Insecta Mundi
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We treat 50 species of Pseudococcus Westwood (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) found in Central and South America. Sixteen new species are described and illustrated: Pseudococcus acaena Granara de Willink n. sp., P. bahiensis Granara de Willink n. sp., P. calchaquii Granara de Willink n. sp., P. chaquensis Granara de Willink n. sp., P. colombiensis Granara de Willink n. sp., P. cubaensis Granara de Willink n. sp., P. cuyoensis Granara de Willink n. sp., P. debilis Granara de Willink n. sp., P. dumetum Granara de Willink n. sp., P. insuetus Granara de Willink n. sp., P. lanatii Granara de Willink, n. sp., P. neuquenensis Granara de Willink n. sp., P. occultus Granara de Willink n. sp., P. panamaensis Granara de Willink n. sp., P. salazari Granara de Willink n. sp. and P. scatoterrae Granara de Willink n. sp. The new species are distributed in Argentina (9 spp.), Colombia (3 spp.), Brazil (2), Uruguay (2), Cuba (1), Panama (1) and Peru (1). Diagnostic characters and illustrations of 34 additional species are provided: Pseudococcus agavis McGregor, P. apomicrocirculus Gimpel and Miller, P. calceolariae (Maskell), P. comstocki (Kuwana), P. cribata González, P. cryptus Hempel, P. donrileyi Gimpel and Miller, P. elisae Borchsenius, P. eriocereus Williams, P. espeletiae Williams and Granara de Willink, P. galapagoensis Morrison, P. importatus McKenzie, P. insularis Morrison, P. jackbeardsleyi Gimpel and Miller, P. landoi (Balachowsky), P. longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti), P. mandio Williams, P. maritimus (Ehrhorn), P. meridionalis Prado, P. microcirculus McKenzie, P. nakaharai Gimpel and Miller, P. neomicrocirculus Gimpel and Miller, P. odermatti Miller and Williams, P. pabulum Granara de Willink, P. peregrinabundus Borchsenius, P. puertoricensis Gimpel and Miller, P. rosangelae Pacheco da Silva and Kaydan, P. saccharicola Takahashi, P. schusteri Gimpel and Miller, P. spanocera Gimpel and Miller, P. sociabilis Hambleton, P. solenedyos Gimpel and Miller, P. sorghiellus (Forbes) and P. viburni (Signoret). Five species from Argentina, two species from Jamaica and one species from Suriname are cited for the first time. Sixty-three figures, corresponding to the known species, their variations and new species cited for the region are included. A list of host plants containing 77 plant families and 355 species is included. An updated list of host plants and the distribution of some species of the genus is provided.
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Adults of the Neotropical genera Beltia Jacoby (type species: Beltia nicaraguensis Jacoby) and Colaspoides Laporte (type species: Colaspoides limbata [Olivier]) (Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae: Eumolpini) are difficult to separate. In this paper, the genus Beltia Jacoby is redefined and diagnosed by features of the pygidium, lateral wings of the prosternum, and metatibiae to distinguish it from Colaspoides and other medium-sized, ovate Eumolpini. Fourteen new species from Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru are described and illustrated—Beltia awapita, B. confusa, B. gorgona, B. herreri, B. ledesmae, B. napoensis, B. osa, B. rugosa, B. sanchezae, B. talaga, B. tilarana, B. tisingalita, B. tsachila and B. vacilona. A key and range maps for all species recognized herein are provided. Colaspoides placidula Bechyne, Colaspoides placidula angustomarginata Bechyne, Colaspoides chiriquensis Jacoby, and Colaspoides weyrauchi Bechyne are transferred to Beltia and redescribed. Colaspoides turrialbana Bechyne is synonymized with B. chiriquensis, and Colaspoides chanchamaya Bechyne is synonomized with B. weyrauchi. Morphological similarities with Beltia indicate that Old World Colaspoides also should be removed from Colaspoides s. str.
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The life history of Enaphalodes archboldi Lingafelter and Chemsak (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is described in detail based on observations from Marion County, Florida. Notes on the life history of Enaphalodes bingkirki Lingafelter and Santos-Silva from Honduras are also provided. Enaphalodes bingkirki is reported from Honduras for the first time.
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Cylindera (Cylinderina) sierramadrensis Wiesner and Dheurle, new species (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) is described from Luzon. Re-descriptions of the other seven species of this subgenus (C. (C.) nanula (Horn, 1937), C. (C.) nana (Schaum, 1862), C. (C.) pseudonana (Horn, 1924), C. (C.) werneri Wiesner, 1988, C. (C.) rothschildi (Horn, 1896), C. (C.) genieri Cassola and Werner, 2003, C. (C.) vandenberghei Dheurle, 2016) are provided together with a key and pictures of their habitus, labrum and aedeagus.
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This study evaluated the population variation of Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and associated parasitoids in Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae) groves located in the municipality of Barra do Ribeiro (30°30'54.95?S; 51°30'20.84?W), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Eight samples were collected during the four seasons from November 2015 until October 2017; four branches with approximately 20 leaves were taken from 12 olive trees (four each from Arbequina, Arbosana and Koroneiki varieties). The collected material was placed in plastic bags and taken to the laboratory for further study. Scale insects were slide-mounted and were identified according to morphological characteristics of the adult female. Parts of two branches and 40 leaves of each variety infested with scale insects were sectioned and placed inside glass tubes, labeled, capped with cotton, kept in the laboratory at room temperature and examined daily to verify the emergence of parasitoids. Parasitoid specimens studied were critical point dried from ethanol and point-mounted. Some specimens were slide mounted in Canada balsam for more detailed study. In all samples, the presence of H. lataniae, as well as six associated parasitoid species, were identified. Metaphycus flavus (Howard) is recorded for the first time as a parasitoid of H. lataniae. Two other scale insects were also identified: Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni Tozzetti) (Diaspididae) and Saissetia coffeae (Walker) (Coccidae), but the population data of these did not permit statistical analysis. A key to identify the scale insect species recorded on olive trees in Brazil, based on adult females, is provided.
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Coniopterygidae are the smallest members of the order Neuroptera and are often overlooked by collec-tors. Consequently, distribution of many species within North America north of Mexico is poorly known, even at the state level. Currently 57 species (five adventive) are recognized from North America. Of those, 30 are reported from a single state or province. Conversely, 12 states and provinces have no published records of Coniopterygidae. More than 600 specimens of adult coniopterygids were identified and numerous new state records were deter-mined. An updated list of species state-level distribution is provided.
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A specimen of Melitoma taurea (Say) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) was captured on Hart-Miller Island, Chesapeake Bay, Baltimore County, Maryland. The specimen possessed the typical three submarginal cells on the right forewing but exhibited four submarginal cells on the left forewing due to the presence of an additional submarginal crossvein dividing the second submarginal cell. The presence of four submarginal cells is a rare oc-currence in bees. Besides documenting this occurrence, this paper presents a summary of known published and previously unpublished records of atypical and variable numbers of submarginal cells. Published records were found for 66 species: Colletidae (1), Andrenidae (28),Halictidae (19), and Apidae (18). In four instances,pub-lished records were also found at the genus or subgenus level. Previously unpublished records are reported for 29 species: Colletidae (1), Andrenidae (5), Halictidae (13), and Apidae (10). Previously unpublished records are also shown for six specimens that are only identified to genus or subgenus. Twelve-and-one-third percent of the specimens with atypical numbers of submarginal cells would normally have had two submarginal cells; 87.7% would normally have had three submarginal cells. Approximately, 49.4% of the specimens had atypical numbers on one wing, and approximately 50.6% had atypical numbers on both wings. Of the normally two submarginal cell specimens, 80.0% gained and 20.0% lost one submarginal crossvein. Of the normally three submarginal cell specimens, 1.4% gained one submarginal crossvein and 98.6% lost one or more submarginal crossveins.
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The status of genera and species in the stag beetle tribe Aesalini (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Aesalinae) is revised. The Asian subgenus Zelenkaesalus Krikken, formerly included within Echinoaesalus Zelenka, is elevated to generic level based on the presence of complete ventral sulci and the form of the ocular canthus. This results in the following new combinations: Z. cechovskyi (Huang et al.), Z. gedeensis (Huang and Wu), Z. javanus (Krikken), Z. sabahensis (Zelenka), and Z. timidus (Krikken). Zelenkaesalus pazuzus Paulsen, new species, is described from the Philippines and is the first record of the subfamily for the country. A new genus Strabaesalus is created for species of Echinoaesalus that have a narrow dorsal lobe of the eye, acuminate clypeus, and lack abdominal sulci. This results in the following new combinations: S. borneoensis (Huang and Imura), S. hidakai (Araya et al.), and S. schuhi (Zelenka). In the Americas, Trogellus trajectus Paulsen, new species, is described from southern Panama. The male habitus and male genitalia of Trogellus maesi Paulsen are illustrated for the first time.
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Phorodon cannabis Passerini (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Macrosiphini) is reported for the first time as a pest of Cannabis L. crops in North America. The insect has been confirmed from fields of industrial hemp in Colorado and Virginia and has been found present within greenhouses in at least several American states and one Canadian province. The generic position of the aphid species is discussed and other known members of the genus are ruled out. Phorodon cannabis is placed in genus Phorodon Passerini and subgenus (Diphorodon Börner). Phorodon persifoliae Shinji is transferred to Hyalopterus Koch as a nomen dubium.
661
We present an abundance-based checklist of Pennsylvania planthoppers (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea) compiled from available literature and 13,718 specimens. A substantial portion of the latter were bycatch from Lindgren funnel and panel traps intended to intercept wood-boring beetle species, and a directed survey for the spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula (White)). The known planthopper fauna of Pennsylvania consists of 10 families, 54 genera and 139 species including 34 new state species records (and 12 new genera). In an attempt to assess the level of completeness of this survey, we compiled an abundance-based checklist of planthopper species found in states adjacent to Pennsylvania and found similar numbers of planthopper species for each state (viz. Delaware 138 species, Maryland 147, New Jersey 145, New York 162 and Ohio 126), but the cumulative species list is comprised of 240 planthopper species, suggesting that the inventory for Pennsylvania and all adjacent states may be substantially incomplete.
