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This paper studies the morphological productivity of German N+N compounding patterns from a diachronic perspective. It argues that the productivity of compounds increases due to syntactic influence from genitive constructions ("improper compounds") in Early New High German. Both quantitative and qualitative productivity measures are adapted from derivational morphology and tested on compound data from the Mainz Corpus of (Early) New High German (1500–1710).
Unterm Rettungsschirm
(2018)
Macht sich die Zweideutigkeit des "Rettungsschirms" im Deutschen vor allem in Gestalt seiner visuellen und metaphorischen Figurationen bemerkbar, fällt sie im Englischen schon auf wörtlicher Ebene auf. Denn das Englische kennt zwei unterschiedliche Worte für die benannte Sache, sodass der Schirm entweder als 'umbrella' ("Regenschirm") oder als 'parachute' ("Fallschirm") auftreten muss. So finden sich denn auch beide Varianten in der englischsprachigen Berichterstattung über die Eurokrise. Die entsprechenden Formulierungen 'rescue umbrella' oder 'rescue parachute' lassen sich dabei in der Regel als Übersetzungsversuche aus dem Deutschen erkennen. Darüber hinaus finden sich beide Varianten häufig in englischsprachigen Einlassungen deutscher Krisenkommentatoren, die für diese Einrichtung werben oder sie kritisieren wollen. Viele englischsprachige Fachpublikationen, in denen explizit von 'rescue umbrella/parachute' die Rede ist, stammen auch aus der Feder deutscher Autorinnen und Autoren. Dieser Befund lässt die Vermutung zu, dass es sich bei dem Rettungsschirm um eine genuin deutsche Wortschöpfung handeln könnte. Die Vermutung lässt sich durch eine Reihe sprachwissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen bestätigen, die sich mit der Metaphorik der Finanzkrise beschäftigt haben. Das Gesamtbild der unterschiedlich angelegten empirischen Studien lässt recht klar erkennen, dass der Rettungsschirm eine der dominierenden Metaphern im deutschen Krisendiskurs und offenbar auch ein spezifisch deutsches Sprachgebilde ist.
The present paper aims to analyse the language use in the interactive field of online comments, which appeared in the online discussion site of the Siebenbürgische Zeitung Online forum. The analyse focuses on the performance of the speech act sanctioning at the linguistic level – lexical, morphological, syntactic, pragmatic. The participants to the process of interaction, who are members of the Siebenbürger Sachsen association, introduce discussion topics on the political situation in Romania or reply to others’ comments by taking a stand on the topics. The authoress takes the theoretical stance of pragmalinguistics, speech act theory and intercultural communication in assessing language facts.
The author, attracted to the Romanian poetry written during the inter-war period, tried to translate into German some of the poems wirtten by Ion Pillat and Ion Barbu. From this pursuit he could learn a lot, not only thanks to his inclination towards the original text, by interpreting it from a semantic point of view, but also by searching the lexical equivalents established in the target-language. In the magazine, there are introduced poets that belong to the younger generation and so, he managed to approach their licirical creations more as a translator, especially those written by Nichita Stănescu and Ioan Alexandru. At the same time, the author narrates some of his experiences regarding the folklore poetry, his steps concerning the translation of the ballads written originally by Transylvanian Saxons in the literary German. Moreover, he does not fail to outline the realization of a short edition from the piece of work, created in Latin by the Transylvanian humanist Christian Schesäus, the poem Istoria Anei Kendi, translated with the help of a few contributors in Romanian, Hungarian and German.
The following paper presents the 17th volume on German studies Kronstädter Beiträge zur Germanistischen Forschung 2017. The volume deals with constructions of masculinity and femininity in German culture, literature and language. Through its various articles the volume delineates the way masculinity and femininity are constructed in everyday life, as well as in literature and in language.
