Insecta Mundi
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904
Ishtarella Martens new genus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and I. thailandica Martens new species are described and illustrated from Doi Phu Kha National Park, Nan Province, Thailand. The genus is assigned to the tribe Aphidiini, subtribe Trioxina. Based on morphology, Ishtarella appears most closely related to Binodoxys Mackauer. An updated checklist of the aphidiine fauna of Thailand, based on published records, is presented.
903
An interesting new taxon of scarabaeoid beetle is described from western Texas, USA. The remarkably small chafer, Ardella magnaemirabilis new genus, new species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Ardellini) is described and compared to other diminutive scarabaeoid genera from drier habitats of the southwestern USA. The tribe Ardellini, new tribe, is erected to accommodate the unusual genus.
902
Macrophotographs in series taken by Alice Abela on sandy coastal dunes in Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo Counties, CA in 2010–2021 supplement and enhance F. X. Williams (1928) study of the ecology and nesting behavior of the trapdoor spider-hunting spider wasp Aporus (Plectraporus) hirsutus (Banks) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae: Aporini). Abela’s macrophotographs and observations provide new details of adult wasp feeding, functional morphology, hunting, digging and prey transport, and host spider trapdoor, entrance, burrow structure, host capture and escape activity. Newly reported host records from this study and online photographs expand A. hirsutus host selection in the large wafer-lid trapdoor spider genus Aptostichus Simon (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Euctenizidae). The A. hirsutus California geographic distribution map by Wasbauer and Kimsey (1985) is updated, thereby providing a broader definition of intraspecific variation in this species.
901
New larval host plants and ecological observations on North American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera)
(2021)
New larval hosts are presented for 152 North American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). Larval host plants of Aneflus calvatus Horn in Leng, Aneflomorpha arizonica Linsley, Aneflomorpha fisheri Linsley, Aneflomorpha opacicornis Linsley, Anelaphus magnipunctatus (Knull), Atylostagma glabra Schaeffer, Cacophrissus pauper Bates, Elytroleptus limpianus Skiles and Chemsak, Obrium rubidum LeConte, and Stenelytrana splendens (Knull) are reported for the first time. The types of wood utilized by larvae of Leptorhabdium pictum (Haldeman), Sphenostethus taslei (Buquet), Typocerus lugubris (Say), and Xestoleptura octonotata (Say) are discussed. Notes on larval morphology and larval habits of Aneflus spp. and Stenaspis solitaria (Say), including a correction of a published host plant record for S. solitaria, are provided. Urgleptes sandersoni Gilmour is reported from the United States (Florida) for the first time.
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The ash whitefly, Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), was first found in southern areas of South Korea during September 2019. During the survey of 2021, no additional specimens of the ash whitefly were found other than the previously reported regions. Attempts to trace a possible pathway for exotic ash whitefly suggested that this species probably followed pathways of illegal importation of infested plants from China or Japan and was unintentionally introduced into South Korea based on a survey-based study. This whitefly has not been intercepted at ports of entry to South Korea on imported plant material between 1999 and 2019 according to the PIS database (2021). Because of its wide host range and an ability to buildup massive populations, it will require continuous monitoring to prevent the spread to other areas of the country and to minimize potential losses of agriculturally and horticulturally important plants.
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New synonymies and notes in Criodion Audinet-Serville (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)
(2021)
Criodion angustatum Buquet, 1852 a nd C. pilosum Lucas, 1857 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) are synonymized with C. tomentosum Audinet-Serville, 1834. The holotypes of C. angustatum and C. hirsutum, and syntypes of C. pilosum and of C. tuberculatum Gahan, 1892 are illustrated for the first time. One of the type localities of C. tuberculatum is corrected.
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We describe and illustrate a new Neotropical predaceous midge, Parabezzia carlae Huerta, Spinelli and Grogan, new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from males collected by Malaise trap in La Union, Ayutla de los Libres, state of Guerrero, Mexico. We also report a second record of P. alexanderi Wirth from Veracruz, Mexico. A key to the known species in Mexico is included.
