European journal of taxonomy : EJT
Paris : Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
ISSN: 2118-9773
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Institute
943:154–178
The genus Tekellina Levi, 1957 is currently composed of ten species, six of which are Neotropical. They are small-sized spiders (0.9 to 1.5 mm), with a wide distribution, with a great diversity in the Neotropical Region and well represented in Brazil. In this article, males and females of the species Tekellina bella Marques & Buckup, 1993 and T. crica Marques & Buckup, 1993 are redescribed and illustrated. The female of Tekellina minor Marques & Buckup, 1993 is described and illustrated for the first time. New records are included for Neotropical species. Tekellina guaiba Marques & Buckup, 1993 is synonymized with T. pretiosa Marques & Buckup, 1993. Three new species are described for Brazil: Tekellina picurrucha Rodrigues & Estol sp. nov. (São Paulo, Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul), Tekellina miuda Rodrigues & Estol sp. nov. (São Paulo and Paraná) and Tekellina miudinha Rodrigues & Estol sp. nov. (São Paulo). Distribution maps with new records and an identification key of the Neotropical species are also presented.
943:218–238
The Indian species of the genera Orionis Shaw and Stenothremma Shaw (Braconidae, Euphorinae) are reviewed. Both genera are reported for the first time from India. Three new species, Orionis shillongensis Gupta, van Achterberg & Pattar sp. nov. from north-eastern India (Meghalaya), O. femorator Gupta, van Achterberg & Pattar sp. nov. from southern India (Karnataka and Tamil Nadu) and Stenothremma flavator Gupta & van Achterberg sp. nov. from southern India (Karnataka) are illustrated and described. A key to the Old World species of Orionis Shaw is provided.
943:179–217
The family Dendrodorididae has a global distribution, with prevalence in tropical and subtropical intertidal zones. Three species of Dendrodorididae were collected from the intertidal zone of the northern coast of the Persian Gulf in Iran. Based on anatomical, histological, and molecular investigations they can be assigned to Dendrodoris fumata, Dendrodoris nigra, and a new species of Doriopsilla, D. aroni sp. nov. Molecular analyses of CO1 and 16S, including all genera of Dendrodorididae, members of the sister taxon Phyllidiidae, and other dorid outgroups resulted in a polyphyletic genus Dendrodoris, which is in contrast to the nuclear gene studies. Our molecular results confirm the differentiation between Dendrodoris rubra and D. fumata. Dendrodoris nigra, D. fumata, and D. krusensternii each consist of several clades, indicating cryptic species complexes requiring further investigation. We describe the presence of bacteria for the first time in the vestibular gland of D. fumata. Validation of the specimens of Doriopsilla from the Persian Gulf as a new species is supported by haplotype networking, genetic distance, and ABGD analyses of mitochondrial genes. Our CO1 analysis confirms a previous hypothesis that Cariopsilla is a junior synonym of Doriopsilla.
943:127–143
Four new species of the genus Catonidia Uhler, 1896, C. triangula sp. nov., C. saccata sp. nov., C. trilobata sp. nov. and C. uncinata sp. nov. from China (Fujian, Guizhou, Yunnan and Hainan provinces), are described and illustrated, giving the genus 14 species in total. A checklist and key to all known species of Catonidia are provided, as well as a map of their geographic distributions.
943:24-58
New World lampyrid taxonomy faces severe taxonomic impediments. Most species remain known from original taxonomic descriptions only, often insufficient for accurate identification. Therefore, the study of type specimens is critical to ensure proper identification. The Russian entomologist Viktor Ivanovich Motschulsky was one of the most important authors of firefly (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) taxonomy during the XIXth century, and his work is still relevant today. Part of his material, including the type specimens of several species, is deposited at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Unlike their European, Asian, and Oceanian counterparts, the taxonomy of Neotropical fireflies is still in its infancy, partly due to largely outdated literature and difficulties in accessing type specimens. Here, we review the type specimens of 38 firefly species deposited at ZIN, 15 of which are holotypes and 7 are lectotypes. For each specimen, the name-bearing status, condition of preservation, as well as the associated label data are provided. Lectotypes are designated for the following species described by Motschulsky: Bicellonycha lividipennis, Ellychnia californica, Lychnuris klugii, Macrolampis longipennis, Pseudolychnuris suturalis, Telephoroides lineaticollis, Telephoroide occidentalis.
943:144–153
Nerillids are small marine annelids, once placed at the artificial group ‘Archiannelida’, which contained all families of the exclusively interstitial polychaetes. Nerillidae is the most species rich family among them, with 71 species grouped into 15 genera, and represents an important component of the interstitial fauna, occupying a wide bathymetric range. Despite its problematic placement among the ‘Archiannelida’ families, the group per se is considered monophyletic. Currently, only two species of Paranerilla are valid, both being reported from the northern hemisphere. It is presented herein as the first description of a species of Paranerilla from tropical waters, named as Paranerilla schiavettii sp. nov., which is also considered as a unique record by the presence of a modified acicular spine in noto- and neuropodia from chaetiger 3–7, not mentioned in its congeners descriptions. Hence, we also propose an emendation on the genus diagnosis to embrace the presence of acicular spines within Paranerilla. So, the presented information complements the current knowledge about the group’s taxonomy and expands its distribution to South Atlantic waters.
943:239-287
Thought to be monotypic for decades, the only species in the goosefish genus Lophiomus Gill, Lm. setigerus (Vahl), shows a wide range of morphological variation and is distributed widely in the Indo-West Pacific (IWP). In this study, datasets for two mitochondrial and two nuclear genes sequences obtained from samples of Lophiomus collected in different localities across the IWP were constructed and analyzed to explore the phylogeny and species diversity within the genus. Our integrated approach with multiline evidence unveiled an unanticipated richness of at least six delimited species of Lophiomus. Herein, based on materials already available from museums and new specimens obtained primarily through the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos program surveying IWP benthic fauna, we formally describe three new species: Lm. immaculioralis sp. nov., Lm. nigriventris sp. nov., and Lm. carusoi sp. nov. Also, we resurrect Lm. laticeps stat. rev. from synonyms of Lm. setigerus. These species can be diagnosed by genetics, body coloration, patterns on the floor of the mouth, peritoneum pigmentation, morphometric measurements, and meristic counts of cranial spines, dorsal-fin spines, and pectoral-fin and pelvic-fin rays from each other and from Lm. setigerus. The species Lm. setigerus, as well as the genus Lophiomus, are re-described accordingly based on the new results. Amended identification keys to the four extant lophiid genera and to species of Lophiomus are also provided.
943:80-126
Four new species of the genus Catonidia Uhler, 1896, C. triangula sp. nov., C. saccata sp. nov., C. trilobata sp. nov. and C. uncinata sp. nov. from China (Fujian, Guizhou, Yunnan and Hainan provinces), are described and illustrated, giving the genus 14 species in total. A checklist and key to all known species of Catonidia are provided, as well as a map of their geographic distributions.
943:59-79
In the present study, a revision of the phylogeny and taxonomy of the family Dorididae is carried out focusing on the genus Doris Linnaeus, 1758. The type species D. verrucosa Linnaeus, 1758 and a blueish and yellow morphotype of D. ocelligera collected in different localities in the Mediterranean Sea and the North-East Atlantic were sequenced, as well as D. bertheloti and the elusive D. marmorata for the first time. The genetic markers include the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 16S rRNA, and histone 3. The phylogenetic results suggest that the genus Doris is paraphyletic, and D. ocelligera morphotypes separate into two species, as confirmed with species delimitation tests. To complement the phylogenetic evidence with morphoanatomical data, the dissection of two specimens of each morphotype is conducted. Significant differences in morphological traits such as body shape, colouration patterns, and mantle tubercles come to light, together with anatomical differences in the relative shape and size of the radular teeth and reproductive structures. Considering the modern and old descriptions of D. ocelligera, it is finally concluded that the blueish morphotype belongs to D. ocelligera. In contrast, the yellow morphotype responds to the actual synonym Aldisa berghi (Vayssière, 1901), which is resurrected here as Doris berghi comb. rest. Considering the broad phylogeny of the family, some systematic notes at the genus level are here provided.
943:1-23
The fossil record of the diverse subfamily Passifloroideae (>750 species and 17 genera) is relatively poor. Despite the distinctiveness of its leaves (glandular and often emarginate), most of the fossils from this group have been described from seeds. Fossil seeds have been recovered from Europe, and North and South America. A lack of information on seed morphology for all the genera and tribes of this subfamily has prevented a tribe-level identification of the fossils and a better understanding of their biogeographic patterns. The Passifloroideae is divided into three tribes: Passifloreae with 10 genera, Paropsieae with six genera and the monotypic Jongkindieae. This study provides new descriptions for 15 species from 5 genera from the mostly Afrotropical tribe Paropsieae based on herbarium material, and introduces an online seed database and a key for 100 species of Passifloroideae compiled from literature and direct observations. Our study shows a low morphological diversity among the seeds of Paropsieae in comparison to a much larger diversity within Passifloreae. Some rare morphologies are only present in Passifloreae and can be used to assign seeds to this tribe. Within the Paropsieae, Androsiphonia has seed that are very distinct from those in the other genera in the tribe and also from the rest of the subfamily. The genus Paropsia exhibits two main morphotypes, while the genera Barteria, Paropsiopsis and Smeathmannia have very similar seeds with a highly conserved morphology. These results suggest that living or fossil Paropsieae cannot be identified confidently based solely on seed characters.
943:288-307
Species lists play an important role in biology and practical domains like conservation, legislation, biosecurity and trade regulation. However, their effective use by non-specialist scientific and societal users is sometimes hindered by disagreements between competing lists. While it is well-known that such disagreements exist, it remains unclear how prevalent they are, what their nature is, and what causes them. In this study, we argue that these questions should be investigated using methods based on taxon concept rather than methods based on Linnaean names, and use such a concept-based method to quantify disagreement about bird classification and investigate its relation to research effort. We found that there was disagreement about 38% of all groups of birds recognized as a species, more than three times as much as indicated by previous measures. Disagreement about the delimitation of bird groups was the most common kind of conflict, outnumbering disagreement about nomenclature and disagreement about rank. While high levels of conflict about rank were associated with lower levels of research effort, this was not the case for conflict about the delimitation of bird groups. This suggests that taxonomic disagreement cannot be resolved simply by increasing research effort.
943:308-309
942
Rove beetles (Staphylinidae) are a diverse insect group, especially in the Neotropical region. At the same time, this fauna remains significantly understudied. During our visits to museum collections, we encountered numerous specimens of undescribed species representing the Neotropical genus Neolindus Scheerpeltz, 1933 which was earlier thought to be rare. To address the knowledge gap in the genus, we studied the museum material that resulted in descriptions of 21 new species. Our work involves the redescription of the genus, descriptions of the new species, and an updated identification key to 39 previously described and new species. The newly described species are Neolindus bicornis Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. elegans Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. longithorax Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. luxipenis Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. maya Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. minutus Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. napo Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. niger Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. ornatus Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. parahermani Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. paraplectrus Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. parasinuatus Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. parautriensis Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. pseudosensillaris Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. sauron Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. sibyllae Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. triangularis Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. tropicalis Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. utriensis Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., N. volkeri Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov., and N. yotokae Guzman, Tokareva & Żyła sp. nov. This research emphasises the importance of museum collections in advancing taxonomy and enriching biodiversity knowledge. With these contributions, the known number of species of Neolindus reaches 60, thereby enhancing data on the Neotropical rove beetles diversity. Additionally, we provide several new country records for the genus (Guyana, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Suriname), which widen its distribution, and new occurrence records for the described species of Neolindus, N. agilis Herman, 1991; N. apiculus Herman, 1991; N. basisinuatus Herman, 1991; N. campbelli Herman, 1991; N. cuneatus Herman, 1991; N. hermani Asenjo, 2011; N. irmleri Asenjo, 2011; N. lodhii Herman, 1991; N. procarinatus Herman, 1991; N. punctogularis Herman, 1991; and N. retusus Herman, 1991.
941
Four new species of the Australian genus of Eurybrachidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha) Olonia Stål, 1862 are described from northern Queensland: O. albomarginata sp. nov., O. aschei sp. nov., O. jackiei sp. nov. and O. lindae sp. nov. Host plants and natural history data are documented and additional new records provided for O. guillaumei Constant, 2018, O. hochae Constant, 2018, O. picea Kirkaldy, 1906, O. rubicunda (Walker, 1851) and O. soulierae Constant, 2018. Trophobiosis is recorded for the first time in the genus, between a female of O. hochae and ants of the genus Camponotus Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), representing the second record of trophobiosis in Australian Eurybrachidae. The male terminalia of the new species are illustrated and photographs of collection and live specimens, distribution maps, biological data and an identification key are provided. The genus Olonia currently contains sixteen species.
