430 Germanische Sprachen; Deutsch
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The article addresses the growing importance of corpus-based research in the field of German foreign language acquisition. German corpora in general and learner corpora in particular are briefly introduced. A short overview of existing German learner corpora is followed by a detailed description of the error-annotated learner corpus Falko, a learner corpus of advanced learner German, which is accessible via internet (without any prior registration) and free of charge. Finally, a short example analysis demonstrates some of the functionalities of Falko. The aim of the article is to encourage researchers to employ corpora as helpful tools in their own work.
Mediengestützter Deutschunterricht im türkischen universitären Bereich : eine Bestandsaufnahme
(2010)
A trend in nature of a permanent increase towards multimedia lifestyle has arisen in all stratas of the society. Thus, rather than using written course-books, publishing houses prefer to encourage use of multimedia which are dependent to course-book or which are independent of course-book and language learners prefer to learn with multimedia. Thus it is encouraged that courses are supported in that manner. This study aims to examine scope and limits of computer aided German teaching which is flourishing as a foreign language within Turkey university education recently. This study has been applied in preparatory classes of departments which provide four-year education. Results of a survey on use of multimedia dependent on course-book or independent of course-book within courses within Turkey university education has been given within scope of this study. Evidences on competence of German teachers and learners in use of multimedia has been given and have been visualized through use of graphics. Problems of multimedia aided German courses and solutions offers will be submitted.
The paper sketches out the framework of a transcultural model of language learning and teaching. In doing so it illuminates linguistic, psycholinguistic, hermeneutical und didactic aspects of the complex field of language learning rather than limiting itself to discussing mere methodological phenomena. The paper argues that the language learning and teaching profession can only advance by taking transcultural concepts of language acquisition, of linguistic systems, of language processing and of media use into account and by integrating them into a coherent system of language didactics.
This paper aims to determine and classify by syntactic criteria, the functions of reflexivity (reflexive pronoun kendi) in Turkish, in contrast to German.
Reflexivity in Turkish can be expressed by synthetic elements such as affixes, but also by an analytical element – the reflexive pronoun kendi. And in German it is formed by the reflexive pronoun sich. The reflexive pronoun sich in German used both in anaphorical and lexical functions, which can be distinguished from each other by certain criteria.
„Football“, „soccer“ in British terms, is the most famous sport of the world. The history of the football goes back to the ancient times. In this article, the football terms used in Germany and Turkey are handled together with the historical development of football. Various differences and similarities between these terms and their features are also demonstrated.
To reach even language users not acquainted to the use of grammars the Institut für Deutsche Sprache in Mannheim (Germany) looked for new way to handle grammatical problems. Instead of confronting users with abstractions frequent difficulties of German grammar are introduced in form of exemplary questions like „Which form should be used or preferred: Anfang dieses Jahre or Anfang diesen Jahres?” Looking through the long list of such questions even laymen may find solutions of grammatical problems they might not be able to formulate as such.
In this paper I will present some empirical studies concerning a linguistic construction called binomials, e.g. auf und ab (‚up and down‘). Binomials consist of two coordinated elements in a fixed order ‚A and B‘, whereas empirically the reversed order ‚B and A‘ is rarely found and, asked for acceptability judgements, native speakers tend to reject it. In two corpus studies hypotheses on phonological principles responsible for the ordering of the constituents are tested. Furthermore I present a pseudoword experiment with German native speakers and Russian and Turkish learners of German as a second language. Results are discussed in the framework of optimality theory.
This article adresses one function of dialects showing their importance of controlling everyday language. On the example of Low German, a vernacular spoken in Northern Germany, the function of identity is shown and explained. Firstly the understanding of biography is given, followed by an overview about the research undertaking about biographical studies in linguistics, especially in dialectology and Low German philology. The main part concerns the exemplary analysis of an interview of a dialect speaker. The aim of the article is to show in detail the identity function of dialects and the chances qualitive methods can contribute to linguistic researches.
Integration and social advancement in our time without a solid language skills are no longer possible. What has not been done for decades, they now try through the integration abroad and in Germany make up very successful. But German is unfortunately only the first, though perhaps the most important step for a successful integration. The next question should now be: Lack of integration in spite of good knowledge of German - why?
This article attempts a brief introduction on the topic of cognitive sciences. By emphasizing cognitive linguistics, which separates in two positions will be part of the cognitive Sciences expressed with their linguistic function and is the heart matter, stands for a criticism about their lack of diagnostics. These positions of cognitive linguistics, whose paper are the neuro-linguistics and the cognitive linguistics, are presented in detail and both cognitively linguistic point of views are questioned for their scientific validity. Cognitive Linguistics is a field of cognitive science understood. Cognitive science tries with their research on Imitate human brain, which has arisen from this area, and also Artificial Intelligent researches in which the brain researchers with their colleagues from the field of computer technology try to develop artificialintelligence as an objective. The contribution of the linguistic component directs the Cognitive Linguistics in their research.
The interest of this work devotes itself to the repeating linguistic actions of the students in the DaF conversation lessons. Repetitions in the lesson discourse are functionally different than repetitions in the daily discourse. The support of repetitions by the students in the class discourse is tried to be demonstrated here on the basis of examples. Recordings from the DaF conversation lessons were transcribed and reconstructed according to Hiat. The kinds of the repetitions and their functions in these DaF conversation lessons are limited with this study. The findings of the study should be concerned consciously in order to accomplish a better understanding and reacting to these repeating actions of the students like inquiry, correction, confirmation, precautionary self-control, verification and confirmation in the conversation lessons –most of which are accomplished by the students for a certain aim however unconsciously.
