European journal of taxonomy : EJT
Paris : Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle
ISSN: 2118-9773
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256
The fossil sirenian material from the upper Oligocene Linz Sands of Upper Austria is reviewed and re-described in detail following a recent approach on the invalidity of the genus Halitherium Kaup, 1838. This morphological study provides the first evidence for the synonymy of “Halitherium” cristolii Fitzinger 1842, “H.” abeli Spillmann, 1959 and “H.” pergense (Toula, 1899), supporting the hypothesis that only a single species inhabited the late Oligocene shores of present-day Upper Austria. In the course of the taxonomic revision of the “Halitherium” species-complex, this taxon is now assigned to the new genus Lentiarenium Voss gen. nov. It represents a more derived sirenian compared to Eocene and early Oligocene taxa distributed across Central Europe and North Africa, which is in accordance with the stratigraphical data. An updated inventory list of all identifiable and referable skeletal material is provided, including a detailed synonymy list for the new taxonomic combination.
249
Isolates of Mesanophrys cf. carcini Small & Lynn in Aescht, 2001 and Parauronema cf. longum Song, 1995 infected a freshwater mussel (bleufer, Potamilus purpuratus (Lamarck, 1819)) collected from Chewacla Creek, Auburn, Alabama, USA. Free-living specimens of Metanophrys similis (Song, Shang, Chen & Ma, 2002) 2002, Uronema marinum Dujardin, 1841, Uronemita filificum Kahl, 1931, Pleuronema setigerum Calkins, 1902 and Pseudocohnilembus hargisi Evans & Thompson, 1964, were collected from estuarine waters near Orange beach, Alabama. Based on observations of living and silver-impregnated cells, we provide redescriptions as well as comparisons with original descriptions for the seven species. We also comment on the geographic distributions of known populations of these aquatic ciliate species and provide a table reporting some aquatic scuticociliates of the eastern US Gulf Coast.
231
Endogeophilus ichnusae gen. et sp. nov. (Chilopoda: Geophilidae sensu stricto) is described based on three specimens from two localities in south-western Sardinia, examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. The new centipede resembles the rare Ibero-Pyrenean genus Galliophilus Ribaut & Brolemann, 1927 in some features, especially in the forcipular segment, and the temperate European species Geophilus electricus (Linnaeus, 1758) in other features, especially in the ultimate leg-bearing segment. However, the true affinities of E. ichnusae gen. et sp. nov. are uncertain, because the new species departs significantly from the majority of geophilids for the higher number of legs (91–107 pairs in the specimens examined), the slender trunk segments (the sternites being longer than wide), the relatively stout legs (the tarsus being only about twice as long as wide) and the very short setae (≤ 15 mm) scattered on the body surface. All these features are probably derived and suggest adaptation to a more strictly endogeic habit than other geophilids.
223
By taking Flavalona gen. nov. out of Alona s.l. (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae), the last major clade has now been removed from this polyphyletic assemblage. Flavalona gen. nov. is a monophylum defined by having three, rarely two connected head pores and slit-shaped, rarely rounded lateral head pores. Postabdomen rather long, distally narrowed, with robust marginal denticles and weakly developed lateral fascicles of setules. End-claw weakly curved and with short basal spine. Male postabdomen with gonopores opening at the end of a penis-like outgrowth. Trunk limbs: exopodite of P2 with seta; inner portion of P4 with flaming-torch shaped setae; P5 with filter plate of three setae; P6 a large simple lobe. The relationship of the new genus with other Aloninae remains to be determined. A key to the 11 species of the genus is provided and a discussion of their geographic distribution and habitat type is given.
219
We identified a high diversity in the net-winged beetles of the genus Cautires in Peninsular Malaysia. Fourteen new species are described: Cautires alexae sp. nov., C. andujari sp. nov., C. arribasae sp. nov., C. berembanensis sp. nov., C. campestris sp. nov., C. communis sp. nov., C. jasarensis sp. nov., C. katarinae sp. nov., C. kirstenae sp. nov., C. kotatinggensis sp. nov., C. linardi sp. nov., C. maseki sp. nov., C. pahangensis sp. nov. and C. renatae sp. nov. Seven previously described species are discussed, illustrated and differential diagnoses provided; all species are keyed. The Cautires species differ in a limited number of diagnostic characters, namely in the shape of male antennae, the relative size of eyes and in the shape of the male genitalia. The females are difficult to assign to a conspecific male due to high intraspecific variability. The characteristically low dispersal propensity of net-winged beetles lead to the evolution of the unique fauna in the Malay mountains and despite an extensive study of the type material we recorded only a single species of Cautires occurring simultaneously in Sumatra. We suggest that the Malay mountain fauna is highly endemic and evolved in situ.
212
The studies of Cyclops O.F. Müller, 1776 have more than two centuries of tradition in Fenno- Scandinavia, yet, basic taxonomic questions remain unresolved and the limits of the distributional area are very poorly understood in the majority of the taxa (11+) occurring in the region. Based on the types and other materials we redescribe two species, C. lacustris G.O. Sars, 1863 and C. bohater Koźmiński, 1933, the latter being reported here for the first time from Fenno-Scandinavia; lectotypes of both species have been designated herein. Setulation characters of the antennal coxobasis- and maxillulary palp setae and P1 medial spine, as well as the spine formula of the terminal exopodal segments of the swimming legs (3433) in the adult female distinguish C. lacustris and C. bohater from their congeners. An identification key is provided to the Cyclops species of Fenno-Scandinavia, including information about both the female and male morphology. Although the limited material does not allow us to define the species range limits, our data nevertheless support a Northern European distribution in C. lacustris, and Northern and Central European distribution in C. bohater, while the records from the southern Palearctic need further verification.
171
Two new species of the genus Sectonema from natural habitats of northern Vietnam are studied. This paper includes their descriptions, measurements, line illustrations, and light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) pictures. Sectonema tropicum sp. nov. is characterized by a 2.56– 3.24 mm long body, 19–21 μm broad lip region, odontostyle 20–21 μm long at its ventral side, 730– 834 μm long neck, pharyngeal expansion occupying 52–59% of total neck length, uterus a simple tube-like structure 150–242 μm long or 1.2–2.5 times the body diameter, pars refringens vaginae present, V = 48–52, short (31–40 μm, c = 70–91, c’ = 0.5–0.6) and rounded tail, 91–97 μm long spicules, and only one weakly developed ventromedian supplement. Sectonema vietnamense sp. nov. is characterized by its slender (a = 33–49) and 2.71–4.25 mm long body, 14–16 μm broad lip region, odontostyle 8–9 μm long at its ventral side, 716–918 μm long neck, pharyngeal expansion occupying 63–67% of total neck length, uterus simple and 209–242 μm long or 2.5–2.9 times the corresponding body diameter, pars refringens vaginae absent, V = 54, short (34–39 μm, c = 70–115, c’ = 0.6–0.8) and rounded tail, 59–75 μm long spicules, and three or four irregularly spaced ventromedian supplements bearing hiatus. Both species are also characterized by their nearly continuous lip region, an atypical feature in this genus. Molecular analysis of S. tropicum sp. nov. confirms that Sectonema is a natural (monophyletic) taxon, very close to Metaporcelaimus.