Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (30034)
- Part of Periodical (11857)
- Book (8240)
- Doctoral Thesis (5631)
- Part of a Book (3636)
- Working Paper (3371)
- Review (2861)
- Contribution to a Periodical (2307)
- Preprint (1838)
- Report (1544)
Language
- German (42097)
- English (28487)
- French (1067)
- Portuguese (723)
- Multiple languages (306)
- Croatian (302)
- Spanish (301)
- Italian (194)
- mis (174)
- Turkish (148)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (74124) (remove)
Keywords
- Deutsch (1038)
- Literatur (801)
- taxonomy (741)
- Deutschland (541)
- Rezension (491)
- new species (439)
- Frankfurt <Main> / Universität (341)
- Rezeption (321)
- Geschichte (291)
- Linguistik (268)
Institute
- Medizin (7417)
- Präsidium (5119)
- Physik (4154)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (2662)
- Extern (2661)
- Gesellschaftswissenschaften (2366)
- Biowissenschaften (2135)
- Biochemie und Chemie (1961)
- Center for Financial Studies (CFS) (1610)
- Informatik (1577)
Chemical pollution caused by synthetic organic chemicals at low concentrations in the environment poses a growing threat to the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems. These chemicals are regularly released into surface waters through both treated and untreated effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), agricultural runoff, and industrial discharges. Consequently, they accumulate in surface waters, distribute amongst environmental compartments according to their physicochemical properties, and cause adverse effects on aquatic organisms. Unfortunately, there is a lack of data regarding the occurrence of synthetic organic chemicals, henceforth micropollutants, in South American freshwater ecosystems, especially in Chile.
To address this research gap, we present a comprehensive dataset comprising concentrations of 153 emerging chemicals, including pesticides, pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), surfactants, and industrial chemicals. These chemicals were found to co-occur in surface waters within Central Chile, specifically in the River Aconcagua Basin. Our sampling strategy involved collecting surface water samples from streams and rivers with diverse land uses, such as agriculture, urban areas, and natural reserves. For sample extraction, we employed an on-site large-volume solid phase extraction (LVSPE) device. The resulting environmental extracts were then subjected to wide-scope chemical target screening using gas chromatography and liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC- and LCsingle bondHRMS).
The dataset we present holds significant value in assessing the chemical status of water bodies. It enables comparative analysis of pollution fingerprints associated with emerging chemicals across different freshwater systems. Moreover, the data can be reused for environmental risk assessment studies. Its utilisation will contribute to a better understanding of the impact and extent of chemical pollution in aquatic ecosystems, facilitating the development of effective mitigation strategies.
Highlights
• 153 chemicals of emerging concern detected in complex multi-component mixtures.
• 108 possible mixture risk assessment scenarios were investigated.
• Non-detects, QSARs, and experimental ecotoxicological data were integrated for risk assessment.
• 8 chemicals were the main risk drivers in at least one site across the River Aconcagua basin.
Abstract
Environmental risk assessments strategies that account for the complexity of exposures are needed in order to evaluate the toxic pressure of emerging chemicals, which also provide suggestions for risk mitigation and management, if necessary. Currently, most studies on the co-occurrence and environmental impacts of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) are conducted in countries of the Global North, leaving massive knowledge gaps in countries of the Global South.
In this study, we implement a multi-scenario risk assessment strategy to improve the assessment of both the exposure and hazard components in the chemical risk assessment process. Our strategy incorporates a systematic consideration and weighting of CECs that were not detected, as well as an evaluation of the uncertainties associated with Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSARs) predictions for chronic ecotoxicity. Furthermore, we present a novel approach to identifying mixture risk drivers. To expand our knowledge beyond well-studied aquatic ecosystems, we applied this multi-scenario strategy to the River Aconcagua basin of Central Chile. The analysis revealed that the concentrations of CECs exceeded acceptable risk thresholds for selected organism groups and the most vulnerable taxonomic groups. Streams flowing through agricultural areas and sites near the river mouth exhibited the highest risks. Notably, the eight risk drivers among the 153 co-occurring chemicals accounted for 66–92 % of the observed risks in the river basin. Six of them are pesticides and pharmaceuticals, chemical classes known for their high biological activity in specific target organisms.