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Euryuridae Pocock 1909 and Eurymerodesmidae Causey 1951, both endemic to the eastern/central United States (US), are incorporated into Xystodesmidae Cook 1895 and reduced to subfamilies and (sub)tribes n. stats. Euryurina and Melaphina Brolemann 1916, n. stats., are sister-taxa that differ primarily in epiproctal configurations and comprise Euryurini; sister-taxa Eurymerodesmina and Nannariina Hoffman 1964, n. stats., the latter transferred from Xystodesminae, comprise Eurymerodesmini, n. stat., in which plesiomorphic forms exhibit sublinear, "stick-like," and subapically curved/bent gonopodal acropodites with moderately-long to long hairs, often with distal tufts, on their “inner” surfaces. Additional transferrals include Wamokia Chamberlin from the xystodesmine tribe Xystocheirini to Xystodesmini (= Harpaphini), and Macellolophus Attems, from Xystodesmidae to Chelodesmidae. Except for Chonaphini, the term, "prefemoral process," has traditionally been assigned to the secondary and shorter telopodital projection regardless of its position, origin, or configuration. Homology of these different structures has never been demonstrated and requires investigation, but the multitude of differences suggests that they are not such and warrant different names, for example "femoral process," for the similarly positioned branches in Devillea Brölemann and Rhysodesmus Cook (Xystodesminae: Devilleini, Rhysodesmini). The latter tribe may be polyphyletic, and new tribes may be required for components with acicular "prefemoral processes" (Boraria and Cherokia, both by Chamberlin, Gyalostethus and Erdelyia, both by Hoffman, and Pleuroloma Rafinesque) and the southeastern US genera with small-bodied species (Caralinda Hoffman and Gonoessa, Parvulodesmus, and Lourdesia, all by Shelley). Taxonomic value is accorded the "prefemoral extension/elongation," which is absent from Eurymerodesmina; complete, encircles the acropodite, and extends for ~1/3 to 1/2 of the latter’s lengths in Euryurini; and incomplete and extends for ~1/4 to 1/3 of the "outer" acropodital surfaces in Nannariina and xystodesmine tribes. Other newly recognized taxonomic characters include the "inner" and "outer" acropodital surfaces/margins, the position on the acropodital stem of the "distal curve/bend," and the length of the "distal zone." Rhysodesmus and Sigmoria (Rudiloria) t. trimaculata (Wood) (Xystodesminae: Rhysodesmini, Apheloriini) are recorded from, respectively, Chihuahua, Mexico, and Québec, Canada, as are Xystodesmidae/-inae and, provisionally, Chonaphini, Montaphe Chamberlin, and M. elrodi (Chamberlin), the only plausible taxa for an unidentifiable juvenile from near Yahk and only 2.5 km (1.6 mi) north of the International Border. The southern periphery of interior British Columbia (BC) thus represents the second xystodesmid faunal region in BC and the third in Canada. While incorporation of Euryuridae does not affect the family’s overall distribution, that of Eurymerodesmidae fundamentally alters it by joining the formerly separate East-Nearctic and Meso-American regions into a continuous one extending, north-south, from Montréal Island, Québec, to Santa Ana Department, El Salvador, a distance of around 4,944 km (3,090 mi). Xystodesmidae also inhabit two West-Nearctic regions, one in the interior stretching from southernmost BC to northeastern Oregon and the other running along the Pacific Coast from southern Alaska to southern California. The family also occupies two Palearctic regions, each with three subregions, an eastern one spreading from Hokkaido, Japan, and the southern Maritime Province, Russia, to Taiwan; a point locality in northern Vietnam; and southern/eastern China. The second Palearctic area extends along the Mediterranean and adjoining seas from Morocco, Sardinia, and the southeastern corner of France to Cyprus and southern coastal Turkey. New locality data, references, and maps are provided along with diagnostic accounts of all reconceptualized taxa and new/revived statuses.
A simple, sublinear, "stick-like" acropodite with a curve or bend near midlength or subapically and without a secondary telopodital projection is the hypothesized plesiomorphic gonopodal condition in Xystodesmidae. This form has undergone multitudinous modifications/alterations - twists, curls, variably configured thickened and laminate expansions, reductions, bi-/trifurcations, enlargements, ornamentations, etc. that are manifested in today’s xystodesmine tribes. When Avalonia collided with Baltica 450 million years ago, ancestral xystodesmoideans on the former dispersed into the latter, penetrated and occupied vacant niches, and evolved into today’s Melaphina (Euryurinae: Euryurini) and Devilleina (Xystodesminae). A similar evolutionary burst leading to today’s Nearctic and East-Palearctic faunas occurred 10 million years later when Avalonia + Baltica collided with Laurentia to form Euramerica. Ancestral forms of Euryurinae and Xystodesminae again penetrated vacant niches and evolved; the former maintained the general gonopodal structural pattern of Melaphina but changed the epiproct from triangular to broad and spatulate, thereby creating Euryurina. The earliest xystodesmine taxa to evolve in Laurentia were Rhysodesmini and Rhysodesmus, which spread southwestward, penetrated "proto- Mexico, and left relict populations in today’s southern Appalachians. Eurymerodesmina and Nannariina arose from ancestral euryurine stock prior to the Cretaceous in western Appalachia in their present area of overlap. The former dispersed to the west and south while the latter expanded to the east and north; consequently, the Western Inland Seaway minimally impacted Nannariina while eradicating Eurymerodesmina from the inundated area. Today’s populations in the Plains and south-southeastern states therefore represent secondary dispersion in the past 50-60 million years. The Seaway also eradicated Rhysodesmus from these areas, but enough forms survived in high mountain refugia to replenish the fauna when the embayment receded.
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Anomiopus cirulito Cano n. sp., from the tropical forest of the Mayan Biosphere Reserve, Petén, Guatemala is described. This is the northernmost known species of the genus Anomiopus Westwood (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) and is related to the Costa Rican and Panamanian Anomiopus panamensis (Paulian).
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Three Neotropical species are transferred to the genus Premnobius Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Ipini): Premnobius assiduus (Schedl, 1961, from Xyleborus), P. flechtmanni (Wood, 2007, from Acanthotomicus) and P. neoajunctus (Schedl, 1967, from Xyleborus). An illustrated key is presented for the native and introduced species of the genus known from the New World.
657
Four new species of Elaphidiini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) are described: Psyrassa vandenberghei Wappes, Botero and Santos-Silva, from Nicaragua; Psyrassa androwi Wappes, Botero and Santos-Silva, from Belize, Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Panama; Psyrassa vandevenderi Wappes, Botero and Santos-Silva, from Mexico; and Aneflomorpha monzoni Wappes, Botero and Santos-Silva, from Guatemala.
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Nomenclatural changes are proposed and herein implemented for several firefly taxa in the family Lampyridae (Coleoptera). Dates of publication are corrected for Lampyris brutia Costa, 1882, Diaphanes costulatus (Kolbe, 1897), Diaphanes fraternus (Kolbe, 1897), Diaphanes kilimanus (Kolbe, 1897), Diaphanes breviusculus (Kolbe, 1897) (a junior synonym of Diaphanes notaticollis E. Olivier), Diaphanes piligerus (Kolbe, 1897), Diaphanes planitianus (Kolbe, 1897), Diaphanes volkensi (Kolbe, 1897) (a junior synonym of Diaphanes rugicollis (Fairmaire)), Diaphanes signaticollis Pic, 1951, Diaphanes ugandanus (Kolbe, 1897), Pyrocoelia iwasakii (Matsumura, 1918), Pyrocoelia tappana (Matsumura, 1918), Lamprocera latreillei (Kirby, 1818), Tenaspis semifusca (Gorham, 1881), Lucernuta savignii (Kirby, 1818), Aspisoma candellarium Reiche, 1845, Aspisoma roseiventer (E. Olivier, 1888), Pyractomena Melsheimer, 1846, Pyractomena flavocincta LeConte, 1852 (a junior synonym of Pyractomena angulata (Say)), Pyractomena angustata LeConte, 1852, and Pyractomena lucifera Melsheimer, 1846.
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In this study, we described four new species of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): Aleurovitreus mariae Sanchez-Flores and García-Ochaeta new species found in Mexico and Guatemala; Aleurovitreus piperschiedeanum Sanchez-Flores and Carapia-Ruiz new species, Aleurovitreus pueblensis Sanchez-Flores and Carapia-Ruiz new species and Aleurovitreus tuberculatus Sanchez-Flores and Carapia-Ruiz new species. found in Mexico. All species were collected in Piper spp. Microphotographs of morphological structures of the puparium are provided, as well as a key to identification of species.
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The nesting biology of the potter wasp Pachymenes ghilianii (Spinola) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) is described based on observations made in the Cerro Turega Hydric Reserve, Penonome, Panama. The collection of building material, the architecture of the nest, the process of building a cell and cell provision with geometrid larvae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), and the emergence time of the adults are recorded.
650
A new species of leaf insect from the celebicum species group, Phyllium (Phyllium) yapicum Cumming and Teemsma, new species (Phasmida: Phylliidae), is described from a female specimen from the California Academy of Sciences collection, United States. This new species is the first recorded species of Phylliidae from the country of Micronesia and represents a notable range expansion for the family. With Phyllium (Phyllium) yapicum Cumming and Teemsma, new species, currently only known from a female holotype; a key to females is included for the celebicum species group.
649
The linyphiid spiders Tenuiphantes zelatus (Zorsch, 1937), T. zibus (Zorsch, 1937), and Centromerus mariannae sp. nov. are diagnosed, described or redescribed and illustrated, including the previously undescribed female of T. zibus. All are common species of the Pacific Northwest of North America but were previously inadequately described (T. zelatus and T. zibus) or illustrated only but not described or named (C. mariannae).
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A new subgenus, Hydrosmectomorpha Klimaszewski and Webster, of the genus Atheta C. G. Thomson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) is erected to accommodate three new species and Atheta newfoundlandica (Klimaszewski and Langor). The new species are: Atheta (Hydrosmectomorpha) meduxnekeagensis Webster and Klimaszewski, new species; Atheta (Hydrosmectomorpha) quebecensis Webster and Klimaszewski, new species, Atheta (Hydrosmectomorpha) vincenti Webster and Klimaszewski, new species. The new species are described, illustrated, and a key is provided. Atheta newfoundlandica (Klimaszewski and Langor), was recently transferred from Hydrosmecta C.G. Thomson to an unspecified subgenus of Atheta. New habitat/collection data are presented for the treated species.