894
The jumping bristletail Pedetontus gershneri Allen, 1995 (Microcoryphia: Machilidae) is reported from the state of Alabama, USA, for the first time, extending its known range east-southeast by roughly 588 km. The first partial mtDNA barcode was generated for the species. Notes on color variation and sampling needs of Microcoryphia are briefly discussed.
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A statewide survey of Wisconsin’s Attelabidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) was conducted over one full (2012) and two partial (2011, 2013) field seasons. Specimens were collected using a variety of techniques. Fourteen species of Attelabidae in nine genera placed in two subfamilies are now recorded from Wisconsin, with five new state species records and 117 new Wisconsin county records. Generic and specieslevel keys for Wisconsin attelabid species are provided along with generic and species diagnoses. Species treatments also include a synonymy, a description, and information on natural history, phenology, distribution and collecting methods. Dorsal and lateral habitus images are also provided for each species.
890
Fractipes tayrona new species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae: Eumolpini) is described from a dry forest on the Caribbean coast of Colombia. This locality is very distant from the localities in southeast Brazil, where the other two known species of Fractipes Bechynĕ were described. Male and female genitalia are described for the first time in this genus, and F. tayrona is compared with holotype photographs of F. rhabdopteroides Bechynĕ and F. secundus Bechynĕ and Springlová de Bechynĕ.
889
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Species-specific ant resemblance in heteronotine membracids (Hemiptera: Membracidae) is reported for the first time, providing evidence for ant mimicry. The shape, integument color and shine of the pronotal process of females of Heteronotus fabulosus Boulard closely resemble workers of the cooccurring giant turtle ant Cephalotes atratus (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The entire membracid appears to mimic a mutualistic relationship between a membracid and a turtle ant.
887
Hamaticherus Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) is considered a junior synonym of Cerambyx Linnaeus, 1758. Hamaticherus sensu Audinet-Serville, 1834 is considered a posterior usage of Hamaticherus Dejean, 1821, and an unavailable name. Plocaederus is considered as a new genus, and not a replacement name, proposed by Dejean (1835) to allocate the species included in Hamaticherus sensu Audinet-Serville, 1834. Therefore, a new genus, Hamaederus Santos-Silva, Garcia and Botero,is herein proposed to include the species currently allocated in Plocaederus Dejean, 1835, creating 15 new combinations, and additionally, a new species from French Guiana, Hamaederus allofasciatus Santos-Silva, Garcia and Botero, is described. Furthermore, Plocaederus barauna Martins and Monné, 2002 and Plocaederus confusus Martins and Monné,2002 are proposed as new junior synonyms of Hamaederus yucatecus (Chemsak and Noguera, 1997), and Hamaticherus bellator Audinet-Serville, 1834 is transferred to Plocaederus Dejean,
1835, new combination. New geographical records are provided for Hamaederus fraterculus (Martins), H. glaberrimus (Martins), H. rusticus (Gounelle), and H. yucatecus (Chemsak and Noguera). Hamaederus fasciatus is formally excluded from the fauna of French Guiana. A key to American genera of Cerambycina (Cerambycini) is provided.
886
Platystasius transversus (Thomson) (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) is a rarely collected egg parasitoid of Leptura aurulenta Fabricius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Four female specimens were found in Germany, a new country record for the genus and species. Illustrations, DNA barcodes, and an updated distribution are provided. We review its taxonomic history, biology, and ecological associations.
885
Four aphelinid and one encyrtid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) were collected from Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) infesting twigs and stems of Japanese plum tree (Prunus salicina Lindl.) in a survey conducted in 2020 in South Korea. These were identified as Aphytis proclia (Walker), Encarsia berlesei (Howard), Marietta carnesi (Howard), Pteroptrix orientalis (Silvestri) (Aphelinidae) and Arrhenophagus chionaspidis Aurivillius (Encyrtidae). In this paper, the list of parasitoid species of P. pentagona that occur on Japanese plum trees in South Korea is updated and a brief diagnosis and photographs of each species are provided.
