Insecta Mundi
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530
Nine new species of Rhinotragini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) are described from the Neotropical region: Odontocera galileoae (Mexico); Odontocera mthomasi (Guatemala); Ecliptoides vandenberghei (Nicaragua); Eclipta ricei and Odontocera skelleyi (Costa Rica); Eclipta nearnsi (Panama); Odontocera stangei (Venezuela); Chariergodes lingafelteri and Ischasia martinsi (Costa Rica and Panama). Ischasia rufi na Thomson, 1864 is formally excluded from the fauna of Costa Rica and Panama, and Nicaragua is added as a new country record for Eclipta fi cta Bezark, Martins and Santos-Silva, 2013. Notes on Ecliptoides monostigma (Bates, 1869)
are provided in the “Diagnosis” of E. vandenberghei.
529
The genus Speorthus Chamberlin is revalidated for S. tuganbius Chamberlin and S. reyesi, new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Macrosternodesmidae). The families Polydesmidae and Macrosternodesmidae (as they occur in North America) are briefly discussed, and their component North American genera listed. The validity of Macrosternodesmidae is reaffi rmed; the family is predominantly North American. Nearctodesminae, new status, is formally designated as a subfamily of Macrosternodesmidae. The superfamily Trichopolydesmoidea is synonymized with the superfamily Polydesmoidea, new combination.
528
This revision concerns a small group of Western Palaearctic Copris species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea:
Scarabaeidae) distinguished by having three lateral teeth on the foretibae. According to the literature, this group consists of four taxa: Copris armeniacus Faldermann, 1835, C. felschei Reitter, 1892, C. pueli Mollandin de Boissy, 1905 and C. umbilicatus Abeille de Perrin, 1901. Copris armeniacus is herein deemed a species inquirenda, and C. felschei, for which a neotype is designated, is deemed valid. Copris umbilicatus is recorded for the fi rst time from Turkey. A key to all species of the genus Copris known from the Western Palaearctic is provided. Variability of the cephalic and pronotal armature, and morphology of the parameres are illustrated.
527
The melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a widespread, economically important tephritid fruit fly species. Bactrocera cucurbitae infests fruits and vegetables of a number of different plant species, with many host plants in the plant family Cucurbitaceae, but with additional hosts scattered across many other plant families. Although thought to be native to India, its distribution has spread throughout many countries in Oriental Asia, into a number of Pacifi c Island nations, and into Africa. The documented introductions into countries outside its native distribution show that this species could establish in other countries where it does not presently occur, particularly through the movement of infested fruit. As with other tephritid fruit fly species, establishment of B. cucurbitae can have signifi cant economic consequences, including damage and loss of food production, as well as requirements for implementation of costly quarantine treatments to permit export of commodities susceptible to infestation by B. cucurbitae and inspection of susceptible imported commodities. In order to avoid these adverse economic consequences, one needs to prevent the entry, establishment and spread of B. cucurbitae into a new habitat. To successfully achieve this, an accurate knowledge of the fly’s host plants is essential. Cognizant of this need, we prepared, and present here, a worldwide list of host plants for B. cucurbitae, with annotations on reported laboratory and fi eld infestation data. Overall, 136 plant taxa from 62 plant genera and 30 plant families are identifi ed as hosts of B. cucurbitae, based on reported fi eld infestation data. The predominant family, as expected, is Cucurbitaceae, with 56 plant taxa (41.2% of all host plant taxa) in which fi eld infestation by B. cucurbitae has been documented. The family with the 2nd highest number of documented infested plant taxa is Solanaceae, for which there are published fi eld infestation data for 20 plant taxa (14.7% of plant taxa for which there is documented fi eld infestation). Papers that list plants as hosts of B. cucurbitae based only on laboratory data, those that list plants as a host but do not report any fi eld infestation data, and those that report interception data add an additional 137 host plant taxa, representing a total of 80 genera and 39 plant families, 20 of which are additional plant families beyond those for which there is fi eld infestation data. These additional species must be considered “undetermined” hosts for which additional data are needed to document actual host status. This paper is a comprehensive documentation of host plants of the melon fly based on recorded infestations in laboratory and/or fi eld, interceptions at ports of entry, or “listing only” associations. Host records presented here will be used in vetting and developing the offi cial USDA list of host plants of the melon fly, which will be published by APHIS as a federal order.
