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Rezension zu Zoran Konstantinović: Grundlagentexte der Vergleichenden Literaturwissenschaft aus drei Jahrzehnten. Arbeiten von Zoran Konstantinović. Ausgewählt u. hg. zu seinem 80. Geburtstag von Beate Burtscher-Bechter u.a. Innsbruck (Studienverlag) 2000. (Comparanda; 1). 445 Seiten.
Um Theorie und Methodologie der Vergleichenden Literaturwissenschaft sowie um die Literaturgeschichte Mittel- und Südosteuropas zentrieren sich die Forschungen des Innsbrucker Komparatisten Zoran Konstantinović. Ihm zu Ehren haben nun Mitarbeiter und Mitarbeiterinnen des Innsbrucker Instituts für Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft einen Sammelband herausgegeben, der die besten Aufsätze aus seiner dreißig Jahre währenden Tätigkeit in Innsbruck zusammenstellt.
Sammelrezension zu Hugo Meltzl u. Samuel Brassai: Acta comparationis litterarum universarum. Jahrgang 1 - Naul 1 (1877). Neu herausgegeben von Horst Fassel. Cluj-Napoca/Klausenburg (Presa universtară Clujeană) 2002 (ISBN 973-610-105-3).
Horst Fassel (Hg.): Hugo Meltzl und die Anfänge der Komparatistik. Wiesbaden (Franz Steiner) 2005 (= Materialien des IdGL Tübingen, Bd. 16). Caíetele echínox. Volumul 6: Germanistică şi comparatistică. Cluj-Napoca (Dacia) 2004 (ISBN 973-35-1818-2).
Mit den erschienenen Bänden sind wichtige Vorarbeiten für eine umfassende Beschäftigung mit Hugo Meltzl und den 'Acta comparationis litterarum universarum' (ACLU) geleistet. Neben ihrer inhaltlichen Qualität ist es eine weitere Stärke der Tagungsbeiträge, daß sie die dem (westeuropäischen) Leser meist nicht verständlichen und daher verschlossenen ungarischen Artikel der Zeitschrift und der Arbeiten Meltzls zumindest mittelbar zugänglich machen. Es bleibt zu hoffen, daß die Edition der ACLU fortschreitet und damit wichtiges Material der komparatistischen Wissenschaftsgeschichte auch von größeren Interessentenkreisen zur Kenntnis genommen werden kann.
This paper is an "interested" reading of "The Critique of Judgement" – "interested", because, unlike what has become usual in recent decades, it strives to disassociate the Kantian concept of "free beauty" from any interpretation of it as an early defense of abstract art. It is also "interested" because, instead of exposing (once more) the framework of the "Kritik der Urteilskraft", it tries to show how the Third Kantian Critique can be taken as a basis for something that was not part of its original purpose: reviewing the idea of mimesis itself. For that, the understanding of the Kantian sublime (das Erhabene) will be decisive: understood initially as one of the modalities of aesthetic experience, the other being beauty, the sublime progressively distances itself from the latter. If beauty and the sublime are to be thematized independently of "determining judgement", in which the properties of the object impose themselves upon the subject, the modalities of aesthetic experience suppose, on the contrary, the primacy of the subject. This implies gradations: from the experience of harmony propitiated by beauty up through the "negative pleasure" of the sublime, both poles through which reality is reworked by the subject. At the pole of beauty, "representation" of reality still plays a prominent role. At the pole of the "negative pleasure" of the sublime, "representation" is subordinated to the power of "presentation". However, both kinds of experience, the one of beauty and the other of the sublime, belong to the same field of aesthetic experience, because in both of them the subject reworks – does not discard – what comes to him from the outside: it will be necessary to understand "Vorstellung" always as an experience in which the exterior will be transformed by the subject. That is, the representation of the Third Critic will always be an effectual representation. In the sublime as much as in "free beauty", the metamophosis of the exterior by the subject achieves its maximum level without meaning that the external pole – that we usually call "world" or "reality" – disappears. It will thus be necessary to rethink the concept of mimesis in order to understand the metamorphosis of the world performed by radicalization of the aesthetic experience through "free beauty".
Cada vez mais, o ensino baseado em textos ganha espaço nas salas de aula de línguas e nos livros didáticos. A teoria dos gêneros do discurso, advinda do Círculo de Bakhtin, tem fundamentado diversas análises e é o ponto de partida das teorias de gêneros discursivos e/ou textuais. Essa teoria é centrada no estudo das materialidades discursivas em seus aspectos sócio-históricos e ideológicos, considerando também as condições de produção e as situações de comunicação dos discursos. Diante de tais considerações, os objetivos deste trabalho são: verificar a concepção de gêneros em um livro didático de alemão como língua estrangeira para iniciantes Planet A1 e investigar o modo como as atividades com os gêneros são abordadas nesse material. A análise apresentada neste artigo é qualitativa e não há qualquer quantificação dos gêneros abordados no livro didático. Para tanto, foram escolhidas três propostas de atividades baseadas em três gêneros, entre os mais recorrentes do livro didático: uma conversa telefônica, e-mails e um gráfico. Os resultados das análises demonstram que o livro didático
At the forefront of those who tenaciously pondered this issue are, I would claim, Walter Benjamin and Ludwig Wittgenstein. Benjamin and Wittgenstein both are philosophers of language who tried to establish in unique ways the doctrine of resemblance respectively: "Lehre vom Ähnlichen" and "[Lehre der] Familienähnlichkeit." What they see and find in language are not communication and mutual understanding but instead one of the weirdest phenomena in/of the world, viz., resemblance (likeness) in/of language. This phenomenon, I would insist, indicates the correlation of appearing and disappearing, of differentiating and integrating, and of dividing and imparting of language as such. For Benjamin and Wittgenstein, to sum up, language is a paradigmatic paradoxical site of (dis)appearance, differentiating integrity, and divisive imparting. For this reason, it is worthwhile to pin down where their thoughts on language converge and where they diverge.
The aim of this paper is to analyze the concept of body developed by Luhmann's systems theory. Privileged places where one can look for the body will be the interpenetration between human beings and the concept of socialization. Another fundamental problem is the relationship between semantics and body, although the most explicit presence of the body in this theory comes with the concept of symbiotic mechanisms or symbols. The last place where this enquiry will look for a bodily reference are emotions, which were highly ignored by Luhmann. Alternative approaches explored in the paper are treating the body as a structure, as a medium or as an internal environment.
This paper analyses the idea of the avant-garde in Benjamin and its reception in German literary criticism after World War II. It examines the works of Hans Magnus Enzensberger and Peter Bürger, who focus on the concept of avantgarde. This perspective allows us to broaden our reflection on German literary history since the end of World War II, and this contributes to the discussion on Postmodernism. The elaboration of the concept of allegory gives this discussion a clearer direction. Benjamin's key-notion of profane illumination was not received in a theoretical-philological way – but it materialized as experience in the students' revolt at the end of the 60s and the beginning of the 70s.
Este texto busca caracterizar a imagem de pensamento (Denkbild) como um gênero particular de composição que mistura filosofia e literatura, conceito e imagem. O argumento central é o de que, devido às suas peculiaridades formais, a imagem de pensamento possui tanto um forte teor intersubjetivo, quanto a capacidade como de fazer surgir o não-idêntico em experiências cotidianas. Desse combinação surge um tipo de escrita prática, que merece ser recuperada no presente.