940
Twenty-one species of Mysidae were sampled by three ANDEEP expeditions to the Southern Ocean with epibenthic sledges dragged over the deep-sea floor in the realm of 58–71° S and 00–65° W, depth 774–5190 m. Previously known ranges are significantly extended southward for four species and to greater depth in the same four species plus two other species. Supplementary descriptions are given for Amblyops tattersalli and Dactylamblyops murrayi, and a first description of a (subadult) male for Thalassomysis tattersalli. The definitions of the genera Amphiakrops gen. nov., Chelamblyops gen. nov., Desmocornea gen. nov. and Schizurakrops gen. nov. are mainly based on the structure of the eyes as well as of the antennal peduncle, chelate second thoracic endopod and telson. These structures are also important for the descriptions of Amblyops arianii sp. nov., A. bipapillatus sp. nov., Amblyopsoides fenestragothica sp. nov., A. lepidophthalma sp. nov., Amphiakrops brandtae gen. et sp. nov., Dactylamblyops benthophilus sp. nov., Desmocornea subchelata gen. et sp. nov., Paramblyops petrescui sp. nov., Schizurakrops meesi gen. et sp. nov., Scolamblyops muehlenhardtae sp. nov., Stellamblyops doryphorus sp. nov. and Mysidella antarctica sp. nov. Six previously described taxa are recombined as Amblyopsoides laticauda comb. nov., Amphiakrops bidigitatus comb. nov., A. japonicus comb. nov., Chelamblyops globorostris comb. nov., Meierythrops tattersalli comb. nov. and M. triangulatus comb. nov. One species is revised back to the initial combination as Dactylamblyops japonicus. All except one (Mysidella antarctica sp. nov.) newly described (12), newly recombined (6) or back-combined (1) species belong to the Erythropinae. Keys to the resulting 61 genera and 263 species of Erythropinae and 18 species of Mysidellinae are given at the world-wide scale. Ocular papillae with a terminal pore (sensory pore organ) are recorded in nine ANDEEP species. The organ of Bellonci is identified on the reduced eyes in 16 species, among which D. subchelata gen. et sp. nov. has many ommatidia arranged in a self-contained ribbon which shows a banded rhabdom only in non-adults. Reduction of visual elements together with shrinking of ocular papillae during ontogenetic development suggest that non-adults of D. subchelata and T. tattersalli stay in the photic zone for feeding and growth and then descend only once during their lifetime to the abyss for reproduction.
939
Until now, the genus Porcelliniodes Miers, 1877 is represented in the Ibero-Balearic region by seven species. The study of 721 specimens from Portugal and Spain has led to the identification of 11 species, including poorly known species, and the description of a new species, Porcellionides ibericus sp. nov. This new species is characterized by the absence of transverse ridges on the pereonites, medium-sized lateral lobes on the cephalon, the pleon slightly retracted in relation to the pereon, pereopods without sexual differentiation, and a truncated posterior inner tip in the male pleopod I. We consider P. glaber (Koch, 1856), P. hispanus (Vandel, 1953), P. lucasioides (Vandel, 1953), P. lusitanus (Vandel, 1946), and P. molleri (Verhoeff, 1901) as valid species, while P. buddelundi (Verhoeff, 1901) and P. rufocinctus (Dollfus, 1892) are considered species inquirendae. Five species are recorded for the first time in some Portuguese districts and seven in some Spanish provinces.
938
As insect decline threatens the fauna of Central Europe, “dark taxa” present an obstacle to understanding biodiversity loss. The superfamily Platygastroidea is a dark taxon, with many superficial descriptions requiring examination of type material to characterize and revise species and genera. The Natural History Museum Vienna (Naturhistorisches Museum Wien) is arguably the most important historical collection of Platygastroidea in Central Europe. Type specimens from 85 species in 21 genera and three families are here catalogued and photographically illustrated, including previously undocumented types described by Förster, Kieffer, Nees von Esenbeck, and Ratzeburg. Lectotypes are designated for Anteris bicolor Kieffer, Anteris simulans Kieffer, Hadronotus laticeps Kieffer, Leptacis foersteri Kieffer, Plastogryon investis Kieffer, Plastogryon sagax Kieffer, Prophanurus mayri Kieffer, and Telenomus laeviceps Förster. Trissolcus schimitsheki (Szelényi) syn. nov. is treated as a junior synonym of Trissolcus scutellaris (Thomson) and Telenomus nomas Förster syn. nov. is treated as a junior synonym of Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees). Baeus maculatus (Förster) comb. nov. is transferred from Telenomus. Historical, taxonomic, and curatorial remarks are included, providing an essential foundation for revisionary work on the Platygastroidea of Central Europe and beyond.
937
Research on the Heteroptera fauna of Turkey has not been extensive enough to illustrate its true diversity. Although several factors contribute to this, the lack of an up-to-date and comprehensive review is a basic factor. To address this issue, we compiled a list of all the Heteroptera species recorded from Turkey in the literature and iNaturalist. In addition, we re-examined several specimens preserved in the Lodos Entomological Museum, İzmir, Turkey (LEMT). Consequently, we excluded 24 species from the checklist of Heteroptera fauna of Turkey, and proposed a new synonymy: Psallus (Psallus) pardalis Seidenstücker, 1966 = Psallus (Psallus) oenderi Wagner, 1976 syn. nov. Furthermore, we recorded following six species from Turkey for the first time: Blissus hirtulus Burmeister, 1835 (Blissidae), Loricula (Loricula) pselaphiformis Curtis, 1833 (Microphysidae), Globiceps (Globiceps) coryli V.G. Putshkov, 1970, Heterocordylus (Heterocordylus) cytisi Josifov, 1958, Mesopsallus fagi (Drapolyuk, 1990) and Psallus (Psallus) helenae Josifov, 1969 (Miridae); and described following six species as new for science: Orthonotus efei Çerçi & Koçak sp. nov., Orthotylus (Parapachylops) oenderi Çerçi, Tezcan & Koçak sp. nov., Orthotylus (Pinocapsus) girayi Çerçi & Tezcan sp. nov., Psallus (Psallus) eceae Çerçi & Koçak sp. nov., Psallus (Psallus) pehlivani Çerçi & Tezcan sp. nov. and Ribautocapsus tezcani Çerçi sp. nov. Altogether, 1668 species of Heteroptera have been recorded from Turkey (664 species in the European part and 1633 species in the Anatolian part) until now, out of them, the presence of 37 species needs confirmation. We determined the chorotypical composition of species as follows: Mediterranean (399 spp., 23.9%), European (380 spp., 22.8%), Local (280 spp., 16.8%), Widespread (182 spp., 10.9%), Endemic (128 spp., 7.7%), Turanian (127 spp., 7.5%), Turano-Mediterranean (89 spp., 5.3%), Europeo-Mediterranean (68 spp., 4.1%) and Alien (12 spp., 0.7%). We showed that provinces in the Eastern Anatolian, Southeastern Anatolian, and Black Sea regions had lower numbers of species recorded, compared to the provinces in the remaining regions. Finally, we underlined that 109 species, absent from Turkey, were recorded from three or more neighboring countries of Turkey. In summary, our findings emphasize that despite the abundant research devoted over the last 150 years to the Heteroptera fauna of Turkey, our understanding of it remains incomplete in the majority, if not in all, of the regions. Our findings strongly encourage further research, particularly in regions with small numbers of recorded species. This endeavor will undoubtedly lead to numerous novel discoveries and provide a better understanding of the true Heteroptera diversity in Turkey.
936
The Chinese members of the genera Leptothorax Mayr, 1855 and Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 are reviewed based on the morphological characters of the worker caste, and 66 species are recognized in China to date. A new synonym is proposed: T. opaciabdomin (Chang & He, 2001) is a junior synonym of T. mongolicus (Pisarski, 1969). Twenty-eight new species of Temnothorax, T. bailu sp. nov., T. chun sp. nov., T. chunfen sp. nov., T. chushu sp. nov., T. dahan sp. nov., T. dashu sp. nov., T. daxue sp. nov., T. dong sp. nov., T. dongzhi sp. nov., T. guyu sp. nov., T. hanlu sp. nov., T. jingzhe sp. nov., T. lichun sp. nov., T. lidong sp. nov., T. liqiu sp. nov., T. lixia sp. nov., T. mangzhong sp. nov., T. qingming sp. nov., T. qiu sp. nov., T. qiufen sp. nov.,T. shuangjiang sp. nov., T. xia sp. nov., T. xiaohan sp. nov., T. xiaoman sp. nov., T. xiaoshu sp. nov., T. xiaoxue sp. nov., T. xiazhi sp. nov., T. yushui sp. nov., are described from China based on worker caste. Three species of Temnothorax, T. desioi (Menozzi, 1939), T. susamyri (Dlussky, 1965) and T. volgensis (Ruzsky, 1905) are recorded in China for the first time. The following eight species are recorded in a province or autonomous region of China for the first time: Leptothorax acervorum (Fabricius, 1793) is a new record in Qinghai, Sichuan and Yunnan; Temnothorax angulohumerus Zhou et al., 2010 is a new record in Guizhou and Tibet; T. argentipes (Wheeler, 1928) is a new record in Sichuan and Yunnan; T. mongolicus (Pisarski, 1969) is a new record in Inner Mongolia; T. reticulatus (Chang & He, 2001) is a new record in Beijing, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Shaanxi and Yunnan; T. spinosior (Forel, 1901) is a new record in Yunnan; T. taivanensis (Wheeler, 1929) is a new record in Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan; and T. zhejiangensis Zhou et al., 2010 is a new record in Henan and Guangxi. A key based on the worker caste is provided for the 66 known Chinese species.
935:81-100
We review the diagnosis of the genus Eugenys Quate, 1996 (Diptera: Psychodidae) which occurs in the Neotropical Region. Initially known from Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama, we describe one additional species from Costa Rica, Eugenys singularis sp. nov., and two species from Ecuador, namely, Eugenys micra sp. nov. and E. upsilon sp. nov., bringing the total known species to six. This study provides detailed descriptions of the new species based on male and female specimens, along with the first DNA barcodes for the genus and some of the newly described species. We also provide an identification key for identifying male specimens of the genus worldwide. Finally, we discuss the morphological characteristics of Eugenys and compare the genus with other taxa, tentatively suggesting a placement within the tribe Pericomaini.
935:29-53
Five new species of the genus Phlugiolopsis Zeuner, 1940 (Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae) from China
(2024)
This paper reports five new species of Phlugiolopsis Zeuner, 1940 from Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangxi in China, i.e., Phlugiolopsis luojishanensis sp. nov., Phlugiolopsis lata sp. nov., Phlugiolopsis rongshuiensis sp. nov., Phlugiolopsis acuta sp. nov. and Phlugiolopsis daweishanensis sp. nov. We present a redescription of the male of Phlugiolopsis punctata Wang, Li & Liu, 2012, describe the female of Phlugiolopsis punctata Wang, Li & Liu, 2012 and the male of Phlugiolopsis pentagonis Bian, Shi & Chang, 2013 for the first time. In addition, images illustrating the morphology of these species and seven previously described species are provided. The distribution map of the genus Phlugiolopsis from China is also provided.
935:101-121
Two species new to science Willowsia sikkimensis sp. nov. and W. arunachalensis sp. nov., and one new record of the genus Willowsia Shoebotham, 1917 are described and illustrated here. The new species are mainly distinguished from the others on the basis of pigment pattern, scale type and chaetotaxy. The species were collected from the states of Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim (India). Willowsia shiae Pan, Zhang & Chen, 2006 is recorded for the first time from India (Arunachal Pradesh) and redescribed with detailed chaetotaxic nomenclature. A key to the Indian species of Willowsia and a comparison table of related species are also provided.
935:1-28
Field work in the Kibira National Park (Burundi), located in the Kivu-Ruwenzori system of the Afromontane Region, revealed the existence of a new species clearly belonging to the Argocoffeopsis-Calycosiphonia clade (Coffeeae, Rubiaceae). The species shows striking heterophylly: the plagiotropous branches have several nodes bearing reduced or even scaly leaves. For the rest, it shares characters with Calycosiphonia and Kupeantha. Therefore, a morphological comparison with the clade is done, as well as molecular phylogenetic analyses. The morphology of the novelty is closer to Kupeantha than to Calycosiphonia, inter alia because the anthers have no transverse septa, in contrast to the multilocellate anthers of Calycosiphonia. However, the molecular data advocate for a position in Calycosiphonia – a result weakening the morphological distinction between Calycosiphonia and Kupeantha. The former genus is no longer restricted to species with transverse septa in the anthers and with placental outgrowths around the seed. The new species is formally described as Calycosiphonia albertina Ntore & Robbr. sp. nov. Nomenclaturally, this placement is also the most conservative option. A taxonomic treatment, illustrations, a geographical distribution map, and a preliminary conservation assessment are provided. The previous inclusion of Calycosiphonia pentamera in Kupeantha based on morphology is here corroborated by molecular analyses.
