810 Amerikanische Literatur in Englisch
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The fall of the Berlin Wall and its literary representations have often been described as a purely (white) German affair, as a discourse regarding (East/West) German identity. Taking on Leerssen's claim for a trans-/postnational imagology, this article provides an analysis of two novels depicting the fall of the Berlin Wall from transnational, not-(only)-German perspectives: Yadé Kara's "Selam Berlin" (2003) and Paul Beatty's "Slumberland" (2008). Comparing images and stereotypes used by both the Turkish-German narrator of Kara's and the African American narrator of Beatty's novel, it aims to undertake an exemplary case study of how imagology may be employed in contexts characterized by complex interferences of national, ethnic/racial, and urban ascriptions of belonging.
Der Artikel bietet eine Analyse von John A. Williams' Roman "Clifford's Blues" (1999), der in der Form eines fiktiven, von einem afroamerikanischen Jazz-Musiker geschriebenen Tagebuchs von der Inhaftierung im Konzentrationslager Dachau erzählt. Der Roman lässt sich nicht nur als mit den Mitteln der Fiktion arbeitender Beitrag zur Geschichte der Verfolgung Schwarzer Menschen im Nationalsozialismus verstehen, sondern auch als selbst transatlantisches, vermeintlich historisches Zeitzeugnis, das aus einer ungewöhnlichen Perspektive die Thematik eines unsteten Archivs verflochtener Gewalt- und Exilerfahrungen beleuchtet. Das Augenmerk der Analyse liegt einerseits auf den Chancen eines solchen Archivs: Der Roman zeigt Möglichkeiten diasporischer Gemeinschaftsbildung und beschreibt die transatlantische Perspektive des Protagonisten als Ressource für das Erkennen von Kontinuitäten der Unterdrückung wie auch für das Ableiten von alltäglichen Widerstandsstrategien. Andererseits werden ausgehend vom Kunstgriff der Herausgeberfiktion und von Dokumenten aus dem Nachlass Risiken und Widersprüche des hier entworfenen Archivs diskutiert. Es wird gezeigt, dass dieses zwar auf Transnationalität zielt, jedoch teilweise der Rückbindung an ein lokales Moment bedarf.
This article studies two African American examples of provincialising Europe "from the inside", James Baldwin's essay "Stranger in the Village" and Vincent O. Carter's "The Bern Book", both set in 1950's Switzerland. It investigates how these texts reverse the ethnographic gaze at the "other" and use the rural Swiss scenario to imagine Europe as historically backward. While the authors differ in their intentions, both acts of provincialisation leave the superiority of European high culture intact.
Employing an intersectional approach—drawing on cultural and new kinship studies, (medical) anthropology, gender and media studies—this article analyzes how the 2013 MTV series Generation Cryo as cultural text deals with medicalized masculinities and (in)fertilities. It asks in what ways masculinities and also fathers, fathering, and fatherhoods are (re)presented and negotiated in a story which has sperm donation by an anonymous donor and the donor siblings and/in their respective families at its center. In the show, essentially an (auto)biographical narrative, all families emphasize social parenthood over genetic inheritance, yet there are also deep-seated insecurities (re)triggered by the donor who is literally and metaphorically a present absence transforming into a potential family member, thus shaking family tectonics and challenging familial/familiar gender and family roles. Generation Cryo is a story about donor conceived children, but also about clinically infertile men and their social roles as fathers, their struggles to narrate and embody individual forms of masculinities in the face of cultural normative templates of hegemonic masculinities— complex practices constantly oscillating between genetic essentialism and social parenthood.
Metamorphosen des Helden : menschliche und nicht-menschliche Akteure in der amerikanischen Literatur
(2015)
Der Beitrag stellt die Frage nach dem Verhältnis von menschlichen und nicht-menschlichen Akteuren in der Klima- und Umweltliteratur in einen größeren literaturgeschichtlichen Zusammenhang. Er zeigt, dass einerseits nicht-menschliche Akteure bereits in klassischen Texten der Literatur eine wichtige Rolle spielen und dass andererseits die Betonung nicht-menschlicher Agenzien in der zeitgenössischen Klima- und Umweltliteratur nicht ohne die Präsenz eines in Sprache, Narration, Figurengestaltung und Leserkommunikation manifesten menschlichen Agens auskommt.
