verb movment, and continuous constituents instead of a linearization approach. Some shortcomings of previous analyses are pointed out and it is shown how linearization constraints regarding depictive predicate and antecedent can be modeled.
In this paper, I shall discuss the semantic attachment of intersective modifiers in German coherent constructions. I shall show that a purely syntactic solution to the observable attachment ambiguity is undesirable for reasons of processing e ciency and/or massive spurious ambiguity. Instead, I shall follow Egg and Lebeth (1995) and propose an extension to Minimal Recursion Semantics, permitting the expression of underspecified semantic attachment. This rather trivial move, as we shall see, will not only be preferable for processing reasons, but it will also be more in line with the spirit of underspecified semantics, e ectively providing a compact representation of purely semantic distinctions, instead of unfolding these distinctions into a rain forest of tree representations and derivations. I will present an implementation of the underspecification approach integrated into the German HPSG developed at DFKI and compare its e ciency to an alternative implementation where semantic attachment is unfolded by means of retrieval rules.
This article proposes a semantics of directional expressions in Norwegian and German, regarded as VP modifiers. The analysis uses Minimal Recursion Semantics, as an integrated part of Matrix-based HPSG grammars. Directional expressions are analyzed as modifying an individual, the 'mover'. Context dependent directionals like here receive a decomposed analysis. Telicity values reflecting various types of directional and locative expressions are computed.
It is a much-debated issue whether one should assume separate lexical entries for participles used in passive and perfect constructions or whether there is just one lexical entry that is used in different ways depending on whether a passive or perfect auxiliary is present in the clause.
In previous work I criticized approaches trying to analyze the passive with one lexical entry for making empirically wrong predictions and suggested a lexical-rule based approach were two different lexical items for the participle are licensed.
In this paper I show how Heinz and Matiasek's (1994) formalizations of Haider's (1986) ideas can be extended and modified in a way that both modal infinitives and control constructions can be captured correctly. The suggested analysis needs only one lexical item for participles, base form infinitives, and zu infinitives irrespective of their usage in active or passive like structures.
In this article, the so-called wh-relative clause construction is investigated. The German wh-relative clauses are syntactically relevant as they show both, root clause and subordinate clause properties. They matter semantically because they are introduced by a wh-anaphor that has to be resolved by an appropriate abstract entity of the matrix clause. Additionally, the wh-relative clause construction is discourse-functionally peculiar since it evokes coherence. Besides these interesting empirical characteristics, whrelatives raise important theoretical questions. It is argued that the standard HPSG theory has to be extended to account for non-restrictive relative clauses in general, and to cope with the particular properties of the wh-relative construction.
The paper investigates a complex word order phenomenon in German and the interaction of syntax and information structure it exemplifies: the occurrence of subjects as part of a fronted non-finite constituent and particularly the so-called definiteness effect excluding (many) definite subjects from this position. We explore the connection between focus projection and the partial fronting cases and show that it is the subject of those verbs which allow their subject to be the focus exponent that can be included as part of a fronted verbal constituent. In combination with the observation by Webelhuth (1990) that fronted verbal constituents need to be focused, this provides a natural explanation of the definiteness effect in terms of the information structure requirements in these sentences. Interestingly, the generally ignored exceptions to the definiteness effect are predicted by our analysis; we show that they involve definite noun phrases which can bear focus, which allows them to be part of a fronted verbal constituent. Finally, building on the integrated grammatical architecture provided in De Kuthy (2002), we formulate an HPSG theory which captures the interaction of constraints from syntax, information structure and intonation.
Free relatives in German basically behave as NPs. As is first noticed by Groos and Riemsdijk (1981), an interesting property of free relatives that they do not share with ordinary relative clauses is that the relative pronouns are sensitive to matrix case requirements as well as to subordinate ones.
Ever since Chomsky's "On Wh-Movement" (Chomsky 1977) it has been assumed that topicalization and wh-question formation can be analyzed as instances of the same operation. Leaving certain features aside, this proposal carries over to the analysis of unbounded dependency constructions in HPSG since structurally, topicalization does not differ from wh-question formation in the analysis suggested in Pollard & Sag (1994: 157-163). In the present paper, we challenge this assumption and suggest an alternative analysis of unbounded dependency constructions. Here, topicalization and wh-question formation are considered as structurally different at least in certain languages. They may, however, be structurally identical in other languages. This difference is empirically reflected in patterns of relative clause extraposition. As has been pointed out by Culicover & Rochemont (1990: 28), an extraposed relative clause must not take an antecedent contained in a VP if the VP is topicalized but the relative clause is not.