Fantastik und Möglichkeitssinn : zur literarischen Organisation des Wissens bei Kafka und Musil
(2007)
Ich möchte mich im Folgenden mit Texten beschäftigen, die alle drei genannten Tendenzen aufweisen, ohne dass sie sich dem Genre der Utopie oder Dystopie zurechnen ließen. Diese literarischen Texte greifen die wissenschaftlichen, technischen, politischen, ökonomischen und verwaltungstechnischen Diskurse ihrer Zeit auf, deformieren sie aber gleichzeitig dadurch, dass sie sie mit poetischen überblenden. Indem die außerliterarischen Diskurse neu organisiert und arrangiert werden, werden sie gleichzeitig verfremdet: Sie erhalten Funktionen, die von ihren ursprünglichen radikal abweichen. Eben durch diese Verschiebungen und Verzerrungen können diese Diskurse überhaupt erst als solche erkannt und reflektiert werden. Franz Kafkas und Robert Musils Werke belegen dies auf ihre je eigene, aber in jedem Fall eindrucksvolle Weise. Sie zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass sie das Wissen ihrer Zeit in seiner ganzen Vielfalt in sich geradezu aufsaugen, diese Wissenselemente aber auf eine sehr eigenwillige Art zueinander in Beziehung setzen. Wissensbestände dienen ihnen als Materialien für fundamentale Neukonstruktionen. Das soll im Folgenden an einigen markanten Beispielen demonstriert werden.
"[D]ie ganze Welt stürzt zusammen", schrieb Hofmannsthal am 26. November 1918 an Ottonie Gräfin Degenfeld. Drastisch schildert er das massenhafte Sterben an der Grippeepidemie in Wien ebenso wie die Angst vor Arbeiteraufständen, vor Schießereien und Plünderungen, vor freigelassenen Kriegsgefangenen und Kriminellen. Hofmannsthal hatte im k.u.k. Kriegspressequartier den Weltkrieg als Verteidigung der Kultur propagandistisch unterstützt. Spätestens nach dessen Ende erschien ihm wie vielen seiner Zeitgenossen der Weltkrieg als eine Katastrophe bisher unbekannten Ausmaßes, die alle materiellen wie geistigen Bereiche der Kultur fundamental averänderte. Seine ungeheure Zerstörungskraft kündigte einen Umbruchsprozess an, der zu einer völligen Neukonfiguration der politischen und ökonomischen Kräfteverhältnisse, des individuellen Selbstverständnisses und der kollektiven sozialen Beziehungen führte. Wie Mathias Mayer bemerkt, war dementsprechend für Hofmannsthal die "Konfrontation von Chaos und Ordnung" das zentrale "Problem der Nachkriegszeit".
The land snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 and its subgenus Syndromus Pilsbry, 1900 (family Camaenidae) in Laos are revised. Fourteen species from various habitats of deciduous forest and limestone areas throughout Laos are confirmed. The classification is revised and discussed, based on material examined from Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and Thailand and after comparison with the type specimens in many museums. Two new species, A. (Amphidromus) syndromoideus Inkhavilay & Panha sp. nov., from central Laos, and A. (Syndromus) xiengkhaungensis Inkhavilay & Panha sp. nov., from northern Laos, are described and discussed.
In order to provide a reassessment of the Neotropical genus Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895, a cladistic analysis, biogeographic analysis, and taxonomic review were conducted in the present work. For the cladistic approach, 91 morphological characters were scored for 53 terminals as the ingroup and 10 as the outgroup. Three synapomorphies support the monophyly of the genus: presence of a longitudinal suture on the promentum, penial bases partially fused, and the internal branch of the gonopods surrounding the telopodite; and two homoplastic transformations: the lateral lobe of the collum densely striated and setae present up to the apical portion of the prefemoral process on the first leg-pair of males. The genus Pseudonannolene is recovered as sister-group of Epinannolene Brölemann, 1903 (Pseudonannoleninae). A total of 226 occurrence points were recorded for Pseudonannolene, with the majority of records from the Chacoan subregion, composed by Araucaria Forest, Atlantic, and Parana Forest provinces. The biogeographical searches using the Geographically explicit Event Model recovered two biogeographic reconstructions (cost of 79 000), with the vicariance events occurring more frequently in the deep clades, whereas sympatry and points of sympatry occurred in more inclusive clades. The first reconstruction recovered four vicariances, 13 sympatries, 4 points of sympatry, and 21 founder events, and the second reconstruction recovered four vicariances, 12–13 sympatries, 4–5 points of sympatry, and 21 founder events. The genus Pseudonannolene comprises 56 species, including 8 new species herein described: P. alata sp. nov., P. aurea sp. nov., P. bucculenta sp. nov., P. curvata sp. nov., P. granulata sp. nov., P. insularis sp. nov., P. morettii sp. nov., and P. nicolau sp. nov.; P. brevis Silvestri, 1902 and P. rugosetta Silvestri, 1897 are regarded as species inquirendae; a neotype of P. alegrensis Silvestri, 1897 is here proposed with male described for the first time. The following taxa are synonymized: P. canastra Gallo & Bichuette, 2020 and P. saguassu Iniesta & Ferreira, 2013 with P. ambuatinga Iniesta & Ferreira, 2013; P. marconii Iniesta & Ferreira, 2013 with P. longicornis (Porat, 1888); P. chaimowiczi Fontanetti, 1996, P. gogo Iniesta & Ferreira, 2013, P. rosineii Iniesta & Ferreira, 2014, P. taboa Iniesta & Ferreira, 2014, and P. longissima Iniesta & Ferreira, 2014 with P. microzoporus Mauriès, 1987; P. tricolor gracilis Brölemann, 1902 and P. tricolor rugosus Schubart, 1945 with P. tricolor Brölemann, 1902; P. auguralis Silvestri, 1902 with P. rocana Silvestri, 1902; and P. abbreviata Silvestri, 1902 with P. typica Silvestri, 1895. P. inops Brölemann, 1929 is proposed here as new status from P. bovei inops. A dichotomous identification key is presented to facilitate the species identification.