In this study the relationship between NLP and Linguistics has been investigated. Korzybski, who is interested in the neurological aspect of language puts forth that an artificial identification has been established due to verb “to be”. The notion he developed because of this connection forms the basic idea of NLP. What Chomsky’s studies contribute to NLP are “surface - deep structure” in Generative Transformational Grammar approach. According to this we express what we utter in daily speech with surface structure, but we make them meaningful with deep structure. NLP has transformed this knowledge into various techniques and practices for a more effective communication and happier life.
This is a linguistic study in which applied discourse analysis is used. It is functional comparison of argument examples, such as ‘Mesela’, ‘Örneğin’ and ‘Beispiel’, ‘Beispielsweise’ in authentic discourse texts. It has been observed wether both languages show the same function or not.
In this study, the student mistakes, in the collaborative writing project, will be discussed. The texts written in the computer lab are sent to the instructor through internet and the teacher underlines the mistakes made by learners and sends the texts back to the students. The students get feedback both from teachers and from peers when they are writing and correcting their mistakes. Since the learners are either in their preparatory or 1st year, the common mistakes made by the students are incorrect structure usage, inappropriate linguistic use, overgeneralizations or mother tongue transfers. These errors result from their limited foreign language knowledge.
The mediation of German cultural studies has become a firm component of the foreign language lessons, because without knowledge about the culture of the target language communication cannot succeed. However, the aim of the study of the German cultural study lessons should not be to provide a comprehensive picture for the purposes of the actual study of the culture and geography, but to choose from the contents with the help of which then an intercultural competence can be developed. The concept "German cultural studies" is extended by the component "intercultural", so that now we speak of „German cultural and intercultural studies“. This contribution would like to point out which developments the field „German cultural and intercultural studies“ has taken in Turkey and which role the study of intercultural aspects plays in the German lessons at school and in the teacher advanced training. Furthermore this contribution would like to introduce the teaching draughts which were sketched for the teaching field “German cultural and intercultural studies” in the German teacher training. Moreover, it should be discussed with which subjects and methodical possibilities the learning aim of an intercultural competence can be reached.
This article compares the noun plural systems of ten Germanic languages focusing on the number of allomorphs, their formal shape and the assignment principles used for allomorph distribution. It further aims at identifying the interrelating factors, categories, and features decisive for the very different ways in which plural allomorphy is organized in languages of the same origin. The major relevant factors are pointed out with special emphasis on the role of gender, semantic and rhythmic assignment, and the role of high token frequency. On formal grounds, the fusion vs. separation of case and number as well as the role of zero morphology vs. redundant marking, of stem alternation and the direction of influence between stem and affix are discussed.
Due to the cultural and technological improvement in daily life, technological terms such as New Media Instruments gain more popularity among the foreign language didactics. In the media society the medium of instruction book is pushed for a function change. Pupils or students are continuously confronted outside of class with a variety of different media. Today we can clearly speak of new teaching and learning tools. The reciprocal effect of language policy and educational factors that shape the relationship between language and text books, lead in the case of German in a non-defined language policy. This constellation is also reflected in the design of textbooks. When you consider that textbooks are intimately linked with the education targets of a country and the practical learner expectations, then this seems today perhaps in a premature stage. On the one hand, the knowledge about the operation of related equipment and their applications, or the ability to be able to bring into use, are necessary and on the other hand, the technical competence of German as a foreign language is highly required. The attempt would enter with little skill in a personal and comprehensive online project fail for many Germanists even from the technical point of view and with some certainty. This begs the question: Is in fact the digital environment inevitable?
The paper focuses on experience gained at the university of Hildesheim (Germany) where a modular course programme has been introduced which concentrates on less frequently learnt European languages, such as Dutch, Danish, Portuguese and Italian, putting into practice relevant results of research in the field of Contrastive Linguistics. The paper ends with a presentation of the outline of a Turkish reading course for German learners, raising the question to what extent experience gained by comparing and teaching Indo-European languages can be applied to fundamentally different languages like German and Turkish.
Learner autonomy has been discussed since the 70th in the last century. It was argued, that learners should be familiar with foreign language learning, because language learning will get more and more important in a society of the future. So even after school time people should be able to develop foreign language skills without any formal teaching. In recent time a new concept has been added: teacher autonomy. Learner autonomy and teacher autonomy are interdependent. In other words: We can not develop learner autonomy without developing teacher autonomy. Our discussion starts with some simple facts. Gordon Wells observed in his famous Bristol Project several children for more than ten years and compared their language development and learning behaviour in two contexts: school and families. Interesting differences have been found. On the one hand children are more initiative and more curious in the family context. On the other hand they loose more and more initiatives through school experiences. The concepts of learner autonomy and teacher autonomy and consequences for teacher training will be discussed in the context of these findings.
Die zielsprachliche Verwendung des Artikels als grammatikalisiertem Mittel der NP-Determination im Deutschen stellt im Zweitspracherwerb besonders für Deutschlernende mit einer artikellosen Muttersprache eine große Schwierigkeit dar. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die NP-Determination auf der Basis eines Spontansprachkorpus, welches Erwerbsdaten einer achtjährigen russischen Deutschlernenden in einer frühen und einer späten Erwerbsphase liefert. Das Ziel der Untersuchung ist, Erkenntnisse über Entwicklungsverlauf, Transferphänomene und insbesondere referenzsemantische und phonologische Determinanten der Artikelwahl zu gewinnen.