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Electric charge correlations were studied for p+p, C+C, Si+Si, and centrality selected Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt[sNN]=17.2 GeV with the NA49 large acceptance detector at the CERN SPS. In particular, long-range pseudorapidity correlations of oppositely charged particles were measured using the balance function method. The width of the balance function decreases with increasing system size and centrality of the reactions. This decrease could be related to an increasing delay of hadronization in central Pb+Pb collisions.
The properties of two measures of charge fluctuations D-tilde and DeltaPhiq are discussed within several toy models of nuclear collisions. In particular their dependence on mean particle multiplicity, multiplicity fluctuations, and net electric charge are studied. It is shown that the measure DeltaPhiq is less sensitive to these trivial biasing effects than the originally proposed measure D-tilde. Furthermore the influence of resonance decay kinematics is analyzed and it is shown that it is likely to shadow a possible reduction of fluctuations due to QGP creation.
Im Rahmen dieser Diplomarbeit sind Ladungsfluktuationen bei Kollisionen von Blei-Kernen bei den Energien 30, 60, 80 und 160 GeV untersucht worden. Das Interesse an den Ladungsfluktuationen beruht darauf, dass sie einen Hinweis auf die Bildung des Quark-Gluon-Plasmas liefern könnten. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden mit Hilfe von einfachen Modellen zwei Variablen untersucht, D-tilde und DeltaPhiq, um die optimale Observable zur Messung der Ladungsfluktuationen zu finden. Im zweiten Teil werden experimentelle Resultate präsentiert, die aus den Daten des CERN-SPS-Experimentes NA49 gewonen wurden. Die gemessenen Ladungsfluktuationen entsprechen denen, die von einem Pionen-Gas erwartet werden, wenn die Pionen nur aufgrund der Ladungserhaltung korreliert sind. Es wird jedoch gezeigt, dass diese Resultate nicht der Annahme widersprechen, dass das Quark-Gluon-Plasma bei SPS-Energien gebildet wird.
Analysis of Lambda and associative pion production in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions
(1984)
The transverse momentum and rapidity distributions of negative hadrons and participant protons have been measured for central 32S+ 32S collisions at plab=200 GeV/c per nucleon. The proton mean rapidity shift < Delta y>~1.6 and mean transverse momentum <pT>~0.6 GeV/c are much higher than in pp or peripheral AA collisions and indicate an increase in the nuclear stopping power. All pT spectra exhibit similar source temperatures. Including previous results for K0s Lambda , and Lambda -bar, we account for all important contributions to particle production.
The NA35 experiment has collected a high statistics set of momentum analyzed negative hadrons near and forward of midrapidity for central collisions of 200A GeV/c 32S+S, Cu, Ag, and Au. Using momentum space correlations to study the size of the source of particle production, the transverse source radii are found to decrease by ~40% at midrapidity and ~20% at forward rapidity while the longitudinal radius RL is found to decrease by ~50% as pT increases over the interval 50<pT<600 MeV/c. Calculations using a microscopic phase space approach (relativistic quantum molecular dynamics) reproduce the observed trends of the data. PACS: 25.75.+r