935:54-80
A new genus and species of Parabathynellidae (Crustacea: Bathynellacea), Megabathynella totemensis Camacho & Abrams gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Northern Territory, Australia. This species is the first to be described from an Australian cave. It is a new giant species (4 to 6 mm). The new species displays several unique morphological character states within Parabathynellidae and is the only known species with: more than 12 articles on antennules, with a short, curved barbed seta on each article from the fifth; eight setae on the last article of antennae; more than three setae on the mandibular palp; up to 17 articles on the exopod of the thoracopods, without ctenidia but with a strong spine on each article at the base of the external seta; strong row of pair of spines on latero-external side of second article of endopod in all thoracopods; the male thoracopod VIII is different from all those known; more than 50 spines on the sympod of the uropod and more than 35 spines on the furcal rami. Specimens of the new species are morphologically different from all known species, but more closely resemble some giant species of the genera Kampucheabathynella (Asia), and Billibathynella and Brevisomabathynella (Australia).
935:122-136
Two new species of Fomitopsidaceae, Pseudofomitopsis fusca R.Saha, A.K.Dutta & K.Acharya sp. nov. and Fomitopsis benghalensis R.Saha, A.K.Dutta & K.Acharya sp. nov., are described from West Bengal, India, based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses (nuclear ITS sequence). Pseudofomitopsis fusca sp. nov. possesses perennial, triquetrous to ungulate, sessile basidiocarps with a shiny, glabrous, azonate, dark brown upper surface, a yellowish grey pore surface with angular pores (3–5 per mm), a dimitic type of hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, fusoid cystidioles; ellipsoid, cotton blue positive, and basidiospores 3–5 × 1.5–3.5 µm. Fomitopsis benghalensis sp. nov. is characterized by its annual, resupinate basidiocarp with pilose, bluish white to orange-grey, warty, woody upper surface, bluish-white pore surface, circular to angular pores (5–7 per mm), a trimitic type of hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, fusoid cystidioles, and cylindrical to elongate basidiospores (5.5–8 × 2.5–3.5 µm). The new taxa are compared to closely related taxa. Photomicrographs of the basidiocarps, along with detailed morphological descriptions and a molecular sequence-based phylogenetic tree, are provided.
935:256–282
Two new species of Perinereis with single bar-shaped paragnaths on area VI (Group 1) from the rocky shores of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, are described with barely (Subgroup 1A) or largely (Subgroup 1B) expanded proximal region of dorsal ligule in posterior parapodia. Perinereis malabarensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from the morphologically similar 1B species P. euiini Park & Kim, 2017 by the paragnath count in area I, the laterally isolated paragnaths in area III, and the length of the dorsal cirrus and dorsal ligule. Additionally, P. misrai sp. nov. is more similar to 1A species P. falsovariegata Monro, 1933 and P. villalobosi Rioja, 1947, but differs by the paragnath count in areas III–V and VII–VIII, the isolated paragnaths in area III, and the number of rows in the anterior band of areas VII–VIII. The morphological characters of the current 44 species within Perinereis G1 are compared, and an identification key to the species belonging to this group is also provided.
935:137–165
Systematics of the Sierra Nevada endemic earwig: Eulithinus analis (Forficulidae, Dermaptera)
(2024)
Since the description of Eulithinus analis (Rambur, 1838) the taxonomic position of this Sierra Nevada endemic earwig has been controversial. It has been subdivided in different taxa, assigned to various genera or transferred to different subfamilies. With the aim of clarifying its systematics, we performed a mitochondrial phylogeographic analysis using specimens from different localities of Sierra Nevada representing the diverse phenotypes treated as differentiated taxa until now, and a phylogenetic analysis including representatives of apparently distant, but morphologically close, relatives. The phylogenetic and phylogeographic results obtained using mitochondrial (cytb, cox1) and nuclear (ITS2) markers and the study of morphological characters, indicate that the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range harbors a single species of the genus Eulithinus. Based on these molecular data, the morphological characters used to date in the internal taxonomy of this group of earwigs, especially size and shape of the cerci, lack diagnostic validity and show a large inter- and intra-populational variability. These results imply the synonymy of Eulithinus montanus (Steinmann, 1981) with Eulithinus analis (Rambur, 1838) syn. nov. and the reconsideration of Eulithinus analis outside the subfamily Allodahliinae. We established the synonymy between Eulithinus analis (Rambur, 1838) and Forficula brevis Rambur, 1838 syn. nov., a name that must be removed from the synonymy of Forficula decipiens Gené, 1832.
935:203-240
A collection of 1149 otoliths of the Ypresian and Ypresian–Lutetian transition (early Eocene) from 18 sites across five states in the eastern and southern regions of the USA was analyzed. In total, 33 otolith-based taxa are documented, of which 27 are identified at the species level. Nine of these are introduced as new species: “Conger” biaculeatus sp. nov., Bauzaia gibbosa sp. nov., Ampheristus brevicaudatus sp. nov., Symmetrosulcus virginicus sp. nov., Neobythites longesulcatus sp. nov., “Neobythites” pamunkeyensis sp. nov., “Neobythites” stringeri sp. nov., Waitakia dorsogibbosa sp. nov., and “Haemulon” ypresiensis sp. nov. The assemblages are distinct when compared to their younger Eocene counterparts in America. This distinction is primarily characterized by the high proportion of the newly introduced species or exclusive Ypresian species. Additionally, we highlight the presence of 10 amphi-Atlantic species originally described in European deposits. Significantly, the composition of the otolith collection supports the interpretation of a shallow-water environment for the sampled sites during the Ypresian. This ecological setting appears to persist into the subsequent middle and late Eocene within the same geographic region.
935:166-202
The nine genera of Malagasy spittlebug are revised, with the addition of new characters, facilitating the identification of the species. Nesaulax Jacobi, 1917, is synonymized with Amberana Distant, 1908, leading to a new combination for Amberana vittipennis (Bergroth, 1894). A new endemic genus Soulierana Bucher & Bouteille gen. nov. is proposed for two species originally placed in Literna Stål, 1866, based on morphological characters of the head, tegmina and male genitalia. Also, three new species are described in this genus: Soulierana bigidea Bucher gen. et sp. nov., Soulierana claudinae Bouteille gen. et sp. nov. and Soulierana kelymena Le Cesne gen. et sp. nov. Pictures of species and drawings of the male genitalia for all genera, with the exception of Rhinaulax Amyot & Serville, 1843, Alluaudensia Lallemand, 1920 and Literna, are included. An identification key is available in both a dichotomous format and an interactive format (Xper3).
935:283–292
935:293-306
Phyllanthus novofriburgensis J.C.R.Mendes, J.M.A.Braga & Fraga sp. nov. and P. pedrosae J.C.R.Mendes, J.M.A.Braga & Fraga sp. nov. are new species of Phyllanthaceae described from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Brazilian Cerrado, respectively. Phyllanthus novofriburgensis resembles P. acutifolius Poir. ex Spreng., P. hypoleucus Müll.Arg. and P. lilliputianus J.C.R.Mendes, J.M.A.Braga & Fraga, sharing ovate, elliptical, and lanceolate leaf blades. However, it can be distinguished by its pendulous habit, often with sinuous branches and lanceolate leaf blades with characteristically revolute margins. Phyllanthus pedrosae exhibits morphological similarities with P. claussenii Müll.Arg. due to its subshrubby and prostrate habit. It is distinghuished by the unisexual inflorescence with cymules composed of one or two staminate flowers proximally positioned in the axil of the branches and solitary pistillate flowers distally situated, and the 5-merous calyx in the staminate and pistillate flowers. Both new species are classified in Phyllanthus subgen. Phyllanthus sect. Phyllanthus subsect. Clausseniani G.L.Webster, primarily due to the deeply emarginate anthers. Notes on their geographical distribution and habitat are provided, as well as a key to the species of Phyllanthus from Southeastern Brazil.
935:241–255
The taxonomic status of recently described Isophya taxa from Serbia (Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae)
(2024)
During recent decades, increasing research of the taxonomy of the genus Isophya resulted in taxonomic descriptions of several new species. The delimitation of these species is mainly based on oscillographic song analysis of the male song in combination with morphological characters, such as the shape of male cerci, tegmina and ovipositor. In the present paper, we used an integrative taxonomic approach in order to resolve the status of four recently described Isophya taxa from Serbia. Based on our molecular and bioacoustic analyses, all analyzed taxa belong to a single species: Isophya modestior. The majority of the morphological characters used to differentiate the taxa showed strong intra- and interpopulational variability, proving that describing new species within the genus Isophya should not rely on morphological characters alone, but needs to consider bioacoustic analyses as the main tool and a larger series of specimens.
934:93-186
In this second part of the study, using a ‘clean’ dataset without very low precision landmarks and outliers, I describe how to compare mandibular size and shape using Procrustes methods in adult North American marmots. After demonstrating that sex differences are negligible, females and males are pooled together with specimens of unknown sex and species are compared using a battery of tests, that estimate both statistical significance and effect size. The importance of allometric variation and its potential effect on shape differences is also explored. Finally, to provide potential clues on founder effects, I compare the magnitude of variance in mandibular size and shape between the Vancouver Island marmot (VAN) and the hoary marmot, its sister species on the mainland. In almost all main analyses, I explore the sensitivity of results to heterogeneous sample size and small samples using subsamples and randomized selection experiments. For both size and shape, I find a degree of overlap among species variation but, with very few exceptions, mean interspecific differences are well supported in all analyses. Shape, in particular, is an accurate predictor of taxonomic affiliation. Allometry in adults, however, explains a modest amount of within-species shape change. Yet, there is a degree of divergence in allometric trajectories that seems consistent with subgeneric separation. VAN is the most distinctive species for mandibular shape and mandibular morphology suggests a long history of reduced variation in this insular population. Geometric morphometrics (GMM) is a powerful tool to aid taxonomic research. Regardless of the effectiveness of this family of methods and the apparent robustness of results obtained with GMM, however, large samples and careful measurements remain essential for accuracy. Even with excellent data, morphometrics is important, but its findings must be corroborated with an integrative approach that combines multiple lines of evidence to taxonomic assessment. The analytical protocol I suggest is described in detail, with a summary checklist, in the Appendix, not to miss important steps. All the analyses can be replicated using the entire dataset, which is freely available online. Beginners may follow all the steps, whereas more experienced researchers can focus on one specific aspect and read only the relevant chapter. There are limitations, but the protocol is flexible and easy to improve or implement using a programming language such as R.
934:1-92
Taxonomy lays the foundations for the study of biodiversity and its conservation. Procrustean geometric morphometrics (GMM) is a most common technique for the taxonomic assessment of phenotypic population differences. To measure biological variation and detect evolutionarily significant units, GMM is often used on its own, although it is much more powerful with an integrative approach, in combination with molecular, ecological and behavioural data, as well as with meristic morphological traits. GMM is particularly effective in taxonomic research, when applied to 2D images, which are fast and low cost to obtain. Yet, taxonomists who may want to explore the usefulness of GMM are rarely experts in multivariate statistical analyses of size and shape differences. In these twin papers, I aim to provide a detailed step-by-step guideline to taxonomic analysis employing Procrustean GMM in user-friendly software (with tips for R users). In the first part (A) of the study, I will focus on preliminary analyses (mainly, measurement error, outliers and statistical power), which are fundamental for accuracy, but often neglected. I will also use this first paper, and its appendix (Appendix A), to informally introduce, and discuss, general topics in GMM and statistics, that are relevant to taxonomic applications. In the second part (B) of the work, I will move on to the main taxonomic analyses. Thus, I will show how to compare size and shape among groups, but I will also explore allometry and briefly examine differences in variance, as a potential clue to population bottlenecks in peripheral isolates. A large sample of North American marmot mandibles provides the example data (available online, for readers to replicate the study and practice with analyses). However, as this sample is larger than in previous studies and mostly unpublished, it also offers a chance to further explore the patterns of interspecific morphological variation in a group, that has been prominent in mammalian sociobiology, and whose evolutionary divergence is complex and only partially understood.