884
Orsilochides scurrilis (Stål) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) is reported from the United States for the first time based on a specimen collected in Santa Cruz County, Arizona. A key to separate the U.S. species of Orsilochides Kirkaldy is provided. In addition, host plant records and distribution of the other two species of Orsilochides that occur in the U.S., Orsilochides guttata (Herrich-Schäffer) and Orsilochides stictica (Dallas), are analyzed through a combination of digital photo records and museum specimens.
883
Allomyia renoa (Milne, 1935) (Trichoptera: Apataniidae) was described from six females. The male association is verified in this paper. The original type locality information is limited: “Reno, Nev.,‘78, Morrison”. An Allomyia Banks population found at Mount Rose in Washoe County, Nevada, was compared to the A. renoa type material and found to be the conspecific. Figures, descriptions and distribution of male, female, pupal and larval A. renoa are provided.
882
Scirtes goodrichi Springer and Waller, a new species of Scirtes Illiger, 1807 (Coleoptera: Scirtidae: Scirtinae) from Virginia and South Carolina, is described and illustrated. Six species are now recognized for Scirtes in America north of Mexico: S. orbiculatus (Fabricius), S. tibialis Guérin-Méneville, S. oblongus Guérin-Méneville, S. plagiatus Schaeffer and S. goliai Epler. A taxonomic key to the six species of Scirtes is provided.
881
The Nearctic species of Nematodes Berthold (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Macraulacinae: Nemato-dini) are reviewed. Four species are redescribed. One new species, Nematodes rugosipennis Otto (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae) is described from Florida, Georgia, and Oklahoma, USA. A key to species modified from Muona (2000) is provided for all known species of Nematodes present in the Nearctic region.
880
Thirty-four species of dacine fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) were recorded in Bangladesh, based on field surveys carried out between 2013 and 2020. Five species are reported in Bangladesh for the first time: Bactrocera aethriobasis (Hardy), B. limbifera (Bezzi), B. melania (Hardy and Adachi), B. nigrifemorata Li and Wang, and Dacus jacobi David and Sachin. The attraction of B. nigrifemorata to cue-lure is a new male lure association. An annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species are provided.
879
Two subspecies of Cosmodela duponti (Dejean) (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) are elevated to species rank: Cosmodela barmanica (Gestro) and C. indica (Fleutiaux). The lectotypes of all the above-mentioned species are designated as well. Short redescriptions of the three species are provided together with a key, and illustrations of their habitus.
878
Nocturnal multi-species roosts of Cicindelidae (Coleoptera) in a Neotropical lowland rainforest
(2021)
Tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) are frequent predators on the forest floor of the Amazon rainforest. We report on five diurnal sympatric tiger beetle species belonging to the genera Odontocheila Laporte de Castelnau and Poecilochila Rivalier in a terra firme rainforest in South Venezuela. We observed adult beetles for a full year and monitored their nocturnal roosts along two forest paths during the rainy season in 1998. We found up to four species communally roosting on low vegetation along the paths during the night. Multi-species roosts were more often observed than conspecific communal roosts. Although the individual composition of the nocturnal roosts changed frequently, distinct plants were used for several days to weeks. The most individual-rich roosts comprised 10 or 11 adult tiger beetles roosting on one leaf. Observed nocturnal roosts were dominated by O. angulipenis W. Horn and O. margineguttata (Dejean). Most mixed roosts included O. confusa (Dejean), O. angulipenis and O. margineguttata. Low abundances and size differences possibly facilitate the coexistence of these five tiger beetle species. The advantage of communal roosting during the rainy season is probably the reinforcement of their chemical defense.