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The species Canthidium alvarezi Martínez and Halffter, 1986 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) is transferred to the genus Ateuchus Weber, 1801, becoming Ateuchus alvarezi (Martínez and Halffter), new combination. Its relationship with other species in the genus is briefly discussed. The validity and ranking of the genus Lobidion Génier, 2010, originally described from a single female, is discussed based on the discovery of male specimens, which lead us to reclassify it as a monotypic subgenus of Ateuchus, becoming Ateuchus (Lobidion), new rank, with the only included species becoming Ateuchus (Lobidion) punctatissimus (Génier, 2010) new combination.
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The dung beetle fauna of the Big Bend region of Texas (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)
(2018)
This paper reports the results of a 2001-2009 field study of the scarabaeine dung beetle fauna (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of the Big Bend region of Texas, a three-county area of the Trans-Pecos portion of the Chihuahuan Desert. The observed fauna comprises 10 native species, Canthon blumei Halffter and Halffter, C. imitator Brown, C. praticola LeConte, and C. mixtus Robinson; Onthophagus browni Howden and Cartwright, O. knausi Brown, O. velutinus Horn and O. brevifrons Horn; Copris arizonensis Schaeffer and Phanaeus texensis Edmonds; as well as two exotic species introduced in the 1970s, Digitonthophagus gazella (Fabricius) and Euoniticellus intermedius (Reiche). The existing native fauna antedates the completion of desertification approximately 9,000 yrs BP and is similar ecologically and taxonomically to those in southeastern Arizona and northern Mexico. Ecological distribution follows three broad, overlapping habitat zones: desert montane forest, desert grassland and desert scrub. Species accounts include diagnoses, geographic distribution data, and information on collection method, habitat distribution and daily activity.
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Forty new provincial records, including two new aleocharine species for the province of Manitoba (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) are provided. The two new species, Acrotona manitobensis Klimaszewski and Godin, new species, and Atheta manitobae Klimaszewski and Godin, new species, are described and illustrated. Habitat information and new locality records are provided for the newly recorded species. The current number of Aleocharinae in Manitoba stands at 120 species, including 40 new records and two new species described here. A checklist of all currently recorded species from the province, with their distribution records in Canada and USA, is included.
640
Host flower records for 111 species of Cerambycinae, collected from 40 plant species (21 families) in three Bolivian Departments during the period 2002–2011 are presented for the following tribes: Basipterini, Callichromatini, Clytini, Compsocerini, Eburiini, Ectenessini, Heteropsini, Hexoplonini, Molorchini, Oxycoleini, Pteroplatini, Rhopalophorini, Tillomorphini, and Trachyderini. The importance of anthophilous cerambycids as pollinators, their behavior, and methods used for collecting them are presented, and some preliminary comparisons between the tropical fauna in the north and the temperate fauna in the Chaco forests of the south are outlined.
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Seven new euptychiine (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) taxa are described and named herein, namely Harjesia argentata Nakahara, Zacca and Lamas, n. sp., Orotaygetis Nakahara and Zacca, n. gen., O. surui Nakahara, Zacca and Lamas, n. sp., Euptychoides sanmarcos Nakahara and Lamas, n. sp., Pseudeuptychia cuzquenya Nakahara and Lamas, n. sp., P. languida austrina Nakahara and Lamas, n. ssp., and Godartiana astronesthes Lamas and Nakahara, n. sp. A revisional note is provided for Harjesia Forster, 1964 and Pseudeuptychia Forster, 1964, and as a result, Taygetis vrazi Kheil, 1896 is removed from Harjesia and a new taxonomic arrangement, Pseudodebis vrazi n. comb., is proposed based on both morphology and molecular data.
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Bombus rufocinctus Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombini) is reported from Pennsylvania for the first time, new state record. A single female specimen was collected in a multi-colored bucket trap in 2017. This new record fills in gaps in the known range of this species in northeastern North America.
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Ten South American species are removed from the genus Odontocera Audinet-Serville (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and placed in Odontocroton Clarke new genus. The new genus is further organized into two informal groups. Group A includes Odontocroton flavicauda (Bates, 1873) new combination, Odontocroton flavirostris (Melzer, 1930) new combination, Odontocroton melzeri (Fisher, 1952) new combination and Odontocroton soror (Gounelle, 1911) new combination. Group B includes Odontocroton apicalis (Klug, 1825) new combination, Odontocroton quinquecallosus (Zajciw, 1963) new combination, Odontocroton sanguinolentus (Bates, 1873) new combination, Odontocroton septemtuberculatus (Zajciw, 1963) new combination, Odontocroton rufifrons (Fisher, 1937) new rank and new combination, and provisionally Odontocroton monnei (Zajciw, 1968), new combination. A monotypic new genus, Rhinobatesia Clarke, is described for the Central American species Rhinobatesia rugicollis (Bates, 1880) new combination, which was formerly in Odontocera. The Central American Odontocera nevermanni Fisher, 1930 is placed as a junior synonym of R. rugicollis, and Odontocera typhoeus Fisher, 1947 is placed as a junior synonym of Odontogracilis gracilis (Klug, 1825). A key to separate Odontocroton and Rhinobatesia as well as the species of the former is provided. All species are illustrated, including the tegmen of the aedeagus when available. Host flower records for the Bolivian species are also provided.
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Despite being generally distributed and common on Cuba, Hispaniola, and in south Florida, species of Pyrgus Hübner (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), commonly known as checkered skippers, are very poorly known from The Bahamas. Previous records indicated the presence only of Pyrgus oileus (Linnaeus, 1767), just from Great Inagua Island, although its status on that island remains unclear. Herein we document P. oileus for the first time from Grand Bahama Island, suggesting an independent dispersal of this species to the northern Bahamas from south Florida. Furthermore, we document Pyrgus albescens Plötz, 1884 from Grand Bahama and Abaco islands, representing the first Caribbean records for this rapidly dispersing species. We suggest that both P. oileus and P. albescens arrived on Grand Bahama sometime between 2010 and 2014, most likely from south Florida, and that P. albescens has subsequently dispersed to Abaco. Careful study of Pyrgus species in The Bahamas is needed to document future colonization events.
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A new species of soft scale from Mexico, Toumeyella crataegi Kondo and González sp. nov., (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) collected on Crataegus mexicana DC. (Rosaceae), is described and illustrated based on the adult female. An updated taxonomic key to the soft scale insects of the genus Toumeyella Cockerell known from Mexico is provided. The specific epithet of Toumeyella martinezi Kondo and González is here emended to T. martinezae. A checklist with information on geographical distribution, host plants and brief notes of all 18 currently known species of Toumeyella is provided.
632
Conidera Rivalier, 1961 is a well-defined subgenus of tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) hitherto only known from two species endemic to the island of Luzon. This paper describes the first species from Mindoro, with a doubtful record from Mindanao. Cylindera (Conidera) mindoroana Zettel and Wiesner, new species, differs strongly by an unusual shape of the female’s elytra. A diagnosis for Conidera and a key to the species of this subgenus is presented.
631
Previously unpublished museum specimen records are presented for 23 species of the genus Xylocopa Latreille (Hymenoptera: Apidae) collected in portions of the countries of Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela within the Amazon River basin of South America. Dichotomous keys and dorsal habitus photographs are provided for the identification of females of the 13 species of Xylocopa subgenus Neoxylocopa Michener, and females of the 10 species of Xylocopa subgenus Schonnherria Lepeletier, that have been recorded to date from the Amazon River basin.
629
628
Nomenclatural changes are proposed and herein implemented for several beetles in the family Lampyridae (Coleoptera). Corrections of authorship are proposed for Psilocladus marginatus (Lewis), Psilocladus ruficollis (Kiesenwetter), and Dryptelytra fulvipennis E. Olivier. Dates of publication are corrected for Magnoculus marginatus (Guérin-Méneville), Psilocladus calvus Kirsch, Psilocladus peruvianus Kirsch, and Vesta vitellinothorax (Perty) a synonym of Vesta thoracica (G. A. Olivier). "Dodacles grandjeani E. Olivier" is found to be a nomen nudum, which actually refers to Dryptelytra grandjeani (E. Olivier).
627
Morphological and cytochrome oxidase 1 (Cox1) data show that Aphis floridanae Tissot (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is not synonymous with A. nasturtii Kaltenbach. Instead, A. floridanae matches the morphological characters of A. impatientis Thomas. Additionally, the range of cytochrome oxidase 1 (Cox1) pair-wise distance of the multiple collections of A. impatientis on Cornus spp., Impatiens spp. and Erechtites hieraciifolius (L.) Raf. ex DC. is 0–0.39%. Therefore, we conclude that A. floridanae Tissot, 1933 is a junior synonym of A. impatientis Thomas, 1878, new synonymy. In addition, A. impatientis is re-described, including first descriptions of the ovipara and alate male of that species.
625
Two new species of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) are described from Bolivia: Compsibidion woodleyi Wappes, Santos-Silva and Galileo (Cerambycinae: Neoibidionina): and Drycothaea dozieri Wappes, Santos-Silva and Galileo (Lamiinae: Calliini). Illustrations of the new species are included. Mallodon downesii Hope, 1843 (Prioninae: Macrotomini) is reported for the first time in Costa Rica.
624
This paper contains nomenclatural acts concerning the genus Nigidius MacLeay in the stag beetle tribe Figulini Burmeister (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae). A revision of species in the obesus group results in the correction of multiple nomenclatural problems. A lectotype is designated for N. obesus Parry, and the identity of N. helleri Boileau is corrected. A new species, Nigidius gravelyi Paulsen, is described from Borneo. The synonymy of Nigidius larssoni de Lisle is transferred from N. obesus to N. dawnae Gravely.
623
Descriptions of two new species of false click beetles (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae) from the Bahamas
(2018)
Specimens of Eucnemidae collected in the Bahamas were re-evaluated following initial identifications completed in 2007. Two new species of false click beetle (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae) are described from several islands in the Bahamas. These new species are: Golbachia rufa sp. nov. and Fornax bahamiensis sp. nov. Diagnostic differences are noted for each species and compared with similar species found in both Cuba and the United States.