933
Taxonomic analysis of the genital plates and associated structures in Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata)
(2024)
Recently, new insights have been gained from the ophiuroid skeleton that were instrumental in the inference of a new phylogeny. The so far least studied ossicles are the adradial and abradial genital plates and the radial shields, which articulate with each other and support the genital slit and disc. In addition, the inner sides of the oral shields and madreporites have never been examined in detail. The present study utilized SEM, micro-CT and digital photography to document and examine these structures in 57 species from 28 of the currently accepted 34 families of Ophiuroidea. Early ontogeny and fossils were also considered. Previously, mainly the articular structures had been analysed, but the overall shape of the genital plates was here found to hold important phylogenetic signals. A long-neglected ossicle was re-discovered and studied in detail for the first time, here named the oral genital plate. It was recognized in all Ophintegrida, but was found to be absent in all Euryophiurida. The oral genital plate articulates with the oral shield and supports the proximal part of the genital slit wall. Abradial and oral genital plates were found to be absent in species that lack genital slits, but the adradial genital plate was always present. Numerous new morphological characters with potential phylogenetic signals were identified, described and figured in detail. A pre-existing character matrix was extended and revised with these new data, as well as with recently revised data on oral papillae, and a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis was performed. This phylogeny largely agrees with the current molecular hypothesis, but some branches were not supported.
932:252–270
Two new species, Habrocestum sahyadri sp. nov., and Irura shendurney sp. nov. are described from the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala. The unknown female of Habrocestum kerala Asima, Caleb, Babu #38; Prasad, 2022 is described and three other species: Gelotia lanka Wijesinghe, 1991, Phintella accentifera (Simon, 1901) and Vailimia jharbari Basumatary, Caleb #38; Das, 2020 are recorded from the locality. Detailed descriptions, diagnosis and illustrations of the species are provided.
932:34-68
Diversity and distribution of intertidal Microporella (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida) from California
(2024)
Seven species of the cheilostome bryozoan genus Microporella were identified across 15 rocky intertidal sites spanning 940 km of the California coast, from Mill Creek in the Montereyan Pacific Transition Region north to Point Saint George in the Mendocinian Region. Colonies of Microporella were found encrusting boulders and mollusc shells. Among these species, three are new to science, namely Microporella dentata Chowdhury & Di Martino sp. nov., M. pauciperforata Chowdhury & Di Martino sp. nov. and M. rota Chowdhury & Di Martino sp. nov. Three other species, M. californica, M. setiformis, and M. umbonata have previously been recorded from other localities in California. Finally, Microporella neocribroides, originally described from off Kodiak Island, Alaska, and subsequently found in Hokkaido, Japan, was recorded in California for the first time. An additional new species, M. similis Chowdhury & Di Martino sp. nov., was identified through the re-examination of museum material previously attributed to M. cribrosa and M. californica. These newly acquired data allowed for a more comprehensive examination of the distribution of species, intraspecific variability, and potential predator-induced teratologies in certain species, thanks to the availability of numerous colonies from various sites and the re-examination of museum records. Altogether, this study increases the known Recent diversity of Microporella in California’s waters to a total of 18 species.
932:82–111
Zebragryllus Desutter-Grandcolas & Cadena-Castañeda, 2014 is a Neotropical genus of field crickets that inhabits the leaf litter of the Amazon rainforest. The genus has six species and is characterized by the distinct ‘zebra’ pattern displayed by some of them. The species are recorded in French Guiana, Peru, and Colombia. Here, we describe two new species of the genus from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, the first record of the genus for Brazil. We expand the records of Z. guianensis Desutter-Grandcolas, 2014 and Z. nouragui Desutter-Grandcolas, 2014 to Brazil. We also describe but do not name two females corresponding to two new species, provide an up-to-date key for species of Zebragryllus, and discuss the potential distribution for the genus.
932:112–137
Angel sharks (Squatina spp. Duméril, 1805) are a group of coastal benthic sharks distributed worldwide, currently including threatened and understudied species. Two species are formally described along the East Pacific coast, the California angel shark S. californica Ayres, 1859 and the Chilean angel shark S. armata (Philippi, 1887). The latter species occurs in the southeastern Pacific and has historically been understudied. Additionally, the original description of S. armata lacks sufficient data to confidently identify individuals of this species compared to modern descriptions, and no type specimen is currently available to ensure specimen identification. Detailed morphological descriptions for identifying species are an essential resource for solving taxonomic issues in groups of morphologically similar species and to promote the conservation of critically endangered species. Therefore, a neotype from the type locality is here designated for S. armata, and a detailed and standardized morphological characterization based on modern taxonomic works is provided. This work contributes in improving the knowledge on the Chilean angel shark taxonomy and provides an improved frame of reference for identifying angel sharks in the East Pacific, especially in areas where species may occur in sympatry.
932:158-203
The review of the taxonomic status of Herpetoreas xenura species complex, based on morphological and molecular data, revealed a new species from Myanmar, which we describe as Herpetoreas davidi sp. nov. from the Rakhine Yoma Elephant Wildlife Sanctuary in Rakhine State. It is suggested to be a sister species to Herpetoreas pealii and Herpetoreas xenura sensu stricto, and can be separated from the latter species by a combination of morphological and scalation characters, and by its pattern. Another population from the Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary, Sagaing Region, was previously confused with H. xenura. However, as a closer examination of its morphology, shows it to be closer to Hebius khasiensis, we herein tentatively refer to this population as Hebius khasiensis, pending further molecular data confirming its taxonomic status. Consequently, we propose to temporarily remove Herpetoreas xenura from the fauna of Myanmar. Further studies, especially in the northwestern region of Myanmar, such as near border with India in Chin Hills and Naga Hills, are required. An updated key for the species of Herpetoreas is also provided.
932:271-304
Belostomatidae Leach, 1815 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) of northeastern Brazil
(2024)
Belostomatidae Leach, 1815 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha), also known as giant water bugs, is a family with 11 genera and about 160 described species, most of which are recorded from the Neotropical region. Knowledge about these bugs in northeastern Brazil is relatively poor, with 16 previously recorded species. Here, we present new records for five additional species based on material from the states of Ceará, Maranhão, and Piauí deposited in the Coleção Zoológica do Maranhão, Caxias, Brazil. This increases to 21 the number of species recorded from the region. In addition, we provide photographs, distribution maps, and a key to the fauna of Belostomatidae from northeastern Brazil.
932:225-251
Diospyros L. is a large genus of flowering plants predominantly distributed in the tropics. It comprises over 700 species globally and around 300 are believed to occur in South-East Asia. Many species are economically important and exploited for the production of ebony wood and persimmons, yet taxonomic information on the genus is incomplete and inconsistent due to its morphological and nomenclatural complexity. Revisions of Diospyros in continental and insular South-East Asia were conducted independently by different authors, occasionally with different names used for the same species, or different species being given the same name in different countries. During our ongoing study of the genus Diospyros in Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam), we identified several such instances. Here, we clarify the most commonly misidentified species, including 1) D. apiculata Hiern, D. strigosa Hemsl. and D. tamiriensis Lecomte; 2) D. bejaudii Lecomte and D. retrofracta Bakh.; 3) D. dictyoneura Hiern and D. hasseltii Zoll.; 4) D. borneensis Hiern and D. fecunda H.R.Fletcher. Lectotypifications are also made for D. brachiata King & Gamble var. lanceolata H.R.Fletcher, D. fecunda, D. similis Craib and D. strigosa.
932:138-157
The cosmopolitan pipunculid genus Dasydorylas Skevington, 2001 includes just a few species from the Neotropical Region and is completely unknown to Colombia. Three new species of Dasydorylas are described from protected areas and conflict territories of limited access in Colombia, namely Dasydorylas colombiensis sp. nov. (type locality: Santuario de Fauna y Flora Iguaque, Boyacá), D. gibber sp. nov. (type locality: Santuario de Fauna y Flora Iguaque, Boyacá), and D. santainesensis sp. nov. (type locality: Páramo de Santa Inés, Belmira, Antioquia). Diagnoses, illustrations and distributional data of the new species are presented. Dasydorylas nigellus (Rafael, 1991) is recorded for the first time from Colombia and its amended diagnosis is provided. An identification key to males of all Neotropical species is presented. With this paper, the number of Neotropical species of Dasydorylas is increased from six to nine.
932:204–224
An update on the diversity and distribution of Caponiidae from Peru is presented. New distributional records for Caponina cajabamba Platnick, 1994 are given and the male is described for the first time. Additionally, three new species of the genus Nyetnops Platnick & Lise, 2007 are described: Nyetnops alexanderi Villarreal & Martínez sp. nov. (♂♀), Nyetnops madre Villarreal & Martínez sp. nov. (♂♀) and Nyetnops josei Villarreal & Martínez sp. nov. (♂). The taxonomic key proposed by Sánchez-Ruiz et al. (2020) for Nyetnops is updated to include all the described species as well as the new ones proposed herein. Maps showing the distribution of the records of Caponiidae species in Peru, mainly focused on the genus Nyetnops is included.
932:69-81
932:1-33
Two new endemic genera of Therevinae are described from Madagascar. Rinhatiana gen. nov. contains three new species (R. arctifestuca gen. et sp. nov., R. cracentis gen. et sp. nov. and R. latifestuca gen. et sp. nov.) as well as R. distincta (Lyneborg, 1976) comb. nov., which is transferred from Stenopomyia Lyneborg, 1976. Tianarinha gen. nov. is described containing two new species, T. goodmani gen. et sp. nov. and T. micet gen. et sp. nov. All species are diagnosed and figured along with distribution data.
931
The cleptoparasitic bee genus Triepeolus Robertson, 1901 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is revised for species occurring in South America. A total of nine species are confirmed from the continent, of which T. tuberculifer Onuferko, Rightmyer & Roig-Alsina sp. nov. is newly described. Four new synonymies are proposed: T. aguilari Moure, 1955 syn. nov. and T. megadelphus Cockerell, 1914 syn. nov. under T. buchwaldi (Friese, 1908); T. bilineatus Cockerell, 1949 syn. nov. under T. flavipennis (Friese, 1916); and Epeolus merus Brèthes, 1909 syn. nov. under T. nemoralis (Holmberg, 1886). Males of T. alvarengai Moure, 1955 and T. rufotegularis (Ashmead, 1900) and females of T. atoconganus Moure, 1955 and T. cecilyae Packer, 2016 are described for the first time. Lectotypes are designated for the following (all originally described under Epeolus Latreille, 1802 but now recognized as Triepeolus): E. buchwaldi, E. flavipennis, E. osiriformis Schrottky, 1910 and its junior synonym E. luteipes Friese, 1916, and E. rufotegularis. Diagnoses and complete descriptions/redescriptions are provided for all species, along with a fully illustrated dichotomous identification key (with Portuguese and Spanish versions available as supplementary material) to distinguish them based on external morphological features. Additionally, known collection records and information about the ecology of the treated species are presented.
930:20-52
We describe a new species of karst-dwelling pitviper from Chumphon Province of Peninsular Thailand, in the Isthmus of Kra, based on morphological and molecular data (2427 bp from cyt b, ND4 and 16S rRNA mitochondrial DNA genes). Morphologically, Trimeresurus kraensis sp. nov. is distinguished from other congeners by the following combination of morphological characters: a dark/bottle-green dorsum with reddish-brown or purple crossbands; pale green venter lacking dark dots; stripes present on the lateral sides of the ventrals; internasals generally in contact; one large supraocular scale on each side of the head; iris pale copper; tail brown with dark purplish-brown crossbars; dorsal scales in 21–21–15 rows; ventral scales 167 in a single male, 169–171 in females; subcaudal scales 62 in a single male, 52–54 in females, all paired. White vertebral spots present in males, located on approximately every two or four dorsal scales; dark brown spots forming discontinuous pattern present on 1–3 lateral dorsal scale rows; males with reddish-brown postocular stripe with jagged edges. The new species differs from the morphologically similar species Trimeresurus venustus s. str. by a notable divergence in cytochrome b mitochondrial DNA gene sequences (p = 5.9%).
930:53–78
In the vast abyssal plains northwest of Iceland, white glass sponges of the genus Caulophacus Schulze, 1886 were inhabited by reddish Bythocaris G.O. Sars, 1870 shrimps and pinkish amphipods. After in situ observations at 3700 m depth, in -1°C waters by a remotely operated vehicle, members of this assemblage were collected and preserved for molecular studies. Based on integrative taxonomic analyses, the amphipods were identified as a new species of the genus Halirages Boeck, 1871 – Halirages spongiae sp. nov. Lörz, Nack & Tandberg –, as described in detail below. Part of our integrative approach was to establish reference DNA barcodes for known species of Halirages. However, our investigation of material of Calliopiidae G.O. Sars, 1895 collected around Iceland and Norway revealed slight morphological discrepancies in all the described species of Halirages. Except for Halirages fulvocinctus (M. Sars, 1858), none of the encountered specimens of Calliopiidae fully matched a current species description. We illuminate the morphological characteristics of nine operational taxonomic units, which also represented clades in COI and 28S. We set the Icelandic samples in the context of Halirages from Canada and Norway. A key to the world species of Halirages is provided.