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875
Emarginata Ballantyne, 2019 (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae), is found to be a junior homonym of the bird genus Emarginata Shelley, 1896 (Avis: Passeriformes: Muscicapidae). The new replacement name Emarginoptyx Ballantyne is provided for the SE Asian genus Emarginata Ballantyne, leading to one new combination, Emarginoptyx trilucida (Jeng, Yang and Lai, 2003).
874
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The present study provides an important contribution to the knowledge of the geographic distribution of Xestotrachelus Bruner, 1913 (Orthoptera: Romaleidae: Romaleini), a monotypic genus comprised of Xestotrachelus robustus (Bruner, 1911) that has a wide geographic distribution in Brazil. Specimens were collected at the Panga Ecological Reserve, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, in the Brazilian Cerrado. We provide a key to distinguish Xestotrachelus from other genera found in South America.
871
870
The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major pest of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., both in Asia where it is native, and in the USA where it is adventive. The rapid spread and establishment of the soybean aphid in the USA since its discovery in 2000 was successful because of extensive soybean production in the Midwest and the wide distribution of common buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica (L.), its preferred primary winter host. The survivorship of four soybean aphid biotypes on common and glossy buckthorn, Frangula alnus Mill., were compared. Our study showed that nymph oviparae of soybean aphid biotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 reached adulthood and produced eggs on glossy buckthorn. When comparing morphs between the hosts, greater numbers were recorded on common than glossy buckthorn, with one exception where the number of eggs per bud for soybean aphid biotype 2 was not different between the hosts. We found for the first-time soybean aphid biotypes 2 and 3 apterous males produced on common and glossy buckthorn. Morphological descriptions of live and mounted alate and apterous males are presented.
869
New adult host records of Agrilus langei Obenberger, A. pilosicollis Fisher, and Dicerca mutica LeConte (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) are reported. The known geographic range of A. pilosicollis is expanded from the type location in Kansas south to Texas and east to North Carolina. Images with key characters of each of the three species are included.
868
We recognize and review 40 species of Chlamydastis Meyrick, 1916 (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae) from Costa Rica, including four previously described (i.e., C. vividella (Busck, 1914), revived status; C. phytoptera (Busck, 1914); C. orion Busck, 1920; and C. ungulifera (Meyrick, 1929)) and 36 new species: C. abelulatei Phillips and Brown, new species; C. carolinagodoyae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. angelsolisi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. lindapitkinae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. iangauldi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. anniapicadoae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. antonioazofeifai Phillips and Brown, new species; C. mignondavisae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. marianofigueresi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. colleenhitchcockae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. bernardoespinozai Phillips and Brown, new species; C. bobandersoni Phillips and Brown, new species; C. carlosviquezi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. christerhanssoni Phillips and Brown, new species; C. christhompsoni Phillips and Brown, new species; C. paulhansoni Phillips and Brown, new species; C. elenaulateae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. gladysrojasae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. powelli Phillips and Brown, new species; C. gracewoodae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. juanmatai Phillips and Brown, new species; C. isidrochaconi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. jimlewisi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. jimmilleri Phillips and Brown, new species; C. montywoodi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. johnnoyesi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. luisdiegogomezi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. paulthiaucourti Phillips and Brown, new species; C. dondavisi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. irenecanasae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. manuelzumbadoi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. noramartinae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. vitorbeckeri Phillips and Brown, new species; C. ronaldzunigai Phillips and Brown, new species; C. munifigueresae Phillips and Brown, new species; and C. willsflowersi Phillips and Brown, new species.COI nucleotide sequences (“DNA barcodes”) were obtained for 33 of the species, which helped associate males with females for sexually dimorphic species and revealed a few cryptic, presumably evolutionary siblings. We illustrate adults of all species, along with their male and female genitalia, where available.Nineteen species were reared from caterpillars, and their foodplants are listed. In Costa Rica, 15 species of Chlamydastis are recorded exclusively from Sapotaceae; one species each exclusively from Clethraceae, Vochysiaceae, Combretaceae, and Melastomataceae. Larvae are illustrated for 10 of the 36 new species, and superficial larval descriptions are provided based on photographs and notes. Of the 40 species of Chlamydastis reported from Costa Rica, 32 have been light-collected or reared from Área de Conservación Guanacaste.