622
Rhagoletis cerasi (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is reported from Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, and Niagara County, New York, United States for the first time, new records. Specimens from Ontario were collected in 2016, and New York in 2017. This fly is subject to regulatory control and poses a risk to cherry and honeysuckle in North America.
621
A remarkable new species of Poecilocloeus (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Proctolabinae) found damaging coffee plantations in the Western Andes of Colombia is described and named P. coffeaphilus n. sp. This new species is part of a distinct and colorful group of Proctolabinae grasshoppers, with most species found at low altitudes in the rainforest of the Amazon basin. In contrast, the new species is found at elevations of 1600 to 1800 m in the canopy of dense cloud forests, in the southwestern part of the department of Antioquia (Western Cordillera, Colombian Andes). Information about the natural history, behavior, natural enemies and control strategies in coffee plantations is given for this new species of masked grasshopper. A key to the Neotropical species of the fruticolus species group is presented.
620
619
Nine species of Navasoleon (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Nemoleontini) are recognized in the present work with the description of seven new species: N. amazonas Stange, N. brasiliensis Miller, N. egeri Stange, N. lithophilus Miller, N. lotti Stange, N. tarsalis Miller, and N. venezolanus Stange. Navasoleon bosqui (Navás) is designated a nomen dubium. A key to the species is provided as well as to the genera of Nemoleontini with closing pretarsal claws. The larvae of two species are described and keyed with biological notes. Biological data presented in Miller and Stange (1985), erroneously attributed to N. bolivianus (Banks), has now been corrected to N. lithophilus. Included in this treatise are 71 color photographs including photos of male and female terminalia, male genitalia, and two species of larvae.
618
A new species of leaf insect, Phyllium (Phyllium) letiranti Cumming and Teemsma, new species (Phasmida: Phylliidae), is described from a series of males, females, and eggs from Peleng Island, Indonesia. This new species is the first record of the family Phylliidae on the island and is here differentiated from congeners. Keys to males, females, and eggs of the Phyllium species of Sulawesi and Peleng islands are included within.
617
Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a Palearctic lady beetle that has become established in North America, is reported for the first time from the state of Iowa, U.S.A. The earliest specimen of H. variegata from Iowa was collected in 2009, with two subsequent specimens in 2012. Collection records of an advancing, non-native species like H. variegata are important for determining comparative rates of geographic spread across various regions and understanding its invasion dynamics.
616
Based on morphological features of the adult female, the Brazilian soft scale, Mesolecanium ferum Hempel, 1920 (= Toumeyella ferum) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) is transferred to the genus Neotoumeyella Kondo and Williams, 2009, as Neotoumeyella ferum (Hempel), comb. nov. The genus Neotoumeyella is rediagnosed in order to accommodate the unique features of M. ferum and an updated key to the six species of the genus is provided. An English translation of the Spanish redescription of M. ferum (as T. ferum) by Granara de Willink (2012) is also provided, with the author’s comments and interpretations.
615
A combination of five characters supports the arrangement of three species in the Anthocharis sara complex (Lepidoptera: Pieridae: Pierinae: Anthocharidini) consisting of Anthocharis sara Lucas, 1852 (Sara orangetip), Anthocharis thoosa Scudder, 1878 (southwestern orangetip), and Anthocharis julia W.H. Edwards, 1872 (Julia orangetip). These five characters include adult phenotypes, fifth instar larval coloration, pupal cone curvature and color, number of overwintering cycles, and interspecific contact zone behavior. This taxonomic treatment is generated from extensive life history studies from 12 western U.S. states through most of the sara complex distribution.
614
The Republic of Panama currently has 358 recorded species of Trichoptera. Herein we add 25 new country records for Panama. The newly recorded taxa increase Panama’s total known caddisfly fauna to 383 species, distributed among 15 families and 52 genera. These results are part of an ongoing effort to characterize the caddisfly fauna of Panama, and to evaluate that country’s major watersheds (cuencas).
613
There have been 136 species of microcaddisflies (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) recorded from the Republic of Panama. Herein we describe seven new species from the Mount Totumas Cloud Forest and Biological Reserve, in the upper reaches of the Río Chiriquí Viejo watershed (Costatrichia devestiva, C. dietrichi, Metrichia brocha, M. calla, Neotrichia atopa, Ochrotrichia anticheirion, and Rhyacopsyche totuma). These results are part of an ongoing effort to characterize the aquatic insect fauna of Panama, and to evaluate that country’s major watersheds.
612
Through this survey, four species of aphelinid, one species of encyrtid, and one species of signiphorid wasp (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) were collected and identified as follows: Aphytis japonicus DeBach and Azim, Encarsia berlesei (Howard), Marietta carnesi (Howard), Pteroptrix sp. 2, Arrhenophagus chionaspidis Aurivillius, and Chartocerus subaenus (Förster). Among these, C. subaenus is recorded newly from the Korean parasitoid fauna. Also, three species of aphelinids and one species of signiphorid are newly added as parasitic wasps associated with Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli (Cooley) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) from Korea. In this paper, the list of parasitoid species of P. cockerelli that occur in Korea is updated and a brief diagnosis and photographs of these species are provided.
611
The Scarabaeus subgenus Scarabaeolus Balthasar, 1965 (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Scarabaeini) is defined and nine new species are described, six from the Republic of South Africa [S. (S.) fragilis sp. n., S. (S.) krugeri sp. n., S. (S.) lizleri sp. n., S. (S.) orientalis sp. n., S. (S.) rugosipennis sp. n., S. (S.) similis sp. n.] and one each from Angola [S. (S.) cunene sp. n.], Namibia [S. (S.) namibensis sp. n.] and Kenya [S. (S.) werneri sp. n.], bringing the number of recorded species up to 41. Species accounts listing original descriptions, subsequent accounts, type localities, type repositories, and geographic distributions are provided for all the species. The status of S. (S.) reichei Waterhouse, 1890 and of S. (S.) bohemani Harold, 1868, both formerly synonymized and reinstated, are discussed. It is concluded that S. (S.) reichei is synonymous with S. (S.) canaliculatus Fairmaire, 1888, whereas S. (S.) bohemani differs from S. (S.) palemo Olivier, 1789 in the color of antennal club and shape of paramere tips, and is upheld pending availability of molecular data.
610
609
A new Mexican species of Ochraethes Chevrolat, 1860 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae, Clytini) is described: Ochraethes skillmani Wappes, Santos-Silva and Botero. Plocaederus mirim Martins and Monné, 2002 (Cerambycini) is redescribed and its female is figured for the first time. New geographical records in Plocaederus Dejean, 1835 are also provided.
608
A taxonomic revision of Panamanian species of the genus Dasymutilla Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) is presented and a key for the six species is given, all recognized from both sexes. Dasymutilla colorado Cambra, Williams and Quintero sp. nov., from central and eastern Panama, is described and illustrated. Sex associations permitted us to make the following five synonymies: D. sleipniri Manley and Pitts, 2007 (male) under D. phya (Cameron, 1895) (female); D. deyrollesi Mickel, 1937 (male) and Sphaerophthama [sic.] temaxensis Cameron, 1895 under Dasymutilla araneoides (Smith, 1862) (female); D. ionothorax Manley and Pitts, 2007 (male) under Dasymutilla spilota Manley and Pitts, 2007 (female); and D. guanacaste Manley and Pitts, 2007 (male) under D. paradoxa (Gerstaecker, 1874) (female). Seasonal flight activity for Dasymutilla from six years of continuous malaise trappings in Barro Colorado Island is presented.
605
An early, overlooked description of the genus Atelodesmis (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae) is attributed to Chevrolat (in Duponchel and Chevrolat 1841), with A. mannerheimii Duponchel and Chevrolat, 1841 as its type species, and the genus redescribed. Atelodesmis Buquet, 1857, is a junior synonym and primary homonym of Atelodesmis Chevrolat. Atelodesmis hirticornis Buquet, 1857 and A. vestita Buquet, 1857 are synonymized with A. mannerheimii. Fallaxdesmis is described as a new genus with Atelodesmis unicolor Buquet, 1857 as type species. Atelodesmis piperita Bates, 1855 is transferred to Eupogonius and newly recorded for the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. A new species for Mexico and Guatemala, Eupogonius giesberti, is described. The following new combinations are established: Fallaxdesmis unicolor (Buquet, 1857) and Eupogonius piperita (Bates, 1855). Illustrations of A. mannerheimii, Fallaxdesmis unicolor, and the holotypes of A. hirticornis, A. vestita, A. unicolor, A. piperita and Eupogonius giesberti are included.
604
The Trichoptera of Panama V. Descriptions of new species, new country records, and a synonymy
(2018)
The Río Chiriqui basin is one of 52 major watershed areas, or cuencas, in the Republic of Panama. It occurs in western Panama, discharges into the Pacific Ocean, and includes portions of Volcán Barú on its northern extent. The Río Caldera occupies the northernmost subbasin of this basin. Two of its tributaries, Quebrada Grande and Quebrada Jaramillo, occur in close proximity and on opposite sides, and have different recent geologic histories and current land use patterns. During the course of investigating the caddisfly fauna of these two drainages, three new species of the microcaddisfly genus Neotrichia Morton (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) were identified: N. collierorum and N. anzuelo from Quebrada Jaramillo and N. tatianae from Quebrada Grande. These are described and figured herein. We also add one new genus (Rhyacopsyche Mueller) and five new country records (Hydroptila paschia Mosely, Metrichia ancora Bueno-Soria and Holzenthal, Ochrotrichia jolandae BuenoSoria and Holzenthal, Rhyacopsyche obliqua Flint, and Chimarra (Curgia) maritza Flint) for Panama. Finally, we designate Ochrotrichia abrelata Harris and Armitage, 2015 as a junior synonym of Ochrotrichia jolandae Bueno-Soria and Holzenthal, 2008. This synonymy and the newly recorded species and country records increase Panama’s known trichopteran fauna to 350 species, distributed among 15 families and 52 genera.