526
525
The first myrmecophilous fl ea beetle genus (Myrmeconycha Konstantinov and Tishechkin, new genus) with four new species (M. erwini Konstantinov and Tishechkin, new species – Ecuador, M. gordoni Konstantinov and Tishechkin, new species – Brazil, M. pakaluki Konstantinov and Tishechkin, new species – Panama, and M. pheidole Konstantinov and Tishechkin, new species – Costa Rica) is described and illustrated. It is compared with fl ea beetles of the subtribe Disonychina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) and may be easily differentiated based on the external and internal features, which include the waxy surface of the head and pronotum, reticulated surface of the pronotum, and four longitudinal ridges on each elytron.
524
A new species of Autostichidae, Eraina beechei nov. sp., is described from specimens collected in the Andean mountains of Ñuble, Biobío. Diagnostic characters for the species are presented; photographs of adults, illustrations of male and female genitalia, and a key for identifi cation of Eraina species are provided.
523
The species of Dipropus Germar (Coleoptera: Elateridae) of the west-central region of North America are taxonomically reviewed. Historical records of D. approximatus (Candèze), D. ferreus (LeConte), D. simplex (LeConte) and D. soleatus (Say) in the region are based on misidentifi cations. Dipropus pericu new species is described from Baja California Sur. Dipropus reinae new species, D. sonora new species and D. yaqui new species are described from southern Arizona, New Mexico and Sonora. Dipropus warneri new species is described from Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. Dipropus sus (Candèze) is reported from Morelos, Sonora and Sinaloa as new state records. Keys to the species of the region are provided. The historical value of a specimen of Elater soleatus Say in the Dejean collection is discussed and its lectotype designated. Ischiodontus oblitus Candèze is treated as an objective synonym of Dipropus soleatus.
522
Ptyoiulus Cook 1895, the dominant parajulid diplopod genus in the eastern United States (US), comprises two species – P. impressus (Say 1821), with a slanted, fl ared, circumferentially entire, and marginally serrate apical calyx on the anterior gonopod coxal process, and P. montanus (Cope 1869), n. comb., with a smooth, upright, cupulate calyx that is open caudad and coaxial with the process’ stem. The genus occupies a broad area between the Mississippi River and Atlantic Ocean extending from southern New England, Ontario, and Michigan to the Florida Panhandle and four small disjunct ones – from Montreal, Québec, to northern Vermont, along southwestern Lake Michigan in Wisconsin and Illinois; northeastern/eastcentral Arkansas, primarily in Crowley’s Ridge physiographic feature and beside the “bootheel” of Missouri; and a point locality in northeastern Louisiana just south of the Arkansas line. A male from Chester County (Co.), Pennsylvania, is designated as the neotype of Julus impressus, as is one from Durham Co., North Carolina, for J. montanus. As both species inhabit Montgomery Co., Virginia, the type locality of J. montanus, we exercise the right of first reviser, conserve the latter name, and assign it to the species with the smooth, cupulate, and coaxial calyx. We also exercise first reviser rights and assign Parajulus ectenes Bollman 1887 to this form, thereby relegating it to synonymy under Ptyoiulus montanus. Other new synonymies include Ptyoiulus georgiensis Chamberlin 1943 under P. impressus and P. coveanus Chamberlin 1943 under P. montanus. Both Ptyoiulus and P. impressus are projected for Delaware and Rhode Island and newly reported from Québec, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Maryland, Mississippi, South Carolina, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wisconsin, and the genus and species, respectively, are newly documented from Louisiana and Arkansas; P. montanus is newly cited from Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina. Ptyoiulus impressus occupies every state except perhaps Louisiana and is the only species in areas that were inundated during the Cretaceous and glaciated during the Pleistocene; by contrast, P. montanus inhabits a relatively narrow east/west transect through the center of the generic range. Their distribution patterns suggest an old species, montanus, being actively displaced by the younger and more successful impressus. The decurvature of the epiproct in uroblaniulinines appears to increase with age and developmental stage. A key is presented to parajulid familygroup taxa in the US and Canada east of the Rocky Mountains.