867
The relationship between the beetle family Eucnemidae and the parasitic proctotrupoid family Vanhorniidae is discussed. The only proven host for Vanhornia eucnemidarum Crawford in North America is an undetermined species of the genus Isorhipis Boisduval and Lacordaire. In Europe, the only known host for Vanhornia leileri Hedqvist is Hylis cariniceps (Reitter). The biologies of the hosts differ radically and it appears unlikely that they could be parasitized in a typical proctotrupoid fashion in which eggs are placed in or on the host larva. This supports the hypothesis that small Vanhorniidae larvae attach themselves to the newly hatched beetle larvae, before they enter the wood on which they feed. The taxonomy of the genus Vanhornia Crawford is briefly discussed.
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865
A new genus, Cicatrisphaerion Lingafelter, Morris, Skillman, and Santos-Silva (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), and three new species of the same authorship, C. wappesi from Quintana Roo, Mexico, C. rileyi from Chiapas, Mexico, and Eupogonius wappesi from Quintana Roo, Mexico, are described. New records and clarification on the distribution of Psyrassaforma janzeni Chemsak, 1991 and P. nitida Chemsak, 1991 are provided. Ameriphoderes amoena (Chemsak and Linsley, 1979) is redescribed based on four male specimens and a new country record from Guatemala is documented. New distributional records are provided for Estola flavobasalis Breuning, 1940 (including a new country record for Bolivia) and Estola vittulata Bates, 1874. A redescription and new distributional record are provided for Eupogonius flavovittatus Breuning, 1940 based on a female specimen.
864
The tribe Platynini (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalinae) is revised for New Zealand. Eight genera and forty-three species are recognized. Four genera and sixteen species are described as new: Ctenognathus davidsoni Larochelle and Larivière new species, Ctenognathus earlyi Larochelle and Larivière new species, Ctenognathus garnerae Larochelle and Larivière new species, Ctenognathus hoarei Larochelle and Larivière new species, Ctenognathus kaikoura Larochelle and Larivière new species, Ctenognathus marieclaudiae Larochelle new species, Ctenognathus perumalae Larochelle and Larivière new species, Ctenognathus takahe Larochelle and Larivière new species, Ctenognathus tawanui Larochelle and Larivière new species, Ctenognathus tepaki Larochelle and Larivière new species, Ctenognathus urewera Larochelle and Larivière new species, Kiwiplatynus Larochelle and Larivière new genus, Kiwiplatynus taranaki Larochelle and Larivière new species, Kupeplatynus Larochelle and Larivière new genus, Maoriplatynus Larochelle and Larivière new genus, Maoriplatynus marrisi Larochelle and Larivière new species, Prosphodrus mangamuka Larochelle and Larivière new species, Prosphodrus sirvidi Larochelle and Larivière new species, Prosphodrus waimana Larochelle and Larivière new species, Tuiplatynus Larochelle and Larivière new genus. Lectotypes are designated for twelve taxa: Anchomenus adamsi Broun, 1886, Anchomenus colensonis White, 1846, Anchomenus feredayi Bates, 1874, Anchomenus helmsi Sharp, 1881, Anchomenus intermedius Broun, 1908, Anchomenus macrocoelis Broun, 1908, Anchomenus munroi Broun, 1893, Anchomenus sophronitis Broun, 1908, Colpodes crenatus Chaudoir, 1878, Colpodes neozelandicus Chaudoir, 1878, Ctenognathus littorellus Broun, 1908, and Ctenognathus pictonensis Sharp, 1886.Six new combinations are established: Ctenognathus bidens (Chaudoir, 1878) = Kiwiplatynus bidens (Chaudoir, 1878); Ctenognathus crenatus (Chaudoir, 1878) = Kupeplatynus crenatus (Chaudoir, 1878); Ctenognathus lucifugus (Broun, 1886) = Kupeplatynus lucifugus (Broun, 1886); Ctenognathus