Markus Färbers 'Reprobus' aus dem Jahr 2012 ist im Genette’schen Sinne ein Palimpsest der mittelalterlichen Legende des Heiligen Christophorus, angesiedelt in einer dystopischen Welt, in der eine geographisch reale 'Welt der Legenden und Mythen' durch Erosion zu verschwinden droht. Westlich davon liegt, durch einen Fluss abgegrenzt, eine düstere von Menschen bewohnte Megastadt. Dorthin zurückgekehrt, versucht Christus, sich und Christophorus / Reprobus wieder in das Gedächtnis der Bewohner_innen zu bringen. Die Missionarstätigkeit und das Martyrium der alten Version fehlen. Stattdessen versucht Reprobus mehrfach vergeblich über den Grenzfluss aus der Welt der Menschen wieder in die der Legenden zu gelangen. Dieser Grenze zwischen Logos und Mythos, die immer unüberwindbarer wird, gilt es in ihrer allegorischen Konstellation Beachtung zu schenken. Denn an die Stelle der traditionellen Moralisatio ist in diesem Buch folgende Frage getreten: „If the myths have gone away, will the stories ever stay in our time?“ In Färbers Werk spiegelt sich eine Hoffnung, von der Benjamin in seiner Allegorietheorie spricht: das Aufgreifen von verschwindenden Dingen, ob materieller oder geistiger Natur, und deren Besetzen mit neuen Bedeutungen könnte sie über die Grenze, vor dem Vergessen, für die jeweilige Gegenwart der Künstler_innen, die damit zu Allegoriker_innen werden, retten.
At the earliest times after a heavy-ion collision, the magnetic field created by the spectator nucleons will generate an extremely strong, albeit rapidly decreasing in time, magnetic field. The impact of this magnetic field may have detectable consequences, and is believed to drive anomalous transport effects like the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME). We detail an exploratory study on the effects of a dynamical magnetic field on the hydrodynamic medium created in the collisions of two ultrarelativistic heavy-ions, using the framework of numerical ideal MagnetoHydroDynamics (MHD) with the ECHO-QGP code. In this study, we consider a magnetic field captured in a conducting medium, where the conductivity can receive contributions from the electromagnetic conductivity σ and the chiral magnetic conductivity σχ. We first study the elliptic flow of pions, which we show is relatively unchanged by the introduction of a magnetic field. However, by increasing the magnitude of the magnetic field, we find evidence for an enhancement of the elliptic flow in peripheral collisions. This effect is stronger at RHIC than the LHC, and it is evident already at intermediate collision centralities. Next, we explore the impact of the chiral magnetic conductivity on electric charges produced at the edges of the fireball. This initial σχ can be understood as a long-wavelength effective description of chiral fermion production. We then demonstrate that this chiral charge, when transported by the MHD medium, produces a charge dipole perpendicular to the reaction plane which extends a few units in rapidity. Assuming charge conservation at the freeze-out surface, we show that the produced charge imbalance can have measurable effects on some experimental observables, like v1 or ⟨sinϕ⟩. This demonstrates the ability of a MHD fluid to transport the signature of the initial chiral magnetic fields to late times. We also comment on the limitations of the ideal MHD approximation and detail how further development of a dissipative-resistive model can provide a more realistic description of the QGP.
We present a study of the elliptic flow and RAA of D and D¯ mesons in Au+Au collisions at FAIR energies. We propagate the charm quarks and the D mesons following a previously applied Langevin dynamics. The evolution of the background medium is modeled in two different ways: (I) we use the UrQMD hydrodynamics + Boltzmann transport hybrid approach including a phase transition to QGP and (II) with the coarse-graining approach employing also an equation of state with QGP. The latter approach has previously been used to describe di-lepton data at various energies very successfully. This comparison allows us to explore the effects of partial thermalization and viscous effects on the charm propagation. We explore the centrality dependencies of the collisions, the variation of the decoupling temperature and various hadronization parameters. We find that the initial partonic phase is responsible for the creation of most of the D/D¯ mesons elliptic flow and that the subsequent hadronic interactions seem to play only a minor role. This indicates that D/D¯ mesons elliptic flow is a smoking gun for a partonic phase at FAIR energies. However, the results suggest that the magnitude and the details of the elliptic flow strongly depend on the dynamics of the medium and on the hadronization procedure, which is related to the medium properties as well. Therefore, even at FAIR energies the charm quark might constitute a very useful tool to probe the quark–gluon plasma and investigate its physics.