Insecta Mundi
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0090
A taxonomic overview for the fritillary genus Speyeria Scudder (= Argynnis Fabricius) and its placement within the Heliconiinae (Nymphalidae) is presented. Taxonomic accounts, type images, and relevant literature for the 25 subspecies within the Speyeria atlantis (Edwards) and Speyeria hesperis (Edwards) complexes and the 16 nominate Speyeria species are included. Errors in nomenclature are identified, taxonomic, life history, and distributional information are updated, and type locality information is discussed. Images of primary type specimens for all 16 Speyeria species and the 25 subspecies in the atlantis - hesperis complexes appear together in color here for the first time. One new combination of a species-subspecies is created: Speyeria hesperis hanseni Emmel, Emmel, and Matoon, 1998, new combination, which was previously Speyeria atlantis hanseni Emmel, Emmel, and Matoon.
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0326
Five species of the aphid genus Sipha Passerini (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are reported in North America and are reviewed herein. Of these species, three are adventive species and include: Sipha elegans del Guercio, Sipha glyceriae (Kaltenbach), and Sipha maydis Passerini. Sipha maydis was discovered in California in 2007 and now has been found in Georgia. The genus also includes two native species: Sipha agropyronensis (Gillette) and Sipha flava (Forbes). Sipha maydis can be distinguished easily from all the other species in the genus that occur in North America because it is black. All the species except S. agropyronensis have been implicated in damage to crop plants. A key to the apterae and alatae of Sipha found in North America is included.
0379
Taxonomic revision of North American Eusphalerum Kraatz, 1857 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae)
(2014)
The North American species of the genus Eusphalerum Kraatz (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae) are revised. The taxonomic history, natural history, geographical distribution of the genus, characters, species groups, diversity, and biogeography of North American species are presented. Two main phylogenetic lineages and 13 species groups are provisionally recognized. The following new synonymies are proposed: Eusphalerum farrarae (Hatch, 1944) = E. lawrencei Hatch, 1957; Eusphalerum californicum (Fauvel, 1878) = E. atriventre (Casey, 1894), = E. nigerrimum (Casey, 1894), = E. gilvipenne (Casey, 1894), = E. dichroum (Fall, 1922), = E. bonnelli (Hatch, 1944), = E. lunae Hatch, 1957; Eusphalerum fraternum (Casey, 1894) = E. minskae (Hatch, 1944); Eusphalerum rugulosum (Mäklin, 1853) = E. grayae (Hatch, 1944); Eusphalerum orientale (Bernhauer, 1912) = E. frosti (Bernhauer, 1928). The following lectotypes are designated: E. subangulatum (Casey), E. californicum (Fauvel), E. gilvipenne (Casey), E. diversicolle (Casey), E. convexum (Fauvel), E. fraternum (Casey), E. horni (Fauvel), E. orientale (Bernhauer), E. pothos (Mannerheim), and E. punctatum (Casey). The following new species are described: Eusphalerum pilosum (California); E. klimaszewskii (British Columbia); E. chatzimanolisi (California); E. carolinensis (Kentucky, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia); E. caterinoi (California); E. luteipes (California); E. thayeranum (Alberta, British Columbia, Idaho, Indiana (doubtful record), Oregon, Washington); E. margaretae (Tennessee); E. newtoni (British Columbia, Oregon, California); E. parvispiculum (California, Oregon); E. uncinatum (British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington). Eusphalerum lapponicum (Mannerheim, 1830) is excluded from the North American fauna. The following new combination is proposed: Xylodromus segmentarius (Mäklin, 1852: 322) (ex Omalium), wrongly attributed to Eusphalerum in the literature. Omalium marginatum Say, 1832 is considered a doubtful species, probably not Eusphalerum. A key to the 27 recognized North American Eusphalerum species and a catalog of the species are provided.
0330
Cupido comyntas (Godart), the eastern tailed-blue, is a legume-feeding caterpillar native to North America. One of its three subspecies, Cupido comyntas comyntas (Godart), is distributed over the eastern half of the United States and southeastern Canada. This subspecies was recorded for the first time feeding on cultivated soybean. Caterpillars fed upon soybean at various developmental stages, ranging from seedlings to podded plants, in several fields within a 5-km radius in Brookings County, South Dakota, from July 1 – 25, 2013. Feeding was confined to leaves, and no pod damage was observed. The caterpillars occurred at relatively low densities that were unlikely to have affected yield of soybean crops. An early maturity soybean line, H007Y12, had a lower incidence of C. comyntas comyntas caterpillars than a relatively later maturity line, H19Y11. Butterflies of C. comyntas comyntas were observed feeding from soybean flowers on multiple dates in July and early August. As the geographic distribution of C. comyntas comyntas considerably overlaps the area where soybean is grown, entomologists should watch for and document any additional infestation of soybean by these caterpillars.