sulcitarsis (Broun, 1880) = Kupeplatynus sulcitarsis (Broun, 1880); Ctenognathus libitus (Broun, 1914) = Tuiplatynus libitus (Broun, 1914); Ctenognathus sophronitis (Broun, 1908) = Tuiplatynus sophronitis (Broun, 1908).Fifteen new synonymies are established: Ctenognathus littorellus Broun, 1908 = Ctenognathus adamsi(Broun, 1886); Anchomenus parabilis Broun, 1880 = Ctenognathus cardiophorus (Chaudoir, 1878); Anchomenus integratus Broun, 1908 = Ctenognathus colensonis (White, 1846); Anchomenus macrocoelis Broun, 1908 = Ctenognathus edwardsii (Bates, 1874); Ctenognathus actochares Broun, 1894 = Ctenognathus elevatus(White, 1846); Anchomenus punctulatus Broun, 1877, Anchomenus montivagus Broun, 1880, Anchomenus perrugithorax Broun, 1880, Anchomenus politulus Broun, 1880, Anchomenus suborbithorax Broun, 1880, and Colpodes neozelandicus Chaudoir, 1878 = Ctenognathus novaezelandiae (Fairmaire, 1843); Ctenognathus simmondsi Broun, 1912 = Ctenognathus pictonensis Sharp, 1886; Anchomenus (Platynus) cheesemani Broun, 1880 and Calathus deformipes Broun, 1880 = Kupeplatynus crenatus (Chaudoir, 1878); Anchomenus munroi Broun, 1893 = Kupeplatynus lucifugus (Broun, 1886). Ctenognathus elevatus (White, 1846), previously synonymized with Ctenognathus novaezelandiae (Fairmaire, 1843), is reinstated as full species. A revision of all taxa is provided. Descriptions, identification keys, illustrations of male genitalia, habitus photos, distributional data and maps are given. Extensive information on ecology, biology, dispersal power, and collecting techniques is included for each species.
863
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861
Peru’s Cosñipata Region in Cuzco and Madre de Dios Departments is a valley between Manu National Park and the Amarakaeri Communal Reserve that ranges from 400 to 4,000 m elevation. A team of experienced lepidopterists sampled the butterfly fauna of this valley for more than a decade (7,440 field person-hours). We analyze the data for Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea), a family for which we have taxonomic expertise. After adding data on the fauna from museums and the literature, we present an annotated checklist of the 340 Lycaenidae species recorded from the Cosñipata Region with notes for each species on the elevations and seasons at which it occurs, adult behavior, and sampled relative abundance. Species richness is twice that recorded for Trinidad or Brazil’s Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, each of which also has a mix of low, mid, and high elevation habitats. There was an average of 8.3 adult specimens per species in the fieldwork sample. For those species with more than 8 specimens, the median elevational range was 1,100 m. Species richness in low elevation habitats was greater than that at mid or high elevations, which is contrary to findings for some other Neotropical insects. We present evidence why further sampling is likely to increase this difference. Maximal adult species richness occurs during the transition from dry to wet seasons (September to November) at all elevations, but there is little evidence that adults of species occur only during this season. Sampled relative abundances were skewed so that 70% of the species were encountered less frequently than average (1/340). These results are consistent with the observation that most species are rarely encountered using standard sampling methods.
860
A new species of ant-mimicking spider of the subfamily Castianeirinae, Myrmecotypus rubrofemoratus Perger and Rubio, new species (Araneae: Corinnidae), is described from the Pre-Andean area of the Bolivian orocline. Adults of M. rubrofemoratus new species resemble the carpenter ant Camponotus femoratus Forel, 1907, which is considered one of the most aggressive ants in the world.