Few ideas have proven as influential within the HPSG-based literature on German verb clusters as Hinrichs and Nakazawa's (1989) idea of argument composition. Its basic idea is that in verb clusters, the arguments of a main verb are realized as the dependents of the auxiliary which governs that main verb, and not directly as dependents of the main verb. Thus, for instance in (1a), the tense auxiliary haben governs the transitive main verb gewinnen. As the head of the cluster gewonnen hat, the auxiliary haben effectively takes over the arguments from the main verb.
The fact that inflectional affixes always attach to the verbal stem leads to the bracketing paradox in the case of particle verbs since the semantic contribution of the inflectional information scopes over the complete particle verb. I will discuss nominalizations and adjective derivation, which are also problematic because of various bracketing paradoxes. I will suggest a solution to these paradoxes that assumes that inflectional and derivational prefixes and suffixes always attach to a form of a stem that contains the information about particles already, but without containing a phonological realization of the particle. The particle is a dependent of the verb and is combined with its head after inflection and derivation. With such an approach no rebracketing mechanisms are necessary.
This paper challenges the assumption that the nature of apparent word order and verb form irregularities in the German verbal complex is that of an irreducible cluster of idiosyncrasies surrounding an exceptional word order possibility. I discuss two lesser known sets of data which raise serious problems for the traditional 'idiosyncrasy-based' analysis. I conclude that the verbs in the upper-field are exceptional in a 'deeper' sense, in that they do not construct as ordinary syntactic heads. Instead they seem to behave more like functional elements as characterized by Abney (1987). On the basis of such a revised syntactic analysis most of the unexpected word order and verb form irregularities resurface as related regular properties.
Case-matching effects in in German VP coordination and German free relatives have received a fair amount of attention in recent syntactic theorizing and have been cited by Ingria (1990) as a potential challenge to constraint-based and unification-based approaches to syntax such as HPSG and LFG.
This paper considers another construction in question: case-matching phenomena in Bavarian relative clauses, for which Bayer (1983) develops an inherently derivational account. The present paper offers a purely declarative account of Bavarian relative clauses in HPSG and shows that the analytical tools provided by unification-based or constraint-based grammar formalisms completely suffice to provide a fully adequate and comprehensive analysis of the data.
This paper investigates a particular word order phenomenon in German, the occurrence of discontinuous NPs (which we refer to as the NP-PP split construction) in order to probe the division of labor between the syntactic analysis and discourse constraints on this construction. We argue that some of the factors which previous literature has tried to explain in terms of syntactic restrictions are in fact derivable from discourse factors. Building on these insights, we show how an information structure component can be integrated into an HPSG account of the phenomenon.
(Ingria 1990)'s claims that both feature neutrality, where a sign acts in a sentence as though it simultaneously had multiple values for a single feature, and the coordination of unlike categories, where the features of two or more conjuncts differ from each other, pose fundamental problems for unification-based theories of grammar do not apply to constraint-based theories like HPSG.
New types can be introduced into the hierarchy of appropriate values for any given feature that directly represent neutralizations and coordinations. In this manner, feature neutralization and the coordination of unlikes are seen to be different aspects of the same problem: how to determine the values of a coordinate mother's features from those of its conjuncts.
In this paper I show that object to subject raising approaches as suggested by Pollard (1994) and Müller (1999) are problematic since they cannot account for adjective formation in a satisfying way. The approach by Heinz and Matiasek (1994), which is a formalization of Haider's (1986) ideas, cannot account for modal infinitives and control.
I develop a lexical rule based approach and it will be shown that this approach also extends to tricky cases of remote passive.
This paper discusses the behavior of picture NP reflexives in German and English. Taking the analysis of Pollard/Sag (1994) as a starting point, we show that their main conclusion for English, viz. that picture NP reflexives are exempt from Principle A, does not apply to German. As a first step, we present an alternative formulation of Principle A for German. But the principles proposed for German and English do not offer any explanation for the universal behavior of anaphors if they cannot be related to each other. We thusn propose a more general Principle A to hold universally. Individual, language-specific instantiations of this Principle A are derived from determining certain parameter settings.
The so-called was-w-construction in German has received a fair amount of attention in recent syntactic theorizing. Most of the discussion has focused on the properties of was.
One line of research maintains that was is a scope marker that indicates the semantic scope of the wh-phrase in the embedded interrogative clause. The alternative view, usually referred to as the indirect analysis, was first developed with respect to Hindi (Dayal 1994) and then generalized to German (Dayal 1996). It holds that the was of the was-w-construction is associated not with the embedded wh-phrase, but rather with the embedded clause as a whole.
Hinrichs and Nakazawa present some novel evidence in favor of an indirect analysis of the was-w construction. However, the main focus of their research is on two questions that by comparison have received little attention, namely:
1. what is the set of matrix predicates that can enter into this construction, and
2. how can one account for the curious fact that predicates that ordinarily do not license wh-complements allow such complements in the was-w-construction?