930:1-19
Two new species of aulacid wasps, Pristaulacus iuliae Turrisi & Nobile sp. nov. from South India (Karnataka) and Pristaulacus ninae sp. nov. from Peninsular Malaysia (Pahang), are described, figured and compared with most related species. Based on the present addition, the Indomalayan area currently includes 27 species of Pristaulacus Kieffer out of 61 known from the whole Oriental Region, which is however a largely underestimated number. An identification key to species and an updated checklist of Pristaulacus occurring in the Indomalayan area are provided.
930:277–313
The use of integrative taxonomy has confirmed the existence of a new distinct crab species, cryptic, within the group of the former genus Liocarcinus, now Polybius, closely related to P. holsatus, P. vernalis and P. marmoreus. Previous reports have considered it to be the Atlantic form of P. vernalis, or as a species “affinis” or “comparable to” P. holsatus. Diagnostic morphological characters are presented for identification and the morphological variability in these species, mainly within P. vernalis (the most related) is analysed. Furthermore, based on molecular and other previous data, a new combination (genus change) is proposed. This new species, Polybius dioscurus sp. nov., lives on infralittoral sandy bottoms, coexisting with the other species mentioned, in the temperate and subtropical zone of the North Atlantic Ocean, including the Alboran Sea (westernmost Mediterranean).
930:124-156
Four new species of the jumping spider genus Stenaelurillus Simon, 1886 are described from India: Stenaelurillus feral Tripathi, Kuni & Kadam sp. nov. (♂, from the Eastern Coastline), S. naldurg Kuni, Kadam & Tripathi sp. nov. (♂♀, from the Deccan Plateau), S. judithbleisterae Kadam, Tripathi & Kuni sp. nov. (♂♀, from the Western Ghats) and S. solapur Kuni, Tripathi & Kadam sp. nov. (♂♀, from the Deccan Plateau). Detailed diagnoses, descriptions, illustrations, natural history and distribution map are provided. Additionally, new locality records for the other five species within the states are presented and mapped.
930:229-248
The genus Jambu gen. nov. is proposed based on two new species: Jambu paru gen. et sp. nov. and Jambu manoa gen. et sp. nov. Hapalopus butantan is transferred to Jambu; consequently, Jambu butantan gen. et comb. nov. is proposed. The geographic distribution of J. butantan is extended on the basis of new material collected. The new genus and the new species are here diagnosed, described and illustrated. The shape of the genitalia of Jambu resembles that of Hapalopini but differs from most of them by the presence of type IV urticating setae. The presence of this type of urticating setae allows us to hypothesize that this new genus is phylogenetically related with Grammostolini. Males of Jambu differ from those of other genera of Grammostolini by the presence of a paraembolic apophysis on the palpal bulb. Females also differ from those of other Grammostolini by the spermathecae morphology, with one medial lamp-shaped or heart-shaped receptacle. The homology of some features and the taxonomic placement of the new genus are discussed.
930:205–228
Cicadellinae is a relatively large subfamily of leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with a cosmopolitan distribution with most genera known to occur in the Neotropics. Mexico houses nearly 16% of the total genera and most are endemic, inhabiting threatened native forests. Here, a new unusual Mexican genus, Christopherus gen. nov., is described to accommodate a new species of Cicadellini, C. mictlantecuhtli sp. nov., collected in the endangered Cloud Forest of Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca State of Mexico, based on dry-pinned museum specimen data. The new taxa can be separated from other Neotropical Cicadellini genera easily using male genitalia features: (i) pygofer without processes, (ii) segment 10th without processes, (iii) paraphysis absent, and (iv) edeagus with single basal atrial process elongate and asymmetrical. The monotypic genus Gillonella with its type species, G. ampulla Nielson & Godoy, 1995, are redescribed. A detailed extensive morphological description and discussion to distinguish the new genus from allied red-striped Neotropical genera in Mexico, Central America, and South America are given. Distributional data for new taxa within Mexican forests is also provided.
930:79-123
In this study, I describe two new species of Macrobiotus based on morphological data collected through light and scanning electron microscopy. Both species are accompanied by DNA sequences from four commonly used molecular markers (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, ITS-2, and COI). Macrobiotus ovovittatus sp. nov. was discovered in Greenland and can be distinguished from similar taxa of Macrobiotus by its continuous, solid, and clearly wrinkled egg surface, adorned with sparse, very small and irregularly spaced pores. Additionally, the terminal discs of egg processes are covered in multiple light-refracting dots, resembling crocheted napkins. Macrobiotus mileri sp. nov. was found in Israel and is characterized by unique pore arrangements in its body cuticle, expressed in two distinct animal forms: (i) forma porata with large pores arranged in five distinct patches and (ii) forma aporata with single, almost undetectable pores. It also features weakly defined convex terminal discs with smooth edges. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analyses conducted in this study offer the most updated phylogeny of superclade I within the family Macrobiotidae. This facilitates additional discussion concerning the interrelationships among species within the genus Macrobiotus and the circumscription of species groups within it.
930:314–315
930:182-204
A re-analysis of the morphological phylogeny of the Nopinae is made, based on an update in the description of Aamunops Galán-Sánchez & Álvarez-Padilla, 2022 and the addition of the recently described genera Nopsma Sánchez-Ruiz, Brescovit & Bonaldo, 2020 and Roddemberryus Sánchez-Ruiz & Bonaldo, 2023. Two new species, Aamunops hoof sp. nov. (male) and Aamunops yiselae sp. nov. (male and female), are also described, which allows a better understanding of the genus morphology and resulted in an emended diagnosis. The description of Aamunops has been updated to include several characteristics of the ultrastructural morphology, legs, chelicerae, palps and female genitalia. The inclusion of these new characters of Aamunops along with those of Nopsma and Roddemberryus in the previous data matrix resulted in a new, completely different hypothesis of the relationships of the nopine genera: Nopsma is part of a group formed by Cubanops and Nyetnops, while Aamunops and Roddemberryus are grouped with representatives of Tarsonops. The four-eyed Nopsides ceralbonus Chamberlin, 1924 was recovered as the most basal species of Nopinae. The relationships among genera of Nopinae and the phylogenetic position of three species, whose taxonomic position is doubtful (Cubanops luquillo Sánchez-Ruiz, Brescovit & Alayón, 2015, Orthonops confuso Galán-Sánchez & Álvarez-Padilla, 2022 and Tarsonops irataylori Bond & Taylor, 2013), is also discussed.
930:157-181
The ant genus Syscia Roger, 1861 is a cryptobiotic group of the subfamily Dorylinae. In this study, eight species of this genus from Asia are recognized, including two new species, Syscia arcodorsa sp. nov. and S. zhoui sp. nov., both described from Guangxi in China. In addition, Cerapachys guizhouensis Zhou, 2006 is redescribed and transferred to Syscia as S. guizhouensis (Zhou, 2006) comb. nov. The species Syscia typhla Roger, 1861 is removed from the ant fauna of China. Lastly, a key to species of Syscia from Asia based on the worker caste is presented.
930:249–276
Two new species of Strandesia Stuhlmann, 1888 are described from the northeastern part of Thailand: S. karanovicae sp. nov. and S. amnatcharoenensis sp. nov. Strandesia karanovicae is characterized by a tumid carapace in dorsal view, a small anterior overlap, the absence of a dorso-subapical seta on the first segment of the antennule (A1), a large aesthetasc Y on the antenna, an α seta shape with a needle-like tip and a large β seta on the mandibular palp (Md-palp), serrated bristles on the maxilla, a long h1 seta on the second thoracopod (T2) and a slender caudal ramus (CR). Strandesia amnatcharoenensis has a small compressed posterior part of the right valves (RV) which makes it closely related to S. pholpunthini Savatenalinton, 2015. The new species can be distinguished primarily by a considerably small anterior overlap of the left valve over the right valve (RV), a postero-ventral flange of the RV, a remarkably large claw Ga of the CR and the chaetotaxy of the limbs, especially A1, Md-palp and T2. In addition, in the present study, the sexual population of S. martensi Savatenalinton, 2015 is recorded for the first time, and thus the first description of the male is provided here. Moreover, the morphological examination of both males and females revealed differences between asexual and sexual females and also points to the fact that S. martensi is a mixed reproduction species. This is the first record of the mixed reproductive mode in the genus Strandesia or even in the Cypricercinae.
929
The enigmatic ‘y-larvae’ (Thecostraca: Facetotecta) are microscopic marine planktonic crustaceans that were discovered more than a century ago, yet to this day their adults remain unknown. Despite occurring locally in large diversities, and therefore presumably being of ecological importance, only 17 species have been described globally, rendering it practically impossible to identify any y-larval specimen from any locality. The fact that species have been based on different life stages (nauplii and/or cyprids) further hampers identification. Y-larvae include many forms with planktotrophic (feeding) nauplii and even more with lecithotrophic (non-feeding) nauplii. At one coral-reef locality on the shore of Sesoko Island (Okinawa, Japan), extensive fieldwork in 2018 and 2019 confirmed an enormous taxonomic diversity of y-larvae there. Here, we present morphological diagnoses and an identification key for 34 lecithotrophic y-naupliar types (or morphospecies), which will correspond minimally to the same number of species when described. As a temporary measure, all are referred to by alphabetical parataxonomic designations, except for three that have been formally described already within the genus Hansenocaris Itô, 1985. To this should be added an additional 7–9 planktotrophic y-naupliar morphospecies, which are only treated briefly. Most often, y-larval taxonomy has been based on the cyprid stage, but the large morphological diversity of y-nauplii suggests that nauplii are at least as important for taxonomy. Lecithotrophic y-nauplii display a multitude of body shapes, the form-evolution of which is discussed here with reference to a recent molecular phylogeny of Facetotecta partly based on material from the same site. An indirect estimate of the relative abundances of all 34 lecithotrophic y-naupliar morphospecies is presented, based on laboratory-reared final-instar specimens. This treatment is intended as a step towards a proper taxonomy and a revised classification of Facetotecta, which will involve detailed descriptions of both nauplii and cyprids. Until such work progresses, the present overview of the y-naupliar fauna of a single Okinawan locality known to be a hotspot of y-larval diversity is offered as a baseline for further surveys of Facetotecta elsewhere in the Indo-West Pacific and beyond.
928
A taxonomic revision of the oil-collecting bees of the subgenus Epicharis (Epicharitides) Moure, 1945 is provided. A total of nine species were recognized: E. cockerelli Friese, 1900; E. duckei Friese, 1901; E. iheringi Friese, 1899; E. luteocincta Moure & Seabra, 1959; E. minima (Friese, 1904); E. obscura Friese, 1899, and E. rufescens Moure & Seabra, 1959, along with E. mesoamericana sp. nov. and E. lia sp. nov., two new species from the Central American and Amazonian provinces, respectively. Redescriptions, diagnoses, and figures of specimens of both sexes, floral records, distribution maps, an identification key, and an updated catalogue of all species of the group are also provided. In addition, the lectotype of E. duckei was also designated to stabilize the application of the name.
927
The taxa of the subgenus Turritus of Cochlostoma (Cochlostomatidae) are analysed based on molecular and morphological data. The phylogenetic trees, based on ribosomal (16S) and nuclear (H3) DNA, indicate that the currently accepted taxonomy should be revised. Based on our data, there are 37 species in Turritus of which 5 are new to science: Cochlostoma (Turritus) pallgergelyi sp. nov., C. (T. ) muranyii sp. nov., C. (T. ) hallgassi sp. nov., C. (T. ) kontschani sp. nov. and C. (T. ) lacazei sp. nov. Of these, we describe the shells and the female genitalia and summarize the distributional data. Some samples (or set of samples) will remain undetermined for lack of data and these are reported in the appendix.