603
After publication of Blahnik and Holzenthal (2017), it was noticed that a large portion of the text had been accidentally removed from the "Phylogenetic and evolutionary comments" section during the proofing stage. The beginning of the deleted section completes the sentence on line 6 of page 129, which begins "The species included in the subgenus...". The Insecta Mundi editorial staff apologizes for this oversight. In order to provide context for the deleted excerpt, the entire "Phylogenetic and evolutionary comments" section is reproduced here, with the deleted text reincorporated. Insecta Mundi has also released a revised version of the Blahnik and Holzenthal (2017) manuscript, with this error corrected. However, the revised version is merely for convenience, and not an official peerreviewed article. Anyone wishing to reference the findings of Blahnik and Holzenthal (2017) should cite the original 2017 manuscript or this erratum. The references and figure plates cited in this section have also been reproduced here. ...
602 [korr. Vers.]
Species of Mortoniella are revised for the northern and Andean part of the South American continent, including the countries of Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, and Guyana. All previously described species from the region are reillustrated and redescribed, except for Mortoniella santiaga Sykora, 1999 and M. quinuas Harper and Turcotte, 1985, whose types could not be located, and M. tranquilla Martynov, 1912, whose type is based on a female specimen and thus is currently unidentifiable. Included in the revision are 35 described species and 59 new species. Mortoniella similis Sykora, 1999 is considered a junior synonym of M. roldani Flint, 1991, and M. macuta (Botosaneanu, 1998) is considered a junior synonym of M. limona (Flint, 1981). A new subgenus, Nanotrichia, is recognized to accommodate species previously referred to as members of the ormina and velasquezi groups. Mexitrichia pacuara Flint, 1974 is designated the type species for the subgenus. Species previously referred to as members of the bilineata and leroda species groups are retained in the nominate subgenus, along with additional taxa not previously placed to species group, and treated within a number of subgroups. Previously described species of M. (Mortoniella) which are redescribed and reillustrated include: M. angulata Flint, 1963; M. apiculata Flint, 1963; M. atenuata (Flint, 1963); M. bifurcata Sykora, 1999; M. bilineata Ulmer, 1906; M. bolivica (Schmid, 1958); M. chicana Sykora, 1999; M. denticulata Sykora, 1999; M. elongata (Flint, 1963); M. enchrysa Flint, 1991; M. flinti Sykora, 1999; M. foersteri (Schmid, 1964); M. hodgesi Flint, 1963; M. iridescens Flint, 1991; M. leei (Flint, 1974); M. limona (Flint, 1981); M. marini (Rueda Martín and Gibon, 2008); M. paralineata Sykora, 1999; M. paraenchrysa Sykora, 1999; M. pocita (Flint, 1983); M. punensis (Flint, 1983); M. roldani Flint, 1991; M. simla (Flint, 1974); M. spinulata (Flint, 1991); M. squamata Sykora, 1999; M. unilineata Sykora, 1999; and M. wygodzinskii (Schmid, 1958). New species described in M. (Mortoniella), followed by their respective areas of distribution, include: M. acutiterga (Ecuador); M. adamsae (Peru); M. akrogeneios (Ecuador); M. applanata (Peru); M. auricularis (Colombia); M. barinasi (Venezuela); M. biramosa (Venezuela); M. bothrops (Peru); M. brevis (Ecuador, Venezuela); M. bulbosa (Peru); M. catherinae (Peru); M. chalalan (Peru); M. cornuta (Peru); M. cressae (Venezuela); M. croca (Peru); M. curtispina (Venezuela); M. curvistylus (Ecuador); M. dentiterga (Ecuador); M. dinotes (Peru); M. draconis (Ecuador); M. emarginata (Ecuador, Colombia); M. esrossi (Colombia); M. flexuosa (Colombia); M. furcula (Ecuador); M. gilli (Ecuador); M. gracilis (Venezuela); M. grandiloba (Venezuela); M. guyanensis (Guyana); M. hamata (Colombia); M. langleyae (Ecuador); M. longiterga (Ecuador); M. membranacea (Bolivia); M. monopodis (Colombia, Ecuador); M. parameralda (Ecuador); M. pica (Ecuador); M. proakantha (Ecuador); M. prolata (Peru); M. quadrispina (Ecuador); M. rectiflexa (Ecuador); M. ruedae (Bolivia); M. schlingeri (Colombia); M. silacea (Colombia, Ecuador); M. sinuosa (Bolivia, Peru); M. spatulata (Venezuela); M. tanyrhabdos (Venezuela); M. tridens (Peru); M. triramosa (Bolivia); M. tusci (Venezuela); and M. variabilis (Venezuela, Colombia). Species assigned to the subgenus M. (Nanotrichia) which are redescribed and reillustrated include: M. aequalis (Flint, 1963); M. aries (Flint, 1963); M. collegarum (Rueda Martín and Gibon, 2008); M. eduardoi (Rueda Martín and Gibon, 2008); M. macarenica (Flint, 1974); M. pacuara (Flint, 1974); M. usseglioi (Rueda Martín and Gibon, 2008); and M. velasquezi (Flint, 1991). Previously described species of Mortoniella, outside the area of coverage, that are transferred to the subgenus M. (Nanotrichia) include: M. alicula Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2011; M. bocaina Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2011; M. catarinensis (Flint, 1974); M. froehlichi Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2011; M. ormina (Mosely, 1939); M. rodmani Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2008; and M. tripuiensis Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2011. New species in the subgenus M. (Nanotrichia), followed by their respective areas of distribution, include: Mortoniella cognata (Ecuador, Venezuela); M. coheni (Ecuador); M. licina (Ecuador); M. paucispina (Peru); M. quadridactyla (Venezuela); M. simplicis (Venezuela); M. spangleri (Ecuador); M. triangularis (Ecuador); M. venezuelensis (Venezuela); and M. zamora (Ecuador). A key to the males of species from the region is also provided, as well as a key to females for the major subgroups and a species key to females of the velasquezi group. Finally, a partially resolved phylogeny of the species is presented, along with a discussion of evolutionary trends within the genus.
602 [1. Version]
Species of Mortoniella are revised for the northern and Andean part of the South American continent, including the countries of Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, and Guyana. All previously described species from the region are reillustrated and redescribed, except for Mortoniella santiaga Sykora, 1999 and M. quinuas Harper and Turcotte, 1985, whose types could not be located, and M. tranquilla Martynov, 1912, whose type is based on a female specimen and thus is currently unidentifiable. Included in the revision are 35 described species and 59 new species. Mortoniella similis Sykora, 1999 is considered a junior synonym of M. roldani Flint, 1991, and M. macuta (Botosaneanu, 1998) is considered a junior synonym of M. limona (Flint, 1981). A new subgenus, Nanotrichia, is recognized to accommodate species previously referred to as members of the ormina and velasquezi groups. Mexitrichia pacuara Flint, 1974 is designated the type species for the subgenus. Species previously referred to as members of the bilineata and leroda species groups are retained in the nominate subgenus, along with additional taxa not previously placed to species group, and treated within a number of subgroups. Previously described species of M. (Mortoniella) which are redescribed and reillustrated include: M. angulata Flint, 1963; M. apiculata Flint, 1963; M. atenuata (Flint, 1963); M. bifurcata Sykora, 1999; M. bilineata Ulmer, 1906; M. bolivica (Schmid, 1958); M. chicana Sykora, 1999; M. denticulata Sykora, 1999; M. elongata (Flint, 1963); M. enchrysa Flint, 1991; M. flinti Sykora, 1999; M. foersteri (Schmid, 1964); M. hodgesi Flint, 1963; M. iridescens Flint, 1991; M. leei (Flint, 1974); M. limona (Flint, 1981); M. marini (Rueda Martín and Gibon, 2008); M. paralineata Sykora, 1999; M. paraenchrysa Sykora, 1999; M. pocita (Flint, 1983); M. punensis (Flint, 1983); M. roldani Flint, 1991; M. simla (Flint, 1974); M. spinulata (Flint, 1991); M. squamata Sykora, 1999; M. unilineata Sykora, 1999; and M. wygodzinskii (Schmid, 1958). New species described in M. (Mortoniella), followed by their respective areas of distribution, include: M. acutiterga (Ecuador); M. adamsae (Peru); M. akrogeneios (Ecuador); M. applanata (Peru); M. auricularis (Colombia); M. barinasi (Venezuela); M. biramosa (Venezuela); M. bothrops (Peru); M. brevis (Ecuador, Venezuela); M. bulbosa (Peru); M. catherinae (Peru); M. chalalan (Peru); M. cornuta (Peru); M. cressae (Venezuela); M. croca (Peru); M. curtispina (Venezuela); M. curvistylus (Ecuador); M. dentiterga (Ecuador); M. dinotes (Peru); M. draconis (Ecuador); M. emarginata (Ecuador, Colombia); M. esrossi (Colombia); M. flexuosa (Colombia); M. furcula (Ecuador); M. gilli (Ecuador); M. gracilis (Venezuela); M. grandiloba (Venezuela); M. guyanensis (Guyana); M. hamata (Colombia); M. langleyae (Ecuador); M. longiterga (Ecuador); M. membranacea (Bolivia); M. monopodis (Colombia, Ecuador); M. parameralda (Ecuador); M. pica (Ecuador); M. proakantha (Ecuador); M. prolata (Peru); M. quadrispina (Ecuador); M. rectiflexa (Ecuador); M. ruedae (Bolivia); M. schlingeri (Colombia); M. silacea (Colombia, Ecuador); M. sinuosa (Bolivia, Peru); M. spatulata (Venezuela); M. tanyrhabdos (Venezuela); M. tridens (Peru); M. triramosa (Bolivia); M. tusci (Venezuela); and M. variabilis (Venezuela, Colombia). Species assigned to the subgenus M. (Nanotrichia) which are redescribed and reillustrated include: M. aequalis (Flint, 1963); M. aries (Flint, 1963); M. collegarum (Rueda Martín and Gibon, 2008); M. eduardoi (Rueda Martín and Gibon, 2008); M. macarenica (Flint, 1974); M. pacuara (Flint, 1974); M. usseglioi (Rueda Martín and Gibon, 2008); and M. velasquezi (Flint, 1991). Previously described species of Mortoniella, outside the area of coverage, that are transferred to the subgenus M. (Nanotrichia) include: M. alicula Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2011; M. bocaina Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2011; M. catarinensis (Flint, 1974); M. froehlichi Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2011; M. ormina (Mosely, 1939); M. rodmani Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2008; and M. tripuiensis Blahnik and Holzenthal, 2011. New species in the subgenus M. (Nanotrichia), followed by their respective areas of distribution, include: Mortoniella cognata (Ecuador, Venezuela); M. coheni (Ecuador); M. licina (Ecuador); M. paucispina (Peru); M. quadridactyla (Venezuela); M. simplicis (Venezuela); M. spangleri (Ecuador); M. triangularis (Ecuador); M. venezuelensis (Venezuela); and M. zamora (Ecuador). A key to the males of species from the region is also provided, as well as a key to females for the major subgroups and a species key to females of the velasquezi group. Finally, a partially resolved phylogeny of the species is presented, along with a discussion of evolutionary trends within the genus.