On the basis of Ginzburg and Sag's verb classification (Ginzburg and Sag, in preparation) Hinrichs and Nakazawa identify a natural class of predicates that license this construction and utilize the notion of type coercion to account for the apparent mismatch between the syntactic form of the embedded interrogative and its semantic function.
"Mir ist so digk vor gesait" : Studien zur erzählerischen Gestaltung des "Meleranz" von dem Pleier
(2024)
In der germanistischen Mediävistik richtet sich das Forschungsinteresse vornehmlich auf die höfische Literatur und dabei insbesondere auf die frühen und späten Artusromane. Vor allem die Werke von Hartmann von Aue und Wolfram von Eschenbach sind zentrale Forschungsobjekte, während Texte wie Pleiers ‚Meleranz‘ bisher nur begrenzt Beachtung fanden.
Die Forschungslücke, die die vorliegende Arbeit adressiert, liegt in der detaillierten Analyse der spezifischen Erzähltechniken des pleierschen Textes, die sich sowohl durch die Verwendung traditioneller arthurischer Motive als auch durch innovative narrative Ansätze auszeichnen. Ausgehend von dem Befund eines stark zurückgenommenen Erzählers wird untersucht, welche narrativen Strategien und Verfahren der Pleier im ‚Meleranz‘ anwendet, um trotz dieser Abkehr von der implizierten poetischen Regelhaftigkeit einer dominanten Erzählerfigur das Erzählen vom Ritter ‚Meleranz‘ gelingen und zugleich an einigen Stellen ausgesprochen konventionell wirken zu lassen.
Um aufzudecken, wie der Text ohne die Stimme eines deutlich hervortretenden Erzählers vermittelt wird, nutze ich im Verlauf der Arbeit eine Typologie der Stoffvermittlung durch (arthurische) Erzähler. In den Einzelstudien zum ‚Meleranz‘ werden seine Motive, Erzählmuster und Figurenkonstellationen in einem close reading erarbeitet und mit der Typologie abgeglichen, um bestimmen zu können, welche Vermittlungsformen im pleierschen Text genutzt werden. Mit Hilfe dieses Vergleichs kann das Erzählverfahren im ‚Meleranz‘ extrapoliert und gleichzeitig offengelegt werden. Mittels dieses Vorgehens wird verdeutlicht werden, dass es sich beim ‚Meleranz‘ um einen Text handelt, der arthurische Konventionen lediglich anders inszeniert, um die vermittelnde Funktion der Stimme des Erzählers zu substituieren oder ihr Fehler auszugleichen.
In a similar way to dramatic performances and plays, song lyrics establish a complex discourse structure whereby listeners are placed in a position to overhear ‘the pretence of a conversation constructed to convey the performer’s meaning’ (Nahajec 2019: 25; see also Short 1996: 169). In Taylor Swift’s songwriting, listeners are positioned not only to eavesdrop on the narratives presented but are also invited to conceptualise and enact particular roles and scenarios in the discourse. This paper offers a stylistic analysis of songwriting and narrative structure across Swift’s oeuvre to identify how disnarration strategies are used to build stories in her two sister albums written and produced during the Covid-19 pandemic, folklore (2020) and evermore (2020). Specifically, this study examines how disnarration characterises the albums’ narrators, establishes narrator-narratee relationships and invites listeners to adopt a participatory role in the meaning-making process. Through close analysis of four songs across the two albums, this paper builds on developing studies of the stylistics of songwriting (see West 2019) and argues that disnarration strategies foreground particular themes within the discourse, such as nostalgia, wistfulness and regret, and contribute to the fictionalisation and self-aware storytelling characteristic of these albums’ storyworlds.
Stellenanzeigen in Zeitungen: eine vergleichende Studie anhand deutscher
und kamerunischer Texte
(2023)
Across different cultures in the world, companies recruit new workers by publishing job announcement in newspapers. This contribution examines job announcement in German and Cameroonians newspapers in order to bring out theirs similarities and differences. The analysis reveals that job announcements in both countries are quite similar as far as the communication situation is concerned. Differences and similarities appear in text structure and in the usage of linguistic items.
The article intends to present some facts about the medieval history of the Saxons in the Wallachian town of Câmpulung Muscel/Langenau. German-speaking colonists were settled in Langenau around the 13th century, and their traces can be followed until the middle of the 18th century. A German language document from the 16th century will serve as an illustration, depicting the relations between the Transylvanian Saxons from Râșnov/Rosenau and the population of Câmpulung Muscel/Langenau. The linguistic peculiarities of the document are discussed, as well as the problems of its transcription, which led to different publication variants. This document is also interesting because it contains many Romanian names of persons.