The fully revised, extended and updated second edition of the Variantenwörterbuch des Deutschen (German Variant Dictionary) covers hitherto not lexicographically coded peculiarities of the German language in Romania, Namibia, and Mexico and thus the present variety spectrum on the margins and far beyond the closed German language area. The dictionary points out differences and thus peculiarities of the different varieties of the German language spoken in the respective centers.
The family name Fleşer and its viariations come from the German family name and from the common noun with the same form Fleischer (Rom. „măcelar” – butcher) which is prevalent in East and Northeast of Germany today, and which in its turn appeard as the aftermath of a contraction of the compound noun Fleischhauer (Lat. macellator), initially spread in the centre and North of Germany.
The monophthongal noun Fleşer and its variant forms Fleşeru, Fleşeriu, Fleşieru and Fleşariu, formed with the suffix of German origin determining the agent -er (< lat. -arius) or with that/those of Romanian origin -ar(iu), (< lat. -arius) are concentrated mainly in Transilvania today, especially in the neighbouring counties of Alba and Sibiu.
Hence, the family name Fleşer and its variations turn out to be compelling examples of the linguistic interculturality between German and Romanian in Transilvania and in Romania, in this case demonstrated in terms of onomastic.
Wortbildungen, die im Siebenbürgisch-Sächsischen aufgrund von lateinischen Lexemen entstanden sind
(2018)
As the Reformation took place in the first half of the 16th century in Transylvania and the Germanspeaking mother regions alike, the schooling systems were restructured. Instruction in Latin language was mandatory for attendees of teachers' training institutions. Latin texts were read, Latin grammar was practiced and exercises to that effect were completed. Up to the mid of the 19th century, schools methodically practised high German in writing and reading, but oddly, not in speaking. The spoken language was the vernacular. Consequently student language developed curious constructions based on Latin vocabulary. The vernacular examples chosen are taken from the Transylvanian-Saxon Dictionary, and from vernacular and specialist literature.
The aim of this paper is to show how Grimmelshausen uses forms of addressing and which factors are important for the choice of address in the novel Simplicissimus. The research of indirect speaking in novel texts of the baroque is a desiderate in science. The result is: Often pragmatic motives of situation figure rather the choice of address then conventions of social classes. The balance between power semantic and solidary semantic as well as human affects and emotions regulate how literary characters are addressing other characters. The reason for that is that most authors refer to novel texts with members of the society’s elite. Contrary it can be argued that Grimmelshausen uses many different levels of society. Therefore, we can suppose, that our investigation makes the understanding of how politeness is working round. It is based on knowledge of a dynamic language.
The research of phraseology in fiction has gained importance from its wide potential of its application in modern literature. This creative linguistic phenomenon manifests itself primarily in the branch of “author phraseologism”. Author phraseologism indicates the phraseological units that appear in the works of a certain author; these units may occur frequently or may occur in isolated cases throughout the his/her work. Author phraseologism is regarded as a main source of creative expressions. If these creative expressions are subjected to circulation and wide usage, they develop into established phraseologisms that become well-known to the public. A renowned exemplification of this is the quotation from Hamlet “to be or not to be, that is the question”. Generally, these author phraseologisms have certain functions to fulfil; they give the literary work a semantic and aesthetic value.
Therefore, this paper attempts to explore Peter's active creative work on his poetic language since he rarely tends to use the fairly frozen idiomatic phrases that have widely been used before his time. This research paper analyses these creative phrases syntactically, semantically and metaphorically by identifying the phraseological potential, aesthetic value and poetic function in some of Peter's short stories.
The selected short stories of Peters that are analysed, are a part of the most modern literary works. This could be the reason for that his newly created phrases, have not been acknowledged as fixed phrases yet. The fact that the phrases are not repeated within the same story or in other works by himself, may be one of the reasons for that the investigated examples cannot be considered as anchored phraseologisms.
What gives this paper importance is the study of the creative language of Peters. Furthermore, this paper contributes to synchronous and documentary research of phraseology in the German literature. Peter's works has been previously studied from a literary and cultural point of view, however the linguistic aspects of his works were not given sufficient attention.