859
Two species of palm-leaf skeletonizers (Lepidoptera: Pterolonchidae: Homaledra Busck) that are invasive in Florida, USA are newly described. Homaledra howardi new species is described from Florida and the Dominican Republic. Homaledra knudsoni new species is described from Florida, southern Texas, and Mexico. A lectotype is designated for Homaledra sabalella (Chambers). The three are diagnosed and compared with other congeners, and Homaledra is compared with other Pterolonchidae. The larvae of the three common species feed on epidermis of palm foliage, causing significant damage.
858
A world catalogue and bibliography of the family Cybocephalidae (Coleoptera) is presented. The catalogue contains 207 species within 16 genera. Each taxon is accompanied by a complete taxonomic history, including a full annotated synonymy with original references cited. The reversal of the recent synonymy of Cybocephalus brevis Grouvelle over Cybocephalus minimus Grouvelle is proposed. Cybocephalus aeneus Reiche is removed from synonymy with Cybocephalus micans Reitter and considered incertae sedis.
857
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855
Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) benwarneri new species and Cinacanthus cunninghami new species(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) are described from dune systems in northern Arizona and extreme southern Nevada, USA. Habitus and diagnostic characters of these species are illustrated, and couplets from the respective, most recent (sub)generic keys are modified to incorporate the new species. Available habits and habitat information for each species, and a discussion of the Phyllophaga “senex complex” of species are provided.
854
New World species of the histerid beetle genus Xestipyge Marseul (Coleoptera: Histeridae: Dendrophilinae: Paromalini) are reviewed, and X. skelleyi, new species, is described. A dichotomous key and illustrations are provided as identification means for the now five included species from the Western Hemisphere.
852
A new montane species of Vaejovis C.L. Koch (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae) is described from the Sierra Madre Occidental of Durango, Mexico. Vaejovis baggins Azzinnari, Bryson, Graham, Solís-Rojas, and Sissom, new species,is similar to mexicanus group species in the mountain range, including V. montanus Graham and Bryson, V. sierrae Sissom, Graham, Donaldson, and Bryson, and V. mcwesti Sissom, Graham, Donaldson, and Bryson, but differs from these species based on aspects of body size, pedipalp carination, chelae granulation, morphometrics, and setal patterns on the metasoma. A molecular clock estimate indicates that the new species shared a common ancestor with V. mcwesti during the late Miocene or Pliocene.
851
The genus Stenaspis Audinet-Serville, 1834 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderini) is recharacterized by providing additional morphological features to enhance the definition of this genus. Stenaspis plagiata Waterhouse, 1877 is transferred to Crioprosopus Audinet-Serville, 1834, new combination, and the latest key to species of Crioprosopus is modified. A key to the genera of Group III-Stenaspes with “abruptly separated anteocular space,” and a key to species of Stenaspis is provided. Color illustrations of the available species are included. Stenaspis lingafelteri Eya, new species, from Mexico is described.
850
To respond to the growing risk from Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), the migratory fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), the National Fall Armyworm Surveillance Program (NFASP) for early detection for this pest ran from April to November during 2019 and 2020. The fall armyworm surveillance program involved seasonal monitoring of the pest with pheromone traps placed in fields of cereal crops at high-risk locations. The trapping season ran from early spring to late autumn, with a total deployment of 396 traps. During the survey of 2019 to 2020, a total of 120 male adults of S. frugiperda were captured in these surveillance traps placed in South Korea. Eradication treatments using primary pesticide sprays were applied. Based on a subsequent monitoring and evaluation survey carried out simultaneously, the results indicated that the pest had been eradicated from these localities. Additionally, 20 non-target moth species were captured in the surveillance traps.