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Four species of mole crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae) are known from the West Indies: Neocurtilla hexadactyla (Perty), Scapteriscus abbreviatus Scudder, S. didactylus (Latreille), and S. imitatus Nickle and Castner. All are adventive (not native). We document their distributions in West Indian islands/countries by use of records from the literature and examination of specimens. Scapteriscus abbreviatus has been suggested to have arrived in, and been transported about the West Indies in ship ballast (immigration). Based on records of arrival in various parts of the West Indies and the species’ inability to fly, this suggestion seems reasonable. Scapteriscus imitatus pparently was released in Puerto Rico as a result of mistaken identification (introduction – arriving with assistance from humans – although inadvertent), and has not expanded its range in the West Indies. Although the principal mode of dispersal for the other two species also has been suggested to be ship ballast, we present an alternative based on flight which would seem at least equally as plausible. We suggest that S. didactylus could have dispersed by flight from South America through the Lesser Antilles; likewise N. hexadactyla probably from the Yucatan Peninsula to Cuba, and from South America northward through the Lesser Antilles, in at least some localities assisted by wind. Our zoogeographical alternative, if correct, means that the natural range expansions of these latter two species began very long ago and without human assistance – they were not introduced recently to the West Indies.
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Species of Hydrosmecta C. G. Thomson, occurring in eastern Canada, are studied and reviewed. Six species are recognized, and two of them are described as new to science. The new species are: Hydrosmecta canadensis Webster and Klimaszewski, new species, and Hydrosmecta minutissimoides Webster and Klimaszewski, new species. Two species described in the USA are recorded from Canada and New Brunswick for the first time: Hydrosmecta caduca Casey and Hydrosmecta dulcis Casey. New distribution and collection data, diagnoses, a key for species identification, and images of habitus and genital structures are provided. Hydrosmecta newfoundlandica Klimaszewski and Langor, 2011, is transferred to the genus Atheta Thomson based on morphology of genital structures.
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A new subgenus, Hydrosmectomorpha Klimaszewski and Webster, of the genus Atheta C. G. Thomson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) is erected to accommodate three new species and Atheta newfoundlandica (Klimaszewski and Langor). The new species are: Atheta (Hydrosmectomorpha) meduxnekeagensis Webster and Klimaszewski, new species; Atheta (Hydrosmectomorpha) quebecensis Webster and Klimaszewski, new species, Atheta (Hydrosmectomorpha) vincenti Webster and Klimaszewski, new species. The new species are described, illustrated, and a key is provided. Atheta newfoundlandica (Klimaszewski and Langor), was recently transferred from Hydrosmecta C.G. Thomson to an unspecified subgenus of Atheta. New habitat/collection data are presented for the treated species.
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The taxonomy of Nearctic tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) is reviewed in light of modern systematics research. Despite decades of published molecular phylogenies, the taxonomic nomenclature has not been formally updated since the 1950s. We generated a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on three mitochondrial gene fragments (16S, COX3 and CytB) to address the placement of Nearctic taxa that were not included in recent studies; these species were historically contained within Cylindera Westwood, 1831, a polyphyletic genus. Here we describe Parvindela Duran and Gough, new genus, and propose 20 new combinations based on a plurality of data, including our topology, prior molecular phylogenetic studies, morphology and ecology: Apterodela unipunctata (Fabricius, 1775) new combination; Brasiella praecisa (Bates, 1890) new combination; Brasiella viridisticta (Bates, 1881) new combination; Cicindela amargosae (Dahl, 1939) new combination; Cicindela senilis (G. Horn, 1866) new combination; Cicindela willistoni (LeConte, 1879) new combination; Eunota californica (Menetries, 1883) new combination; Eunota circumpicta (LaFerte, 1841) new combination; Eunota fulgoris (Casey, 1913) new combination; Eunota gabbii (G. Horn, 1866) new combination; Eunota pamphila (LeConte, 1873) new combination; Eunota praetextata (LeConte, 1854) new combination; Eunota severa (LaFerte, 1841) new combination; Eunota striga (LeConte, 1875) new combination; Parvindela debilis (Bates, 1890) new combination; Parvindela celeripes (LeConte, 1848) new combination; Parvindela cursitans (LeConte, 1860) new combination; Parvindela terricola (Say, 1824) new combination; Parvindela nephelota (Bates, 1882) new combination; Parvindela lunalonga (Schaupp, 1884) new combination.
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In the course of working on new species of North American Phyllophaga Harris, 1827 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) some synonyms have been found and are proposed here. New synonymies: Phyllophaga knausii (Schaeffer, 1907) is synonymized with Phyllophaga sociata (Horn, 1878); Phyllophaga chippewa Saylor, 1939 is synonymized with Phyllophaga rugosa (Melsheimer, 1845); and Phyllophaga falta Sanderson, 1950 is synonymized with Phyllophaga bipartita (Horn, 1887). Lectotypes are here designated for the following species: Listrochelus knausii Schaeffer, Listrochelus sociatus Horn, and Lachnosterna bipartita Horn. A neotype for Ancylonycha rugosa Melsheimer is here designated from the Horn Collection.