601
Genera of Cephaloscymnini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccidulinae) are discussed and a key to all recognized genera and species is provided. Succinctonotum, new genus, is proposed. Scymnus laboulbenii Mulsant and Prodilis maculata Weise are transferred to Neaporia as new combinations. Prodiloides bipunctata Weise, and Neaporia compta are transferred to Prodilis as new combinations. Neaporia cuprea Gorham is considered a junior synonym of Neaporia viridiscens Gorham and Cephaloscymnus bruchi Weise a junior synonym of Prodilis volgus Mulsant. New species described in Cephaloscymnus are C. beulah, C. candice, C. juanita. New species described in Neaporia are N. becky, N. bobbie, N. brandy, N. carole, N. cassandra, N. christy, N. daisy, N. deanna, N. dianne, N. felicia, N. gwendolyn, N. hilda, N. irma, N. jennie, N. jenny, N. kay, N. kayla, N. kristine, N. leah, N. lena, N. leona, N. longifrons, N. mabel, N. mae, N. margie, N. marsha, N. miriam, N. misty, N. myrtle, N. naomi, N. nina, N. nora, N. olga, N. opal, N. patsy, N. penny, N. priscilla, N. shelley, N. sonia, N. tracey, and N. violet. New species described in Succinctonotum is S. frosti. New species described in Prodilis are P. ada, P. alberta, P. alison, P. amelia, P. angie, P. araguaensis, P. bartletti, P. belinda, P. blanche, P. brandi, P. cecilia, P. claire, P. cora, P. dubitalis, P. erika, P. eunice, P. fannie, P. faye, P. flora, P. geneva, P. guadalupe, P. harriet, P. hattie, P. inez, P. iris, P. isabel, P. jan, P. janie, P. joanna, P. jodi, P. katrina, P. kristi, P. kristy, P. lindsey, P. lola, P. lula, P. lynda, P. madeline, P. maggie, P. mamie, P. margarita, P. maryann, P. melody, P. molly, P. monique, P. natasha, P. olivia, P. pecki, P. ramona, P. rosie, P. sabrina, P. sandy, P. shelley, P. sherri, P. sheryl, P. sonya, P. susie, and P. yvette. Ponaria, new genus of Coccidulini is proposed. Neaporia caerulea Gorham is transferred to Ponaria as a new combination. New species described in Ponaria are P. daviesi, P. hurtadoi, and P. paprzyckii. Lectotypes are here designated for Neaporia arrowi, N. coelestis, N. metallica, N. guatemalana, N. indagator, and Prodilis pallidifrons.
600
A new cryptic species, Aleochara (Xenochara) castaneimarmotae Klimaszewski, Webster, and Brunke, new species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), associated with Marmota monax (Linnaeus) burrows and caves in eastern North America, is described and illustrated. A key to Canadian species of subgenus Xenochara Mulsant and Rey and revised distributions of the taxonomically difficult fumata species group are provided. Aleochara quadrata Sharp is recorded from Washington and Oregon for the first time.
596
595
Many nomenclatural changes are implemented in the beetle families Georissidae, Histeridae, Hydraenidae, Hydrochidae, Hydrophilidae, Ptiliidae, Leiodidae and especially Staphylinidae, of the beetle series Staphyliniformia (Coleoptera), in preparation for making a world catalog of this group available online. Limited taxonomic changes are also made in the staphylinid subfamilies Osoriinae and Staphylininae.
At the level of family-group taxa, Article 29.4 of the current (1999) Zoological Code is reviewed and the original spellings of two tribal names, Nymphisterini Tishechkin (Histeridae) and Cryptonotopsisini Pace (Staphylinidae), are resurrected. The tribal name Stictocraniini Jakobson (Staphylinidae) is also resurrected as the valid name for its new synonym Fenderiini Scheerpeltz.
Changes at the genus-group level in Histeridae include placing Contipus Marseul as a new synonym of Hister Linnaeus due to the current placement of its validly designated type species C. subquadratus Marseul; proposal of Contipides Newton gen. nov. (type species Contipus digitatus Marseul) for the 10 species that had remained in Contipus of authors; and new designation of Idolia laevigata Lewis as type species of Idolia Lewis. In Ptiliidae, Rodwayia ovata Lea is newly designated as type species of Rodwayia Lea, and Throscidium germainii Matthews is newly designated as type species of Throscidium Matthews. In Staphylinidae, Paramichrotus Naomi is resurrected as a valid subgenus of Hesperosoma Scheerpeltz with Hemihesperosoma Hayashi placed as a new synonym of it; Sonoma corticina Casey is reaffi rmed as the type species of Sonoma Casey in place of Faronus tolulae LeConte; Stanosthetus Dejean is recognized as an available name and junior synonym of Euplectus Kirby; Taplandria Pace (type species T. guyanensis Pace) is recognized as a junior homonym and new synonym of Taplandria Pace (type species T. fl ava Pace); and Termitobiella Wasmann is resurrected as the valid name for the genus Felda Blackwelder. Replacement names for preoccupied generic or subgeneric names include in Histeridae Bellatricides Newton nom. nov. for Pachylister (Bellatrix) Mazur, junior homonym of Bellatrix Boie; and in Staphylinidae Foxiides Newton nom. nov. for Foxia Pace, junior homonym of Foxia Ashmead, and Xenasterides Newton nom. nov. for Xenaster Bierig, junior homonym of Xenaster Simonwitsch. Taxonomic changes at the generic level in Staphylinidae include proposal of Prolibia Newton gen. nov. (type species Lispinus californicus LeConte) for four Nearctic species recently placed in Clavilispinus Bernhauer; placement of Heterotrochinus Coiffait and its synonym Heterotrochus Coiffait as new synonyms of Eulibia Cameron; placement of the generic or subgeneric names Chapmaniella Bernhauer, Glenothorax Bierig, Euryolinus Bernhauer and Plesiolinus Bernhauer as new synonyms of Platydracus Thomson; and transfer of the subgenus Poikilodracus Scheerpeltz from Staphylinus Linnaeus to Platydracus. First reviser actions are used to select Georissites Ponomarenko (Georissidae) as the correct original spelling over the alternate original spelling Georyssites, and Kyrtusa Pace (Staphylinidae) as correct original spelling over Kirtusa.
Several hundred nomenclatural and taxonomic changes at the species group level are briefl y summarized here but are too numerous to list completely. Replacement names for preoccupied species or subspecies names in current use are proposed in Histeridae (3), Hydrochidae (1), Hydrophilidae (1), Leiodidae (2), Ptiliidae (3) and Staphylinidae (180); an additional staphylinid replacement name, Phloeopora nilgiriensis, is newly proposed by G. Paśnik. New or resurrected combinations are proposed for either nomenclatural or taxonomic reasons in the following genera (with indication of how many names in each genus): in Histeridae, Contipides Newton (10); in Staphylinidae, Abemus Mulsant and Rey (4), Allotrochus Fagel (6), Atheta Thomson (1), Cheilocolpus Solier (4), Eulibia Cameron (4), Foxiides Newton (1), Lispinus Erichson (3), Loncovilius Germain (2), Nacaeus Blackwelder (119), Naddia Fauvel (1), Neohypnus Coiffait and Sáiz (8), Neolosus Blackwelder (1), Ocypus Leach (2), Ontholestes Ganglbauer (1), Platydracus Thomson (59), Prolibia Newton (4) Termitobiella Wasmann (10), Thyreocephalus Guérin-Méneville (4), Xenasterides Newton (1), and Zeoleusis Steel (3). First reviser actions are used to resolve the correct original spellings (of two or more original spellings) of two species of Hydraena Kugelann (Hydraenidae) and 21 species of Staphylinidae. Changes in priority or availability of names are cited to establish the following names as valid over one or more new synonyms each: Acrotrichis rotundata (Haldeman) and Acrotrichis glabricollides Newton sp. nov. in Ptiliidae, Nemadiopsis franki Perreau in Leiodidae, and Gyrophaena nigra Kraatz, Heterothops fumigatus LeConte, Loncovilius germaini (Scheerpeltz), Philonthus upotovus Newton, sp. nov., Stenus fulviventris Rougemont, and nine species of Homalota Mannerheim in Staphylinidae. Finally, the species Eleusis lata Coiffait and Eleusis microlestiformis Coiffait are noted as not belonging to the genus Eleusis Laporte de Castelnau or to Staphylinidae, and are transferred without generic assignment to the subfamily Inopeplinae of the family Salpingidae.
594
The tribe Zolini (Carabidae: Trechinae) is revised for New Zealand. Two subtribes, fi ve genera, and fortyeight species are recognized. The presence of the subtribe Merizodina is confi rmed for New Zealand; it includes three genera (Maungazolus n. gen., Pseudoopterus Csiki, 1928, and Synteratus Broun, 1909). The subtribe Zolina contains two genera (Oopterus Guérin-Méneville, 1841 and Zolus Sharp, 1886).
One genus and twenty-fi ve species are described as new: Maungazolus n. gen.; Maungazolus acutus n. sp., Maungazolus priestleyensisn. sp., Maungazolus ranatungaen. sp., Maungazolus septempunctatus n. sp., Maungazolus tararuaensisn. sp., Oopterus anglemensisn. sp., Oopterus arthurensisn. sp., Oopterus corvinki n. sp., Oopterus discoideus n. sp., Oopterus garnerae n. sp., Oopterus marrisin. sp., Oopterus mohiensis n. sp., Oopterus monticola n. sp., Oopterus nanus n. sp., Oopterus nunni n. sp., Oopterus palmai n. sp., Oopterus punctatus n. sp., Oopterus quadripunctatus n. sp., Oopterus taieriensis n. sp., Oopterus trechoides n. sp., Pseudoopterus fi ordlandensis n. sp., Pseudoopterus otiraensis n. sp., Zolus kauriensis n. sp., Zolus unisetosus n. sp., Zolus wongi n. sp.