926
Though recent investigations have contributed substantially to our understanding of the Alpine-Dinaric radiation of the genus Zospeum Bourguignat, 1856, its southernmost member, Zospeum troglobalcanicum Absolon, 1916, has remained a taxonomic ghost. The assumed absence of type material, the insufficient original description, and the lack of new samples from its Western Balkan type locality have stymied further clarification. The recent discovery of a single syntype shell housed at the Natural History Museum Vienna now enables the first morphological assessment via 3D X-ray and SEM imaging. Based on this image data, different characters for assessing the southernmost members of the genus are determined and a lectotype is designated. Eleven allied species from 15 Western Balkan populations are described from museum material and recent sampling efforts: Z. amplioscutum Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. biokovoense Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. constrictum Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. dubokidoense Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. intermedium Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. kolbae Jochum, Inäbnit, Kneubühler & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. neuberti Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. njegusiense Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. njunjicae Jochum, Schilthuizen & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. tortuosum Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov. and Z. tumidum Jochum, Schilthuizen & Ruthensteiner sp. nov. One species, Z. kolbae, is described using DNA sequence data and one species, Z. simplex Inäbnit, Jochum & Neubert, 2021 for which DNA sequence data is already available, is supported by morphological data presented in this study. The DNA sequence dataset (COI, 16S and H3) is included here and implemented in the most recent phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus. A translation of Karel Absolon’s notes from the Balkan scientific expeditions is provided.
925:220-267
Although initially described as a subgenus of Copris Geoffroy, 1762, Homocopris had long been treated as a junior synonym of Dichotomius Hope, 1838 (Martínez 1951) until it was reclassified as a distinct genus (Vaz-de-Mello et al. 2010). Herein, we revisit the taxonomy of Homocopris. In doing so: we describe two new species previously considered to represent the Brazilian population of Homocopris torulosus (Eschscholtz, 1822); revalidate Pinotus punctatissimus from synonymy under Homocopris torulosus and place it in Homocopris as had previously been done only informally (González et al. 2015; Rebolledo et al. 2017); recognize two new synonymies; and describe a new genus, Andinocopris gen. nov., which includes two former members of Homocopris. Presently, Homocopris includes four species: H. torulosus, H. punctatissimus (Curtis, 1845) comb. nov., H. grossiorum sp. nov. and H. williami sp. nov. Andinocopris includes A. achamas (Harold, 1867) gen. et comb. nov. and A. buckleyi (Waterhouse, 1891) gen. et comb. nov. Pinotus simulator Luederwaldt, 1936 is here considered a new junior synonym of Andinocopris buckleyi. An identification key to members of both genera is provided as well as images of diagnostic characters for all species. Finally, we discuss the placement of Andinocopris and Homocopris within Scarabaeinae and propose a new tribe, Homocoprini tribe nov., to include both genera.
925:292-320
The genus Neocranaus Roewer, 1913 is revisited, its composition is expanded from two to five species and a new generic diagnosis is presented. Neocranaus albiconspersus Roewer, 1913, type species of the genus, is redescribed. The genus Tolimaius Roewer, 1915 syn. nov. is considered as a junior subjective synonym of Neocranaus, its sole member being transferred to Neocranaus – N. pectinitibialis (Roewer, 1915) comb. nov. – and redescribed here. The new combination Neocranaus laevifrons (Roewer, 1917) comb. nov. is proposed for Holocranaus laevifrons Roewer, 1917. The new species Neocranaus gladius Villarreal & Kury sp. nov. is described, from P.N.N. Yariguíes, Santander Department, Colombia. For the first time, the genital structure of this genus is illustrated. A key to the identification of the males of Neocranaus and some considerations about the reproductive biology of N. albiconspersus and N. pectinitibialis are presented.
925:268–291
Empty shells (thanatocoenoses) have been reviewed of species in the genus Granulina (Gastropoda: Granulinidae) from the lower shelf and upper bathyal zones off Mauritania and Western Sahara. We encountered nine species of which four were already known from off Mauritania. Four new species are proposed herein: Granulina reginae sp. nov., G. ronaldi sp. nov., G. sandrae sp. nov. and G. sigridae sp. nov. These four sympatric new species lack labial denticles and they probably form a phyletic clade with a common ancestor. Most hitherto known species in Granulina from the NE Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean possess labial denticles. One additional new species with denticles was left in open nomenclature because the material available was considered inadequate. Species in Granulina from Mauritania and Western Sahara have not been found off NW Morocco or the Canary Islands, and the species known from NW Morocco and the Canary Islands have not been found off Mauritania and Western Sahara. The southern extents of the distributions of the Mauritanian species are currently uncertain as additional sampling would be required off Senegal or further South. A key to Mauritanian species in Granulina is given.
925:135-160
A comprehensive review of the enigmatic genus Masona van Achterberg is provided. Two new species are described from the USA: Masona neon Dal Pos & Martens sp. nov. from Puerto Rico, and Masona wow Dal Pos & Martens sp. nov. from California. A key to the world species of Masona is presented, together with a discussion of the morphology of the genus and an annotated catalogue of the species. [Masona] timpaynei Quicke, 2019, is excluded from Braconidae and placed as incertae sedis in the Ichneumonidae, subfamily Neorhacodinae.
925:321-324
925:179–219
Sipuncula are marine unsegmented worms that can be found in benthic habitats, from shallow to deep-sea waters. In Mexico these worms have been scarcely studied. Among nine studies in the entire Mexican Pacific coasts, seven are from the central and northwestern Mexican Pacific. For over 80 years, only 24 species have been recorded. To improve the knowledge of the sipunculans from the central and northwestern Mexican Pacific, 501 specimens from three scientific collections of Mexico were revised. The specimens were collected by diverse methods from intertidal, subtidal, and bathyal depths (~1000 m), from 27 locations along the central and northwestern Mexican Pacific. Sixteen taxa belonging to nine genera and five families were identified. One species is recorded for the first time in the Mexican Pacific and five new species are described, one from intertidal and shallow subtidal depths: Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) azteca sp. nov.; two from subtidal depths: Phascolion (Lesenka) salgadoi sp. nov. and Sipunculus (Sipunculus) bastidai sp. nov.; and two from bathyal depths: Apionsoma (Apionsoma) silviae sp. nov. and Apionsoma (Edmondsius) hendrickxi sp. nov.
925:1-45
Five new and four known species of the genus Dorylaimellus Cobb, 1913 are described and illustrated from the Western Ghats of India. Dorylaimellus attenuatus sp. nov. has a 0.73–0.84 mm long body; lip region rounded, offset; odontostyle attenuated with indistinct lumen, odontophore 9–10 µm long; expanded part of pharynx 39–48% of neck length; female genital system amphidelphic and tail long filiform. Dorylaimellus cylindricaudatus sp. nov. has a 1.0–1.15 mm long body; lip region rounded, offset; odontostyle 4 µm long, odontophore 11–12 µm long; expanded part of pharynx 47–56% of neck length; female genital system amphidelphic, and tail elongate-cylindrical with rounded terminus. Dorylaimellus karnatakensis sp. nov. has a 1.2–1.3 mm long body; lip region rounded, offset; odontostyle 5 µm long, odontophore 12–13 µm long; expanded part of pharynx 45–53% of neck length; female genital system amphidelphic; spicules 22 µm long, ventromedian supplements four, and tail elongate-conoid dorsally convex. Dorylaimellus kasplateauensis sp. nov. has a 0.68–0.83 mm long body, lip region with a weak perioral disc; odontostyle 6–7 µm long, odontophore 11–14 µm long; expanded part of pharynx 38–43% of neck length; female genital system amphidelphic, and tail elongate arcuate conoid. Dorylaimellus tropicus sp. nov. has a 0.6–0.7 mm long body; lip region rounded, offset; odontostyle 4–5 µm long, odontophore 8–10 µm long; hemizonid present; expanded part of pharynx 43–52% of neck length; female genital system amphidelphic and tail elongate-filiform, sudden tapering, ending with rounded tip. Dorylaimellus andrassyi, D. discocephalus, D. belondirelloides, D. chakpilus are redescribed based on the specimens collected from several localities of the Western Ghats.
925:100-134
Sarinda sombraluminosa Hagopián, Laborda & Simó sp. nov. and Sarinda contraluz Hagopián & Bustamante sp. nov. are described from Uruguay based on males and females. New records of Parafluda banksi Chickering, 1946 and Sarinda marcosi Piza, 1937 for the country are provided. Illustrations and electron micrographs of sexual characters, photographs of alive specimens, natural history data and a distribution map of species of Sarandini from Uruguay are provided.
925:46-66
Oceanic islands harbor a unique and distinct fauna and flora, usually isolated by distance and the deep sea, making them fascinating environments to study. Despite their importance, taxonomic accounts from Brazilian oceanic islands have only recently begun to focus on important groups such as the Syllidae family. In this article, we present detailed descriptions and illustrations of two new species, Brevicirrosyllis paulolanai sp. nov. from Trindade Islands, and Westheidesyllis splendida sp. nov. from Rocas Atoll. These two species belong to genera currently of uncertain affinities within the family, in both cases previously included in the Eusyllinae subfamily. Moreover, we provide updated identification keys for both genera to facilitate their future identification.
925:161-178
The genus Armillipora Quate is recorded for the first time in Ecuador, with a new geographical record for Armillipora selvica Quate, 1996 and the descriptions of two new species, namely Armillipora muyu sp. nov. and Armillipora imitata sp. nov., doubling the total number of species in the genus. In addition, we make available the first DNA barcodes for the genus, providing a sequence of the 5´-end of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for A. imitata, A. muyu, and, A. selvica. Moreover, we describe the second known female of the genus and we provide a taxonomical key for the known males of the world. Finally, we build Species Distribution Models and discuss the potential distribution of the genus in the Neotropical region.
925:67-75
The erasipterid Sinoerasipteron xiaheyanensis Nel & Huang gen. et sp. nov. from the Moscovian Tupo Formation in Xiaheyan locality (China), is described and illustrated. It is the sixth species of the odonatopteran griffenflies from this locality. This new discovery confirms the high diversity of these flying predators in the insect assemblage.
925:76-99
Six new species of the genus Rhaphidophora Serville, 1838 are described from China: R. hexagoniproctalis Wang, Di & He sp. nov., R. heterodentis Shen, Wang & He sp. nov., R. imbricofurca Shen, Wang & He sp. nov., R. glenoides Qin, Wang & He sp. nov., R. impressa Wang, Qin & He sp. nov., R. stenoterminata Zhang, Wang & He sp. nov. A key with previously described species from China is provided.
924
Twenty-one species of the genus Lecithocera Herrich-Schäffer, 1853 from China are described as new: L. angustifolia sp. nov., L. asticta sp. nov., L. balteiformis sp. nov., L. bicornuta sp. nov., L. bigeminata sp. nov., L. duplicispinea sp. nov., L. flavalba sp. nov., L. flavistriata sp. nov., L. furvibasis sp. nov., L. laticuculla sp. nov., L. ligulacea sp. nov., L. margirecta sp. nov., L. medogensis sp. nov., L. nullisigna sp. nov., L. parviflava sp. nov., L. parvispinea sp. nov., L. serratiloba sp. nov., L. sichuanensis sp. nov., L. tenuextrema sp. nov., L. tumicuculla sp. nov. and L. yunnanensis sp. nov. Seven species are newly recorded for China: L. alpestra Park, 2005, L. alpina Park, 2016, L. chersitis Meyrick, 1918, L. haviensis Park, 2016, L. neosticta Meyrick, 1918, L. orbiculata Park, 2010 and L. rubigona Park, 2006. The females of four species are described for the first time: L. alpina, L. haviensis, L. neosticta and L. orbiculata. Six new combinations are proposed: Lecithocera platomona (Wu, 1997) comb. nov. and L. stimulata (Wu, 1994) comb. nov. transferred from the genus Quassitagma; L. frisilina (Gozmány, 1978) comb. nov. transferred from the genus Recontracta; L. baliocata (Wu, 1994) comb. nov., L. sarmenta (Wu, 1994) comb. nov. and L. stictata (Wu, 1994) comb. nov. transferred from the genus Galoxestis. Images of adults and genitalia for all treated species are given, along with a checklist of all Chinese species of Lecithocera.