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Reinstatement of Carposina ottawana Kearfott, 1907 (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae) as a valid species
(2020)
Carposina ottawana Kearfott, 1907 (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae), revised status, formerly considered a synonym of C. sasakii Matsumura, 1900, is returned to species status. Morphological features that separate the Asian species C. sasakii and C. niponensis Walsingham, 1900 from the North American C. ottawana are described and illustrated. A heuristic maximum likelihood (ML) analysis based on the mitochondrial gene cyto-chrome oxidase I (DNA barcode) further supports C. ottawana and C. sasakii as distinct taxa.
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Cyrtinus pygmaeus (Haldeman, 1847) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) is redescribed and newly recorded from Mexico. The female of Decarthria stephensii Hope, 1834 is also redescribed, the number of specimens in the type series is corrected, as is the depository of the types, and the species is newly recorded from Dominica. Two new species of Cyrtinus LeConte, 1852 are described from Mexico: C. fisheri Wappes, Santos-Silva and Nascimento; and C. howdeni Wappes, Santos-Silva and Nascimento. A key to species of Decarthria Hope, 1834 (adapted from an earlier key to Cyrtinini) is provided.
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The following new species of Eupogonius LeConte, 1852 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) are described: E. tlanchinolensis Wappes and Santos-Silva (Mexico, Hidalgo); E. albofasciatus Wappes and Santos- Silva (Mexico, Puebla); E. sonorensis Wappes and Santos-Silva (Mexico, Sonora); E. guerrerensis Wappes and Santos-Silva (Mexico, Guerrero); E. boteroi Wappes and Santos-Silva (Mexico, Guerrero); E. nascimentoi Wappes and Santo-Silva (Mexico, Jalisco and Colima); and E. monzoni Wappes and Santos-Silva (Guatemala, Alta Verapaz). Additionally, a detailed description of the female of Eupogonius fulvovestitus Schaeffer, 1905 is provided for the first time, along with notes on the likely host of the species. New state records in Mexico are provided for Eupogonius comus Bates, 1885, and E. stellatus Chemsak and Noguera, 1995. Other taxonomic or nomenclatural actions included herein are: Eupogonius knabi Fisher, 1925 is transferred to Atelodesmis Chevrolat, 1841, new combination; the gender of the species-group name in Eupogonius azteca Martins, Santos-Silva and Galileo, 2015 is commented on; notes on the geographical distribution of Eupogonius affinis Breuning, 1942, and the problematic morphology of E. infimus (Thomson, 1868) are presented; Eupogonius subaeneus Bates, 1872, and E. marmoratus Fisher, 1925 are revalidated, and E. columbianus Breuning, 1942 is a new synonym of E. subaeneus”.
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Three new species of Phaea Newman, 1840 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) are described from Mexico: P.quadrimaculata Wappes and Santos-Silva, new species; P.aurantia Wappes and Santos-Silva, new species; and the third, P.tavakiliani Wappes and Santos-Silva, new species, whose specimens were found within the type series of Phaea rufiventris Bates, 1872. Hence, a lectotype is designated for the latter and the new species is described herein.
953
Megapsyrassa Linsley, 1961 is synonymized with Psyrassa Pascoe, 1866 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Aneflomorpha martini Chemsak and Linsley, 1968 is synonymized with Psyrassa sinaloae Linsley, 1935, and the species is transferred to Aneflomorpha Casey, 1912, new combination. Morphological and chromatic variations in Psyrassa cylindricollis Linsley, 1935 are reported, and a new state record is provided. New records are provided for the following species: Psyrassa atkinsoni (Chemsak and Giesbert, 1986) new combination; P. ebenina Linsley, 1935; and P. nigripes Linsley, 1935. Lastly, four new species of Psyrassa Pascoe, 1866 are described: Psyrassa wappesi García and Santos-Silva, from Mexico (Michoacán); P. sonorensis García and Santos-Silva, from Mexico (Sonora); P. obscuriventris García and Santos-Silva, from Mexico (Jalisco); and P. ocularis García and Santos-Silva, from Guatemala (Zacapa).
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:194F7545-EF7C-44B7-9783-286A8BDEB1EC
1012
Acmaeodera natlovei new species (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is described from the southwestern United States. Details of phenology, geographic range, larval, flower and adult host plants, and similar species are discussed. Acmaeodera yuccavora Knull, 1962 is newly synonymized with Acmaeodera conoidea Fall, 1899. Acmaeodera thoracata Knull, 1974 and A. bryanti Van Dyke, 1953 are newly synonymized with Acmaeodera neoneglecta Fisher, 1949. New state and host records are reported for United States. A key to the 46 species of Acmaeodera occurring east of the Rocky Mountain states is provided.
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E03CF02E-D212-4AF1-8E3B-5AE3463D2A71
990
A new species of Acmaeodera Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) from southern Nevada, USA
(2023)
A new species of Acmaeodera Eschscholtz, 1829, A. raschkoi Westcott (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is described from southern Nevada, USA, and compared to four other species in the genus. Its habitat and means of capture are discussed in detail.
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6EA78E6C-AD58-470B-9E9B-2815EA0B9340