850 Italienische, rumänische, rätoromanische Literaturen
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Der vorliegende Beitrag konzentriert sich nicht auf die interessanten, etwas späteren Vorbilder einer italienischen 'hybriden' Rezeption des Gotischen bzw. Phantastischen, die gleichzeitig einer neuen Sensibilität bzw. Ästhetik den Weg ebnete und die das Interesse der Forschung schon erweckte, sondern er verfolgt das Ziel, die weniger erforschten Wurzeln des Genres in Italien zu ergründen. Diese sind unerwartet in 'Fermo e Lucia', d.h. in jener unvollkommenen ersten bzw. 'Ur'-Fassung von Manzonis Prosameisterstück 'I promessi sposi' zu finden.
This article deals with the representation of motherdaughter relationships in novels by Herta Müller, Aglaja Veteranyi, Carmen Francesca Banciu and Gabriela Adamesteanu, all of them born in Romania. Herta Müller and Aglaja Veterani constantly wrote in German, while Carmen Francesca Banciu changed her language after emigrating to Germany and Gabriela Adameºteanu’s language has always been Romanian. Mother-daughter relationships are analysed in regard of female genealogy, but also considering their complexity and ambiguity. It is shown that representations of mother-daughter-relationships are depending rather on individual and psychological criteria than the author’s cultural or ethnic affiliation. Maybe a larger study, which could not be made in this article, could reveal more detailed results.
Two Romanian authors, Nora Iuga and Carmen Francesca Banciu have published their impressions about the German capital Berlin. Nora Iuga stayed there twice for a limited period of time (in 2000 and in 2010), whereas Carmen Francesca Banciu decided to live in Berlin after her scholarship there ended in 1991. This is why Carmen Francesca Banciu’s writing changed together with the changing city, which was then under construction not only literally but also in a figurative way integrating new influences due to the opening of Eastern Europe after the end of its isolation during the Cold War. She is one of those new elements which reshape Berlin adding new and different perspectives to its cultural life. Banciu publishes her impressions in Berlin ist mein Paris. Nora Iuga, on the other hand, remains nothing but a visitor. Her ideas about the City and about the Germans in general change a lot during her stays in Berlin. In the end, she leaves for Bucharest with new impressions, which are released in Romania in her book Berlinul meu e un monolog.
"[E]s hätte vielleicht genügt zu bemerken, daß die Hölle Dantes die Vorstellung von einem Kerker übersteigert, die Beckfords hingegen die Höhlengänge eines Alptraums", fasst Borges sein Argument in den "Prólogos" zusammen. Indem Borges die beiden Höllenschilderungen ästhetisch und qualitativ voneinander abgrenzt, verweist er implizit auch auf seine eigene Höllenkonzeption, die er im Vorwort zu seiner Anthologie "Libro del Cielo y del Infierno" von 1960, die er zusammen mit Adolfo Bioy Casares herausgab, durchblicken lässt: Seit Swedenborg werde die Hölle nämlich nicht mehr als Ort, sondern als Zustand begriffen. Borges versucht keine große, theologische Wahrheit nachzuzeichnen; vielmehr sieht er die Wahrheit in der Unendlichkeit - im Kleinen, das in Summe ein unerkennbares, großes Ganzes ergibt. Die genaue Unterscheidung zwischen Beckfords und Dantes Höllenkonzeptionen dient hier beispielhaft dem Zweck, die Vielfalt dieses Ganzen sichtbar zu machen.