923
The vetigastropod material collected on Walters Shoal during Cruise MD208 of the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme is documented. In total, 50 species were obtained, 30 of which are new and apparently endemic to the seamount. Of the other 20 species, eight are regionally endemic to the south-western Indian Ocean, 11 are more widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific and one is possibly of deep-water Atlantic origin. The primary affinities of the fauna are with warm temperate South Africa and the tropical western Indian Ocean, but one species is potentially a seamount endemic of southern affinity. A new pseudococculinid genus living on decomposing bird feathers is described, a biogenic substrate association previously unknown in the Mollusca. The following new genera are described: Imbricoscelis gen. nov. and Pterodacna gen. nov. The following new species are described: Akritogyra crenulata sp. nov., Bathymophila williamsae sp. nov., Benthobrookula araneum sp. nov., Be. galeneae sp. nov., Be. laticostata sp. nov., Be. scalaroides sp. nov., Be. semisculpta sp. nov., Bruceina areneformis sp. nov., Calliostoma pantopunctatum sp. nov., Cantrainea herosae sp. nov., Carinastele achrosta sp. nov., Cornisepta marshalli sp. nov., Emarginula lentiginosa sp. nov., E. nodulicostata sp. nov., E. retrogyra sp. nov., E. salebrosa sp. nov., Fluxinella dufresneae sp. nov., Gibbula roseosticta sp. nov., Hadroconus scobina sp. nov., Kaiparathina monticola sp. nov., Lissotesta wareni sp. nov., Microcollonia miniata sp. nov., Mikro crassus sp. nov., Parviturbo cicatricosus sp. nov., Phragmomphalina candida sp. nov., Pterodacna boucheti gen. et sp. nov., Solariella asaphea sp. nov., Spinicalliotropis lepidota sp. nov., Stomatella multilirata sp. nov. and Trenchia mcleani sp. nov. The following new combinations are proposed: Brookula coronis Barnard, 1963 is transferred to Imbricoscelis gen. nov., Cantharidus nolfi Poppe, Tagaro & H. Dekker, 2006 is transferred to Kaiparathina Laws, 1941 and Solariella incisura Melvill, 1909 is transferred to Phragmomphalina Herbert & Williams, 2020. The following new synonyms are proposed: Carinastele wareni Vilvens, 2014 is a synonym of Bruceina cognata (Marshall, 1988); Fluxinella stellaris Bozzetti, 2008 is a synonym of Agagus stellamaris Herbert, 1991.
922
A contribution to the taxonomy of the genus Pelecium Kirby (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Peleciini)
(2024)
Pelecium Kirby, 1817 is a neotropical genus of flightless carabid beetles comprising 34 species, distributed from Panama to middle Argentina. Most species of Pelecium are known from short series and few localities, in some cases only from the holotype. Male and female abdominal terminalia are not described for the majority of the species, a situation that makes it difficult to describe new species or to study intraspecific variation. Here, we describe nine new species based on individuals from Brazil: Pelecium buckupi sp. nov., P. fistulosus sp. nov. and P. zaguryi sp. nov. from the Centre-West region, P. belloi sp. nov., P. chrissquirei sp. nov., P. straneoi sp. nov. and P. zophos sp. nov. from the Southeast region, and P. balli sp. nov. and P. grossii sp. nov. from the South region. We also provide new distributional records and descriptions of abdominal terminalia for twelve species: Pelecium atroviolaceum Straneo & Ball, 1989, P. bolivianum Straneo & Ball, 1989, P. cyanipes Kirby, 1817, P. helenae Straneo & Ball, 1989, P. laeve Chaudoir, 1854, P. negrei Straneo, 1962, P. drakei Quedenfeldt, 1890, P. punctatostriatum Straneo, 1970, P. purpureum Straneo, 1955, P. rotundipenne Schaum, 1860, P. striatum Straneo, 1955 and P. violaceum Brullé, 1838.
921:116–135
Two new species of terrestrial isopods are described from iron ore caves in Brazil, within the Amazon biome, Circoniscus mendesi López-Orozco, Campos-Filho & Bichuette sp. nov. and C. xikrin López-Orozco, Campos-Filho & Carpio-Díaz sp. nov. (Scleropactidae). In addition, the knowledge of the distribution of Ctenorillo ferrarai Campos-Filho, Araujo & Taiti, 2014 (Armadillidae) is extended to Parauapebas, and Benthanoides tarzan Cardoso & Ferreira, 2023 to south area of the Campos Ferruginosos National Park, both in the State of Pará. Moreover, a distribution map and photographs of the species are given.
921:98–115
Three new species of Loxosceles Heinecken & Lowe, 1832 (Araneae, Sicariidae) from Brazilian caves
(2024)
Three new species of recluse spiders are described from Brazilian caves with both males and females. Loxosceles boqueirao Bertani & Gallão sp. nov. is found in the State of Bahia, in the Serra do Ramalho karst area, it belongs to the rufescens species group, and is closely related to L. cardosoi Bertani, von Schimonsky & Gallão, 2018 and L. carinhanha Bertani, von Schimonsky & Gallão, 2018 from the same karst area. Thus, there are now three species in the Serra do Ramalho karst area closely related, but noticeably distinct morphologically from other species of Loxosceles. Loxosceles planetaria Bertani & Gallão sp. nov. and L. bodoquena Bertani & Gallão sp. nov. are found in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, in the Serra da Bodoquena karst area. They belong to the gaucho species group and are closely related to L. gaucho Gertsch, 1967. These are the first species of Loxosceles described from this karst area in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Loxosceles boqueirao sp. nov. and L. bodoquena sp. nov. bear some troglomorphisms and are, herein, proposed as troglobitic species, whereas L. planetaria sp. nov. is proposed as a troglophilic species. Brazil has now 22 described species of Loxosceles.
921:64-75
The remarkable sharpshooter Prodigiella silvanoi gen. et sp. nov. is described and illustrated (including the external form, color, male and female terminalia) from the Atlantic Forest of southern and southeastern Brazil (states of Paraná and Rio de Janeiro). The new genus can be distinguished from other Neotropical genera of the Cicadellini by a combination of various morphological features, including an asymmetrical aedeagus with a bifid shaft and peculiar basal and apical processes and ovipositor valvula II distinctly expanded beyond basal curvature, its dorsal margin with 35–40 teeth, and ventral margin without preapical prominence. A discussion comparing Prodigiella with superficially similar taxa of the genera Macugonalia Young, 1977, Ruppeliana Young, 1977, and Versigonalia Young, 1977 is provided. The discovery of this peculiar new genus indicates that much collecting work in the remaining parts of the Atlantic Forest is clearly and urgently needed.
921:136–157
Palaeosphryon menatensis gen. et sp. nov., first unambiguous representative of the longhorn beetle subfamily Prioninae from the Paleocene of Menat (France), is described and illustrated. The new fossil is placed into the tribe Prionini, showing some similarities with some species of the extant genera Osphryon (Papua New Guinea) and Titanus (Brazil, Colombia, Guianas, Ecuador, Peru), viz. in general body shape, antennomere 3 as long as first and second together but shorter than the length of fourth plus fifth, elongate elytra, and small spines on the lateral margin of the pronotum disposed in a relatively similar way as in Osphryon. Nevertheless, the exact affinities of the new fossil within the Prionini remain uncertain because of the lack of a recent phylogenetic analysis in which it could be integrated. This fossil beetle is exceptional for its very large size, with a body 70 mm long. Some other large longhorn beetles have been found in the same outcrop, and are awaiting description. The positions of the previously described Cerambycidae from Menat are also discussed. This exceptional fauna of Cerambycidae is in accordance with the current palaeoenvironmental reconstruction for the Menat Konservat-Lagerstätte, as a small maar lake surrounded by a warm and humid, probably evergreen forest.
921:173-209
A new family of Cyphophthalmi with disjunct Mediterranean distribution, Parasironidae fam. nov., is proposed. The new family comprises four genera and seven species. Cimmerosiro gen. nov., Tirrenosiro gen. nov. and Ebrosiro gen. nov. are described as new genera, and Tirrenosiro axeli gen. et sp. nov., Cimmerosiro krivolutskyi gen. et sp. nov., C. juberthiei gen. et sp. nov. and C. rhodiensis gen. et sp. nov. as new species. Parasironidae stands out by a set of characteristics that we recognize as predominantly plesiomorphic. These characteristics and the present distribution indicate the great age of the family, probably early Mesosoic. We attribute its origin to the western part of the Cimmerian terrane, and its current distribution and diversification of the major clades to geotectonic events during the Mesozoic. Additionally, a new sensory organ (sensilla) has been discovered in Cyphophthalmi. This organ is located on the pedipalp coxae and is believed to have a potential hygroreceptive function.
921:158–172
The monotypic banchine ichneumonid genus Shortia is rediscovered after 39 years, based on two new species from India, far away from the type locality in Australia: S. karumban Ranjith sp. nov. and S. manjapulli Ranjith sp. nov., collected from the Western Ghats, India. The generic concept of Shortia is revised. Both new species and the type species of the genus, S. siccula Gauld, 1984, are illustrated. A taxonomic key for the identification of species of Shortia is provided and the possible causes for the disjunct distribution are discussed.
921:1–35
The ammonoids of the family Maenioceratidae from Givetian sedimentary rocks of the Anti-Atlas (Morocco) are investigated. The study is based on new collections stored in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin. The genera Maenioceras Schindewolf, 1933 and Afromaenioceras Göddertz, 1987 are revised; the genus Trimaenioceras is newly described. The species Maenioceras afroterebratum sp. nov., Maenioceras mzerrebense sp. nov., Maenioceras oufranense sp. nov., Maenioceras beckeri sp. nov., Afromaenioceras sulcatostriatum (Bensaïd, 1974), Afromaenioceras hiemale sp. nov., Afromaenioceras bensaidi sp. nov., Afromaenioceras brumale sp. nov., Afromaenioceras crassum (Bensaïd, 1974), Trimaenioceras klugi gen. et sp. nov., Trimaenioceras eculeus gen. et sp. nov., Trimaenioceras fuscina gen. et sp. nov. and Trimaenioceras paucum gen. et sp. nov. are described in detail.
921:76–97
A remarkable morphologically and genetically distinct species of the genus Ero C.L. Koch, 1836 is described based on both sexes from the cloud forest of the island of Saint Helena: Ero lizae sp. nov. Another new species, Ero natashae sp. nov., is also described on the basis of morphological differences in the male and female genitalia. Both species were initially reported a single species, Ero aphana (Walckenaer, 1802), from the island by Unzicker (1977).
921:36-63
The genus Spaeleoleptes was proposed by H. Soares in 1966 to accommodate the first Brazilian troglobitic species of harvestmen, Spaeleoleptes spaeleus H. Soares, 1966. In this work, we redescribe this species, including digital images of the type material and drawings of the male genitalia. Since its description, Spaeleoleptes has remained monotypic, and after 56 years, herein is described the second species of the genus, the troglobitic Spaeleoleptes gimli sp. nov. Both species share sexually dimorphic legs I and II with modified regions and swelling on the tibiae and patellae I and II; a penis with robust conductors covering all or part of the capsula interna and a capsula interna with two lateral projections. They are clearly separated by the shape of the modified region of the tibia; by the presence of an apical projection on the apical lamina of the pars distalis in S. spaeleus; and the lateral projections of the capsula interna, which is flattened in S. gimli. Spaeleoleptes gimli greatly increases the distributional range of the genus, as it is now recorded from caves located in two Brazilian phytophysiognomies from the Cerrado of Minas Gerais to the Caatinga of Bahia.
921:276–297
Previous phylogenetic analyses of the grass-specialist leafhopper tribe Chiasmini have resolved relationships among genera but have included few representatives of individual genera. Here the phylogeny of 20 Chinese species belonging to 8 chiasmine genera was investigated by combining DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes (COI, 16S) and two nuclear genes (H3, 28S). In both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses, relationships among genera were largely consistent with prior analyses, with most members of the tribe placed into two sister clades: (Exitianus + Nephotettix) and the remaining five sampled genera. To examine morphology-based species definitions in the taxonomically difficult genus Exitianus Ball, 1929, one mitochondrial gene (COI) and one nuclear gene (ITS2) were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships and status of two common and widespread species and compare the performance of different molecular species-delimitation methods. These analyses divide the included populations into two well-supported clades corresponding to current morphological species concepts but some inconsistencies occurred under the jMOTU, ABGD and bPTP methods depending on the which gene and analytical parameter values were selected. Considering the variable results yielded by methods employing single loci, the BPP method, which combines data from multiple loci, may be more reliable in Exitianus.
921:251-275
The Cladonematidae are a family of hydrozoans with a worldwide distribution and morphological adaptations for a benthic mode of life. Species of this family are characterized by high morphological variability, which has caused many taxonomical debates, mainly for the species of the genera Eleutheria Quatrefages, 1842 and Staurocladia Hartlaub, 1917. Herein, we describe Staurocladia dzilamensis sp. nov., a new species of crawling hydromedusa from the southern Gulf of Mexico. This finding also constitutes the first record of the genus Staurocladia for the Gulf of Mexico. The presence of additional nematocyst clusters, supplementing the apical one on the upper branch of the tentacles, places it within Staurocladia. The presence of exumbrellar buds, a conspicuous marginal ring of nematocysts, 6–11 bifid tentacles with lower branches longer than their upper counterpart, the cnidome with stenoteles of two size classes, and two nematocyst clusters on the upper branch supplementing the apical one, opposite placed alternately on its aboral and oral sides permits to differentiate S. dzilamensis from its congeners. A taxonomic key for the species of Staurocladia is provided.
