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Scanning electron microscope analyses of sporoderm of 7 species of 3 genera of Marchantiales are presented in this study. In the studied species, sporoderm exhibit a broad range of morphology and have taxonomic specificity. The structurally rigid sporoderms have specific sculpturing and characteristic patterning. Peculiar architectures are found in different taxa, which revealed that and stable architectures may be present within an order. Sporoderms usually have specific surface markings which are often one of the best parameters to identify any species.
The present study is a compilation of moss flora of Western Himalayas (India). This compilation listed 745 species of mosses, belonging to 19 orders; 55 families and 230 genera. Out of these 17 species have been reported endemic from Western Himalayas. 196 species have been synonymized and status of 86 species is still doubtful i.e. unresolved name. At present out of 745 only 463 species are validly known from this mountain range of India
The present contribution is an enumerated account of mosses of Munsyari (Pithoragarh), Western Himalayas. The study revealed the presence 8 orders, 20 families, 32 genera and 44 species in the area. Moss species viz. Anoectangium walkeri Broth., Actinothuidium hookeri (Mitt.) Broth. Stereophyllum ligulatum Jaeg., Anomodon minor (Hedw.) Fŭrnr., Hageniells assamica Dixon, Schoenobryum cocavifolia (Griff.) Gang., Entodon luteonitens Ren. et Card. and Physcomitrium pulchellum (Grif.) Mitt. are reported for the first time from Munsiyari hills as well as western Himalayas as welcome additions to the bryoflora of Uttarakhand (Western Himalaya).
The present paper includes information on intraspecific variability (ecological and morpho-anatomical) among 46 accessions of Conocephalum conicum (L.) Dumort. collected from diverse habitats in Bhaderwah (J & K state), India. The study revealed tremendous diversity in almost each studied character.
The aqueous extract of Dumortiera hirsuta (Swaegr.) Nees, a bryophyte, was found to be effective against seven postharvest phytopathogens tested. The fungitoxicity of the extract was measured by percent spore germination inhibition and percent radial growth inhibition using poisoned food technique. The inhibition of spore germination by the Dumortiera extract was within the range of 400 to 550 ppm. In poisoned food technique, out of seven postharvest phytopathogenic fungi tested six were completely inhibited by the Dumortiera extract with concentration range of 550 to 600 ppm. The mode of action of extract (350 ppm) was examined in the case of Aspergillus niger van Tieghem. Distinct morphological changes were observed in treated hyphae in comparison to control . The treatment clearly showed anomalies in the hyphae; cell wall of became flaccid, cytoplasm started leaving the cell wall and became granulated.
Since the existence of Nilgiri hills, bryophyte- the miniatures of plant kingdom play an important and crucial role in the stabilization of Blue Mountains ecology. Unlike Himalayas, the landslides were rare in the area, but with the time and changing global environment it had become a common sight. Significantly ever increasing population and vehicular traffic is the prime reason for them, to cater the need, roads are periodically broadened by cutting road sides destroying the habitat as also the inhabiting species. Bryophytes, are efficient soil binders that regulate the soil moisture and provide substrate for future plant succession. The habitat loss and nudeness of substratum gives impetus to rapid soil erosion that further enhances the problem of their very survival. The present communication provides significance of these avascular cryptogams in environmental assessment, ecological balance and their role in decreasing the pore pressure to check land slides.
The present contribution revealed the occurrence of Hypnum plumaeforme Wilson belonging to family Hypnaceae (Bryopsida) for the first time in Munsiyari region of Uttarakhand state, which is a new addition to the bryoflora of Western Himalayas. Earlier this species was known only from eastern Himalayas (Nepal).
India is among of the 12 mega biodiversity countries in the world. The huge area and the range of phyto-climatic conditions met within its eight bio-geographical zones contribute to the great diversity of the Indian flora. These bio-geographical zones have diverse topographical variations and climatic conditions. The present work deals with the bryo-diversity of western part of the country which is greatly neglected due to its comparatively harsh environmental conditions by the bryologists. It is an attempt to provide a comprehensive account of the bryophyte wealth of the region by stepwise exploration and it has initiated with Ranthambhore National Park.