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Background: Hepatectomy is a complex procedure with high morbidity and mortality.
Early prediction/prevention of major complications is highly valuable for patient care.
Surgical APGAR score (SAS) has been validated to predict post-surgical complications (PCs).
Goal: We aimed to define a simple complications classification following hepatectomy based on a therapy-oriented severity Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC).
Methods: 119 patients undergoing liver resection were included. PCs were determined at follow-up based on CDC. Clinicopathological factors were used to calculate SAS. A receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis estimated the predictive value of SAS for PCs. Circulating markers levels of liver injury were analyzed as critical elements on PCs.
Results: SAS (P=0.008), estimated blood-loss (P=0.018) and operation time (P=0.0008) were associated with PCs. SAS was reduced in patients with (+) compared to those without (-) complications (6.64±1.84 vs 5.70±1.79, P=0.0079). The area-under-the-curve was 0.646 by ROC, indicating an acceptable discrimination with 65% possibility to distinguish (-) and (+) groups (P=0.004).
Best cutoff value for SAS was ≤6/≥7, at which sensitivity and specificity were maximal.
ALT/ASL levels were significantly different within the group with 9-10 SAS points (P=0.01 and 0.02).
Conclusion: SAS provides accurate risk stratification for major PCs after hepatectomy, and might help improving the overall patient outcome.
The title of this collection of poetry, Kale ya Washairi wa Pemba: Kamange na Sarahani is translated as, 'The Past of Pemba Poets: Kamange and Sarahani'. Pemba, for those who may need reminding is the smaller of the two islands known as Zanzibar, the other being Unguja. The poets whose works make up the collection lived between the last half of the 19th and early 20th century in Pemba, but their poetry was known and much appreciated throughout the Swahili world of the time, meaning the coastal towns of East Africa, in particular, Mombasa, Lamu, Zanzibar and other settlements. The two famous and rival poets, Kamange and Sarahani, were influenced, as all artists inevitably are, by their environment and culture, among the most important of its manifestations being religion and language. Both of them were Muslims, and were therefore influenced by Islamic literature and Arabic language. But they were also influenced by the multiplicity of Swahili sub-cultures and dialects - which were not in fact called Swahili but Kim vita, Kiamu, Kipemba, Kimrima and Kivumba respectively (for the Swahili spoken in Mombasa, Lamu, Pemba, Vanga and Wasini off the Southern Kenya coast) and several others. One aspect of the richness of the collection of Kamange and Sarahani's poetry is the length and breadth of their command of the different dialects. At the height of their fame, the two poets divided the world of poetry into followers of Kamange or Sarahani. This rivalry became even fiercer after Kamange's death with Sarahani refusing to be engaged in it, because as he voiced it, in the absence of his real sparring partner there was no one to pit himself against. Kamange was the boisterous, and daring one writing on subjects of love and bravery while Sarahani was interested in religion erudition, philosophy and moral instruction. The collectors of the poems, Abdurrahman Saggaf Alawy and Ali Abdala El Maawy saved the poems from extinction after the1964 revolution in Zanzibar and kept them for more than forty years before presenting them to Abdilatif Abdala, editor of this collection (himself a renowned poet) to find a publisher for them. This is a real treasure of Swahili poetry that will open up a new window to the richness of Swahili literary and poetic culture.
Fifty Years of Kiswahili in Kenya is a collection of articles that were presented at an international Kiswahili conference organized by the National Kiswahili Association (CHAKITA) Kenya in 2013, which was held at the Catholic University of Eastern Africa (CUEA). A few articles are however from a similar conference held in 2012 at Kenyatta University. The book exemplifies the importance of the Kiswahili language in various sectors of society. Therefore, within this book you will find articles that focus on the teaching of the Kiswahili language; Kiswahili as a tool for national economic development; the contribution of Kiswahili to national cohesion and integration; Kiswahili research in language and literature; Kiswahili and portrayal of women; children's literature in Kiswahili; and how Sheng affects Kiswahili. In short, the articles herein are a testimony of how Kiswahili has developed in the last fifty years in Kenya. This is a very important book for Kiswahili students and teachers. It is also an invaluable text for Kiswahili enthusiasts and all those who recognize its contribution to society.
Nyuma Ya Pazia
(2015)
Nyuma Ya Pazia or Behind the Curtain is about corruption involving the president, and his ministers who rob the country of Mafuriko or Abracadabra. President in conjunction with his Premier brought fake foreign insecticide company; Richmen to invest in power generation in Mafuriko. Through logrolling Richmen lands a very lucrative tender used as a conduit of stealing millions from the Central Bank. Richmen is used to syphon billions of dollars from the treasury. When people get wind of this theft, force the government to crumble thereby rulers are punished by being jailed or other being sentenced to death. The book satirizes African kleptocratic regimes.
The Reader includes sample works of modern writers starting with the first story by Afewerk Ghebre Jesus written in 1908 up to the writings of the early 2000s, which continue Amharic literature in various genres. The Chrestomathy is supplemented with linguistic and cultural comments of lexical, grammatical and ethno-cultural nature. Short biographies of the writers are included. Ethiopian literature is justly considered young, though it is based on a very old cultural foundation. Its major benefit is the focus on an individual person displaying moral integrity and unity with the environment.
Uwiruwiru hwazuro nhasi namangwana muunganidzwa wemanyukopfungwa atinopakurirwa nananyanduri vane unyanzvi hwekudzamisa ndangariro nekuumba zviumbwapfungwa zvinotekenyedza. Mashoko ari munhetembo idzi anoputika senhondo dzemusasa achitanda sedandemutande pakubata mazera ose uye zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganikwa nazvo mukurarama kwevanhu. Vananyanduri vari mubhuku rino vakashandisa misambo nezvidavado zvinomwisa mvura kuumba nhapitapi dzenhetembo dzinoti kutekenyedza pfungwa, kuvaraidza nekudzidzisa hupenyu hune mutsa. Kuvaverengi vanhasi namangwana, heino mbuva yehupenyu, ibatisisei In this collection, in Shona, are essays by Zimbabwean poets; words in these poems explode like camp battles serving as a web for dealing with all ages and the various events involved in people's lives.
Axel Honneth的認肯理論及其教育蘊義
(2019)
本研究旨在探究Axel Honneth的認肯理論,並闡釋其在教育上的意義。本研究基於運用哲學思考法與文本詮釋學方法對Honneth的認肯理論進行理解、分析與重構出認肯理論的重要面向與實踐意涵。首先,對認肯理論的理 論基礎進行探究,並分析認肯理論的結構與相應原則;其次,將Honneth認肯理論放在其所運用的個體情感發展、社會機制反思與法理政治實踐層面進行具體分析,闡釋對現代性影響下各行動領域之發展與問題的分析;最後,基於前述對Honneth認肯理論的研究,分析在當今民主社會中教育存在之病態與可能性,並在情感、法理與社會層級中,以自愛、自尊與自我實現為目 標,具體從認知、情意與技能三面向提出在教育上的理論面與應用面的蘊義.