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Sobre Bryozoa do Brasil
(1941)
The A. A. present in this paper their studies about the Aspergillus spp. found by them as contaminants of Lab. cultures, chiefly. The species studied are the following: A. allocotus n. sp., A. amstelodami, A. awamori varo hominis n. var., A. candidus, A. fischeri, A. flavus, A. heteromorphus n. sp., A. japonicus, A. niger (two strains), A. ochraceus, A. ochraceo-petaliformis n. sp., A. quadrilineatus, A. repens var. ramos a n. var. A. sclerotiorutn, A. sydowii, A. terreus, A. unguis and A. variecolor var. major n. var.
Com o objetivo de participar num debate em torno da forma ensaio em sua relação com a filosofia, discutimos essa opção formal da Escola de Frankfurt a partir do texto de Adorno "O ensaio como forma". Uma vez encontrada sua proposição de que o objeto do ensaio é um conflito detido, tentamos sugerir algumas das razões sociais que induzem essa escolha.
Progresso
(1992)
By means of the analysis of two Theodor Adomo's texts temporal1y very distant from each other -one written in the beginning of his career, the other in his maturity -, this article shows that the essay was for him not merely a theme of reflection, but also and upmost a kind of matrix for his thought. Within this matrix, through resort to a tradition, begun, in the Modernity, with Montaigne and solidified with Leibniz and the English empiricists, Adorno seeks to build, in the last phase of his philosophy, his conception of an "Anti-system", in which the indispensable coherence of thought can be kept save from instrumentalization by the domination system.
Acompanha-se, aqui, a pertinência do lema de Engels, que concebe o marxismo como "herdeiro do idealismo alemão" nas teorias de Lukács, Horkheimer e Adorno. Enquanto Lukács assenta o método marxista na vertente da filosofia hegeliana e Horkheimer assume explicitamente o legado kantiano, Adorno não se propõe a ser herdeiro, mas sim crítico do idealismo alemão.
Habermas relê Adorno e Horkheimer à luz do seu próprio modelo, isto é, do "paradigma lingüístico" que substitui a práxis transformadora pela argumentação. Assim, Habermas não percebe que, em Adorno, a competência comunicativa subordina-se a algo essencialmente diferente, a um impulso emancipatório. As características deste a priori transcendental racionalmente mediado devem ser buscadas não na Dialética do esclarecimento, mas em Minima moralia.
Os modelos de democracia propostos pelo liberalismo e pelo republicanismo comunitarista são criticados a partir da perspectiva da política deliberativa tal como concebida pela teoria do discurso. Associando ao processo democrático conotações normativas mais fortes do que o modelo liberal, porém mais fracas do que o modelo republicano, a teoria do discurso articula elementos de ambas numa forma nova.
Examina-se a concepção de universalismo ético a que Lawrence Kohlberg chegou em suas pesquisas sobre o desenvolvimento do pensamento moral, sobretudo a idéia de que esse desenvolvimento, em todos os seres humanos, culmina em uma moralidade "pós-convencional" concebida em termos de princípios de justiça. Discutem-se algumas das tentativas que foram feitas de submeter essa concepção à verificação empírica e a apreciação crítica que dela fez Jürgen Habermas.
A mercadoria cultural
(1996)
Adorno e Horkheimer adotaram a noção de fetichismo da mercadoria para a análise da arte e da cultura. Bens materiais e físicos não são idênticos aos simbólicos. Apesar de dominante, a indústria cultural não pode ser tomada como protótipo de toda análise da cultura. Não se pode reduzir toda a produção cultural da época da economia de mercado a produtos de mercado. A pluralidade de práticas artísticas e culturais, à qual se assiste em países como o Brasil, torna problemático o uso indiscriminado do referencial frankfurtiano.
This paper aims to investigate the dynamics of text-image interplay as exemplified by various text types applied to second language teaching and translation didactics. Based on examples of texts from the fields of Science, Technology, Literature and Language Teaching, the authors attempt to assess both successful and unsuccessful instances of the application of iconical resources in text production. Some didactic consequences are discussed.
This paper examines avant-garde literature in the GDR, especially works written by Irmtraud Morgner and Heiner Müller.
This paper focusses On the discussion of the preservation of expressive aspects in translation., Considerations are grounded on the HJELMSLEVian concepts of the isomorphy between the planes of content and expression, which are both constituted by-substance and form. The present study intends to show that the connotative equivalence of a text can only be achieved in the target language when attention is paid to both the formal-stylistic and the textual-normative dimensions. This involves the appropriation of the stylistic values of the linguistic expression in the source language and, mainly, the understanding of the tropes and the relationships between them. Thus, the present study draws on discourse analysis, comprehending "enunciation" theories and the rhetorical and pragmatic considerations on the level of expression. Considering that the literary text is privileged in providing stylistically marked choices, it is important to highlight the phonetic and semantic correspondences, that is, the close relationship between sound and meaning, which harbours one of the major difficulties in translation. The theory is applied to "Os Sertões" (English translation: "Rebellion on the Backlands") by Euclides da Cunha.
In expressionist poetry we can detect a first major rupture in the relations between man and nature. In expressionist poems such as "Weltende" ("The end of the world") by Jakob van Hoddis, we can read and see the fear and distrust of man in face cf the progress that the industrial revolution has brought. The theme of the destruction of nature in our days caused by modern/post-modern technology may be also read and seen in German literature of the eighties, as for example in the poems of Sarah Kirsch, in which she shows concrete landscapes,
poisoned rivers, forests and air.