849
848
Within Nearctic Cicindelidae, Cicindelini, Eunota togata (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1841) (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) exists as several distinct phenotypes, some described as subspecies whose taxonomic status has been misinterpreted. Eunota togata togata applies to adults marked with broadly sinuate inner margins on shiny brown elytra common across northern coastal Gulf of Mexico. Eunota togata fascinans (Casey,1914), new synonymy, incorrectly applied to populationsin western Texas and New Mexico, United States, is considered a junior synonym of E. togata globicollis (Casey,1913), the predominant subspecies with broadly sinuate inner margins on coppery elytra found from eastern New Mexico and western Texas into the Southern Great Plains of North America. Eunota togata leucophasma, new subspecies, is comprised of adults with mostly white elytra that are isolated in Hudspeth County, Texas, and Doña Ana, Otero, and Torrance Counties, New Mexico. Intergrades between E. togata globicollis and E. togata leucophasma, new subspecies, are found sporadically in eastern New Mexico and western Texas; however, suggested intergrades between E. togata globicollis and E. togata togata in western Texas are reinterpreted as more typical of intergrades farther north in New Mexico. Adults marked with acutely sinuate inner margins on darker elytra found only in northcentral Kansas to southeast Nebraska should be referred to as E. togata latilabris (Willis,1967), new status. All subspecies are collectively known as the white-cloaked tiger beetle. Geological conditions influencing development of saline habitats and subsequent evolution of divergent white E. togata subspecies in Texas and New Mexico, and darker E. togata subspecies in Kansas and Nebraska, are discussed and compared to more uniformly marked E. togata subspecies found elsewhere in North America.
847
846
Eight new species of Hypothenemus Westwood (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are described from Brazil and Peru: H. subsulcatus Atkinson and Flechtmann new species, H. wilsoni Atkinson and Flechtmann new species, H. murariae Atkinson and Flechtmann new species, H. lunzi Atkinson and Flechtmann new species,H. cordeiroi Atkinson and Flechtmann new species, H. concavodeclivis Atkinson and Flechtmann new species, H. foelkelae Atkinson and Flechtmann new species, H. olzenoi Atkinson and Flechtmann new species. Fifteen species are recorded from Brazil for the first time, including H. aulmanni, a new record from the Western Hemisphere. New synonymies affecting Brazilian species include H. ebenus Wood 2007 = H. crudiae (Panzer, 1791) and Stephanoderes parallelus Hopkins 1915 = H. plumeriae (Nordlinger, 1856).
845
Three new species of Phaea Newman, 1840 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) are described from Mexico: P.quadrimaculata Wappes and Santos-Silva, new species; P.aurantia Wappes and Santos-Silva, new species; and the third, P.tavakiliani Wappes and Santos-Silva, new species, whose specimens were found within the type series of Phaea rufiventris Bates, 1872. Hence, a lectotype is designated for the latter and the new species is described herein.
844
taxia tibialis Schaeffer, 1908 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Pteropliini) is transferred to Bisaltes (Bisaltes) Thomson, 1868 (Apomecynini), new combination; the female is described for the first time. This extends the range of the genus, previously only known as far north as Costa Rica, to southern Texas. Bisaltes (Bisaltes) obliquatus Breuning, 1940 is found to be conspecific with Bisaltes (Bisaltes) uniformis Breuning, 1939, new synonymy, and recorded from Argentina and the Brazilian state of São Paulo. The holotypes of Esthlogena pulverea Bates, 1866, and Bisaltes posticalis Thomson, 1868 (currently, both synonyms of Bisaltes (Bisaltes) pulvereus) are illustrated for the first time. The holotype of Bisaltes (Bisaltes) bimaculatus Aurivillius, 1904, as well as ventral and lateral habitus of this species are illustrated for the first time and it is newly recorded from the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina.
827
Phyllophaga (Phyllophaga) badbunnyi Cano new species, and Phyllophaga (Phyllophaga) sechi Cano new species, of the Schizorhina species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae), are described and illustrated from specimens collected at cloud forests between 1300-1750m elevation of southeastern Chiapas, México andwestern Guatemala. A key to the Guatemalan and Chiapanecan species of Phyllophaga Harris, group Schizorhina, with dorsal finger-like projections of genital capsule, is provided.