Lectotypes are designated for Zolus helmsi Sharp, 1886 and Oopterus parvulus Broun, 1903.
Seven taxa are reinstated as valid genera and previous combinations: Zolus Sharp, 1886 and Pseudoopterus Csiki, 1928 (previously synonymized with Oopterus Guérin-Méneville,1841); Oopterus carinatus Broun, 1882 = Zolus carinatus (Broun, 1882); Oopterus helmsi (Sharp, 1886) = Zolus helmsi Sharp, 1886; Oopterus latipennis Broun, 1903 = Pseudoopterus latipennis (Broun, 1903); Oopterus plicaticollis Blanchard, 1843 = Pseudoopterus plicaticollis (Blanchard, 1843); Oopterus subopacus (Broun, 1915) = Zolus subopacus Broun, 1915.
Three new combinations are established: Oopterus pallidipes Broun, 1893 = Maungazolus pallidipes (Broun, 1893); Oopterus parvulus Broun, 1903 = Maungazolus parvulus (Broun, 1903); Oopterus pygmeatus Broun, 1907 = Maungazolus pygmeatus (Broun, 1907).
Eleven new synonymies are established: Oopterus basalis Broun, 1915 and Oopterus minor Broun, 1917 = Maungazolus pygmeatus (Broun, 1907); Oopterus nigritulus Broun, 1908 and Oopterus laevigatus Broun, 1912 = Oopterus sobrinus Broun, 1886; Oopterus sculpturatus ovinotatus Broun, 1908 = Oopterus sculpturatus Broun, 1908; Oopterus probus Broun, 1903 and Oopterus latifossus Broun, 1917 = Pseudoopterus latipennis (Broun, 1903); Oopterus puncticeps Broun, 1893 = Oopterus laevicollis Bates, 1871; Zolus atratus Broun, 1893 and Zolus femoralis Broun, 1894 = Zolus carinatus (Broun, 1882); Zolus labralis Broun, 1921 = Zolus helmsi Sharp, 1886.
A revision of all taxa is provided. Descriptions, identifi cation keys, illustrations of male genitalia, habitus photos, distributional data and maps are given. Extensive information on ecology, biology, dispersal power, and collecting techniques is included for each species.
593
Species of Hydrosmecta C. G. Thomson, occurring in eastern Canada, are studied and reviewed. Six species are recognized, and two of them are described as new to science. The new species are: Hydrosmecta canadensis Webster and Klimaszewski, new species, and Hydrosmecta minutissimoides Webster and Klimaszewski, new species. Two species described in the USA are recorded from Canada and New Brunswick for the first time: Hydrosmecta caduca Casey and Hydrosmecta dulcis Casey. New distribution and collection data, diagnoses, a key for species identification, and images of habitus and genital structures are provided. Hydrosmecta newfoundlandica Klimaszewski and Langor, 2011, is transferred to the genus Atheta Thomson based on morphology of genital structures.
592
This paper revises the genus Ganelius Benesh, which is endemic to Madagascar, in the stag beetle tribe Figulini Burmeister (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae). Species in the genus are striking in their highly sexually dimorphic mandibles, a character that rarely occurs in the tribe. The genus was previously comprised of four species, but three of these names were problematic or questionably applied. A lectotype is designated for G. madagascariensis Laporte, a neotype is designated for Ganelius oberndorferi Nonfried, and Nigidius passaliformis Benesh is newly synonymized with G. oberndorferi. Two new species, G. gnamptus Paulsen and G. zombi Paulsen, are described from western Madagascar. The identity of the overlooked Ganelius nageli (Kriesche) is fixed through a neotype designation, and the species is moved to the new genus Agnelius, which is distinguished from Ganelius by a lack of sexual dimorphism, serrate protibiae, and a more flattened body.
591
New genera and species of mimetic Cleridae from Mexico and Central America (Coleoptera: Cleroidea)
(2017)
New genera and species of putatively mimetic Cleridae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea) are described from Mexico and Central America: Namba testacea, new genus and species from Nuevo León, Mexico; Aulicoides leavengoodi, new genus and species from Jalisco, Mexico; and Quadrophenia, new genus, which includes Q. townshendi, new species, from Mexico, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama, Q. mooni, new species, from Costa Rica, Q. entwistlei, new species, from Guatemala and Honduras, Q. daltreyi, new species, from Costa Rica, and Q. sumidero new species, from Chiapas, Mexico. A key to the species of Quadrophenia is provided. All of the newly described species are hypothesized to be Batesian mimics of aposematically colored coleopteran models, some of which are known to be chemically protected.
590
A systematic redefinition of the species belonging to the genus Geomyphilus Gordon and Skelley, 2007 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) of Mexico and neighboring countries is presented. The new species G. tuzincola of Mexico is described and figured. The new combination Coelotrachelus macgregori (Islas, 1955) is proposed.
589
Distributional records of the 177 tiger beetle species and subspecies known for Vietnam are given together with a key and habitus photos (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae). Tricondyla (Tricondyla) macrodera abruptesculpta Horn, 1925, Protocollyris festiva Naviaux, 2008, Neocollyris (Brachycollyris) purpureomaculata borea Naviaux, 1994, Neocollyris (Brachycollyris) torosa Naviaux, 2010, Neocollyris (Leptocollyris) rogeri Shook and Wu, 2006, Neocollyris (Leptocollyris) laosensis Naviaux, 1999, Neocollyris (Stenocollyris) rubens (Bates, 1878), Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) tricolor Naviaux, 1991, Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) panfi lovi Naviaux and Matalin, 2002, Therates rugulosus Horn, 1900, Therates bannapecolus Sawada and Wiesner, 1999, Calochroa interruptofasciata fl avolineata (Chaudoir, 1865), Cylindera (Ifasina) cyclobregma Acciavatti and Pearson, 1989, Cylindera (Ifasina) decolorata (Horn, 1907), Cylindera (Ifasina) humillima (Gestro, 1893) and Cylindera (Eugrapha) elisae elisae (Motschulsky, 1859) are reported for the fi rst time in the fauna of Vietnam. Neocollyris (Isocollyris) septentrionalis Naviaux, 1999, Neocollyris (Leptocollyris) linearis tenuicornis (Chaudoir, 1864), Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) aptera apicalis (Chaudoir, 1864), Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) contracta (Horn, 1905), Therates dimidiatus wallacei Thomson, 1857, Cylindera (Cylindera) pseudocylindriformis Horn, 1913, Cylindera (Ifasina) viridilabris (Chaudoir, 1852), Cylindera (Ifasina) psilica psilica (Bates, 1866), Cylindera (Eugrapha) venosa (Kollar, 1836) and Myriochila (Myriochila) undulata (Dejean, 1825) are excluded from the fauna of Vietnam
588
587
Adesmus martinsi (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Hemilophini), a new species from Bolivia, is described, illustrated, and included in a previous key. The new species displays gender dimorphism in the pubescent pattern and in anatomical structure. Thus, Adesmus becomes the second genus recorded in the Hemilophini to have visual chromatic dimorphism.
585
A preliminary catalogue of the moths (Lepidoptera except Papilionoidea) of Tobago, West Indies
(2017)
This catalogue comprises records of 355 species of moths (non-papilionoid Lepidoptera) from Tobago, of which 15 are partially identified. Of this total, all except 17 (5%) are known from Trinidad, although not all these records from Trinidad are published yet. Of these 17, eleven are expected to occur in Trinidad as they also occur on the mainland of South America and two are only known from Tobago but will probably also occur in Trinidad. This leaves just four species (1% of the total) that are known from the Lesser Antilles and are currently not known from further south than Tobago. The families represented by the most species are Erebidae, Crambidae, Geometridae, Noctuidae and Sphingidae, which between them account for 73% of records. Taxonomic changes are made as follows. Podalia farmbri (Kaye, 1925) sp. rev. (Megalopygidae) is removed from the synonymy of P. nigrescens Schaus, 1905. Podalia walkeri Hopp, 1935 and P. dimidiata (Walker, 1865) are syn. nov. of P. farmbri Kaye, 1925. Renia bipunctata (Kaye, 1901) (Erebidae) is a comb. nov. for Zanclognatha bipunctata. Aristaria trinitalis Schaus, 1906 (Erebidae) is a syn. nov. of Renia bipunctata Kaye, 1901. Aglaonice deldonalis Walker, 1859 sp. rev. (Erebidae) is removed from the synonymy of A. hirtipalpis Walker, [1859]. Plusiodonta cupristria Kaye, 1923 (Erebidae) is a syn. nov. of Oraesia excitans Walker [1858]. Oroscopa abluta (Schaus, 1912) (Erebidae) is a comb. nov. for Freilla abluta Schaus, 1912, which is a new combination in common use, but not previously published. Ptichodis dorsalis (Fabricius, 1797) (Erebidae) is a comb. nov. for Noctua auct. dorsalis Fabricius, a new combination already in use, but not formally published. I endorse the unpublished conclusion of I.W.B. Nye that Ptichodis basilans (Guenée, 1852) is a syn. nov. of Ptichodis dorsalis (Fabricius, 1797). Ptichodis agrapta Hampson, 1913 is also a syn. nov. of Ptichodis dorsalis (Fabricius, 1797).
584
582
New state records for 49 species of Eucnemidae (Coleoptera) are reported throughout the United States and a single species is newly reported from Utah. Diagnostic remarks are offered for Xylophilus crassicornis Muona and distributional observations are discussed for Dirrhagofarsus lewisi. The importance of retaining by-catch from statewide, regional, and national surveys for future studies is also discussed.
581
Thirty-one species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are reported from South Korea based upon monitoring surveys conducted from 2010 to 2016, along with a dichotomous key to separate them. Six species, Nipaecoccus nipae (Maskell), Palmicultor lumpurensis (Takahashi), Planococcus citri (Risso), Pseudococcus dendrobiorum Williams, Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti), and Pseudococcus orchidicola Takahashi, known only to occur in greenhouses, are considered as adventive mealybug species to South Korea; of these, P. citri has already established in the exterior environment in South Korea.