921:236-250
During exploratory surveys of the fungal diversity in Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad, we collected a new species of the genus Hymenopellis R.H.Petersen. This is the second report of any species of this genus from Pakistan. Hymenopellis areolata F.Razzaq & Khalid sp. nov. is characterized by an areolate pileus, small basidiospores, and transitional pileipellis (hymeniderm and epithelium) with small pileocystidia. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences of nrITS and nrLSU regions, and morphological data support the description of this new species. A comparison with other closely related species confirmed that the newly described species is distinct from others.
921:201-235
This paper reviews little-known species of the dysderid spider genera Dysdera Latreille, 1804, and Dysderella Dunin, 1992 based on specimens collected in the Caucasus, Middle East, and Central Asia. After combining molecular phylogeny of five mitochondrial and three nuclear genes with morphological evidence, Dysderella is proposed as a junior synonym of Dysdera. In addition, three species are described as new to science: D. jaegeri Bellvert & Dimitrov sp. nov., D. naouelae Bellvert & Dimitrov sp. nov., and D. kourosh Bellvert, Zamani & Dimitrov sp. nov. Four combinations are proposed: Dysdera caspica Dunin, 1990 comb. rev., Dysdera transcaspica Dunin & Fet, 1985 comb. rev., Dysdera elburzica (Zamani, Marusik & Szűts, 2023) comb. nov. and Dysdera sancticedri (Brignoli, 1978) comb. nov. (ex. Dasumia Thorell, 1875). Furthermore, we report a first record of D. festai Caporiacco, 1929 in Turkey and its male cheliceral polymorphism. Our results illustrate the deficiencies that undermine the current taxonomy of this genus. For example, many species are described based on only one or few specimens or limited locality data. The advancements in DNA sequencing technologies applied to museum specimens reduce the need for fieldwork collection and export of fresh specimens. This highlights the significance of museum collections for improving research in this field.
920
Type specimens of Oedionychina Chapuis, 1875 described by Fabricius from the Kiel collection are examined and illustrated. Lectotypes are designated for the following species: Chrysomela albicollis Fabricius, 1787; Chrysomela nobilitata Fabricius, 1787; Chrysomela quadrifasciata Fabricius, 1787; Chrysomela quadriguttata Fabricius, 1781; Galleruca atomaria Fabricius, 1801; Galleruca decemguttata Fabricius, 1801; Galleruca fasciata Fabricius, 1798; Galleruca humeralis Fabricius, 1801; Galleruca lunata Fabricius, 1801; Galleruca nitida Fabricius, 1801; Galleruca obsoleta Fabricius, 1801; Galleruca petaurista Fabricius, 1801; Galleruca quadrinotata Fabricius, 1798; Galleruca sellata Fabricius, 1801. The species status is restored for Chrysomela quadriguttata Fabricius, 1781 and Alagoasa areata (Germar, 1824) comb. nov. The following new combinations are proposed: Phenrica quadriguttata (Fabricius, 1781), Asphaera nitida (Fabricius, 1801), Phenrica obsoleta (Fabricius, 1801), Alagoasa areata areata (Germar, 1824), Alagoasa areata decempunctata (Latreille, 1833), Alagoasa areata escuintla Bechyné, 1955, Alagoasa areata macromela Bechyné, 1958, Alagoasa areata praecessa Bechyné, 1959, Alagoasa areata recuperata Bechyné, 1959; all comb. nov. New placement: Galleruca avicenniae Fabricius, 1792 is removed from Alticini and placed in Galerucini incertae sedis; Galleruca trifasciata Fabricius, 1801 is removed from Chrysomelidae and placed in genus Ora Clark, 1865 (Scirtidae Fleming, 1821).
919
Sixteen species of Issidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) were recorded in a single day of collecting in Dong Son-Ky Thuong Nature Reserve, Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam, of which a checklist is provided. Among them, eight species are new to science and described in different tribes and subtribes: in the Hemisphaeriini Hemisphaeriina: Gergithoides olivaceus sp. nov., Hemisphaerius bresseeli sp. nov. and Neogergithoides scapularis sp. nov.; Hemisphaeriini Mongolianina: Mongoliana vietnamica sp. nov.; Kodaianellini: Kodaianella mua sp. nov.; Parahiraciini Parahiraciina: Pusulissus quangninhensis sp. nov. and Rostrolatum curviceps sp. nov.; Sarimini: Pseudocoruncanius obliquus sp. nov. The new genus Melichergithus gen. nov. is described to accommodate Gergithus gravidus Melichar, 1906 and the new combination Melichergithus gravidus (Melichar, 1906) gen. et comb. nov. is proposed; a black form of the species is recorded for the first time and described. Two species, Longieusarima lunulia Wang, Bourgoin & Zhang, 2017 and Parallelissus fuscus Meng, Qin & Wang, 2020, are recorded from Vietnam for the first time, while another species Maculergithus luteomaculatus (Constant & Pham, 2016) is recorded for the first time from Quang Ninh Province. Four species were represented by single females that could not be identified to species level, belonging to the genera Clypeosmilus Gnezdilov & Soulier-Perkins, 2017, Fortunia Distant, 1909 (two species) and Kodaianellissus Wang, Bourgoin & Zhang, 2017. The five following genera are recorded from Vietnam for the first time: Kodaianella Fennah, 1956, Rostrolatum Che, Zhang & Wang, 2020, Longieusarima Wang, Bourgoin & Zhang, 2017, Parallelissus Meng, Qin & Wang, 2020 and Kodaianellissus. The type material of Hemisphaerius rufovarius Walker, 1858 and its junior synonyms H. scymnoides Walker, 1862, H. testaceus Distant, 1906 and H. virescens Distant, 1906 was studied and the male terminalia described; as a result, H. rufovarius is removed from the fauna of Vietnam and China. Hemisphaerius bipunctatus Melichar, 1906 is also removed from the fauna of Vietnam after examination of the corresponding specimens. This study provides a 25% increase in the number of Issidae of Vietnam; a complete list of the 51 species recorded from the country, as well as a map of the number of recorded species per province, are given and discussed.
918
The “trachystreptoform” species of Spirostreptidae, i.e., species which would formerly have been ascribed to the tribe Trachystreptini, from the Udzungwa Mountains are (re)described, including one new genus and five new species: Attemsostreptus reflexus Akkari & Enghoff, 2019, A. cataractae Enghoff sp. nov., A. leptoptilos Enghoff sp. nov., A. julostriatus Enghoff sp. nov., Lophostreptus tersus (Cook, 1896) (= L. ptilostreptoides Carl, 1909 syn. nov.), L. magombera Enghoff sp. nov., and Udzungwastreptus marianae Enghoff gen. et sp. nov. The type material of Lophostreptus regularis Attems, 1909 (= L. tersus) is discussed. The discussion includes paragraphs on the classification and the Udzungwa fauna of Spirostreptidae, on grouping of the Udzungwa trachystreptoform species in relation to altitude, and on the possibly recent immigration of A. reflexus and L. tersus into the Udzungwa Mts.
917:19–49
Widely distributed phoretic blister beetles usually display unstructured geographic patterns of genetic diversity within species, resulting from recurrent long-dispersal events across their range. To investigate the extent of this pattern in the phoretic genus Lampromeloe, and particularly in western Mediterranean and European populations of L. variegatus, we performed: (1) a phylogeographic analysis based on fragments of the mitochondrial genes COI and 16S, and (2) a morphological revision based on qualitative and morphometric traits. Two allopatric lineages were recovered within L. variegatus, one distributed across Europe and the other in North Africa. These lineages are readily distinguishable based on morphological traits. We conclude that these lineages constitute two diagnosable evolutionary units and, consequently, we describe the North African populations as a new species, Lampromeloe pantherinus sp. nov. The new species is closely related to L. variegatus, from which it differs mainly by the elytral macrosculpture and by the shape of male genitalia. The elytral macrosculpture of L. pantherinus is somewhat similar to that of L. cavensis, a species widely distributed in the lowlands of the Mediterranean Basin. However, these two non-sister species can be distinguished by the morphology and macrosculpture of the pronotum and by the shape of the male genitalia.
917:1-18
The first sawfly from the Oligocene of Céreste (Southern France (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)
(2024)
Luberotenthredo cerestensis gen. et sp. nov. is the first record of the sawfly family Tenthredinidae from the Oligocene of Céreste (Southern France). This taxon is described and illustrated based on a well-preserved specimen. This genus resembles the extant genus Perineura (subfamily Tenthredininae, tribe Perineurini) with which it shares forewing venation similarities and numerous morphological characters. This new taxon is the first fossil representative of the tribe Perineurini and can be used as a calibration point for future investigation of the diversification of the family Tenthredinidae.
917:50-73
The koinobiont endoparasitoid genus Triraphis Ruthe, 1855 (Rogadinae Foerster, 1863) is a group of braconid wasps that contains 74 species distributed along the Nearctic, Neotropical, Oriental and Palearctic regions. We amplified a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) for 19 specimens of Triraphis from the Chamela Biological Station (CBS), a region mainly composed of tropical dry forest near the Pacific coast of Jalisco, Mexico. Based on genetic distances among specimens of Triraphis from the CBS and all COI sequences of BINs assigned to Triraphis and Rogas Nees, 1819 available in the BOLDSYSTEMS database, we identified three clusters in the CBS that correspond with T. bradzlotnicki Sharkey, 2021, T. davidwahli Sharkey, 2021 and T. defectus Valerio, 2015, which were previously described from Costa Rica. Based on morphology, we identified individuals of T. fusciceps Cresson, 1869 and provided COI sequences of this species for the first time. Four genetic clusters of Triraphis correspond to four new species that are described here: T. kardia sp. nov., T. ocellatus sp. nov., T. divergens sp. nov. and T. luzabrilae sp. nov. Since T. bradzlotnicki and T. davidwahli were exclusively described with molecular data (COI), we morphologically described them based on Mexican specimens.
917:170-193
Known by many names, the Chinese banyan (Ficus microcarpa L.) is a monoecious plant species originating from south-eastern Asia which has been introduced as an ornamental in numerous areas outside its native range, including the Mediterranean. Like every species of Ficus, it is associated with a series of chalcid wasp species, known as fig wasps. These species are distributed in the families Agaonidae, Epichrysomallidae, Eurytomidae, Ormyridae and Pteromalidae. In this publication, we describe a new species of Ormyrus Westwood, 1832 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Ormyridae), O. microcarpae Askew & Koutsoukos sp. nov., reared from figs of F. microcarpa collected from Greece and Cyprus. The new species is compared with O. lini and O. watshami. This species is likely to be a parasitoid of Meselatus bicolor Chen, 1999 (Hymenoptera, Epichrysomallidae). In addition, the previously unknown female of O. lini is also described and illustrated. This publication constitutes the first report of species of Ormyrus associated with figs in Europe.
917:74-93
Six species of the spider genus Spinirta Jin & Zhang, 2020 from southern China (Araneae: Corinnidae)
(2024)
In the current study, six species of the genus Spinirta from southern China are recognized, four new species are described: S. hongyui Wang, Lu & Z.S. Zhang sp. nov. (♂♀), S. liuae Wang, Lu & Z.S. Zhang sp. nov. (♂♀), S. simianshan Wang, Lu & Z.S. Zhang sp. nov. (♂♀) and S. yintiaoling Wang, Lu & Z.S. Zhang sp. nov. (♂). Females of S. aviforma Jin & Zhang, 2020 (♂♀) and S. quadrata Jin & Zhang, 2020 (♂♀) are described for the first time. Photos of the body and copulatory organs, as well as the locality map are provided.
917:122-151
A new family-level taxon of deep-sea isopods, Basoniscus hikurangi gen. et sp. nov., was recovered from the Hikurangi Plateau in the deep sea off eastern New Zealand. The broad-bodied, eyeless, seemingly unremarkable isopod was unusual in its possession of features that characterize two different families: the shallow water Joeropsididae Nordenstam, 1933 and the deep-sea Haploniscidae Hansen, 1916. An analysis of superfamily Janiroidea G.O. Sars, 1897 was conducted to establish the affinities of the species. Multiple analyses were done using unweighted and implied weighted characters. Existing families were well supported, with B. hikurangi intermediate between Joeropsididae and Haploniscidae. The new species, however, cannot be placed in either family owing to its lack of important defining synapomorphies of each family. As a result, Basoniscidae fam. nov. was created to contain this new species. That rocky hard substrates are undersampled is another implication. Our understanding of deep-sea species richness will not be accurate until more efforts are made to survey these habitats, especially more sites in the southern hemisphere. These gaps in our knowledge of the deep sea impairs any general claims about the distribution of biodiversity on a global scale. This find demonstrates that museums hold underused but valuable resources for understanding and describing the biodiversity of the deep sea.