830 Literaturen germanischer Sprachen; Deutsche Literatur
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Goethes "Iphigenie auf Tauris" als Drama der Grenzüberschreitung oder: Die Aneignung des Mythos
(1999)
Iphigenie variiert die mythische Erzählung nicht nur im Rahmen des für den mythischen Diskurs signifikanten Variationsspielraums, sondern sie überschreitet die Grenze von einem mythisch befangenen zu einem aufgeklärt-empfindsamen Selbst- und Weltverhältnis in dem Maße, wie sie im Verlauf der Dramenhandlung ein klares Bewußtsein der Fiktionalität jener mythischen Erzählung erlangt, in deren Horizont auch sie zu Beginn des Dramas ihre eigene Geschichte und Gegenwart noch begreift. Diese Grenzüberschreitung vollzieht sich im Zusammenhang eines Wahrheitsdiskurses, als welcher sich das szenische Geschehen über weite Strecken hin darstellt. Im Konflikt der Selbst- und Weltinterpretationen, in den die Figuren zueinander treten, wird von der Titelfigur her, aber nicht auf sie beschränkt, das Verhältnis von individuellem Selbstentwurf und Autorität der Tradition, dem Mythos, grundsätzlich neu bestimmt.
Abschließend wird zu zeigen sein, wie sich in dieser Horizontverschiebung, in der Neuordnung des Verhältnisses von individuellem Selbstentwurf und Tradition auf der Figurenebene in genauer Weise jener Transformationsprozeß abbildet und reflektiert, welchem Goethe den mythologischen Stoff "auf der epochalen Schwelle, auf der das 'Ende der Ikonographie', der Verlust einer verbindlichen bedeutenden Gegenständlichkeit präsent ist", unterzieht.
Die produktive Rezeption von Thomas Mann im Roman "Ana em Veneza" von João Silvério Trevisan (1994)
(1999)
The novel "Ana em Veneza" (1994) by João Silvério Trevisan is composed as a literary game of intertextual references to the works of Thomas Mann. Especially his tales "Enttäuschung" ("Desillusion") and "Tod in Venedig" ("Death in Venice") and his novel "Doktor Faustus" serve as models. Trevisan uses figures, motives and themes of Thomas Mann on various levels of his own literary creation, thus using elements in the works of the German writer as pattern of a "European" attitude towards art, about which he argues through his characters, seeking a specific Brazilian identity as an artist. The article surveys this productive reception of motives from Thomas Mann's works, refering to the basic ideas of the novel.
This article shows how the genre Bildungsroman (self-development novel) has been assimilated to the Brazilian literary tradition. Through the examples of Cristina Ferreira Pinto's "O 'Bildungsroman' feminino" ("The female novel of development") and Eduardo de Assis Duarte's "Jorge Amado e o 'Bildungsroman' proletário" ("Jorge Amado and the proletarian novel of development"), this article focuses the dynamic process by means of which a typical European genre has been assimilated by a young South-American literary tradition.
This essay shows how Goethe and Johann Gottlieb Fichte converge in a common supranational cultural ideal, in spite of their divergences in relation to their poetic and scientific approaches. Goethe's idea of style as the supreme principle of art and Fichte's philosophical conception, which emphasizes philosophical activity as the art of thinking independently, constitute the thematic focus of the present article which also tries to make the point of coincidence of art and science evident.
In this Paper, the idea of "ethnopoetics" is seen not exclusively as the characteristic trait of Hubert Fichte's (1935-1986) work, but as one among several forms of New Ethnology, which appeared in the context of the crisis of traditional ethnology in the 20th century. The first part intends to conceptually clarify several issues introduced by Fichte, such as the transformation of the world into words, the connection between fieldwork and interpretation, the "participant observation", and the encounter between hegemonic and peripheral cultures, comparing them with the ethnographical essays of Lévi-Strauss, Malinowski, Evans-Pritchard and Ruth Benedict. The second part is devoted to Fichte's posthumous book "Explosion", published in 1993 – where he relates his experience of three journeys in Brazil, between 1969 and 1982, a text which may be considered as his working journal and guide to all his publications on Brazil. I discuss how far the author realized his proposals to write a "novel of ethnology" and to create a "new ethnology".