Der Dichter als Stifter und/ oder Anstifter : deutsch-rumänische Lesarten gegenwärtiger Lyrik
(2007)
The Romanian literature of the 18th century is witnessing a remarkable metamorphosis, whereas step by step the Enlightment’s ideas penetrate the Romanianspeaking soil and through various mechanisms replace the medieval order in society, politics and arts. In this time of the Enlightment the small popular book “Bertoldo” from the late Italian 16th century was adapted in French and then in German and through the German intermediary reached Transylvania at the end of the 18th century (Hermannstadt, 1799). In the centre of our analysis we place the concept of “cultural transfer” and that of the “cultural translation”, concepts that help us illustrate the adaptation strategies of the foreign material and the integration principles of the Enlightment’s ideals on the Romanian soil. Working with eloquent examples from the “Bertoldo”-text in a comparative manner we will try to bring to light the interaction of the poetical and ideological functions of the translations from German and its role in forming and shaping a new kind of Romanian cultural and literary sensibility.
This study intends to analyze the barely known literary personality of Carmen Sylva, the first Romanian queen. Since Carmen Sylva was a German-born princess, yet lived almost her entire life in the Romanian cultural environment, the main point of this paper is to analyze the idea of writing while being split between two different cultures. Carmen Sylva’s self-assumed role of cultural mediator is in this respect obvisouly worth mentioning. However the main question of this study lies not necessarily in the role, but rather in the place of this writer with two homelands. Did she indeed manage to become a cultural mediator or was she her entire life nothing more than an outsider?
On a close examination, the Romanian cultural space suggests the existance of a spiritual and cultural incompatibility between Romanian existential feeling and the Faustian man, endowed with the personality and character of Faustus. The Faustian character, Faustus and his literary myth have been imported in Romanian culture. Under the circumstances, this paper investigates the manner in which Faustian aspects and motives reflect in Romanian literature.
Goethes "Faust" in der Übertragung von Ştefan Augustin Doinaş : Ergebnisse einer Übersetzungsanalyse
(2007)
The present article studies the language plays within the German poetry in Romania and Romanian Poetry during the 1970s. The paper focuses on the language plays resulting from both intertextuality and hypertextuality as well as on the deconstruction of language in poetry by the use of language in rhyme, alliteration, homophony and homonymy in order to find similarities between the verse of two literatures written within a decade. The study researches what significance language plays have for the German poetry of Romania and for the Romanian poetry during 1970s, how and why they manifest resemblances respectively differences.
The Romanian poet and internationally acclaimed mathematician Ion Barbu (i.e. Dan Barbilian), 1895-1961, practiced in his occasional poetry related to his experience as a doctoral student and later as a visiting professor in interbellic Germany a poetic discourse of immediate, sometimes diary-like reflection. The vitality of his occasional poetry mainly addressed to his close friends and seldom intended for publication is fed by the permanent contrast between the German and the Romanian cul-ture and civilization. The paper analyzes the intercultural dialogue which constitutes the background of Ion Barbu’s Germany-related occasional poetry with special emphasis on his poems written in German
The following article analys the perception of th famous character Till Eulenspiegel (Howleglas) in Romania, mostly focusing on „Întâmplãrile ºi faptele de pominã ale nãzdrãvanului Til Buhoglindã”, retold by Al. Alexianu. His fame was currently brought by the numerous translations, in 280 languages. The first complete Romanian translation was published in 1840, in Braºov. The book represented a major success towards the Romanian audience, following other editions being published (1848, 1856, 1858, etc.). The 43 tales chosen in the 1970s edition are focused on Till Eulenspiegels-character (translated in Romanian as Til Buhoglindã), revealing his complex personality, as well as his amuzing and educational side.
The lively debate about the biblical topics and motifs in search for words and „unwords” represents the subject of the present study, which treats the poetry of two authors: Nelly Sachs and Nichita Stănescu. Jacob’s Wrestling with the Angel (chapter 32 of Genesis) turns out to be, for the two poets, a motive, which describes their own writing, a wrestling with the insufficiency and commonplaceness of language, a wrestling for the word, because poetry is doubtless creation, but first of all mystical revelation.
The subject of the present study represents the artistic personality of the German writer Mite Kremnitz (1852-1916), which takes into consideration both facets of her work, as a translator and as a novelist. On the one hand and as an author in her own right, Mite Kremnitz is the carrier of Romanian realities; on the other hand she has the merit of having been the first one to translate contemporary literature from Romanian into German.