Nationality traditionally is one of imagology's key terms. In this article, I propose an intersectional understanding of this category, conceiving nationality as an interdependent dynamic. I thus conclude it to be always internally constructed by notions of gender, sexuality, race, class, religion, age, ability, and other identity categories. This complex and multi-layered construct, I argue, is formed narratively. To exemplify this, I analyse practices of stereotyping in Honoré de Balzac's "Illusions perdues" (1843) and Henry James's "The American" (1877) which construct the so-called 'Parisienne' as a synecdoche for nineteenth-century France.
Throughout his career, Stanley Cavell's subject has been the ordinary: what Ralph Waldo Emerson would call 'the near, the low, the common'. Cavell provides compelling insights into Emerson's efforts to locate philosophy within the flow of everyday life. He examines how Emerson renews common thinking, citations, and fragments from the works of others by means of his 'aversive thinking': his technique of turning writing back upon itself. While taking Cavell's Emerson readings as its point of departure, this essay switches Cavell's philosophical angle for a philological one. I suggest that Emerson's engagement with contemporary debates concerning the historical reading of sacred and secular literature (the Bible, Homer, Shakespeare) formed his own practice of reworking literatures of various origins and recasting aesthetics in major ways.
This article develops a reading of Don DeLillo’s novel Cosmopolis that differentiates between two thematic and poetological axes running through the text. On the one hand, Cosmopolis explores the future-fixation of the risk regime of finance capitalism; on the other, it stages scenes of insecurity that physically threaten the protagonist and his world. Insecurity, the article argues, is a condition that throughout the text increasingly gains in appeal because it promises to offer an alternative to a world of managed risk. The concern with security emphasizes finitude and mortality, thus enabling a turn to existential matters that the virtual abstractions of finance have seemingly made inaccessible. While proposing an opposition between a logic of risk based on virtuality and a logic of (in)security based on authenticity, DeLillo’s novel also suggests that it is impossible to break out of the logic of risk management pervading late modernity. The appeal of (in)security articulated in Cosmopolis rather lies in the promise to existentially revitalize life within the confines of financialized capitalism.
This master thesis will consider the question how far American history influenced, and is mirrored in, (American) science fiction literature. The main work of reference for this endeavor will be the award-winning Mars Trilogy by the aforementioned, renowned science fiction author Kim Stanley Robinson.
Chapter one will deal specifically with the topic of how certain events of American history – especially the War of Independence, its origins and its aftermath – are more or less mirrored in the Mars novels, often with only minor changes (and adapted into a sci-fi setting, of course). The historic concepts of ‘the Frontier’ and ‘Manifest Destiny’ will find some minor mention here.
The second chapter of this paper will be exclusively about one of the early main characters of the trilogy, one with a lasting influence even though he dies early. The leading thesis will be that this ‘all-American hero’ is, more or less, a fusion of two major figures of early American history, specifically Captain John Smith and legendary ‘frontiersman’ Daniel Boone. The name of this character alone – John Boone – should serve easily as an indicator for the truth of this thesis.
The final chapter of this thesis then leaves the Mars Trilogy behind in order to look at the whole wide field of science fiction literature. Selected works will serve to illustrate the pervasive presence of American history in this genre. The concept of the ‘frontier’ will be of considerable importance to this endeavor, and will feature significantly in this section.
Concluding the paper will be a short overview of the paper’s major points and a few final thoughts will then round out this thesis and mark its end.
Shoah heute : komparatistische Perspektiven auf eine kulturanalytische Frage im 21. Jahrhundert
(2022)
Rezension zu Susanne Rohr. Von Grauen und Glamour. Repräsentationen des Holocaust in den USA und Deutschland. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2021, 386 S.
Gregor J. Rehmer. Die dritte Generation der Shoah-Literatur. Eine poetologische Definition am Beispiel deutscher und US-amerikanischer Texte. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2021, 479 S.