Archive for Bryology
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081
Orthotrichum fastigiatum has variously been treated as a species or as subscpecies, variety or even as synonym of O. affine. The distinguishing characters between both taxa were studied. An evaluation revealed that some characters such as spore size (different but intergrading), exostome ornamentation, leaf apex, shape of papillae and lid cannot be used for differentiation. Other characters of O. fastigiatum such as smaller size, capsules imbedded in the leaves, a naked calyptra, the width of the ribs of the urn and the extend to which the empty capsule is contracted below the mouth are usable but hardly to quantify. The observation of mixed stands as well an apparent different ecology indicates different genotypes. Therefore O. fastigiatum should be regarded as infraspecific taxon of O. affine.
084
Leucobryum juniperoideum was found on a fieldtrip in December 2009 in North Carolina. This species was so far known from the tropics as well from Europe where it had formerly be included in L. glaucum until 1962. It is the third species of this genus in North America and differs from L. albidum and L. glaucum by a different leaf shape, a different transverse section of the costa and different shape of the capsules.
088
The checklist reports total 2489 taxa of bryophytes recorded from India, comprising 1786 species in 355 genera of mosses, 675 species in 121 genera of liverworts and 25 species in six genera of hornworts. Some of the genera of mosses like Fissidens, Barbula, Campylopus, and Bryum are found to have largest number of species. In liverworts Riccia, Porella, Frullania, Lejeunea, Plagiochila and Jungermannia are recorded to be species rich genera and in hornworts Anthoceros is well represented by species. Pottiaceae, Lejeuniaceae and Notothyladaceae are largely represented in India. Nearly 340 species are endemic to India.
092
Contribution to the bryophyte flora of India: the Parambikulam Tiger Reserve in the Western Ghats
(2011)
A checklist of the bryophyte flora of the Parambikulam Tiger Reserve in the Western Ghats is presented here. It consists of 58 taxa (39 mosses, one Hornwort and 18 liverworts), of which Grimmia funalis and Thuidium subdelicatulum has reported as new record for India (Manju & Rajesh, communicated), Leucophanes glaucum (Schwägr.) Mitt. is newly reported for the mainland of India, 10 species are newly reported for Peninsular India and another four are new for the Kerala State.
099
The status of endemic liverworts in the Western Ghats ‘one of the major Hot spots’ of plant biodiversity have been discussed in the present paper. The study is based on the evaluation of type and authentic specimens available in Lucknow University Hepatic Herbarium (LWU) as well as those in several international herbaria including NICH, NY, JE, FH, G and excicatae of the world and published data. An overall assessment and evaluation revealed the presence of a total of 54 liverworts endemic to Western Ghats in India. The paper also discusses those species which were earlier known as endemic to the area but now show an extended range of distribution elsewhere and also the species earlier introduced from Western Ghats but now changed their status.
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101
Aneura maxima is a species which was described from Java and reported from various parts of Asia (India, Indonesia, New Caledonia and Japan). It was recently found new to Thailand (Frahm et al. 2009). Schuster (1992) reported this species from the Appalachian Mountains in North America and Andriesen et al. (1995) for the first time for Europe from the Belgian Ardennes. I (Frahm 1997) reported the species a second time for Europe from Finland. Subsequently, the species was reported from many other regions of Europe including Denmark (Thingsgaard 2002), Poland and Luxemburg (Werner 2003), Corsica (Ros et al. 2007), France (Sotiaux et al. 1996), Czechia (Kucera 2004) and Germany (Meinunger & Schröder (2007).
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103
The aqueous extract of Dumortiera hirsuta (Swaegr.) Nees, a bryophyte, was found to be effective against seven postharvest phytopathogens tested. The fungitoxicity of the extract was measured by percent spore germination inhibition and percent radial growth inhibition using poisoned food technique. The inhibition of spore germination by the Dumortiera extract was within the range of 400 to 550 ppm. In poisoned food technique, out of seven postharvest phytopathogenic fungi tested six were completely inhibited by the Dumortiera extract with concentration range of 550 to 600 ppm. The mode of action of extract (350 ppm) was examined in the case of Aspergillus niger van Tieghem. Distinct morphological changes were observed in treated hyphae in comparison to control . The treatment clearly showed anomalies in the hyphae; cell wall of became flaccid, cytoplasm started leaving the cell wall and became granulated.
104
The present paper includes information on intraspecific variability (ecological and morpho-anatomical) among 46 accessions of Conocephalum conicum (L.) Dumort. collected from diverse habitats in Bhaderwah (J & K state), India. The study revealed tremendous diversity in almost each studied character.