German particles usually bring great difficulties to German students. One of these particles, doch, is very often used, especially in conversation. In this paper its various uses are discussed, as well as eases where it can be replaced by other particles, adverbs or conjunctions, without changing the illocution (that is, the intention of the speaker). This study is based on the work of HELBIG, who differentiates eight varieties of doch. Each of them is discussed here according to syntactic, semantic and pragmatic criteria and made explicit through examples.
In this article, we try to identify characteristics of German Expressionism in contemporary literature and its possible variations. The focus will be on the generation conflict and the text "Suchbild über meinen Vater" by Christoph Meckel (1980).
The title "Paul Celan: Expression of the unspeakable" explains Celan's technique of showing the crude reality of the Third Reich with simple linguistic means, using traditional topoi of the lyric. Celan also questions the German language after Auschwitz in his poem Todesfuge.
A tradução de Samuel Putnam de "Os Sertões" : "Rebellion in the Backlands" de Euclides da Cunha
(1997)
The present paper looks at certain aspects of Samuel Putnam's translation of Euclides da Cunha's "Os Sertões", "Rebellion in the Backlands". Of great importance is the fact that "Os Sertões", usually seen as a work of literature in Brazil, is seen more as a factual narrative in English, and placed by its publisher, the University of Chicago Press, in the Literature/History section. Putnam also adds a large number of footnotes to those of Euclides de Cunha. Also of interest is the fact that Putnam, translating just when the US was entering the Second World War, goes to great lengths in his preface to emphasize how close "Os Sertões" is to the American experience of division in both the Civil War and the entrance of the US into the Second World War.
Die Zeitschrift Pandaemonium Germanicum erscheint zweimal jährlich und versteht sich als Forum für die wissenschaftliche Diskussion in den verschiedenen Bereichen der internationalen Germanistik, nämlich der Literatur- und Übersetzungswissenschaft, Linguistik, DaF und Kulturstudien. Die Zeitschrift wird von der deutschen Abteilung der FFLCH-USP (Universität São Paulo) seit 1997 herausgegeben und will zur Verbreitung unveröffentlichter Forschungen von GermanistInnen aus Brasilien und anderen Ländern, sowie zur Förderung des Dialogs zwischen der Germanistik und anderen Wissensbereichen beitragen.
Die Zeitschrift Pandaemonium Germanicum erscheint zweimal jährlich und versteht sich als Forum für die wissenschaftliche Diskussion in den verschiedenen Bereichen der internationalen Germanistik, nämlich der Literatur- und Übersetzungswissenschaft, Linguistik, DaF und Kulturstudien. Die Zeitschrift wird von der deutschen Abteilung der FFLCH-USP (Universität São Paulo) seit 1997 herausgegeben und will zur Verbreitung unveröffentlichter Forschungen von GermanistInnen aus Brasilien und anderen Ländern, sowie zur Förderung des Dialogs zwischen der Germanistik und anderen Wissensbereichen beitragen.
Alfred Döblin is a theorist of German Expressionismus and of the epic novel. In "Berlin Alexanderplatz", he shows the theories of his essay "Der Bau des epischen Werks" ("The construction of the epic werk") in practice. The present paper analyses the following aspects of the novel: 1) the development of the plot, 2) the structure, 3) the language, 4) the function of time, 5) the space of the city, 6) the narrator, 7) the characters.
The analysis of the Drama "Die Verfolgung und Ermordung Jean Paul Marats dargestellt durch die Schauspielgruppe des Hospizes zu Charenton unter der Anleitung des Herrn de Sade" (1964) by Peter Weiss shows how the author used surrealistic elements such as the theme of madness and the illogical structure of a play within a play. With this play, Weiss was enormously popular throughout the world, and his success as a modern German dramatist is second only to Brecht.
Durch ein close reading zweier der bekanntesten Gedichte aus der Sammlung "Morgue" (1912) von Gottfried Benn – "Kleine Aster” and "Schöne Jugend" – wird der deutsche Expressionismus definiert und in seinen Merkmalen erklärt.
Franz Kafka: raízes
(1997)
This text attempts to follow the roots of Franz Kalka's works, looking for them in different concentric and excentric circles. A first and narrow circle is made up of Kafka's family, with the domineering figure of the authoritarian father. A second and wider circle is that of the Jews in Prague, condemned to a position of outsiders. This condition is also that of the third and still wider circle, that of the German speaking population of Prague at the beginning of the century. The roots that emerge from these circles are conditioning factors for Kafka's own position as an outsider, but at the same time they enable him to take on the role of the poet as prophet.
Teatro expressionista
(1997)
This paper discusses expressionist theatre, its thematic and dramatic aspects, and its most important authors.
Pontos básicos da trajetória intelectual de Habermas são reconstruidos à luz de seu confronto com Rawls. Assinalam-se os limites da pretensão habermasiana a uma universalidade superior à rawlsiana. Argumenta-se que o livro de 1962 sobre "mudanças estruturais da esfera pública" já encerra as questões que encontrarão desdobramento mais tarde, inclusive na "teoria da ação comunicativa" de 1981. O artigo vai no sentido de uma reconstrução crítica de alguns problemas centrais do programa de pesquisa de Habermas. No final, retoma-se o confronto com Rawls.
Ênfase na análise imanente no seu sentido mais forte, ou remessa às condições históricas da produção dos textos? Neste artigo destinado ao exame crítico desses livros argumenta-se que, estando em jogo obras de um autor que se move no universo do marxismo (Ressentimento da dialética e O fio da meada, de Paulo Arantes) a disjuntiva remete a Adorno ou a Lukács, autores centrais para Arantes.