580
579
A statewide survey of Wisconsin’s Nemonychidae and Anthribidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) was conducted over one full (2012) and two partial (2011, 2013) fi eld seasons. Specimens were collected using a variety of techniques. Two species of the nemonychid genus Cimberis and 22 species of Anthribidae in 13 genera are now confi rmed. Generic and species-level keys for Wisconsin species are provided along with generic and species diagnoses. Species treatments also include a synonymy, a description, and information on natural history, phenology, distribution and collecting methods. Dorsal and lateral habitus images are also provided for most of the species.
578
Tragosoma soror (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Prioninae), a new Nearctic species, is described and compared to its North American congeners. Tragosoma harrisii LeConte, revised status, and Tragosoma spiculum Casey, revised status are both resurrected from synonymy and considered valid species distinct from T. depsarium (Linnaeus). The Mexican T. nigripenne Bates is confi rmed as a valid species. Tragosoma chiricahuae Linsley, new synonym, is placed in synonymy under T. spiculum Casey, and T. sodale Casey, new synonym, T. parvicolle Casey, new synonym, and T. repens Casey new synonym are placed in synonymy under T. harrisii. Tragosoma repens is a junior objective synonym of T. parvicolle. A lectotype is designated for T. sodale. An updated synonymical and distributional checklist of Tragosoma of the world is provided.
577
Two new genera and species of tiger beetles from Baltic amber (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae)
(2017)
Two fossil tiger beetle species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Cicindelinae) are described from Eocene Baltic amber using light microscopic and X-ray microscopic techniques. Both species are considered representatives of the subtribe Iresina Rivalier, 1971 due to the shared combination of character states: glabrous head, six labral and four suborbital setae, and glabrous pronotum. Palaeopronyssiformia groehni Wiesner, Will, and Schmidt, new genus, new species, is characterized by a glabrous and furrowed head with six labral setae, large eyes, presence of two supraorbital setae on each side, mandibles with two teeth of the incisor region, and a glabrous and furrowed pronotum. Palaeoiresina cassolai Wiesner, Will, and Schmidt, new genus, new species, is characterized by a unicolored, undentated labrum, mandibles with two teeth of the incisor region, glabrous head with six labral setae, two clypeal setae, two supraorbital setae on each side, and a glabrous pronotum, mesepisternum, mesepimeron, and metepisternum. The species described here represent the only known tiger beetle fossils preserved in Baltic amber.
576
575
Redescription of adult and observations of the weevil Revena plaumanni Bondar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), preying on seeds of the palm tree Butia eriospatha (Mart. ex Drude) Becc. (Arecaceae), as well as oviposition and larval behavior, pupation site, and adult emergence are reported for the fi rst time in Brazil. Photos of host plant, immature forms (egg, larva and pupa) and adult are given. Illustrations of male and female genitalia are also provided.
574
The New World genus Chariessa Forster (Coleoptera: Cleroidea: Cleridae) is revised and includes C. catalina Opitz, new species, C. elegans Horn, C. dichroa (LeConte), C. floridana Schaeffer, C. pilosa (Forster), C. texana Wolcott, C. ramicornis Perty, C. vestita (Chevrolat), and C. duponti (Spinola). Enoplium pilosa var. marginata Say is synonymized with Chariessa pilosa Forster. Lectotypes are designated for C. pilosa (Forster), C. ramicornis Perty, and C. vestita (Chevrolat). Available information indicates that Chariessa adult and immature individuals are predatory on lignicolous insects with a particular affinity for cerambycids and buprestids that infest species of oak. It is postulated that Pleistocene speciation generated the North American components of Chariessa with more ancient southern species generated during the Middle Tertiary; after closures of the Middle American portals and orogeny of the South American Andes. Included in this treatise is a discussion of natural history, key to species, narratives of zoogeography and phylogeny, one diagram of a phylogenetic tree, 35 line drawings, eight SEM micrographs, twelve habitus photographs, nine photographs of male genitalia, and five distributional maps.
573
With an incident in Palo Duro Canyon, Texas, USA, Scolopendra heros Girard (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae) becomes the third centipede species known to prey on bats; S. gigantea Linnaeus and S. viridicornis Newport have been so documented in Venezuela and Brazil, respectively. The Texas predation was interrupted by the predator/prey pair’s falling around 15–20 m from the canyon wall and, perhaps also, by human presence where they landed. The centipede uncoiled and retreated to shelter under a nearby rock and, after initial immobilization, so did the bat.
572
Abstract. Six new species of Coleoxestia Aurivillius, 1912 (Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae, Cerambycini) are described: C. clarkei from Bolivia; C. chemsaki and C. eyai from Peru; C. fragosoi and C. rafaeli from Brazil; and C. hovorei from Ecuador. Coleoxestia rachelae Eya and Chemsak is also newly recorded from Peru (new country record). Dorsal, ventral and lateral illustrations along with illustrations of various other structures are provided for each of the new species. In some cases, existing key couplets by Eya and Chemsak (2005) or Martins and Monné (2005) are modifi ed to help separate a new species from similar existing species. A reproduction of the general descriptive terminology for the head, prothorax and antennomeres of Coleoxestia, from Fragoso (1993), is also included in the illustrations.
571
A trimaculate male of the diplopod genus Apheloria Chamberlin (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae/-inae: Apheloriini) from 1.3 km (0.8 mi) west of McKenney, Dinwiddie County (Co.), Virginia, is designated the Neotype of Julus virginiensis Drury 1770, thereby stabilizing the earliest name for a North American milliped and authenticating its prior assignment to this taxon. The existing concept of Apheloria is accepted in the absence of a revisionary treatment, and a modern description of A. v. virginiensis with gonopod drawings and color photos is provided. Drury’s original account and his letter to the Virginian who sent him the original specimens are quoted verbatim to eliminate future library searches. The specific name has been associated with at least three genera, and its confusing history is clarified by summarizing works in each. Authentic localities, mapped to the extent now possible, reveal a distribution south of the James River in piedmont and coastal Virginia that extends southwestward to the Blue Ridge foothills and at least as far south in North Carolina (NC) as Greensboro, the “Triangle” (Raleigh/Durham/Chapel Hill region), and Albemarle Sound in the east. Based on the holotypes, A. aspila and A. tigana, both by Chamberlin, are placed in synonymy under A. v. virginiensis (syns. nov.), and although its status is still under review, A. waccamana Chamberlin, whose type locality is Lake Waccamaw, Columbus Co., in southeastern NC, may be the correct name for today’s A. tigana. All samples so labeled must be reexamined for misidentifications of A. v. virginiensis.
570
A detailed study of the holotype of Sphecomyrma canadensis Wilson, 1985 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Canadian amber has led to the conclusion that the specimen belongs to a new genus, here named Boltonimecia gen.n. Since the taxonomy of stem-group ants is not well understood, in order to find the taxonomic position of this genus, it is necessary to review the classifi cation of stem-group ants in a study of their relation to crown-group ants. In the absence of data for traditional taxonomic approaches, a statistical study was done based on a morphometric analysis of antennae. Scape elongation is believed to play an important role in the evolution of eusociality in ants; however, this hypothesis has never been confirmed statistically. The statistical analysis presented herein lends support to the view that antennal morphology reliably distinguishes stem-group ants from crown-group ants, to determine whether a species belongs to one or the other group. This, in turn, may indicate a relationship exists between eusociality and scape elongation. A review of Cretaceous records of ants is made and the higher classification of Formicidae with definitions of stem and crown groups is proposed. Newly obtained data are discussed focusing particularly on the origin, evolution and diversity of ants.
569
A primitive subfamily of false click beetles (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Phlegoninae) distributed primarily in the Neotropical region is revised. Euryphlegon gen. nov. is described from Belize in Central America. New species include: Phlegon chiriquiensis sp. nov. (Panama), Phlegon panamensis sp. nov. (Panama), Euryphlegon jacqueschassaini sp. nov. (Panama) and Euryphlegon parallelus sp. nov. (Belize). Phlegon herculeanus (Lacordaire) stat. res. is resurrected from synonymy with Phlegon buqueti Laporte. One new combination is proposed: Euryphlegon degallieri (Muona) (Phlegon). Based on a number of observed external character traits, Euryphlegon is placed in Orodotini Muona, 1993 within Macraulacinae Fleutiaux, 1922. Identifi cation keys are provided for species of Phlegon and Euryphlegon in the Neotropical region. The relationships among Phlegon, Euryphlegon, Euryptychus LeConte and other groups within Echthrogasterini Cobos, 1964 and Orodotini are discussed.
568
New Bolivian Rhinotragini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae) are described: three species of Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 (P. longiscopifera sp. nov., P. boliviensis sp. nov. and P. chaquensis sp. nov.); and one species of Phygopoides Peñaherrera-Leiva and Tavakilian, 2007 (P. maxwelli sp. nov.). Two Brazilian species of Neophygopoda Melzer, 1933 are transferred to the genus Phygopoda: P. exilis (Melzer, 1933) comb. nov. and P. agdae (Martins, Galileo and Santos-Silva, 2015) comb. nov. All the species are illustrated, and a key to the Bolivian species of Phygopoda and host flower records are provided.
567
The taxonomic history of the rhinotragine genera Phygopoda Thomson, 1864 and Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian and Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) are discussed, and evidence is presented to suggest that some recent taxonomic changes made by Carelli and Monné (2015) were unjustified. Consequently, Phygopoda nigritarsis Gounelle, 1911 is moved to the genus Neophygopoda Melzer, 1933, creating the new combination Neophygopoda nigritarsis, the genera Panamapoda Clarke, 2014 and Paraphygopoda Clarke, 2014 are revalidated, and the species Paraphygopoda viridimicans (Fisher, 1952) and Paraphygopoda nappae Clarke, 2014 are also revalidated.
566
Dipropus tequesta Johnson new species (Coleoptera: Elateridae) is described from southern Florida. Dipropus fuscus (LeConte) is a new synonym of D. soleatus (Say), and D. granosus (Fall) is a new synonym of D. asper (LeConte). The fl ightless female of D. asper is described and provides the fi rst report of brachyptery and endogean habits in Dipropus. A key to the species of the eastern United States and a new checklist of species for the country are provided.
564
563