My paper will explore the interrelation between past, present and identity, as well as the dynamics of social change in contemporary German and Romanian literature, as exemplified by Jana Hensel’s Zonenkinder (2002) and Ioana Bradea’s Scotch (2010). Both authors belong to a new generation of writers who, having experienced the collapse of the communist regime as adolescents, investigate the traumatic experience of change and adjustment to the social, economic and cultural realities of post-communist societies. While Hensel aims at recreating the lost Heimat (motherland) as an Erinnerungsraum (space of remembrance) and portraying the social tensions of the post-unification decade from an Eastern German perspective, Bradea focuses on depicting the desolate post-communist industrial landscape, as well as the everyday lives of anonymous Romanians caught in the vagaries of transition.
Fellinis Faulpelze
(2013)
Fellinis OEuvre, so könnte man mit etwas Mut zur Vereinfachung sagen, kennt vor allem zwei Arten von Filmen: solche, in denen es stets voran, und solche, in denen es gar nicht erst losgeht. Ersteres führt uns in mustergültiger Weise 'La strada' aus dem Jahr 1954 vor Augen, Fellinis weltberühmte Ballade vom Unterwegs- und Unbehaustsein, die immer wieder und durchaus zu Recht als frühes Road Movie gehandelt wird, letzteres 'I vitelloni' von 1953, ein, wenn man so will, Proto-Slacker-Movie, das ausschließlich in einem nicht identifizierten Badeort an der Adria spielt und statt der Straße die Gasse als prominenten Ort des Geschehens ausweist. Dass dies einen nicht unerheblichen Unterschied bedeutet, versteht sich von selbst. Schließlich führt eine Straße von A nach B, eine Gasse hingegen nur von A nach A', das heißt einen anderen Winkel von A. Den Sachverhalt etwas überspitzend, ließe sich somit sagen, dass es demjenigen, der die Straße benutzt, um eine Ortsveränderung geht, wohingegen derjenige, der sich auf der Gasse bewegt, nicht wirklich weg, sondern bleiben will. Eindrucksvoll belegen dies die Helden aus 'I vitelloni', und das bereits in dessen Titelsequenz, weswegen es sich lohnt, dass wir sie uns einmal etwas genauer anschauen: Nachdem sich die Blende öffnet, fällt unser Blick auf einen kleinen Platz, der - es ist schon lange nach Mitternacht - wie ausgestorben daliegt. Von links aus einer engen Gasse kommend, treten die fünf jungen Männer, ineinander gehakt und in linearer Formation, ins Bild, überqueren, von der mitschwenkenden Kamera verfolgt, den Platz, um sodann nach links in eine andere Gasse abzubiegen, wobei sie stark zu schlingern beginnen. Ihr Gang verliert folglich an Zielstrebigkeit und Geschwindigkeit, wodurch sie den Moment, in dem sie durch das keilförmig von oben in den Bildkader hineinragende Haus 'verschluckt' werden, hinauszögern. Doch noch immer geht es, wenn auch verlangsamt, voran, und das Aus-dem-Bild-Treten scheint unausweichlich. Dass es hierzu letztlich nicht kommt, verdankt sich einem an dieser Stelle einigermaßen unerwarteten freeze frame, der gerade noch rechtzeitig die Bewegung der Vitelloni einfriert und dadurch für deren Verbleiben im Kader sorgt - ein filmischer Kniff, mittels dessen Fellini eine höchst subtile Vorabcharakterisierung seiner Helden vornimmt. Denn diese werden uns die kommenden ca. hundert Filmminuten vor allem als eines präsentieren: notorische Bleiber, die keinerlei Anstalten machen, sich vom Fleck zu rühren, sei es in wörtlichem oder übertragenem Sinne.