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The present study is a compilation of moss flora of Western Himalayas (India). This compilation listed 745 species of mosses, belonging to 19 orders; 55 families and 230 genera. Out of these 17 species have been reported endemic from Western Himalayas. 196 species have been synonymized and status of 86 species is still doubtful i.e. unresolved name. At present out of 745 only 463 species are validly known from this mountain range of India
Similipal Biosphere Reserve is a part of biotic province of Chhotanagpur Plateau. It has a representative ecosystem under Mahanadian biogeographic region. Its biodiversity is an assemblage representation of Western Ghats and North-East India. Regarding bryophytes this area was rather unexplored and the current investigation shows the occurrence of 33 taxa of bryophytes in this biosphere reserve and its neighboring areas. Each species has been enumerated with its ecological and distributional details.
The present contribution revealed the occurrence of Hypnum plumaeforme Wilson belonging to family Hypnaceae (Bryopsida) for the first time in Munsiyari region of Uttarakhand state, which is a new addition to the bryoflora of Western Himalayas. Earlier this species was known only from eastern Himalayas (Nepal).
In the present study the level of S, Cu, Cr, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cr was estimated in samples of the common thalloid liverwort Plagiochasma rupestre (G. Frost) Stephani, from Ranthambhore National park, Rajasthan (India). High metallic load was observed both in substrate as well as in plant tissue at locations adjacent to higher vehicular load, during winter the metallic content is highest, followed by summer and monsoon season. Elemental concentration in substrate for Plagiochasma rupestre was in the order of Zn> S> Pb> Cu> Cd> Cr, while in plant tissue it showed S> Zn> Pb> Cu> Cd> Cr, which is indicative of air borne trace elemental load. Quantitative analysis of these elements in vegetative thalli of Plagiochasma rupestre and the substrate showed an increase in metallic content during winter, which reveals the significance of this liverwort as a biological sink of mineral elements present in the soil and air and may provide an important tool in estimation of both aerial pollution and mineral enrichment in soil.
Scanning electron microscope analyses of sporoderm of 7 species of 3 genera of Marchantiales are presented in this study. In the studied species, sporoderm exhibit a broad range of morphology and have taxonomic specificity. The structurally rigid sporoderms have specific sculpturing and characteristic patterning. Peculiar architectures are found in different taxa, which revealed that and stable architectures may be present within an order. Sporoderms usually have specific surface markings which are often one of the best parameters to identify any species.
The present contribution is an enumerated account of mosses of Munsyari (Pithoragarh), Western Himalayas. The study revealed the presence 8 orders, 20 families, 32 genera and 44 species in the area. Moss species viz. Anoectangium walkeri Broth., Actinothuidium hookeri (Mitt.) Broth. Stereophyllum ligulatum Jaeg., Anomodon minor (Hedw.) Fŭrnr., Hageniells assamica Dixon, Schoenobryum cocavifolia (Griff.) Gang., Entodon luteonitens Ren. et Card. and Physcomitrium pulchellum (Grif.) Mitt. are reported for the first time from Munsiyari hills as well as western Himalayas as welcome additions to the bryoflora of Uttarakhand (Western Himalaya).
In succession of terrestrial ecosystem, bryophytes, algae and lichens constitute the primary components. Not only phylogenetically but also physically they are related to each other, as they are also found in close association and intermixed with each other on same substratum. A chlorophycean alga Ulothrix zonata (Weber & Mohr) Kützing has been found growing as an epiphyte on moss Macromitrium sulcatum (Hook.) Brid.. The association is peculiar as the algal filaments form a close net over the surface of moss leaves and axis.
Bryoflora of Munsyari and Dharchula Tehsil of Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand, Western Himalayas, India
(2012)
Uttarakhand state of India comprises unique topographical conditions and hence is rich in bryophytes. In present work two Tehsils-Munsyari and Dharchula of Pithoragarh have been explored extensively to assess the bryophytic wealth of this district. A preliminary checklist has been prepared which revealed the occurrence of 51 taxa of bryophytes from this district.
Since the existence of Nilgiri hills, bryophyte- the miniatures of plant kingdom play an important and crucial role in the stabilization of Blue Mountains ecology. Unlike Himalayas, the landslides were rare in the area, but with the time and changing global environment it had become a common sight. Significantly ever increasing population and vehicular traffic is the prime reason for them, to cater the need, roads are periodically broadened by cutting road sides destroying the habitat as also the inhabiting species. Bryophytes, are efficient soil binders that regulate the soil moisture and provide substrate for future plant succession. The habitat loss and nudeness of substratum gives impetus to rapid soil erosion that further enhances the problem of their very survival. The present communication provides significance of these avascular cryptogams in environmental assessment, ecological balance and their role in decreasing the pore pressure to check land slides.