521
520
519
Cnestus mutilatus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is reported from Pennsylvania for the fi rst time, new state record. Specimens were collected using baited Lindgren funnels as early as 2013. Within Pennsylvania, C. mutilatus is now reported from Berks, Bucks, Lehigh, Montgomery, and York Counties.
518
Five new species of Bakerius Bondar (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae: Aleurodicinae) are described and illustrated from the Americas and Vietnam based on the adult, nymph, and pupal stages: Bakerius asiaticus, Bakerius colombianus, Bakerius hondurensis, Bakerius leei and Bakerius peruvianus. The following six species: Bakerius attenuatus Bondar 1923, Bakerius calmoni Bondar 1928, Bakerius marmoratus (Hempel 1923), Bakerius phrygilanthi Bondar 1923, Bakerius sanguineus Bondar 1928, and Bakerius sublatus Bondar 1928 are re-described. An identification key to the New World genera of the subfamily Aleurodicinae, and a key to the adults and the puparia of Bakerius species are provided.
517
516
Himaloaesalus gaoligongshanus Huang and Chen, new species (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Aesalinae) is described from the Gaoligongshan Mts., Yunnan, China. It is the fi fth species of the genus Himaloaesalus Huang and Chen. This new species is similar to the Himalayan species Himaloaesalus himalayicus Kurosawa and H. saburoi Araya et al., from which it is distinguished. The male and female genitalia of all the known species of Himaloaesalus are illustrated. Dorcus yongreni Huang and Chen, new species (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae) is described from Ruili area, Yunnan, China. It belongs to the elegans group (Huang and Chen 2013). This new species is similar to the Indian species Dorcus apatani (Okuda and Maeda), new combination, originally described in Digonophorus Waterhouse. The male genitalia of both species are compared and illustrated.
514
Four species of the genus Enoclerus (Coleoptera: Cleridae) are reported to prey on chemically protected Coccinellidae in North America. The possibility that aposematically colored Enoclerus also mimic prey ladybird species is discussed, and the further possibility that clerid predators acquire chemical protection through sequestration of ladybird prey’s toxic alkaloids is suggested as an important avenue of investigation. The data presented are primarily based on photographs taken by non-specialists, discovered through Internet search. The crowdsourcing of natural history observations can reveal aspects of animal behavior heretofore unreported and even unsuspected.
513
512
Two new species of Eburiini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae) are described from Mexico (Guerrero): Susuacanga boteroi; and Eburia (Eburia) girouxae. Both are included in previous keys.
511
The Republic of Panama currently has 300 recorded species of Trichoptera distributed among 14 families. Herein we add 42 new country records for Panama, including one new family (Anomalopsychidae) and three new genera (Anomalopsychidae: Contulma; Hydroptilidae: Byrsopteryx and Cerasmatrichia). The newly recorded caddisfly taxa increase Panama’s total known fauna to 342 species, distributed among 15 families and 50 genera. These results are part of an ongoing effort to characterize the caddisfly fauna of Panama, and to evaluate that country’s major watersheds (cuencas).
510
A new species of Neostenoptera (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Winnertziinae) from eastern North America
(2016)
A new species of paedogenetic gall midge, Neostenoptera appalachiensis sp. nov., (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Winnertziinae: Heteropezini) from the eastern United States is described and illustrated, and pertinent collection and biological data are also provided. It is compared to its congeners, N. kiefferi (Meunier), a subfossil described from African copal, and N. congoensis Gagné, from the Congo. This rare, exciting discovery is the first record of the genus Neostenoptera in the New World.